|
GO:0000008
|
0 |
obsolete thioredoxin |
"OBSOLETE. A small disulfide-containing redox protein that serves as a general protein disulfide oxidoreductase. Interacts with a broad range of proteins by a redox mechanism, based on the reversible oxidation of 2 cysteine thiol groups to a disulfide, accompanied by the transfer of 2 electrons and 2 protons. The net result is the covalent interconversion of a disulfide and a dithiol." [GOC:kd] |
|
GO:0000010
|
0 |
trans-hexaprenyltranstransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-hexaprenyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate = all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate + diphosphate." [KEGG:R05612, RHEA:20839] |
|
GO:0000012
|
0 |
single strand break repair |
"The repair of single strand breaks in DNA. Repair of such breaks is mediated by the same enzyme systems as are used in base excision repair." [http://www.ultranet.com/~jkimball/BiologyPages/D/DNArepair.html] |
|
GO:0000015
|
0 |
phosphopyruvate hydratase complex |
"A multimeric enzyme complex, usually a dimer or an octamer, that catalyzes the conversion of 2-phospho-D-glycerate to phosphoenolpyruvate and water." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0000028
|
16 |
ribosomal small subunit assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of constituent RNAs and proteins to form the small ribosomal subunit." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0000030
|
0 |
mannosyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a mannosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [GOC:ai, GOC:cjm] |
|
GO:0000032
|
1 |
cell wall mannoprotein biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cell wall mannoproteins, any cell wall protein that contains covalently bound mannose residues." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0000035
|
0 |
acyl binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an acyl group, any group formally derived by removal of the hydroxyl group from the acid function of a carboxylic acid." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0000041
|
51 |
transition metal ion transport |
"The directed movement of transition metal ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0000042
|
4 |
protein targeting to Golgi |
"The process of directing proteins towards the Golgi; usually uses signals contained within the protein." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0000045
|
29 |
autophagosome assembly |
"The formation of a double membrane-bounded structure, the autophagosome, that occurs when a specialized membrane sac, called the isolation membrane, starts to enclose a portion of the cytoplasm." [GOC:autophagy, PMID:9412464] |
|
GO:0000050
|
1 |
urea cycle |
"The sequence of reactions by which arginine is synthesized from ornithine, then cleaved to yield urea and regenerate ornithine. The overall reaction equation is NH3 + CO2 + aspartate + 3 ATP + 2 H2O = urea + fumarate + 2 ADP + 2 phosphate + AMP + diphosphate." [GOC:pde, GOC:vw, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0000056
|
2 |
ribosomal small subunit export from nucleus |
"The directed movement of a ribosomal small subunit from the nucleus into the cytoplasm." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0000070
|
56 |
mitotic sister chromatid segregation |
"The cell cycle process in which replicated homologous chromosomes are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two sets during the mitotic cell cycle. Each replicated chromosome, composed of two sister chromatids, aligns at the cell equator, paired with its homologous partner. One homolog of each morphologic type goes into each of the resulting chromosome sets." [GOC:ai, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0000102
|
0 |
L-methionine secondary active transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of L-methionine from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:mtg_transport] |
|
GO:0000112
|
0 |
nucleotide-excision repair factor 3 complex |
"One of several protein complexes involved in nucleotide-excision repair; possesses endodeoxynuclease and DNA helicase activities. In S. cerevisiae, it is composed of Rad2p and the core TFIIH-Ssl2p complex (core TFIIH is composed of Rad3p, Tfb1p, Tfb2p, Ssl1p, Tfb4p and Tfb5p. Note that Ssl2p is also called Rad25p)." [GOC:ew, PMID:10915862, PMID:14500720, PMID:7813015] |
|
GO:0000124
|
0 |
SAGA complex |
"A SAGA-type histone acetyltransferase complex that contains Spt8 (in budding yeast) or a homolog thereof; additional polypeptides include Spt group, consisting of Spt7, Spt3, and Spt20/Ada5, which interact with the TATA-binding protein (TBP); the Ada group, consisting of Ada1, Ada2, Ada3, Ada4/Gcn5, and Ada5/Spt20, which is functionally linked to the nucleosomal HAT activity; Tra1, an ATM/PI-3 kinase-related protein that targets DNA-bound activators for recruitment to promoters; the TBP-associated factor (TAF) proteins, consisting of Taf5, Taf6, Taf9, Taf10, and Taf12, which mediate nucleosomal HAT activity and are thought to help recruit the basal transcription machinery." [PMID:10637607, PMID:17337012] |
|
GO:0000144
|
0 |
cellular bud neck septin ring |
"A ring-shaped structure that forms at the site of cytokinesis in the bud neck of a budding cell; composed of members of the conserved family of filament forming proteins called septins as well as septin-associated proteins. In S. cerevisiae, this structure forms at the time of bud emergence and the septins show a high rate of exchange." [GOC:krc, PMID:16009555] |
|
GO:0000145
|
0 |
exocyst |
"A protein complex peripherally associated with the plasma membrane that determines where vesicles dock and fuse. At least eight complex components are conserved between yeast and mammals." [PMID:9700152] |
|
GO:0000146
|
0 |
microfilament motor activity |
"Catalysis of movement along a microfilament, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0000154
|
21 |
rRNA modification |
"The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an rRNA molecule to produce an rRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0000156
|
0 |
phosphorelay response regulator activity |
"Responds to a phosphorelay sensor to initiate a change in cell state or activity. The activity of the response regulator is regulated by transfer of a phosphate from a histidine residue in the sensor, to an aspartate residue in the response regulator. Many but not all response regulators act as transcriptional regulators to elicit a response." [GOC:bf, PMID:10966457, PMID:11842140] |
|
GO:0000181
|
0 |
obsolete cytosolic small ribosomal subunit |
"OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0000184
|
11 |
nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, nonsense-mediated decay |
"The nonsense-mediated decay pathway for nuclear-transcribed mRNAs degrades mRNAs in which an amino-acid codon has changed to a nonsense codon; this prevents the translation of such mRNAs into truncated, and potentially harmful, proteins." [GOC:krc, GOC:ma, PMID:10025395] |
|
GO:0000196
|
0 |
MAPK cascade involved in cell wall organization or biogenesis |
"A MAPK cascade that contributes to cell wall organization or biogenesis." [PMID:9561267] |
|
GO:0000197
|
0 |
activation of MAPKKK activity involved in cell wall organization or biogenesis |
"Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase kinase kinase in the context of cell wall organization or biogenesis." [PMID:9561267] |
|
GO:0000198
|
0 |
activation of MAPKK activity involved in cell wall organization or biogenesis |
"Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase kinase in the context of cell wall organization or biogenesis." [PMID:9561267] |
|
GO:0000199
|
0 |
activation of MAPK activity involved in cell wall organization or biogenesis |
"Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme MAP kinase in the context of cell wall biogenesis, the assembly and arrangement of the cell wall, the rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal and most prokaryotic cells." [PMID:9561267] |
|
GO:0000200
|
0 |
inactivation of MAPK activity involved in cell wall organization or biogenesis |
"Any process that terminates the activity of the active enzyme MAP kinase in the context of cell wall organization or biogenesis." [PMID:9561267] |
|
GO:0000201
|
0 |
MAPK import into nucleus involved in cell wall organization or biogenesis |
"The directed movement of a MAP kinase to the nucleus that occurs in the context of cell wall organization or biogenesis." [PMID:9561267] |
|
GO:0000213
|
0 |
tRNA-intron endonuclease activity |
"Catalysis of the endonucleolytic cleavage of pre-tRNA, producing 5'-hydroxyl and 2',3'-cyclic phosphate termini, and specifically removing the intron." [EC:3.1.27.9] |
|
GO:0000214
|
0 |
tRNA-intron endonuclease complex |
"A protein complex that catalyzes the endonucleolytic cleavage of pre-tRNA, producing 5'-hydroxyl and 2',3'-cyclic phosphate termini, and specifically removing the intron." [EC:3.1.27.9] |
|
GO:0000227
|
0 |
oxaloacetate secondary active transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of oxaloacetate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:mtg_transport] |
|
GO:0000235
|
0 |
astral microtubule |
"Any of the spindle microtubules that radiate in all directions from the spindle poles and are thought to contribute to the forces that separate the poles and position them in relation to the rest of the cell." [ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0000242
|
0 |
pericentriolar material |
"A network of small fibers that surrounds the centrioles in cells; contains the microtubule nucleating activity of the centrosome." [GOC:clt, ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0000255
|
0 |
allantoin metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving allantoin, (2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)urea, an intermediate or end product of purine catabolism." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0000256
|
0 |
allantoin catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of allantoin, (2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)urea." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0000265
|
0 |
obsolete heterotrimeric G-protein GTPase, gamma-subunit |
"OBSOLETE. Smallest subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein GTPase; associates tightly with the beta subunit." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0000270
|
4 |
peptidoglycan metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving peptidoglycans, any of a class of glycoconjugates found only in bacterial cell walls and consisting of strands of glycosaminoglycan cross-linked by oligopeptides to form a huge and rigid network." [http://www.dsmz.de/species/murein.htm, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0000271
|
57 |
polysaccharide biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a polysaccharide, a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically." [CHEBI:18154, GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0000272
|
7 |
polysaccharide catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a polysaccharide, a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically." [CHEBI:18154, GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0000275
|
0 |
mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, catalytic core F(1) |
"The catalytic sector of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase; it comprises the catalytic core and central stalk, and is peripherally associated with the mitochondrial inner membrane when the entire ATP synthase is assembled." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10838056] |
|
GO:0000276
|
0 |
mitochondrial proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) |
"All non-F1 subunits of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral mitochondrial inner membrane proteins." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10838056] |
|
GO:0000278
|
331 |
mitotic cell cycle |
"Progression through the phases of the mitotic cell cycle, the most common eukaryotic cell cycle, which canonically comprises four successive phases called G1, S, G2, and M and includes replication of the genome and the subsequent segregation of chromosomes into daughter cells. In some variant cell cycles nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division, or G1 and G2 phases may be absent." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194, Reactome:69278] |
|
GO:0000301
|
8 |
retrograde transport, vesicle recycling within Golgi |
"The retrograde movement of substances within the Golgi, mediated by COP I vesicles. Cis-Golgi vesicles are constantly moving forward through the Golgi stack by cisternal progression, eventually becoming trans-Golgi vesicles. They then selectively transport membrane and luminal proteins from the trans- to the medial-Golgi while leaving others behind in the trans-Golgi cisternae; similarly, they selectively move proteins from the medial- to the cis-Golgi." [ISBN:0716731363] |
|
GO:0000312
|
0 |
plastid small ribosomal subunit |
"The smaller of the two subunits of a plastid ribosome." [GOC:mcc] |
|
GO:0000314
|
0 |
organellar small ribosomal subunit |
"The smaller of the two subunits of an organellar ribosome." [GOC:mcc] |
|
GO:0000322
|
0 |
storage vacuole |
"A vacuole that functions primarily in the storage of materials, including nutrients, pigments, waste products, and small molecules." [GOC:krc] |
|
GO:0000324
|
0 |
fungal-type vacuole |
"A vacuole that has both lytic and storage functions. The fungal vacuole is a large, membrane-bounded organelle that functions as a reservoir for the storage of small molecules (including polyphosphate, amino acids, several divalent cations (e.g. calcium), other ions, and other small molecules) as well as being the primary compartment for degradation. It is an acidic compartment, containing an ensemble of acid hydrolases. At least in S. cerevisiae, there are indications that the morphology of the vacuole is variable and correlated with the cell cycle, with logarithmically growing cells having a multilobed, reticulated vacuole, while stationary phase cells contain a single large structure." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0879693649] |
|
GO:0000331
|
0 |
contractile vacuole |
"A specialized vacuole of eukaryotic cells, especially Protozoa, that fills with water from the cytoplasm and then discharges this externally by the opening of contractile vacuole pores. Its function is probably osmoregulatory." [GOC:jl, PMID:10503189] |
|
GO:0000340
|
0 |
RNA 7-methylguanosine cap binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the 7-methylguanosine group added cotranscriptionally to the 5' end of RNA molecules transcribed by polymerase II." [GOC:krc] |
|
GO:0000341
|
0 |
RNA trimethylguanosine cap binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the trimethylguanosine (m(3)(2,2,7)-GTP) group located at the 5' end of some RNA molecules. Such trimethylated cap structures, generally produced by posttranscriptional modification of a 7-methylguanosine cap, are often found on snRNAs and snoRNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase II, but have also be found on snRNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase III. They have also been found on a subset of the mRNA population in some species, e.g. C. elegans." [GOC:krc] |
|
GO:0000345
|
0 |
cytosolic DNA-directed RNA polymerase complex |
"The eubacterial DNA-directed RNA polymerase is a multisubunit complex with a core composed of the essential subunits beta-prime, beta, and two copies of alpha and a fifth nonessential subunit called omega. An additional subunit, a sigma factor, is required for promoter recognition and specificity." [PMID:11158566] |
|
GO:0000352
|
0 |
trans assembly of SL-containing precatalytic spliceosome |
"Assembly of a spliceosomal complex containing the SL RNA and the pre-mRNA to be joined, as well as all the spliceosomal snRNPs involved in trans leader splicing. Formation of the trans leader spliceosome brings together the quadruple SL/U4/U5/U6 snRNP and the complex of the U2 snRNP with the splice site of the pre-mRNA." [GOC:krc, GOC:mtg_mpo, ISBN:0879695897] |
|
GO:0000354
|
0 |
cis assembly of pre-catalytic spliceosome |
"Assembly of a spliceosomal complex containing the intact pre-mRNA and all of the spliceosomal snRNPs. This occurs when the tri-snRNP associates with the pre-mRNA and associated snRNPs in an ATP-dependent manner." [GOC:krc, GOC:mtg_mpo, ISBN:0879695897] |
|
GO:0000372
|
0 |
Group I intron splicing |
