DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing)s%3BATP binding%3BDNA binding%3B FUNCTIONS IN: DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolyzing) activity%2C DNA binding%2C ATP binding%3B INVOLVED IN: DNA topological change%3B LOCATED IN: chromosome%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: DNA topoisomerase%2C type IIA%2C central (InterPro:IPR013760)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: topoisomerase II (TAIR:AT3G23890.1)%3B Has 508 Blast hits to 508 proteins in 225 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 78%3B Fungi - 205%3B Plants - 50%3B Viruses - 12%3B Other Eukaryotes - 163 (source: NCBI BLink).
member of Alpha-Expansin Gene Family. Naming convention from the Expansin Working Group (Kende et al%2C 2004. Plant Mol Bio). Involved in the formation of nematode-induced syncytia in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana.
Encodes a transmembrane leucine-repeat containing receptor-like protein that is expressed in proliferative postprotodermal cells. Recessive mutation leads to disruption of asymmetric cell division during stomata development. Its transcript levels change after inducing MUTE expression in a mute background.
Encodes an expansin. Naming convention from the Expansin Working Group (Kende et al%2C 2004. Plant Mol Bio). Involved in the formation of nematode-induced syncytia in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana.
Encodes a homolog of trithorax%2C a histone-lysine N-methyltransferase. Paralog of ATX1. Unlike ATX1 which is involved in trimethylating of histone H3-mysine 4%2C ATX2 is involved in dimethylating of histone H3-lysine 4. ATX1 and ATX2 influence the expression of largely nonoverlapping gene sets. The expression pattern of ATX2 is also different from that of ATX1.
Myb-like transcription factor that modulates expression of ASA1%2C a key point of control in the tryptophan pathway%3B mutant has deregulated expression of ASA1 in dominant allele. Loss of function allele suggests ATR1 also functions at a control point for regulating indole glucosinolate homeostasis.
2-oxoglutarate (2OG) and Fe(II)-dependent oxygenase superfamily protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: oxidoreductase activity%2C acting on paired donors%2C with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen%2C 2-oxoglutarate as one donor%2C and incorporation of one atom each of oxygen into both donors%2C oxidoreductase activity%2C iron ion binding%3B INVOLVED IN: oxidation reduction%2C secondary metabolic process%3B LOCATED IN: cellular_component unknown%3B EXPRESSED IN: 11 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 7 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Isopenicillin N synthase (InterPro:IPR002283)%2C Oxoglutarate/iron-dependent oxygenase (InterPro:IPR005123)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) and Fe(II)-dependent oxygenase superfamily protein (TAIR:AT1G35190.1)%3B Has 30201 Blast hits to 17322 proteins in 780 species: Archae - 12%3B Bacteria - 1396%3B Metazoa - 17338%3B Fungi - 3422%3B Plants - 5037%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 2996 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a homolog of animal DJ-1 superfamily protein. In the A. thaliana genome%2C three genes encoding close homologs of human DJ-1 were identified AT3G14990 (DJ1A)%2C AT1G53280 (DJ1B) and AT4G34020 (DJ1C). Among the three homologs%2C DJ1C is essential for chloroplast development and viability. It exhibits glyoxalase activity towards glyoxal and methylglyoxal.
Encodes a homeodomain-leucine zipper protein that is rapidly and strongly induced by changes in the ratio of red to far-red light. It is also involved in cell expansion and cell proliferation and in the response to auxin.
encodes an peroxisomal NAD-malate dehydrogenase that is involved in fatty acid beta-oxidation through providing NAD to the process of converting fatty acyl CoA to acetyl CoA.
Protein of unknown function (DUF567)%3B FUNCTIONS IN: molecular_function unknown%3B INVOLVED IN: biological_process unknown%3B LOCATED IN: plasma membrane%3B EXPRESSED IN: 22 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 14 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF567 (InterPro:IPR007612)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF567) (TAIR:AT5G01750.2)%3B Has 108 Blast hits to 108 proteins in 14 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 4%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 104%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 0 (source: NCBI BLink).
Class III peroxidase Perx34. Expressed in roots%2C leaves and stems. Located in the cell wall. Involved in cell elongation. Expression activated by light. May play a role in generating H2O2 during defense response.
Encodes POLAR%2C a protein associated with cellular asymmetry of meristemoids. Its transcript levels change after inducing MUTE expression in a mute background.