"The splicing of Group I introns. This occurs by a ribozymic mechanism where the intron sequence forms a distinct 3D structure, characteristic of Group I introns and involved in determining the locations of the splice sites (there do not appear to be consensus splice site sequences) as well as having a role in catalyzing the splicing reactions, though protein factors are also required in vivo. Splicing occurs by a series of two transesterification reactions, generally with exogenous guanosine as the initiating nucleophile. The intron is excised as a linear piece (though it may subsequently circularize)." [GOC:krc, PMID:11377794] |
|
GO:0000373
|
0 |
Group II intron splicing |
"The splicing of Group II introns. This occurs by a ribozymic mechanism where the intron sequence forms a distinct 3D structure, characteristic of Group II introns and containing splice site consensus sequences, that is involved in catalyzing the splicing reactions, though protein factors are also required in vivo. Splicing occurs by a series of two transesterification reactions (mechanistically similar to those for splicing of nuclear mRNAs) initiated by a bulged adenosine residue within the intron sequence as the initiating nucleophile. The intron is excised as a lariat." [GOC:krc, PMID:11377794] |
|
GO:0000374
|
0 |
Group III intron splicing |
"The splicing of Group III introns. This occurs by a ribozymic mechanism where the intron sequence forms a distinct 3D structure, characteristic of Group III introns, that is involved in catalyzing the splicing reactions, though protein factors are also required in vivo. Splicing occurs by a series of two transesterification reactions begun by a bulged adenosine residue within the intron sequence as the initiating nucleophile. The intron is excised as a lariat. Though very similar in structure and mechanism to Group II introns, Group III introns are smaller and more streamlined and the splice site consensus sequences are not as well conserved." [GOC:krc, PMID:11377794] |
|
GO:0000408
|
0 |
EKC/KEOPS complex |
"A protein complex involved in t6A tRNA modification; originally proposed to be involved in transcription as well as promoting telomere uncapping and telomere elongation. For example, in Saccharomyces cerevisiae the complex contains Bud32p, Kae1p, Gon7p, Cgi121p, and Pcc1p." [GOC:elh, GOC:vw, PMID:16564010, PMID:16874308, PMID:21183954, PMID:23945934] |
|
GO:0000419
|
0 |
DNA-directed RNA polymerase V complex |
"RNA polymerase V is a multisubunit RNA polymerase complex found in the nucleus of plants and involved in accumulation of siRNAs and in DNA methylation-dependent silencing of endogenous repeated sequences. Pol V is composed of subunits that are paralogous or identical to the 12 subunits of Pol II. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The second largest subunit is also found in RNA polymerase IVa, while the largest subunit is found only in the IVa complex and contains an extended C-terminal domain (CTD) that includes multiple repeats of a 16 amino-acid consensus sequence as well as other sequences. The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits." [GOC:krc, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:16140984, PMID:19110459] |
|
GO:0000447
|
4 |
endonucleolytic cleavage in ITS1 to separate SSU-rRNA from 5.8S rRNA and LSU-rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Endonucleolytic cleavage between the SSU-rRNA and the 5.8S rRNA of an rRNA molecule originally produced as a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contained the Small SubUnit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, and the Large SubUnit (LSU) rRNA, in that order, from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript." [GOC:curators, PMID:10690410] |
|
GO:0000448
|
1 |
cleavage in ITS2 between 5.8S rRNA and LSU-rRNA of tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Endonucleolytic cleavage within ITS2 between the 5.8S rRNA and the LSU-rRNA of an rRNA molecule originally produced as a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contained the Small SubUnit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, and the Large SubUnit (LSU) rRNA, in that order, from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript." [GOC:curators, PMID:10690410] |
|
GO:0000449
|
0 |
endonucleolytic cleavage of tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA, 5S) |
"Endonucleolytic cleavage of a pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, the Large Subunit (LSU) rRNA, and the 5S rRNA, in that order, from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. For example, primary ribosomal RNA transcripts containing three genes, in this order, are produced in E. coli and other prokaryotic species. Note that the use of the word tricistronic refers only to the number of mature rRNA molecules which will be produced from the primary transcript and ignores tRNAs that may also be present within the primary transcript." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0000450
|
0 |
cleavage of bicistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Endonucleolytic cleavage of pre-rRNAs originally produced as a bicistronic rRNA transcript that contains the SSU-rRNA and the LSU-rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. Primary ribosomal RNA transcripts with two genes in this order are produced in Archaeal species." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0000457
|
0 |
endonucleolytic cleavage between SSU-rRNA and LSU-rRNA of tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA, 5S) |
"Endonucleolytic cleavage to separate a pre-SSU-rRNA from a pre-LSU-rRNA originally produced as a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, the Large Subunit (LSU) rRNA, and the 5S rRNA, in that order, from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. Note that the use of the word tricistronic refers only to the number of mature rRNA molecules which will be produced from the primary transcript and ignores tRNAs that may also be present within the primary transcript." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0000458
|
0 |
endonucleolytic cleavage between LSU-rRNA and 5S rRNA of tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA, 5S) |
"Endonucleolytic cleavage to separate a pre-LSU-rRNA from a pre-5S rRNA originally produced as a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, the Large Subunit (LSU) rRNA, and the 5S rRNA, in that order, from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. Note that the use of the word tricistronic refers only to the number of mature rRNA molecules which will be produced from the primary transcript and ignores tRNAs that may also be present within the primary transcript." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0000461
|
2 |
endonucleolytic cleavage to generate mature 3'-end of SSU-rRNA from (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Endonucleolytic cleavage at the 3'-end of the SSU-rRNA from an originally tricistronic rRNA transcript that contained the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, and the Large Subunit (LSU) rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript, to produce the mature end of the SSU-rRNA." [GOC:krc, PMID:10690410] |
|
GO:0000462
|
35 |
maturation of SSU-rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Small SubUnit (SSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature SSU-rRNA molecule from the pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, and the Large Subunit (LSU) in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0000463
|
8 |
maturation of LSU-rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Large SubUnit (LSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature LSU-rRNA molecule from the pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, and Large Subunit (LSU) in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0000464
|
0 |
endonucleolytic cleavage in ITS1 upstream of 5.8S rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Endonucleolytic cleavage within Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 (ITS1) upstream of the 5.8S rRNA derived from an originally tricistronic rRNA transcript that contained the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, and the Large Subunit (LSU) rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. In S. cerevisiae, this endonucleolytic cleavage within ITS1 initiates the maturation of the LSU and the 5.8S rRNAs." [GOC:krc, PMID:10690410] |
|
GO:0000465
|
0 |
exonucleolytic trimming to generate mature 5'-end of 5.8S rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Exonucleolytic digestion of a pre-rRNA molecule to generate the mature 5'-end of a 5.8S rRNA molecule derived from an originally tricistronic pre-rRNA transcript that contained the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, and the Large Subunit (LSU) rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript." [GOC:krc, PMID:10690410] |
|
GO:0000466
|
18 |
maturation of 5.8S rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Any process involved in the maturation of an rRNA molecule originally produced as part of a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contained the Small SubUnit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, and the Large SubUnit (LSU) rRNA, in that order, from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript." [GOC:curators, PMID:10690410] |
|
GO:0000467
|
9 |
exonucleolytic trimming to generate mature 3'-end of 5.8S rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Exonucleolytic digestion of a pre-rRNA molecule to generate the mature 3'-end of a 5.8S rRNA molecule derived from an originally tricistronic pre-rRNA transcript that contained the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, and the Large Subunit (LSU) rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript." [GOC:krc, PMID:10690410] |
|
GO:0000468
|
0 |
generation of mature 3'-end of LSU-rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Any process involved in generating the mature 3'-end of an LSU-rRNA derived from a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contained the Small SubUnit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, and the Large SubUnit (LSU) rRNA, in that order, from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript." [GOC:krc, PMID:10690410] |
|
GO:0000471
|
0 |
endonucleolytic cleavage in 3'-ETS of tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Endonucleolytic cleavage within the 3'-External Transcribed Spacer (ETS) of a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, and the Large Subunit (LSU) rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. In S. cerevisiae, endonucleolytic cleavage within the 3'-ETS of the pre-RNA, which may occur cotranscriptionally, is the first step in rRNA processing, and initiates a cascade of subsequent processing and modification events." [GOC:krc, PMID:10690410] |
|
GO:0000472
|
1 |
endonucleolytic cleavage to generate mature 5'-end of SSU-rRNA from (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Endonucleolytic cleavage between the 5'-External Transcribed Spacer (5'-ETS) and the 5' end of the SSU-rRNA of a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, and the Large Subunit (LSU) rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript, to produce the mature end of the SSU-rRNA." [GOC:curators, PMID:10690410] |
|
GO:0000473
|
0 |
maturation of LSU-rRNA from tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, 2S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Large SubUnit (LSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature LSU-rRNA molecule from the pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, 5.8 S rRNA, 2S rRNA, and Large Subunit (LSU) in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0000474
|
0 |
maturation of SSU-rRNA from tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, 2S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Small SubUnit (SSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature SSU-rRNA molecule from the pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, 5.8 S rRNA, 2S rRNA, and Large Subunit (LSU) in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0000477
|
0 |
generation of mature 5'-end of LSU-rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Cleavage within ITS2 to generate the mature 5'-end of an LSU-rRNA derived from a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contained the Small SubUnit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, and the Large SubUnit (LSU) rRNA, in that order, from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript." [GOC:curators, PMID:10690410] |
|
GO:0000479
|
8 |
endonucleolytic cleavage of tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Endonucleolytic cleavage of a pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small SubUnit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, and the Large SubUnit (LSU) rRNA, in that order, from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. Primary ribosomal RNA transcripts with three genes, in this order, are produced in the nuclei of many eukaryotic species, including S. cerevisiae." [GOC:curators, PMID:10690410] |
|
GO:0000480
|
2 |
endonucleolytic cleavage in 5'-ETS of tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Endonucleolytic cleavage within the 5'-External Transcribed Spacer (ETS) of a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, and the Large Subunit (LSU) rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. Endonucleolytic cleavage within the 5'-ETS of the pre-RNA is conserved as one of the early steps of rRNA processing in all eukaryotes, but the specific position of cleavage is variable." [GOC:curators, PMID:10690410, PMID:15282326] |
|
GO:0000482
|
0 |
maturation of 5S rRNA from tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor 5S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature 5S rRNA molecule from the pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 4.5S rRNA, and the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0000483
|
0 |
endonucleolytic cleavage of tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, 2S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Endonucleolytic cleavage of a pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small SubUnit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, 2S rRNA, and the Large SubUnit (LSU) rRNA, in that order, from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. Primary ribosomal RNA transcripts with four genes, in this order, are produced in the nuclei of D. melanogaster as well as in those of other dipteran species." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0000484
|
0 |
cleavage between SSU-rRNA and 5.8S rRNA of tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, 2S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Endonucleolytic cleavage between the SSU-rRNA and the 5.8S rRNA of an rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contained the Small SubUnit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, 2S rRNA, and the Large SubUnit (LSU) rRNA, in that order, from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0000485
|
0 |
cleavage between 2S rRNA and LSU-rRNA of tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, 2S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Endonucleolytic cleavage between the LSU-rRNA and the 2S rRNA of an rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contained the Small SubUnit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, 2S rRNA, and the Large SubUnit (LSU) rRNA, in that order, from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript." [GOC:curators, PMID:768488] |
|
GO:0000486
|
0 |
cleavage between 5.8S rRNA and 2S rRNA of tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, 2S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Endonucleolytic cleavage between the 5.8S rRNA and the 2S rRNA of an rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contained the Small SubUnit (SSU) rRNA, the 5.8S rRNA, 2S rRNA, and the Large SubUnit (LSU) rRNA, in that order, from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript." [GOC:curators, PMID:768488] |
|
GO:0000487
|
0 |
maturation of 5.8S rRNA from tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, 5.8S rRNA, 2S rRNA, LSU-rRNA) |
"Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor 5.8S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature 5.8S rRNA molecule from the pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, the 8.8S rRNA, the 2S rRNA, and the Large Subunit (LSU) in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0000488
|
0 |
maturation of LSU-rRNA from tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA, 4.5S-rRNA, 5S-rRNA) |
"Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Large SubUnit (LSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature LSU-rRNA molecule from the pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 4.5S rRNA, and the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0000489
|
0 |
maturation of SSU-rRNA from tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA, 4.5S-rRNA, 5S-rRNA) |
"Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Small SubUnit (SSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature SSU-rRNA molecule from the pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 4.5S rRNA, and the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0000491
|
4 |
small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complex assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and a snoRNA to form a small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein (snoRNP) complex." [GOC:krc] |
|
GO:0000492
|
4 |
box C/D snoRNP assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and a box C/D snoRNA to form a box C/D small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein (snoRNP) complex." [GOC:krc] |
|
GO:0000493
|
0 |
box H/ACA snoRNP assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and a box H/ACA snoRNA to form a box H/ACA small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein (snoRNP) complex." [GOC:krc, PMID:12515383] |
|
GO:0000501
|
0 |
flocculation via cell wall protein-carbohydrate interaction |
"The reversible, non-sexual aggregation of cells mediated by the binding of proteins in the cell wall of one cell to carbohydrates in the cell wall of another cell. An example of this process is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, in which it is pH- and calcium-dependent." [GOC:mcc, GOC:sgd_curators, GOC:vw, PMID:21114594] |
|
GO:0000701
|
0 |
purine-specific mismatch base pair DNA N-glycosylase activity |
"Catalysis of the removal of purines present in mismatches, especially opposite oxidized purines, by cleaving the N-C1' glycosidic bond between the target damaged DNA base and the deoxyribose sugar. The reaction releases a free base and leaves an apurinic (AP) site." [GOC:elh, PMID:9224623] |
|
GO:0000710
|
5 |
meiotic mismatch repair |
"A system for the identification and correction of base-base mismatches, small insertion-deletion loops, and regions of heterology that are present in duplex DNA formed with strands from two recombining molecules. Correction of the mismatch can result in non-Mendelian segregation of alleles following meiosis." [GOC:elh, PMID:10357855] |
|
GO:0000716
|
0 |
transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage recognition |
"The identification of lesions on the actively transcribed strand of the DNA duplex as well as a small subset of lesions not recognized by the general nucleotide-excision repair pathway." [GOC:elh, PMID:10197977] |
|
GO:0000720
|
0 |
pyrimidine dimer repair by nucleotide-excision repair |
"The repair of UV-induced T-T, C-T, and C-C dimers by the recognition and removal of the damaged DNA strand from the DNA helix as an oligonucleotide. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase." [GOC:elh] |
|
GO:0000728
|
0 |
gene conversion at mating-type locus, DNA double-strand break formation |
"The site-specific endonucleolytic cleavage of DNA at the mating-type locus which initiates the conversion of one mating-type allele to another." [GOC:elh, PMID:7646483] |
|
GO:0000746
|
0 |
conjugation |
"The union or introduction of genetic information from compatible mating types that results in a genetically different individual. Conjugation requires direct cellular contact between the organisms." [GOC:elh] |
|
GO:0000755
|
0 |
cytogamy |
"During conjugation with cellular fusion, the process resulting in creating a single cell from complementary mating types. The localized remodeling and dissolution of external protective structures allow the fusion of the plasma membranes and cytoplasmic mixing. An example of this process is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." [GOC:elh] |
|
GO:0000762
|
0 |
pheromone-induced unidirectional conjugation |
"The process of unidirectional (polarized) transfer of genetic information in response to a pheromone. It involves direct cellular contact between a donor and recipient cell; the contact is followed by the formation of a cellular bridge that physically connects the cells; some or all of the chromosome(s) of one cell ('male') is then transferred into the other cell ('female'); unidirectional conjugation occurs between cells of different mating types." [GOC:elh] |
|
GO:0000793
|
0 |
condensed chromosome |
"A highly compacted molecule of DNA and associated proteins resulting in a cytologically distinct structure." [GOC:elh] |
|
GO:0000794
|
0 |
condensed nuclear chromosome |
"A highly compacted molecule of DNA and associated proteins resulting in a cytologically distinct nuclear chromosome." [GOC:elh] |
|
GO:0000804
|
0 |
W chromosome |
"The sex chromosome present in females of species in which the female is the heterogametic sex; generally, the sex chromosome that pairs with the Z chromosome in the heterogametic sex. The W chromosome is absent from the cells of males and present in one copy in the somatic cells of females." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0321000382] |
|
GO:0000806
|
0 |
Y chromosome |
"The sex chromosome present in males of species in which the male is the heterogametic sex; generally, the sex chromosome that pairs with the X chromosome in the heterogametic sex. The Y chromosome is absent from the cells of females and present in one copy in the somatic cells of males." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0582227089] |
|
GO:0000819
|
67 |
sister chromatid segregation |
"The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets." [GOC:ai, GOC:elh] |
|
GO:0000934
|
0 |
porous cell septum |
"A septum or cross wall which does not entirely span the space between two portions of cell wall and may contain a specialized central pore structure. A porous septum allows the movement of organelles and/or cytoplasm between compartments." [GOC:clt] |
|
GO:0000914
|
0 |
phragmoplast assembly |
"The formation of a structure composed of actin, myosin, and associated proteins that will function in cytokinesis in cells that perform cytokinesis by cell plate formation. The structure usually contains antiparallel microtubules and membrane (often visible as vesicles)." [GOC:clt] |
|
GO:0000916
|
3 |
actomyosin contractile ring contraction |
"The process of an actomyosin ring getting smaller in diameter, in the context of cytokinesis that takes place as part of a cell cycle." [GOC:clt, GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0000919
|
0 |
cell plate assembly |
"The process of assembly, maturation, and growth of the cell plate to the cell periphery in cells that divide by cell plate formation; often involves deposition of cell wall material in and around the phragmoplast." [GOC:clt] |
|
GO:0000920
|
0 |
cell separation after cytokinesis |
"The process of physically separating progeny cells after cytokinesis; this may involve enzymatic digestion of septum or cell wall components." [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle, GOC:TermGenie] |
|
GO:0000922
|
0 |
spindle pole |
"Either of the ends of a spindle, where spindle microtubules are organized; usually contains a microtubule organizing center and accessory molecules, spindle microtubules and astral microtubules." [GOC:clt] |
|
GO:0000924
|
0 |
gamma-tubulin ring complex, centrosomal |
"A centrosome-localized multiprotein complex composed of gamma-tubulin and other non-tubulin proteins assembled into a ring structure that is thought to be the unit of nucleation at the minus end of a microtubule. Gamma-tubulin small complexes are thought to be the core repeating units of the ring." [GOC:clt, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:12134075, PMID:17021256] |
|
GO:0000927
|
0 |
gamma-tubulin small complex, centrosomal |
"A centrosomal complex usually comprising two gamma-tubulin molecules, at least two conserved non-tubulin proteins that multimerize along with additional non-tubulin proteins in animal cells into larger functional complexes. Gamma-tubulin small complexes are thought to be the repeating unit making up the core of the gamma-tubulin ring complex. An example of this structure is found in Mus musculus." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:12134075] |
|
GO:0000928
|
0 |
gamma-tubulin small complex, spindle pole body |
"A complex composed of two gamma-tubulin molecules and conserved non-tubulin proteins located in the spindle pole body and isolated by fractionation from cells. The complex, approximately 6S-9S, is analogous to the small complex in animal cells but contains fewer subunits, and is not thought to multimerize into larger functional units, like complexes in those organisms. An example of this structure is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:12134075] |
|
GO:0000931
|
0 |
gamma-tubulin large complex |
"A complex of gamma tubulin and associated proteins thought to be formed by multimerization of gamma-tubulin small complexes. An example of this structure is found in Schizosaccharomyces pombe." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:12134075] |
|
GO:0000935
|
0 |
barrier septum |
"A septum which spans a cell and does not allow exchange of organelles or cytoplasm between compartments." [GOC:clt] |
|
GO:0000937
|
0 |
dolipore septum |
"A septum, or cross-wall, between two portions of a cell or hypha; contains a central pore around which the septum is swollen to form a barrel-shaped structure; pore is covered on each side of the septum by a septal pore cap (parenthosome)." [GOC:clt] |
|
GO:0000945
|
0 |
base pairing with snRNA |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with small nuclear ribonucleic acid (snRNA) via hydrogen bonds between the bases of a gene product molecule and the bases of a target snRNA molecule." [GOC:krc] |
|
GO:0000947
|
0 |
amino acid catabolic process to alcohol via Ehrlich pathway |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving the catabolism of amino acids to produce alcohols with one carbon less than the starting amino acid. In S. cerevisiae, this is known to occur for leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan. Often referred to as the Ehrlich pathway, these reactions generally occur during fermentation to produce a variety of alcohols, often collectively referred to as fusel alcohols. Depending on the redox state of the cells, carboxylic acid derivatives may be produced instead of alcohols." [GOC:krc, PMID:18281432] |
|
GO:0000948
|
0 |
amino acid catabolic process to carboxylic acid via Ehrlich pathway |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving the catabolism of amino acids to produce carboxylic acids with one carbon less than the starting amino acid. In S. cerevisiae, this is known to occur for leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan. Often referred to as the Ehrlich pathway, these reactions generally occur during fermentation to produce a variety of carboxylic acids, sometimes collectively referred to as fusel acids. Depending on the redox state of the cells, alcohol derivatives may be produced instead of carboxylic acids." [GOC:krc, PMID:18281432] |
|
GO:0000949
|
0 |
aromatic amino acid family catabolic process to alcohol via Ehrlich pathway |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving the catabolism of aromatic amino acids to produce aromatic alcohols with one carbon less than the starting amino acid. In S. cerevisiae, this is known to occur for leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan. When an aromatic family amino acid, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan, is used as the substrate, 2-phenylethanol, 4-hydroxyphenylethanol, or tryptophol, respectively, is produced. Often referred to as the Ehrlich pathway, these reactions generally occur during fermentation to produce a variety of alcohols, often collectively referred to as fusel alcohols. Depending on the redox state of the cells, carboxylic acid derivatives may be produced instead of alcohols." [GOC:krc, PMID:18281432] |
|
GO:0000950
|
0 |
branched-chain amino acid catabolic process to alcohol via Ehrlich pathway |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving the catabolism of branched chain amino acids to produce branched chain alcohols with one carbon less than the starting amino acid. In S. cerevisiae, this is known to occur for leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan. When a branched chain family amino acid, leucine, isoleucine, or valine, is used as the substrate, 3-methylbutanol, 2-methylbutanol, or 2-methylpropanol, respectively, is produced. Often referred to as the Ehrlich pathway, these reactions generally occur during fermentation to produce a variety of alcohols, often collectively referred to as fusel alcohols. Depending on the redox state of the cells, carboxylic acid derivatives may be produced instead of alcohols." [GOC:krc, PMID:18281432] |
|
GO:0000951
|
0 |
methionine catabolic process to 3-methylthiopropanol |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving the catabolism of branched chain amino acids to produce branched chain alcohols with one carbon less than the starting amino acid. In S. cerevisiae, this is known to occur for leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan. When methionine is used as the substrate, 3-methylthiopropanol is produced. Often referred to as the Ehrlich pathway, these reactions generally occur during fermentation to produce a variety of alcohols, often collectively referred to as fusel alcohols. Depending on the redox state of the cells, carboxylic acid derivatives may be produced instead of alcohols." [GOC:krc, PMID:18281432] |
|
GO:0000952
|
0 |
aromatic amino acid family catabolic process to carboxylic acid via Ehrlich pathway |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving the catabolism of amino acids to produce carboxylic acids with one carbon less than the starting amino acid. In S. cerevisiae, this is known to occur for leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan. When an aromatic family amino acid, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan, is used as the substrate, 2-phenylethanoate, 4-hydroxyphenylethanoate, or 2-(Indol-3-yl)-ethanoate, respectively, is produced. Often referred to as the Ehrlich pathway, these reactions generally occur during fermentation to produce a variety of carboxylic acids, sometimes collectively referred to as fusel acids. Depending on the redox state of the cells, alcohol derivatives may be produced instead of carboxylic acids." [GOC:krc, PMID:18281432] |
|
GO:0000953
|
0 |
branched-chain amino acid catabolic process to carboxylic acid via Ehrlich pathway |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving the catabolism of amino acids to produce carboxylic acids with one carbon less than the starting amino acid. In S. cerevisiae, this is known to occur for leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan. When a branched chain family amino acid, leucine, isoleucine, or valine, is used as the substrate, 3-methylbutanoate, 2-methylbutanoate, or 2-methylpropanoate, respectively, is produced. Often referred to as the Ehrlich pathway, these reactions generally occur during fermentation to produce a variety of carboxylic acids, sometimes collectively referred to as fusel acids. Depending on the redox state of the cells, alcohol derivatives may be produced instead of carboxylic acids." [GOC:krc, PMID:18281432] |
|
GO:0000954
|
0 |
methionine catabolic process to 3-methylthiopropanoate |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving the catabolism of amino acids to produce carboxylic acids with one carbon less than the starting amino acid. In S. cerevisiae, this is known to occur for leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan. When methionine is used as the substrate, 3-methylthiopropanoate is produced. Often referred to as the Ehrlich pathway, these reactions generally occur during fermentation to produce a variety of carboxylic acids, sometimes collectively referred to as fusel acids. Depending on the redox state of the cells, alcohol derivatives may be produced instead of carboxylic acids." [GOC:krc, PMID:18281432] |
|
GO:0000955
|
0 |