Protein kinase superfamily protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: protein serine/threonine kinase activity%2C protein kinase activity%2C kinase activity%2C ATP binding%3B INVOLVED IN: protein amino acid phosphorylation%3B LOCATED IN: plasma membrane%3B EXPRESSED IN: 14 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 6 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein kinase%2C ATP binding site (InterPro:IPR017441)%2C Protein kinase%2C catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719)%2C Serine-threonine/tyrosine-protein kinase (InterPro:IPR001245)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR017442)%2C Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase%2C active site (InterPro:IPR008271)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein kinase superfamily protein (TAIR:AT5G51770.1)%3B Has 91751 Blast hits to 74768 proteins in 2369 species: Archae - 62%3B Bacteria - 7643%3B Metazoa - 25610%3B Fungi - 5037%3B Plants - 44627%3B Viruses - 173%3B Other Eukaryotes - 8599 (source: NCBI BLink).
BGLU21 encodes a beta-glucosidase that has a high level of activity against the naturally occuring secondary metabolite scopolin. Recombinant BGLU21 produced in insect cells shows lower levels of activity using the structurally similar substrates esculin (33%25) and 4-MU-glucoside (9%25). BGLU21 is glycosylated in planta and has a C-terminal ER retention signal. Transcript analysis as well as protein extraction and western blotting from various plant organs suggest that BGLU21 is only present in roots and seedlings. Transcript levels increase in response to cold%2C auxin (2%2C4-D)%2C and methyl jasmonate treatments.
encodes an IAA-amido synthase that conjugates Asp and other amino acids to auxin in vitro. Lines carrying insertions in this gene are hypersensitive to auxin.
Protein of unknown function (DUF677)%3B INVOLVED IN: N-terminal protein myristoylation%3B LOCATED IN: plasma membrane%2C peroxisome%2C cytoplasm%3B EXPRESSED IN: 22 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF677 (InterPro:IPR007749)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF677) (TAIR:AT5G66675.1)%3B Has 35333 Blast hits to 34131 proteins in 2444 species: Archae - 798%3B Bacteria - 22429%3B Metazoa - 974%3B Fungi - 991%3B Plants - 531%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 9610 (source: NCBI BLink).
Similar to a putative transcription factor and transcriptional coactivators. Repressor of GA responses and involved in gibberellic acid mediated signaling. Member of the DELLA proteins that restrain the cell proliferation and expansion that drives plant growth. The protein undergoes degradation in response to GA via the 26S proteasome. GAI may be involved in reducing ROS accumulation in response to stress by up-regulating the transcription of superoxide dismutases. Represses GA-induced vegetative growth and floral initiation. Rapidly degraded in response to GA.
Encodes a protein similar to the antifungal chitin-binding protein hevein from rubber tree latex. mRNA levels increase in response to ethylene and turnip crinkle virus infection.
Encodes a MYC-like bHLH transcriptional activator that binds specifically to the MYC recognition sequences in the CBF3 promoter. Mutants are defective in cold-regulated gene expression. Cold stress triggers protein degradation of nuclear GFPICE1 protein%2C and the RING finger protein HOS1 is required. Sumoylation of ICE1 controls CBF3/DREB1A expression and freezing tolerance.
Encodes a receptor-like kinase that%2C together with ER and ERL1 governs the initial decision of protodermal cells to either divide proliferatively to produce pavement cells or divide asymmetrically to generate stomatal complexes. It is also important for maintaining stomatal stem cell activity and preventing terminal differentiation of the meristemoid into the guard mother cell. When heterozygous in an er/erl1 null background%2C plants are female sterile due to cell division defect in the integuments.
Encodes a putative apoplastic peroxidase Prx37. Primarily expressed in the vascular bundles. Overexpression renders a dwarf phenotype with smaller plants and delayed development. Plants overexpressing Prx37 also shows an increase in the amount of esterified phenolic material associated with their walls.
Encodes a member of the Centrin family. Mutants are hypersensitive to UV and prone to UV induced DNA damage. Based on sequence similarity and mutant phenotype CEN2 is thought to be involved in nucelotide excision repair/DNA repair.
Leucine-rich repeat protein kinase family protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: protein serine/threonine kinase activity%2C kinase activity%2C ATP binding%3B INVOLVED IN: transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway%2C protein amino acid phosphorylation%3B LOCATED IN: endomembrane system%3B EXPRESSED IN: root%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein kinase%2C ATP binding site (InterPro:IPR017441)%2C Protein kinase%2C catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719)%2C Leucine-rich repeat (InterPro:IPR001611)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR017442)%2C Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase%2C active site (InterPro:IPR008271)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Leucine-rich repeat protein kinase family protein (TAIR:AT2G28990.1)%3B Has 169810 Blast hits to 124514 proteins in 4517 species: Archae - 105%3B Bacteria - 13883%3B Metazoa - 45515%3B Fungi - 10149%3B Plants - 80466%3B Viruses - 403%3B Other Eukaryotes - 19289 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encode CYCD3%3B2%2C a CYCD3 D-type cyclin. Important for determining cell number in developing lateral organs. Mediating cytokinin effects in apical growth and development.