amino acid catabolic process via Ehrlich pathway |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving the catabolism of amino acids to produce alcohols or carboxylic acids containing one carbon less than the starting amino acid. In S. cerevisiae, this is known to occur for leucine, isoleucine, valine, methionine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, or tryptophan. Often referred to as the Ehrlich pathway, these reactions generally occur during fermentation to produce a variety of alcohols, often collectively referred to as fusel alcohols. Depending on the redox state of the cells, carboxylic acid derivatives, sometimes referred to as fusel acids, may be produced instead of alcohols." [GOC:krc, PMID:18281432] |
|
GO:0000991
|
0 |
transcription factor activity, core RNA polymerase II binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II (Pol II) complex, typically composed of twelve subunits, in order to modulate transcription. A protein binding transcription factor may or may not also interact with the template nucleic acid (either DNA or RNA) as well." [GOC:txnOH] |
|
GO:0000993
|
0 |
RNA polymerase II core binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with RNA polymerase II core enzyme, a multisubunit eukaryotic nuclear RNA polymerase typically composed of twelve subunits." [GOC:txnOH] |
|
GO:0000994
|
0 |
RNA polymerase III core binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with RNA polymerase III core enzyme, a multisubunit eukaryotic nuclear RNA polymerase typically composed of seventeen subunits." [GOC:txnOH] |
|
GO:0000995
|
0 |
transcription factor activity, core RNA polymerase III binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complex, typically composed of seventeen subunits, in order to modulate transcription. A protein binding transcription factor may or may not also interact with the template nucleic acid (either DNA or RNA) as well." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:12381659] |
|
GO:0001000
|
0 |
bacterial-type RNA polymerase core enzyme binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the bacterial-type RNA polymerase core enzyme, typically consisting of two alpha, one beta, one beta prime, and one omega subunit." [GOC:txnOH] |
|
GO:0001003
|
0 |
RNA polymerase III type 2 promoter sequence-specific DNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is a part of a type 2 promoter that controls transcription by RNA polymerase III. Type 2 promoters consist of an A box and a B box downstream of the transcription start site within the sequence within the sequence of the mature RNA. Type 2 promoters are found in many tRNA genes as well as in other small RNAs." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:12381659] |
|
GO:0001009
|
0 |
transcription from RNA polymerase III type 2 promoter |
"The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template by RNA polymerase III (RNAP III), originating at a type 2 RNAP III promoter. Type 2 RNAP III promoters consist of an A box and a B box downstream of the transcription start site within the sequence within the sequence of the mature RNA. Type 2 promoters are found in many tRNA genes as well as in other small RNAs." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:12381659] |
|
GO:0001014
|
0 |
snoRNA transcription from a type 2 RNA polymerase III promoter |
"The synthesis of small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) from a DNA template by RNA polymerase III, originating at a type 2 RNA polymerase III promoter." [GOC:txnOH] |
|
GO:0001015
|
0 |
snoRNA transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter |
"The synthesis of small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) from a DNA template by RNA polymerase II, originating at an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:txnOH] |
|
GO:0001023
|
0 |
transcription initiation from RNA polymerase III type 2 promoter |
"A transcription initiation process on a type 2 RNA polymerase III (Pol III) that results in RNA synthesis by Pol III. Type 2 promoters consist of an A box and a B box downstream of the transcription start site within the sequence within the sequence of the mature RNA. Type 2 promoters are found in many tRNA genes as well as in other small RNAs." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:12381659] |
|
GO:0001026
|
0 |
TFIIIB-type transcription factor activity |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complex, typically composed of seventeen subunits, and with another protein, macromolecule, or complex, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way, Once recruited to an RNA polymerase III promoter by one or more other transcription factors, binds to DNA, recruits RNA polymerase III and facilitates the transition from the closed to the open complex." [GOC:txnOH] |
|
GO:0001027
|
0 |
RNA polymerase III type 1 promoter TFIIIB-type transcription factor activity |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complex, typically composed of seventeen subunits, and with another protein, macromolecule, or complex, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way. Once recruited to an RNA polymerase III type 1 promoter by TFIIIA-type and TFIIIC-type factors, binds to DNA, recruits RNA polymerase III and facilitates the transition from the closed to the open complex." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:12381659] |
|
GO:0001028
|
0 |
RNA polymerase III type 2 promoter TFIIIB-type transcription factor activity |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complex, typically composed of seventeen subunits, and with another protein, macromolecule, or complex, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way. Once recruited to an RNA polymerase III type 2 promoter by a TFIIIC-type factor, binds to DNA, recruits RNA polymerase III and facilitates the transition from the closed to the open complex." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:12381659] |
|
GO:0001029
|
0 |
RNA polymerase III type 3 promoter TFIIIB-type transcription factor activity |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complex, typically composed of seventeen subunits, and with another protein, macromolecule, or complex, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way. Once recruited to an RNA polymerase III type 3 promoter by SNAP-type and TFIIIC-type factors, binds to DNA, recruits RNA polymerase III and facilitates the transition from the closed to the open complex." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:12381659] |
|
GO:0001031
|
0 |
RNA polymerase III type 2 promoter DNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a region of DNA that is a part of a type 2 promoter that controls transcription by RNA polymerase III. Type 2 promoters consist of an A box and a B box downstream of the transcription start site within the sequence within the sequence of the mature RNA. Type 2 promoters are found in many tRNA genes as well as in other small RNAs." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:12381659] |
|
GO:0001040
|
0 |
RNA polymerase III hybrid type promoter TFIIIB-type transcription factor activity |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase III (Pol III) complex, typically composed of seventeen subunits, and with another protein, macromolecule, or complex, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way. Once recruited to an RNA polymerase III hybrid type promoter, binds to DNA, recruits RNA polymerase III and facilitates the transition from the closed to the open complex." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:12381659] |
|
GO:0001042
|
0 |
RNA polymerase I core binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with RNA polymerase I core enzyme, a multisubunit eukaryotic nuclear RNA polymerase typically composed of seventeen subunits." [GOC:txnOH] |
|
GO:0001052
|
0 |
plastid PEP RNA polymerase core enzyme binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the bacterial-type plastid PEP RNA polymerase core enzyme, typically consisting of two alpha, one beta, one beta prime, and one double prime subunit." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:20701995] |
|
GO:0001072
|
0 |
transcription antitermination factor activity, RNA binding |
"Binds to RNA, typically within the nascent RNA transcript, to promote readthrough of a transcription termination site and thus extending the length of the RNA transcript produced. Examples of antitermination factors which bind the nascent RNA include the lambda N protein and the HIV-1 tat protein." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:8332211] |
|
GO:0001073
|
0 |
transcription antitermination factor activity, DNA binding |
"Binds to DNA, typically within region of the promoter and transcribed region, to promote readthrough of a transcription termination site and thus extending the length of the RNA transcript produced. Examples of antitermination factors which bind DNA include the lambda Q protein." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:8332211] |
|
GO:0001099
|
0 |
basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the basal transcription machinery for RNA polymerase II which is composed of the RNA polymerase II core enzyme, a multisubunit eukaryotic nuclear RNA polymerase typically composed of twelve subunits, and the basal RNA polymerase II transcription factors, the minimal set of factors required for formation of the preinitiation complex (PIC) by the RNA polymerase." [GOC:txnOH] |
|
GO:0001104
|
0 |
RNA polymerase II transcription cofactor activity |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) regulatory transcription factor and also with the RNAP II basal transcription machinery in order to modulate transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal RNAP II transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] |
|
GO:0001105
|
0 |
RNA polymerase II transcription coactivator activity |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) regulatory transcription factor and also with the RNAP II basal transcription machinery in order to increase the frequency, rate or extent of transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between activating transcription factors and the basal RNAP II transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] |
|
GO:0001106
|
0 |
RNA polymerase II transcription corepressor activity |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II repressing transcription factor and also with the RNA polymerase II basal transcription machinery in order to stop, prevent, or reduce the frequency, rate or extent of transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between repressive transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] |
|
GO:0001109
|
0 |
promoter clearance during DNA-templated transcription |
"Any process involved in the transition from the initiation to the elongation phases of transcription by a DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, generally including a conformational change from the initiation conformation to the elongation conformation. Promoter clearance often involves breaking contact with transcription factors involved only in the initiation phase and making contacts with elongation specific factors." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:15020047, PMID:18280161] |
|
GO:0001110
|
0 |
promoter clearance from RNA polymerase III promoter |
"Any process involved in the transition from the initiation to the elongation phases of transcription by RNA polymerase III, generally including a conformational change from the initiation conformation to the elongation conformation. Promoter clearance often involves breaking contact with transcription factors involved only in the initiation phase." [GOC:txnOH] |
|
GO:0001111
|
0 |
promoter clearance from RNA polymerase II promoter |
"Any process involved in the transition from the initiation to the elongation phases of transcription by RNA polymerase II, generally including a conformational change from the initiation conformation to the elongation conformation. Promoter clearance often involves breaking contact with transcription factors involved only in the initiation phase and making contacts with elongation specific factors." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:15020047] |
|
GO:0001122
|
0 |
promoter clearance from bacterial-type RNA polymerase promoter |
"Any process involved in the transition from the initiation to the elongation phase of transcription by a bacterial-type RNA polymerase, generally including a conformational change from the initiation conformation to the elongation conformation. Promoter clearance generally involves dissociation of the sigma initiation factor." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:18280161] |
|
GO:0001128
|
0 |
RNA polymerase II transcription coactivator activity involved in preinitiation complex assembly |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) regulatory transcription factor and also with the RNAP II basal transcription machinery in order to increase the frequency, rate or stability of the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins on RNA polymerase II promoter DNA to form the transcriptional preinitiation complex (PIC). Cofactors generally do not bind DNA, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between activating transcription factors and the basal RNAP II transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:16858867] |
|
GO:0001139
|
0 |
transcription factor activity, core RNA polymerase II recruiting |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase II (Pol II) complex, typically composed of twelve subunits, and with another protein, macromolecule, or complex, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way in order to facilitate the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins on an RNA polymerase II promoter DNA to form the transcriptional preinitiation complex (PIC), the formation of which is a prerequisite for transcription by RNA polymerase." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:16858867] |
|
GO:0001150
|
0 |
bacterial-type RNA polymerase enhancer sequence-specific DNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is an enhancer region that helps activate transcription of a gene or operon by a bacterial-type RNA polymerase. Enhancers for sigma-54 holoenzymes are typically located 80 to 150 base pairs upstream from the transcription start site, although they can be further away or may be downstream of the promoter. Some transcription units dependent on sigma-70 holoenzymes may also include enhancer sequences." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:11282468, PMID:20629756] |
|
GO:0001151
|
0 |
transcription factor activity, bacterial-type RNA polymerase transcription enhancer sequence-specific binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is a bacterial-type enhancer region in order to activate transcription by bacterial-type RNA polymerase. The transcription factor may or may not also interact selectively with a protein or macromolecular complex. Enhancers for sigma-54 holoenzymes are typically located 80 to 150 base pairs upstream from the transcription start site. Some transcription units dependent on sigma-70 holoenzymes may also include enhancer sequences." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:20629756] |
|
GO:0001181
|
0 |
transcription factor activity, core RNA polymerase I binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RNA polymerase I (RNAP I) complex, typically composed of fourteen subunits, in order to modulate transcription. A protein binding transcription factor may or may not also interact with the template nucleic acid (either DNA or RNA) as well." [GOC:txnOH] |
|
GO:0001182
|
0 |
promoter clearance from RNA polymerase I promoter |
"Any process involved in the transition from the initiation to the elongation phases of transcription by RNA polymerase I, generally including a conformational change from the initiation conformation to the elongation conformation. Promoter clearance often involves breaking contact with transcription factors involved only in the initiation phase and making contacts with elongation specific factors." [GOC:txnOH] |
|
GO:0001184
|
0 |
promoter clearance from RNA polymerase I promoter for nuclear large rRNA transcript |
"Any process involved in the transition from the initiation to the elongation phases of transcription by RNA polymerase I at a promoter for the nuclear large ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcript, generally including a conformational change from the initiation conformation to the elongation conformation. Promoter clearance often involves breaking contact with transcription factors involved only in the initiation phase and making contacts with elongation specific factors." [GOC:txnOH] |
|
GO:0001308
|
0 |
negative regulation of chromatin silencing involved in replicative cell aging |
"The process, which occurs as a dividing cell ages, leading to expression of genes that are typically not expressed due to silencing by regulatory proteins." [GOC:jh, PMID:12044934] |
|
GO:0001313
|
0 |
formation of extrachromosomal circular DNA involved in replicative cell aging |
"Excision from the chromosome and circularization of a region of chromosomal DNA, generally, but not always, via homologous recombination between direct tandem repeats, in dividing cells as they age." [GOC:jh] |
|
GO:0001314
|
0 |
replication of extrachromosomal circular DNA involved in replicative cell aging |
"Replication of circular DNA following excision from the chromosome of dividing cells as they age; replication of extrachromosomal circular DNA generally occurs independently of chromosomal replication." [GOC:jh] |
|
GO:0001325
|
0 |
formation of extrachromosomal circular DNA |
"Excision from the chromosome and circularization of a region of chromosomal DNA, generally, but not always, via homologous recombination between direct tandem repeats." [GOC:jh, PMID:12044938] |
|
GO:0001326
|
0 |
replication of extrachromosomal circular DNA |
"Replication of circular DNA following excision from the chromosome; replication of extrachromosomal circular DNA generally occurs independently of chromosomal replication." [GOC:jh] |
|
GO:0001406
|
0 |
glycerophosphodiester transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of glycerophosphodiesters from one side of a membrane to the other. Glycerophosphodiesters are small molecules composed of glycerol-3-phosphate and an alcohol, for example, glycerophosphoinositol." [GOC:mcc, PMID:12912892] |
|
GO:0001407
|
0 |
glycerophosphodiester transport |
"The directed movement of glycerophosphodiesters into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Glycerophosphodiesters are small molecules composed of glycerol-3-phosphate and an alcohol, for example, glycerophosphoinositol." [GOC:mcc, PMID:12912892] |
|
GO:0001410
|
0 |
chlamydospore formation |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the chlamydospore over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A chlamydospores is a mitotic (asexual) one-celled spore, produced primarily for survival, not dispersal, originating endogenously and singly within part of a pre-existing cell and possessing an inner secondary and often thickened cell wall. An example of this is found in Candida albicans." [GOC:mcc, GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:085199377X, PMID:14663094] |
|
GO:0001509
|
0 |
obsolete legumain activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the hydrolysis of proteins and small-molecule substrates at Asn-Xaa bonds." [EC:3.4.22.34] |
|
GO:0001510
|
35 |
RNA methylation |
"Posttranscriptional addition of a methyl group to either a nucleotide or 2'-O ribose in a polyribonucleotide. Usually uses S-adenosylmethionine as a cofactor." [GOC:hjd] |
|
GO:0001515
|
0 |
opioid peptide activity |
"Naturally occurring peptide that is an opioid (any non-alkaloid having an opiate-like effect that can be reversed by naloxone or other recognized morphine antagonist). These include Leu- and Met-enkephalin, dynorphin and neoendorphin, alpha, beta, gamma and delta endorphins formed from beta-lipotropin, various pronase-resistant peptides such as beta casamorphin, and other peptides whose opiate-like action seems to be indirect." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0001516
|
0 |
prostaglandin biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of prostaglandins, any of a group of biologically active metabolites which contain a cyclopentane ring." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0001519
|
0 |
peptide amidation |
"The posttranslational conversion of C-terminal glycine-extended peptides to C-terminal alpha-amidated peptides. Occurs to over half of all peptide hormones to give bioactive peptides. This is a two step process catalyzed by a peptidyl-glycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase and a peptidyl-alpha-hydroxyglycine alpha-amidating lyase. In some organisms, this process is catalyzed by two separate enzymes, whereas in higher organisms, one polypeptide catalyzes both reactions." [PMID:11028916] |
|
GO:0001520
|
0 |
outer dense fiber |
"A supramolecular fiber found in the flagella of mammalian sperm that surrounds the nine microtubule doublets. These dense fibers are stiff and noncontractile. In human, they consist of about 10 major and at least 15 minor proteins, where all major proteins are ODF1, ODF2 or ODF2-related proteins." [GOC:cilia, GOC:krc, ISBN:0824072820, PMID:10381817, PMID:21586547, PMID:25361759] |
|
GO:0001523
|
0 |
retinoid metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving retinoids, any member of a class of isoprenoids that contain or are derived from four prenyl groups linked head-to-tail. Retinoids include retinol and retinal and structurally similar natural derivatives or synthetic compounds, but need not have vitamin A activity." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0001542
|
0 |
ovulation from ovarian follicle |
"The process leading to the rupture of the follicle, releasing the centrally located oocyte into the oviduct. An example of this is found in Mus musculus." [GOC:mtg_sensu, http://ovary.stanford.edu] |
|
GO:0001578
|
2 |
microtubule bundle formation |
"A process that results in a parallel arrangement of microtubules." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0001584
|
0 |
obsolete rhodopsin-like receptor activity |
"OBSOLETE. A G-protein coupled receptor that is structurally/functionally related to the rhodopsin receptor." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb, IUPHAR_GPCR:1505] |
|
GO:0001633
|
0 |
obsolete secretin-like receptor activity |
"OBSOLETE. A G-protein coupled receptor that is structurally/functionally related to the secretin receptor." [GOC:mah, IUPHAR_GPCR:1506] |
|
GO:0001650
|
0 |
fibrillar center |
"A structure found most metazoan nucleoli, but not usually found in lower eukaryotes; surrounded by the dense fibrillar component; the zone of transcription from multiple copies of the pre-rRNA genes is in the border region between these two structures." [PMID:10754561] |
|
GO:0001681
|
0 |
sialate O-acetylesterase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: N-acetyl-O-acetylneuraminate (free or glycosidically bound) + H2O = N-acetylneuraminate + acetate." [EC:3.1.1.53, PMID:1991039] |
|
GO:0001682
|
1 |
tRNA 5'-leader removal |
"Generation of the mature 5'-end of the tRNA, usually via an endonucleolytic cleavage by RNase P." [PMID:11592395] |
|
GO:0001692
|
0 |
histamine metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving histamine, a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172] |
|
GO:0001694
|
0 |
histamine biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of histamine, a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172] |
|
GO:0001695
|
0 |
histamine catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of histamine, a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172] |
|
GO:0001731
|
16 |
formation of translation preinitiation complex |
"The joining of the small ribosomal subunit, ternary complex, and mRNA." [GOC:hjd] |
|
GO:0001736
|
4 |
establishment of planar polarity |
"Coordinated organization of groups of cells in the plane of an epithelium, such that they all orient to similar coordinates." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0001756
|
0 |
somitogenesis |
"The formation of mesodermal clusters that are arranged segmentally along the anterior posterior axis of an embryo." [ISBN:0721662544] |
|
GO:0001765
|
2 |
membrane raft assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a membrane raft, a small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalizes cellular processes." [PMID:12648772, PMID:12803918, PMID:16645198] |
|
GO:0001824
|
0 |
blastocyst development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the blastocyst over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammalian blastocyst is a hollow ball of cells containing two cell types, the inner cell mass and the trophectoderm." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0124020607, ISBN:0198542771] |
|
GO:0001825
|
0 |
blastocyst formation |
"The initial formation of a blastocyst from a solid ball of cells known as a morula." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0124020607, ISBN:0198542771] |
|
GO:0001842
|
0 |
neural fold formation |
"The process in which the neural fold is formed. The edges of the neural plate thicken and move up to form a U-shaped structure called the neural groove." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0878932437] |
|
GO:0001862
|
0 |
collectin binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a collectin, a member of a group of structurally related pattern recognition molecules characterized by having a carbohydrate recognition domain of the C-type lectin family at the C-terminus and a collagenous domain at the N-terminus." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0001864
|
0 |
pentraxin binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a pentraxin, a member of a family of inflammatory proteins with a radially symmetric arrangement of five identical, noncovalently linked chains in a pentagonal array." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0001867
|
0 |
complement activation, lectin pathway |
"Any process involved in the activation of any of the steps of the lectin pathway of the complement cascade which allows for the direct killing of microbes and the regulation of other immune processes." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0001873
|
0 |
polysaccharide receptor activity |
"Combining with a polysaccharide and transmitting the signal to initiate a change in cell activity. A polysaccharide is a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically." [CHEBI:18154, PMID:14707091] |
|
GO:0001892
|
0 |
embryonic placenta development |
"The embryonically driven process whose specific outcome is the progression of the placenta over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The placenta is an organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin." [GOC:add, ISBN:068340007X] |
|
GO:0001893
|
0 |
maternal placenta development |
"Maternally driven process whose specific outcome is the progression of the placenta over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The placenta is an organ of metabolic interchange between fetus and mother, partly of embryonic origin and partly of maternal origin." [GOC:add, ISBN:068340007X] |
|
GO:0001947
|
0 |
heart looping |
"The tube morphogenesis process in which the primitive heart tube loops asymmetrically. This looping brings the primitive heart chambers into alignment preceding their future integration. Heart looping begins with dextral-looping and ends when the main regional divisions of the mature heart and primordium of the great arterial trunks become established preceeding septation." [GOC:dph, PMID:12094232] |
|
GO:0001951
|
0 |
intestinal D-glucose absorption |
"Uptake of D-glucose into the blood by absorption from the small intestine." [GOC:mgi_curators, PMID:5601832] |
|
GO:0001990
|
0 |
regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by hormone |
"The process in which hormones modulate the force with which blood passes through the circulatory system. A hormone is one of a group of substances formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells, in the same organism, upon which they have a specific regulatory action." [GOC:mtg_cardio, ISBN:0721643949] |
|
GO:0002024
|
0 |
diet induced thermogenesis |
"The process that results in increased metabolic rate in tissues of an organism. It is triggered by the detection of dietary excess. This process is achieved via signalling in the sympathetic nervous system." [PMID:12161655] |
|
GO:0002064
|
26 |
epithelial cell development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0002065
|
1 |
columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell. A columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two dimensional sheet with a free surface. Columnar/cuboidal epithelial cells take on the shape of a column or cube." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0002066
|
0 |
columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two dimensional sheet with a free surface. Columnar/cuboidal epithelial cells take on the shape of a column or cube." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0002069
|
0 |
columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell maturation |
"The developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a columna/cuboidal epithelial cell to attain its fully functional state. A columnar/cuboidal epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two dimensional sheet with a free surface. Columnar/cuboidal epithelial cells take on the shape of a column or cube." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0002070
|
0 |
epithelial cell maturation |
"The developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an epithelial cell to attain its fully functional state. An epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0002072
|
0 |
optic cup morphogenesis involved in camera-type eye development |
"The invagination of the optic vesicle to form two-walled indentations, the optic cups, that will go on to form the retina. This process begins with the optic vesicle becoming a two-walled structure and its subsequent shape changes. It does not include the fate commitment of cells to become the pigmented retina and the neural retina. An example of this process is found in Mus musculus." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb, ISBN:0878932437] |
|
GO:0002077
|
0 |
acrosome matrix dispersal |
"The proteolytic digestion of components in the acrosomal matrix that allows for their release into the egg. The dispersal of the components allows for the inner acrosomal membrane to interact with the egg." [GOC:dph, PMID:3886029] |
|
GO:0002079
|
0 |
inner acrosomal membrane |
"The acrosomal membrane region that underlies the acrosomal vesicle and is located toward the sperm nucleus. This region is responsible for molecular interactions allowing the sperm to penetrate the zona pellucida and fuses with the egg plasma membrane." [GOC:dph, PMID:3899643, PMID:8936405] |
|
GO:0002083
|
0 |
4-hydroxybenzoate decaprenyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-decaprenyl diphosphate + 4-hydroxybenzoate = 3-decaprenyl-4-hydroxybenzoate + diphosphate." [MetaCyc:RXN-9230] |
|
GO:0002097
|
12 |
tRNA wobble base modification |
"The process in which the nucleotide at position 34 in the anticodon of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally modified." [GOC:hjd, ISBN:155581073X] |
|
GO:0002098
|
12 |
tRNA wobble uridine modification |
"The process in which a uridine in position 34 of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally modified." [GOC:hjd, ISBN:155581073X] |
|
GO:0002099
|
0 |
tRNA wobble guanine modification |
"The process in which a guanine in t position 34 of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally modified." [GOC:hjd, ISBN:155581073X] |
|
GO:0002100
|
0 |
tRNA wobble adenosine to inosine editing |
"The process in which an adenosine in position 34 of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally converted to inosine." [GOC:hjd, ISBN:155581073X] |
|
GO:0002101
|
0 |
tRNA wobble cytosine modification |
"The process in which a cytosine in position 34 of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally modified." [GOC:hjd, ISBN:155581073X] |
|
GO:0002103
|
0 |
endonucleolytic cleavage of tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA, 4.5S-rRNA, 5S-rRNA) |
"Endonucleolytic cleavage of a pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 4.5S rRNA, and the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. Primary ribosomal RNA transcripts with four genes, in this order, are produced in the chloroplasts of vascular plants. Note that the use of the word tetracistronic refers only to the number of mature rRNA molecules which will be produced from the primary transcript and ignores tRNAs that may also be present within the primary transcript." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0002104
|
0 |
endonucleolytic cleaveage between 4.5S rRNA and 5S rRNA of tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA, 4.5S-rRNA, 5S-rRNA) |