"The developmental process in which the size or shape of a cell is generated and organized." [GOC:clt, GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb]
3.16e-02
peroxidase activity
molecular_function
"Catalysis of the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.7]
1.34e-02
extracellular region
cellular_component
"The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite." [GOC:go_curators]
3.14e-02
extracellular space
cellular_component
"That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid." [ISBN:0198547684]
3.16e-02
vacuole
cellular_component
"A closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. Cells contain one or several vacuoles, that may have different functions from each other. Vacuoles have a diverse array of functions. They can act as a storage organelle for nutrients or waste products, as a degradative compartment, as a cost-effective way of increasing cell size, and as a homeostatic regulator controlling both turgor pressure and pH of the cytosol." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198506732]
3.16e-02
chitin binding
molecular_function
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732]
3.16e-02
anatomical structure morphogenesis
biological_process
"The process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0521436125]
3.16e-02
response to hormone
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hormone stimulus." [GOC:jl]
1.34e-02
response to cytokinin
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cytokinin stimulus." [GOC:jl]
3.16e-02
multidimensional cell growth
biological_process
"The process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size in two or three [spatial] dimensions or along two or three axes." [ISBN:0943088399]
1.34e-02
unidimensional cell growth
biological_process
"The process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size in one [spatial] dimension or along one axis, resulting in the morphogenesis of the cell." [ISBN:0943088399]
1.34e-02
plant-type cell wall modification
biological_process
"The series of events leading to chemical and structural alterations of an existing cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall that can result in loosening, increased extensibility or disassembly. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:lr, GOC:mtg_sensu]
3.70e-02
plant-type cell wall loosening
biological_process
"The series of events causing chemical and structural alterations of an existing cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall that results in greater extensibility of the wall. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:lr, GOC:mtg_sensu]
1.04e-02
auxin homeostasis
biological_process
"A homeostatic process that maintains an endogenous steady-state concentration of primary auxin, or constant level of auxin in a biological system, by a number of biochemical processes including transport, biosynthesis, catabolism and conjugation." [http://diss-epsilon.slu.se/archive/00000215/]
3.45e-02
stomatal complex development
biological_process
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the stomatal complex over time from its formation to the mature structure. The stomatal complex is the stomatal guard cells and their associated epidermal cells." [PMID:17259259]
1.34e-02
cell growth
biological_process
"The process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size over time by accretion and biosynthetic production of matter similar to that already present." [GOC:ai]
3.16e-02
killing of cells of other organism
biological_process
"Any process in an organism that results in the killing of cells of another organism, including in some cases the death of the other organism. Killing here refers to the induction of death in one cell by another cell, not cell-autonomous death due to internal or other environmental conditions." [GOC:add]
4.21e-02
growth
biological_process
"The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell." [GOC:bf, GOC:ma]
3.16e-02
indole glucosinolate metabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of indole glucosinolates. Glucosinolates are sulfur-containing compounds that have a common structure linked to an R group derived from tryptophan; indoles are biologically active substances based on 2,3-benzopyrrole, formed during the catabolism of tryptophan." [http://www.onelook.com/]
3.70e-02
cell wall modification
biological_process
"The series of events leading to chemical and structural alterations of an existing cell wall that can result in loosening, increased extensibility or disassembly." [GOC:jl]
1.63e-02
cell wall modification involved in multidimensional cell growth
biological_process
"The series of events resulting in chemical or structural changes to existing cell walls and contribute to multidimensional cell growth." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb]
8.86e-03
developmental growth
biological_process
"The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell, where the increase in size or mass has the specific outcome of the progression of the organism over time from one condition to another." [GOC:go_curators]
3.16e-02
response to stimulus
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism." [GOC:ai, GOC:bf]
3.16e-02
developmental growth involved in morphogenesis
biological_process
"The increase in size or mass of an anatomical structure that contributes to the structure attaining its shape." [GOC:dph]
1.83e-02
reactive oxygen species metabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving a reactive oxygen species, any molecules or ions formed by the incomplete one-electron reduction of oxygen. They contribute to the microbicidal activity of phagocytes, regulation of signal transduction and gene expression, and the oxidative damage to biopolymers." [CHEBI:26523, GOC:mah]