"Endonucleolytic cleavage between the 5S rRNA and the 4.5S rRNA of an rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 4.5S rRNA, and the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. Note that the use of the word tetracistronic refers only to the number of mature rRNA molecules which will be produced from the primary transcript and ignores tRNAs that may also be present within the primary transcript." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0002105
|
0 |
endonucleolytic cleaveage between LSU-rRNA and 4.5S rRNA of tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA, 4.5S-rRNA, 5S-rRNA) |
"Endonucleolytic cleavage between the LSU-rRNA and the 4.5S rRNA of an rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 4.5S rRNA, and the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. Note that the use of the word tetracistronic refers only to the number of mature rRNA molecules which will be produced from the primary transcript and ignores tRNAs that may also be present within the primary transcript." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0002106
|
0 |
endonucleolytic cleaveage between SSU-rRNA and LSU-rRNA of tetracistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA, 4.5S-rRNA, 5S-rRNA) |
"Endonucleolytic cleavages between the SSU-rRNA and the LSU-rRNA of an rRNA molecule originally produced as a tetracistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 4.5S rRNA, and the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript. These cleavages liberate tRNAs from the polycistronic transcript as well as separating the SSU and LSU containing transcript. Note that the use of the word tetracistronic refers only to the number of mature rRNA molecules which will be produced from the primary transcript and ignores tRNAs that may also be present within the primary transcript." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0002108
|
0 |
maturation of LSU-rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA,5S) |
"Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Large SubUnit (LSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature LSU-rRNA molecule from the pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0002109
|
0 |
maturation of SSU-rRNA from tricistronic rRNA transcript (SSU-rRNA, LSU-rRNA,5S) |
"Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Small SubUnit (SSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature SSU-rRNA molecule from the pre-rRNA molecule originally produced as a tricistronic rRNA transcript that contains the Small Subunit (SSU) rRNA, Large Subunit (LSU) the 5S rRNA in that order from 5' to 3' along the primary transcript." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0002117
|
0 |
amphibian larval development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the amphibian larva over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Amphibian larvae, sometimes called pollywogs or tadpoles, hatch from eggs and begin to grow limbs and other adult physical features at various times, depending on the species, before they metamorphose into the adult form." [GOC:bf, GOC:go_curators, http://www.livingunderworld.org/biology/] |
|
GO:0002124
|
0 |
territorial aggressive behavior |
"Aggressive behavior performed in defence of a fixed area against intruders, typically conspecifics." [GOC:hjd] |
|
GO:0002127
|
0 |
wobble base cytosine methylation |
"The process in which the base of cytosine at position 34 in the anticodon of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally methylated at the C5 position." [GOC:hjd, ISBN:155581073X] |
|
GO:0002129
|
0 |
wobble position guanine ribose methylation |
"The process in which the ribose of guanosine at position 34 in the anticodon of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally methylated at the 2'-O position." [GOC:hjd, ISBN:155581073X] |
|
GO:0002130
|
0 |
wobble position ribose methylation |
"The process in which the ribose base of the nucleotide at position 34 in the anticodon of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally methylated at the 2'O position." [GOC:hjd, ISBN:155581073X] |
|
GO:0002131
|
0 |
wobble position cytosine ribose methylation |
"The process in which the ribose of cytidine at position 34 in the anticodon of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally methylated at the 2'-O position." [GOC:hjd, ISBN:155581073X] |
|
GO:0002132
|
0 |
wobble position uridine ribose methylation |
"The process in which the ribose of uridine at position 34 in the anticodon of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally methylated at the 2'-O position." [GOC:hjd, ISBN:155581073X] |
|
GO:0002136
|
0 |
wobble base lysidine biosynthesis |
"The process in which the carbonyl of cytosine at position 34 of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally replaced by lysine." [PMID:15894617] |
|
GO:0002139
|
0 |
stereocilia coupling link |
"A structure involved in coupling stereocilia to one another in sensory hair cells There are four morphologically distinct types: tip links, horizontal top connectors, shaft connectors and ankle links. Tip links and horizontal top connectors are the only inter-stereocilia links associated with mature cochlea, whereas ankle links appear during development of the auditory hair bundle." [PMID:16775142] |
|
GO:0002140
|
0 |
stereocilia tip link |
"A stereocilia link that is formed by a fine filament running more or less vertically upward from the tip of each shorter stereocilium to attach at a higher point on its adjacent taller neighbor. Tilting the bundle puts tension on the filaments, which pull on mechanically gated ion channels in the membrane of the stereocilia." [PMID:1108787] |
|
GO:0002143
|
4 |
tRNA wobble position uridine thiolation |
"The process in which a uridine residue at position 34 in the anticodon of a tRNA is post-transcriptionally thiolated at the C2 position. This process involves transfer of a sulfur from cysteine to position C2 by several steps." [PMID:16871210] |
|
GO:0002158
|
0 |
osteoclast proliferation |
"The multiplication or reproduction of osteoclasts, resulting in the expansion of an osteoclast cell population. An osteoclast is a specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue, which typically differentiates from monocytes." [CL:0000092, GOC:hjd] |
|
GO:0002159
|
1 |
desmosome assembly |
"A cellular process that results in the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a desmosome. A desmosome is a patch-like intercellular junction found in vertebrate tissues, consisting of parallel zones of two cell membranes, separated by an space of 25-35 nm, and having dense fibrillar plaques in the subjacent cytoplasm." [GOC:hjd, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0002160
|
0 |
desmosome maintenance |
"The maintenance of a desmosome. A desmosome is a patch-like intercellular junctions found in vertebrate tissues, consisting of parallel zones of two cell membranes, separated by an interspace of 25-35 nm, and having dense fibrillar plaques in the subjacent cytoplasm." [GOC:hjd, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0002164
|
2287 |
larval development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the larva over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The larva is the early, immature form of an that at birth or hatching is fundamentally unlike its parent and must metamorphose before assuming the adult characters." [GOC:jid, ISBN:0877795088] |
|
GO:0002184
|
1 |
cytoplasmic translational termination |
"The process resulting in the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome in the cytoplasm, usually in response to a termination codon." [GOC:hjd] |
|
GO:0002188
|
1 |
translation reinitiation |
"A gene-specific translational control mechanism where the small ribosomal subunit remains attached to the mRNA following termination of translation, then resumes scanning on the same mRNA molecule and initiates again at a downstream start site. Reinitiation depends on de novo recruitment of the ternary complex that is required to recognize the next AUG codon." [PMID:18056426, PMID:18765792] |
|
GO:0002200
|
0 |
somatic diversification of immune receptors |
"The somatic process allowing for the production of immune receptors whose specificity is not encoded in the germline genomic sequences." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:16102575, PMID:16166509] |
|
GO:0002205
|
0 |
somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes involved in immune response |
"Mutations occurring somatically that result in amino acid changes in the rearranged V regions of immunoglobulins following the induction of and contributing to an immune response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:11205333, PMID:14991701] |
|
GO:0002250
|
1 |
adaptive immune response |
"An immune response based on directed amplification of specific receptors for antigen produced through a somatic diversification process, and allowing for enhanced response to subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory)." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0002252
|
3 |
immune effector process |
"Any process of the immune system that can potentially contribute to an immune response." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0002254
|
0 |
kinin cascade |
"A series of reactions that takes place outside the cell that occur as a result of by-products of tissue damage, including collagen, cartilage, and basement membrane. The ultimate product of the kinin cascade include kallidin and bradykinin, agents known to induce smooth muscle contraction, vasoconstriction, and increased vascular permeability." [GOC:jal, ISBN:0721601871, PMID:11842287, PMID:14501145] |
|
GO:0002255
|
0 |
tissue kallikrein-kinin cascade |
"A series of reactions that takes place outside the cell initiated by the action of tissue (glandular) kallikreins on low molecular weight kininogen in response to tissue damage. Tissue kallikreins are present in glandular tissues and their fluids, such as the salivary glands, sweat glands, pancreas, and kidney. The ultimate products of the tissue kallikrein-kinin cascade include kallidin and bradykinin, agents known to induce smooth muscle contraction, vasoconstriction, and increased vascular permeability." [GOC:add, PMID:11842287, PMID:14501145] |
|
GO:0002276
|
0 |
basophil activation involved in immune response |
"A change in morphology and behavior of a basophil resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, soluble factor, or to (at least in mammals) an antigen which the basophil has specifically bound via IgE bound to Fc-epsilonRI receptors, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0002279
|
0 |
mast cell activation involved in immune response |
"The change in morphology and behavior of a mast cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, soluble factor, or to (at least in mammals) an antigen which the mast cell has specifically bound via IgE bound to Fc-epsilonRI receptors, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0002292
|
0 |
T cell differentiation involved in immune response |
"The process in which an antigenically naive T cell acquires the specialized features of an effector, regulatory, or memory T cell as part of an immune response. Effector T cells include cells which provide T cell help or exhibit cytotoxicity towards other cells." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0002293
|
0 |
alpha-beta T cell differentiation involved in immune response |
"The process in which an antigenically naive alpha-beta T cell acquires the specialized features of an effector, regulatory, or memory T cell during an immune response. Effector T cells include cells which provide T cell help or exhibit cytotoxicity towards other cells." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0002294
|
0 |
CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation involved in immune response |
"The process in which an antigenically naive CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell acquires the specialized features of an effector, regulatory, or memory T cell as part of an immune response. Effector T cells include cells which provide T cell help or exhibit cytotoxicity towards other cells." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0002297
|
0 |
T-helper 2 cell lineage commitment |
"The process in which a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell becomes committed to becoming a T-helper 2 cell, a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell specialized to promote immunological processes often associated with resistance to extracellular organisms such as helminths, enhanced production of particular antibody isotypes, and pathological conditions such as allergy." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0002298
|
0 |
CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell differentiation involved in immune response |
"The process in which an antigenically naive CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell acquires the specialized features of a CD4-positive, CD25-positive, alpha-beta regulatory T cell as part of an immune response." [GOC:add, PMID:12093005] |
|
GO:0002302
|
0 |
CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell differentiation involved in immune response |
"The process in which an antigenically naive CD8-positive, alpha-beta T cell acquires the specialized features of an effector, regulatory, or memory T cell as part of an immune response. Effector T cells include cells which provide T cell help or exhibit cytotoxicity towards other cells." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0002303
|
0 |
gamma-delta T cell differentiation involved in immune response |
"The process in which an antigenically naive gamma-delta T cell acquires the specialized features of an effector, regulatory, or memory T cell and contributes to an immune response. Effector T cells include cells which provide T cell help or exhibit cytotoxicity towards other cells." [GOC:add] |
|
GO:0002315
|
0 |
marginal zone B cell differentiation |
"The process in which a B cell in the spleen acquires the specialized features of a marginal zone B cell. Marginal zone B cells are localized in a distinct anatomical region of the spleen that represents the major antigen-filtering and scavenging area (by specialized macrophages resident there). It appears that they are preselected to express a BCR repertoire similar to B-1 B cells, biased toward bacterial cell wall constituents and senescent self-components (such as oxidized LDL)." [GOC:jal, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0002331
|
0 |
pre-B cell allelic exclusion |
"Expression of a single heavy chain allele during pre-B cell differentiation." [GOC:add, GOC:jal, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0002332
|
0 |
transitional stage B cell differentiation |
"The process in which immature B cells from the bone marrow become mature B cells in the spleen. Transitional stage B cells are subdivided into transitional one (T1) and transitional two (T2) stages and are short-lived and functionally incompetent." [GOC:jal, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0002353
|
0 |
plasma kallikrein-kinin cascade |
"A series of reactions that takes place outside the cell occurring in response to tissue damage and initiated within blood plasma by the action of activated Factor XII (Hageman Factor) on prekallikrein to convert it to plasma kallikrein, and the subsequent reaction of plasma kallikrein with high molecular weight kininogen. The ultimate product of the plasma kallikrein-kinin cascade is bradykinin, an agent known to induce smooth muscle contraction, vasoconstriction, and increased vascular permeability." [GOC:add, ISBN:0721601871, PMID:11842287, PMID:14501145] |
|
GO:0002382
|
0 |
regulation of tissue kallikrein-kinin cascade |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the tissue kallikrein-kinin cascade." [GOC:add] |
|
GO:0002386
|
0 |
immune response in mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue |
"Immune response taking place in the mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT). Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue is typically found as nodules associated with mucosal epithelia with distinct internal structures including B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes." [GOC:jal, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0002388
|
0 |
immune response in Peyer's patch |
"Immune response taking place in the Peyer's patch, nodular lymphoid structures on the serosal surface of the small intestine." [GOC:jal, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0002432
|
0 |
granuloma formation |
"The formation of nodular inflammatory lesions, usually small or granular, firm, persistent, well-structured, and containing compactly grouped T lymphocytes and modified phagocytes such as epithelioid cells, giant cells, and other macrophages. Granuloma formation represents a chronic inflammatory response initiated by various infectious and noninfectious agents. The center of a granuloma consists of fused macrophages, which can become necrotic." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:068340007X, ISBN:0721601464, ISBN:081533642X] |
|
GO:0002452
|
0 |
B cell receptor editing |
"The process of replacing receptors on B cells, in which RAG gene expression allows continued light-chain gene rearrangement and expression of a new light change which combines with the previous heavy chain to form a new receptor." [GOC:jal, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0002459
|
0 |
adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from leucine-rich repeat domains |
"An immune response based on directed amplification of specific receptors for antigen produced through a somatic diversification process that includes somatic recombination of variable lymphocyte receptors (VLR) incorporating leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains, and allowing for enhanced responses upon subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory). Examples of this process are found in jawless fish, including the lampreys (Petromyzontidae) and hagfishes (Myxinidae)." [GOC:add, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:16373579] |
|
GO:0002460
|
0 |
adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains |
"An immune response based on directed amplification of specific receptors for antigen produced through a somatic diversification process that includes somatic recombination of germline gene segments encoding immunoglobulin superfamily domains, and allowing for enhanced responses upon subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory). Recombined receptors for antigen encoded by immunoglobulin superfamily domains include T cell receptors and immunoglobulins (antibodies). An example of this is the adaptive immune response found in Mus musculus." [GOC:add, GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0002461
|
0 |
tolerance induction dependent upon immune response |
"Tolerance induction dependent upon an immune response, typically a response by a mature T or B cell in the periphery resulting tolerance towards an antigen via induction of anergy, cellular deletion, or regulatory T cell activation." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:jal, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0002473
|
0 |
non-professional antigen presenting cell antigen processing and presentation |
"The process in which a non-professional antigen presenting cell expresses antigen (peptide or lipid) on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. Non-professional antigen presenting cells include all cell types but dendritic cells, B cells, T cells, monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:15771591] |
|
GO:0002476
|
0 |
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class Ib |
"The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of endogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger endogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the HLA-E gene family." [GOC:add, PMID:15928678] |
|
GO:0002477
|
0 |
antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class Ib |
"The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger exogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the HLA-E gene family." [GOC:add, PMID:15928678] |
|
GO:0002478
|
0 |
antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen |
"The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger exogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0002479
|
0 |
antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I, TAP-dependent |
"The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class I protein complex following intracellular transport via a TAP (transporter associated with antigen processing) pathway. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger exogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell and is dependent on TAP transport from the cytosol to ER for association with the MHC class I molecule. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules." [GOC:add, PMID:15224093, PMID:15771591, PMID:16181335] |
|
GO:0002480
|
0 |
antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I, TAP-independent |
"The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class I protein complex following intracellular transport via a pathway not requiring TAP (transporter associated with antigen processing). The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger exogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules." [GOC:add, PMID:15224093, PMID:15771591, PMID:16181335] |
|
GO:0002481
|
0 |
antigen processing and presentation of exogenous protein antigen via MHC class Ib, TAP-dependent |
"The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex following intracellular transport via a TAP (transporter associated with antigen processing) pathway. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger exogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell and is dependent on TAP transport from the cytosol to ER for association with the MHC class Ib molecule. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the HLA-E gene family." [GOC:add, PMID:15928678] |
|
GO:0002482
|
0 |
antigen processing and presentation of exogenous protein antigen via MHC class Ib, TAP-independent |
"The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex following intracellular transport via a pathway not requiring TAP (transporter associated with antigen processing). The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger exogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the HLA-E gene family." [GOC:add, PMID:15928678] |
|
GO:0002483
|
0 |
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen |
"The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of endogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC protein complex. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger endogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0002484
|
0 |
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I via ER pathway |
"The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of endogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class I protein complex following intracellular transport via an ER pathway. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger endogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell and becomes associated with the MHC class I molecule in the ER. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:14647477, PMID:15771591] |
|
GO:0002485
|
0 |
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I via ER pathway, TAP-dependent |
"The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of endogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class I protein complex following intracellular transport via a TAP-dependent ER pathway. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger endogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell and becomes associated with the MHC class I molecule in the ER following TAP-dependent transport from the cytosol. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:14647477, PMID:15771591] |
|
GO:0002486
|
0 |
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I via ER pathway, TAP-independent |
"The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of endogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class I protein complex following intracellular transport via a TAP-independent ER pathway. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger endogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell and becomes associated with the MHC class I molecule in the ER following transport from the cytosol via a TAP-independent pathway. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules." [GOC:add, PMID:14647477, PMID:15771591] |
|
GO:0002487
|
0 |
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I via endolysosomal pathway |
"The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of endogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class I protein complex. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger endogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell and becomes associated with the MHC class I molecule in an endolysosome. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules." [GOC:add, PMID:10631943] |
|
GO:0002488
|
0 |
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class Ib via ER pathway |
"The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of endogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex following intracellular transport via an ER pathway. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger endogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell and becomes associated with the MHC class Ib molecule in the ER. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the HLA-E gene family." [GOC:add, PMID:15928678] |
|
GO:0002489
|
0 |
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class Ib via ER pathway, TAP-dependent |
"The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of endogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex following intracellular transport via a TAP (transporter associated with antigen processing) pathway. The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger endogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell and is dependent on TAP transport from the cytosol to ER for association with the MHC class Ib molecule. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the HLA-E gene family." [GOC:add, PMID:15928678] |
|
GO:0002490
|
0 |
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class Ib via ER pathway, TAP-independent |
"The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of endogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class Ib protein complex following intracellular transport via a pathway not requiring TAP (transporter associated with antigen processing). The peptide is typically a fragment of a larger endogenous protein which has been degraded within the cell. Class Ib here refers to non-classical class I molecules, such as those of the HLA-E gene family." [GOC:add, PMID:15928678] |
|
GO:0002491
|
0 |
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II |
"The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of endogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class II protein complex. The peptide antigen is typically, but not always, processed from a whole protein." [GOC:add, PMID:15531770, PMID:16181338] |
|
GO:0002495
|
0 |
antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class II |
"The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen on its cell surface in association with an MHC class II protein complex. The peptide antigen is typically, but not always, processed from a whole protein." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:15531770, PMID:15771591] |
|
GO:0002526
|
0 |
acute inflammatory response |
"Inflammation which comprises a rapid, short-lived, relatively uniform response to acute injury or antigenic challenge and is characterized by accumulations of fluid, plasma proteins, and granulocytic leukocytes. An acute inflammatory response occurs within a matter of minutes or hours, and either resolves within a few days or becomes a chronic inflammatory response." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0002527
|
0 |
vasodilation involved in acute inflammatory response |
"An increase in the internal diameter of blood vessels, especially arterioles or capillaries, usually resulting in a decrease in blood pressure contributing to an acute inflammatory response." [GOC:jal] |
|
GO:0002529
|
0 |
regulation of plasma kallikrein-kinin cascade |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the plasma kallikrein-kinin cascade." [GOC:add] |
|
GO:0002546
|
0 |
negative regulation of tissue kallikrein-kinin cascade |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of the tissue kallikrein-kinin cascade." [GOC:add] |
|
GO:0002547
|
0 |
positive regulation of tissue kallikrein-kinin cascade |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of the tissue kallikrein-kinin cascade." [GOC:add] |
|
GO:0002549
|
0 |
negative regulation of plasma kallikrein-kinin cascade |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of the plasma kallikrein-kinin cascade." [GOC:add] |
|
GO:0002550
|
0 |
positive regulation of plasma kallikrein-kinin cascade |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of the plasma kallikrein-kinin cascade." [GOC:add] |
|
GO:0002574
|
0 |
thrombocyte differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a thrombocyte, a nucleated cell found in all vertebrates but mammals involved in hemostasis." [GOC:add] |
|
GO:0002929
|
0 |
MECO complex |
"A highly stable complex composed of the ATAC complex and the mediator complex (also called TRAP or MED). MECO binds and regulates the transcription of a subset of non-coding RNAs transcribed by RNA polymerase II." [GOC:hjd, PMID:20508642] |
|
GO:0002934
|
1 |
desmosome organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a desmosome. A desmosome is a patch-like intercellular junction found in vertebrate tissues, consisting of parallel zones of two cell membranes, separated by an space of 25-35 nm, and having dense fibrillar plaques in the subjacent cytoplasm." [GOC:hjd] |
|
GO:0002937
|
0 |
tRNA 4-thiouridine biosynthesis |
"The processes whereby a uridine residue in a tRNA is converted to 4-thiouridine. Typically 4-thiouridine is found at position 8, in many transfer RNAs." [ISBN:155581073X] |
|
GO:0003006
|
1360 |
developmental process involved in reproduction |
"A developmental process in which a progressive change in the state of some part of an organism specifically contributes to its ability to form offspring." [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete] |
|
GO:0003007
|
0 |
heart morphogenesis |
"The developmental process in which the heart is generated and organized. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood." [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete] |
|
GO:0003015
|
1 |
heart process |
"A circulatory system process carried out by the heart. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood." [GOC:mtg_cardio] |
|
GO:0003058
|
0 |
hormonal regulation of the force of heart contraction |
"The process in which the hormones modulates the force of heart muscle contraction. A hormone is one of a group of substances formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells, in the same organism, upon which they have a specific regulatory action." [GOC:mtg_cardio, GOC:rl] |
|
GO:0003064
|
0 |
regulation of heart rate by hormone |
"The process in which the hormones modulates the rate of heart muscle contraction. A hormone is one of a group of substances formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells, in the same organism, upon which they have a specific regulatory action." [GOC:mtg_cardio, GOC:rl] |
|
GO:0003067
|
0 |
circadian regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure by hormone |
"The process in which hormones modulate the force with which blood passes through the circulatory system contributing to different values of blood pressure oscillating with a regularity of approximately 24 hours. A hormone is one of a group of substances formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells, in the same organism, upon which they have a specific regulatory action." [GOC:mtg_cardio] |
|
GO:0003238
|
0 |
conus arteriosus development |
"The progression of the conus arteriosus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The conus arteriosus is a valved chamber with thick muscular walls stemming from the ventricle and connecting to the pulmonary trunk." [GOC:mtg_heart] |
|
GO:0003239
|
0 |
conus arteriosus morphogenesis |
"The process in which the conus arteriosus is generated and organized. The conus arteriosus is a valved chamber with thick muscular walls stemming from the ventricle and connecting to the pulmonary trunk." [GOC:mtg_heart] |
|
GO:0003240
|
0 |
conus arteriosus formation |
"The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the conus arteriosus from unspecified parts. The conus arteriosus is a valved chamber with thick muscular walls stemming from the ventricle and connecting to the pulmonary trunk." [GOC:mtg_heart] |
|
GO:0003242
|
0 |
cardiac chamber ballooning |
"The morphogenic growth in which the chambers of the heart expand in size, contributing to their shaping." [GOC:mtg_heart] |
|
GO:0003254
|
0 |
regulation of membrane depolarization |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of membrane depolarization. Membrane depolarization is the process in which membrane potential changes in the depolarizing direction from the resting potential, usually from negative to positive." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0003255
|
0 |
endocardial precursor cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized mesodermal cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of an endocardial precursor cell. A endocardial precursor cell is a cell that has been committed to a endocardial cell fate, but will undergo further cell divisions rather than terminally differentiate." [GOC:mtg_heart] |
|
GO:0003259
|
0 |
cardioblast anterior-lateral migration |
"The orderly movement of a cardioblast toward the head and laterally to form the heart field. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating." [GOC:mtg_heart] |
|
GO:0003260
|
0 |
cardioblast migration |
"The orderly movement of a cardiac progenitor cell to form the heart field. Cardiac progenitor cells are non-terminally differentiated, mesoderm-derived cells that are committed to differentiate into cells of the heart. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating." [GOC:mtg_heart] |
|
GO:0003261
|
0 |
cardiac muscle progenitor cell migration to the midline involved in heart field formation |
"The orderly movement of a myocardial progenitor cell toward the midline to form the heart field. Cardiac muscle progenitor cells are non-terminally differentiated, mesoderm-derived cells that are committed to differentiate into myocardial cells of the heart." [GOC:mtg_heart] |
|
GO:0003262
|
0 |
endocardial progenitor cell migration to the midline involved in heart field formation |
"The orderly movement of an endocardial progenitor cell toward the midline to form the heart field. Cardiac muscle progenitor cells are non-terminally differentiated, mesoderm-derived cells that are committed to differentiate into endocardial cells of the heart." [GOC:mtg_heart] |
|
GO:0003263
|
0 |
cardioblast proliferation |
"The multiplication or reproduction of cardioblasts, resulting in the expansion of the population in the heart field. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating." [GOC:mtg_heart] |
|
GO:0003264
|
0 |
regulation of cardioblast proliferation |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast proliferation. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating." [GOC:mtg_heart] |
|
GO:0003265
|
0 |
regulation of primary heart field cardioblast proliferation |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast proliferation in the primary heart field. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating. In mammals the primary heart field gives rise to the left ventricle." [GOC:mtg_heart, GOC:rl] |
|
GO:0003266
|
0 |
regulation of secondary heart field cardioblast proliferation |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast proliferation in the second heart field. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating. The secondary heart field is the region of the heart that will form the majority of the mesodermal component of the right ventricle, the arterial pole (outflow tract) and the venous pole (inflow tract)." [GOC:mtg_heart, GOC:rl, PMID:17276708] |
|
GO:0003267
|
0 |
canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in positive regulation of secondary heart field cardioblast proliferation |
"A canonical Wnt signaling pathway that contributes to an increase in the frequency, or rate of cardioblast proliferation in the secondary heart field. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating." [GOC:mtg_heart] |
|
GO:0003268
|
0 |
fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway involved in regulation of secondary heart field cardioblast proliferation |
"The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a fibroblast growth factor receptor binding to one of its physiological ligands contributing to the modulation of the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast proliferation in the secondary heart field. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating." [GOC:mtg_heart] |
|
GO:0003269
|
0 |
BMP signaling pathway involved in regulation of secondary heart field cardioblast proliferation |
"A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a member of the BMP (bone morphogenetic protein) family to a receptor on the surface of a target cell, which contributes to the modulation of the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast proliferation in the secondary heart field. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating." [GOC:mtg_heart] |
|
GO:0003270
|
0 |
Notch signaling pathway involved in regulation of secondary heart field cardioblast proliferation |
"The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of an extracellular ligand to a Notch receptor on the surface of the target cell contributing to the modulation of the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast proliferation in the secondary heart field. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating." [GOC:mtg_heart] |
|
GO:0003271
|
0 |
smoothened signaling pathway involved in regulation of secondary heart field cardioblast proliferation |
"The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of activation of the transmembrane protein Smoothened contributing to the modulation of the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast proliferation in the secondary heart field. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating." [GOC:mtg_heart] |
|
GO:0003298
|
0 |
physiological muscle hypertrophy |
"The enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of a muscle organ or tissue due to an increase in the size of its muscle cells. Physiological hypertrophy is a normal process during development." [GOC:mtg_heart] |
|
GO:0003299
|
0 |
muscle hypertrophy in response to stress |
"The enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of a muscle organ or tissue due to an increase in the size of its muscle cells as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis." [GOC:mtg_heart] |
|
GO:0003300
|
0 |
cardiac muscle hypertrophy |
"The enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart muscle due to an increase in size of cardiac muscle cells without cell division." [GOC:mtg_heart] |
|
GO:0003301
|
0 |
physiological cardiac muscle hypertrophy |
"The enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart muscle due to an increase in size of cardiac muscle cells without cell division. This process contributes to the developmental growth of the heart." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11, GOC:mtg_heart] |
|
GO:0003335
|
0 |
corneocyte development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the corneocyte over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A corneocyte is the last stage of development of a keratinocyte where the keratinocyte flattens, loses its nucleus and eventually delaminates from the epidermis." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0003351
|
0 |
epithelial cilium movement |
"The directed, self-propelled movement of a cilium of an epithelial cell. This movement is usually coordinated between many epithelial cells, and serves to move fluid." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0003403
|
0 |
optic vesicle formation |
"The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the optic vesicle from the lateral wall of the forebrain. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the vesicle and ends when the vesicle has evaginated. The optic vesicle is the evagination of neurectoderm that precedes formation of the optic cup." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0003408
|
0 |
optic cup formation involved in camera-type eye development |
"The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of the optic cup, a two-walled vesicle formed from the optic vesicle." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0003673
|
0 |
obsolete Gene_Ontology |
"OBSOLETE. A controlled vocabulary that can be applied to all organisms even as knowledge of gene and protein roles in cells is accumulating and changing. GO provides three structured networks of defined terms to describe gene product attributes." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0003688
|
0 |
DNA replication origin binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the DNA replication origin, a unique DNA sequence of a replicon at which DNA replication is initiated and proceeds bidirectionally or unidirectionally." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0003694
|
0 |
obsolete plasmid binding |
"OBSOLETE. Interacting selectively with a plasmid, an extrachromosomal genetic element usually characterized as a covalently continuous double stranded DNA molecule found in bacteria and some other microorganisms." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0003696
|
0 |
satellite DNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with satellite DNA, the many tandem repeats (identical or related) of a short basic repeating unit; many have a base composition or other property different from the genome average that allows them to be separated from the bulk (main band) genomic DNA." [GOC:jl, SO:0000005] |
|
GO:0003712
|
0 |
transcription cofactor activity |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a regulatory transcription factor and also with the basal transcription machinery in order to modulate transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind the template nucleic acid, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between regulatory transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] |
|
GO:0003713
|
0 |
transcription coactivator activity |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a activating transcription factor and also with the basal transcription machinery in order to increase the frequency, rate or extent of transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind the template nucleic acid, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between activating transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] |
|
GO:0003714
|
0 |
transcription corepressor activity |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a repressing transcription factor and also with the basal transcription machinery in order to stop, prevent, or reduce the frequency, rate or extent of transcription. Cofactors generally do not bind the template nucleic acid, but rather mediate protein-protein interactions between repressive transcription factors and the basal transcription machinery." [GOC:txnOH, PMID:10213677, PMID:16858867] |
|
GO:0003732
|
0 |
obsolete snRNA cap binding |
"OBSOLETE. Interacting selectively with the cap structure at the 5' end of a small nuclear RNA molecule." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0003734
|
0 |
obsolete small nuclear ribonucleoprotein |
"OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0003773
|
0 |
obsolete heat shock protein activity |
"OBSOLETE. Any of a group of specific proteins that are synthesized by both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells after they have been exposed to a temperature that is higher than normal. Other stresses, e.g. free radical damage, have a similar effect. Many members of the hsp family are not induced but are present in all cells. They are characterized by their role as molecular chaperones." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0003777
|
0 |
microtubule motor activity |
"Catalysis of movement along a microtubule, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0003807
|
0 |
obsolete plasma kallikrein activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the selective cleavage of Arg-Xaa and Lys-Xaa bonds, including Lys-Arg and Arg-Ser bonds in (human) kininogen to release bradykinin." [EC:3.4.21.34] |
|
GO:0003823
|
0 |
antigen binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an antigen, any substance which is capable of inducing a specific immune response and of reacting with the products of that response, the specific antibody or specifically sensitized T-lymphocytes, or both. Binding may counteract the biological activity of the antigen." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0721662544] |
|
GO:0003824
|
0 |
catalytic activity |
"Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0003930
|
0 |
obsolete RAS small monomeric GTPase activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.47] |
|
GO:0003917
|
0 |
DNA topoisomerase type I activity |
"Catalysis of a DNA topological transformation by transiently cleaving one DNA strand at a time to allow passage of another strand; changes the linking number by +1 per catalytic cycle." [PMID:8811192] |
|
GO:0003925
|
0 |
obsolete small monomeric GTPase activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate. Small monomeric enzymes with a molecular mass of 21 kDa that are distantly related to the alpha-subunit of heterotrimeric G-protein GTPase. They are involved in cell-growth regulation (RAS subfamily), membrane vesicle traffic and uncoating (RAB and ARF subfamilies), nuclear protein import (RAN subfamily) and organization of the cytoskeleton (Rho and Rac subfamilies)." [EC:3.6.5.2, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, MetaCyc:3.6.1.47-RXN] |
|
GO:0003926
|
0 |
obsolete ARF small monomeric GTPase activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.47] |
|
GO:0003928
|
0 |
obsolete RAB small monomeric GTPase activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.47] |
|
GO:0003929
|
0 |
obsolete RAN small monomeric GTPase activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.47] |
|
GO:0003931
|
0 |
obsolete Rho small monomeric GTPase activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate. Any member of the Rho subfamily of the RAS superfamily of monomeric GTPases. Proteins in the Rho subfamily are involved in relaying signals from cell-surface receptors to the actin cytoskeleton." [EC:3.6.1.47, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0003932
|
0 |
obsolete SAR small monomeric GTPase activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.47] |
|
GO:0004028
|
0 |
3-chloroallyl aldehyde dehydrogenase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: 3-chloroallyl aldehyde + H2O = 2 H+ + 2 e- + 3-chloroacrylic acid." [UM-BBD_enzymeID:e0432] |
|
GO:0004037
|
0 |
allantoicase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: allantoate + H(2)O = (S)-ureidoglycolate + urea." [EC:3.5.3.4, RHEA:11019] |
|
GO:0004038
|
0 |
allantoinase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: allantoin + H2O = allantoate." [EC:3.5.2.5] |
|
GO:0004039
|
0 |
allophanate hydrolase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + 3 H(+) + urea-1-carboxylate = 2 CO(2) + 2 NH(4)(+)." [EC:3.5.1.54, RHEA:19032] |
|
GO:0004161
|
0 |
dimethylallyltranstransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate = diphosphate + geranyl diphosphate." [EC:2.5.1.1] |
|
GO:0004181
|
0 |
metallocarboxypeptidase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of C-terminal amino acid residues from a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0004184
|
0 |
obsolete lysine carboxypeptidase activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-L-lysine (or peptidyl-L-arginine) + H2O = peptide + L-lysine (or L-arginine). Release of a C-terminal basic amino acid, preferentially lysine; inactivates bradykinin and anaphylatoxins in blood plasma." [EC:3.4.17.3] |
|
GO:0004185
|
0 |
serine-type carboxypeptidase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond not more than three residues from the C-terminus of a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CARBOXYPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] |
|
GO:0004201
|
0 |
obsolete caspase-1 activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the release of interleukin 1-beta by specific cleavage of Asp116-Ala117 and Asp27-Gly28 bonds in precursor. Enzymes with this function can also hydrolyze the terminal bond in the small-molecule substrate, Ac-Tyr-Val-Ala-Asp-NHMec." [EC:3.4.22.36] |
|
GO:0004213
|
0 |
obsolete cathepsin B activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds with a broad specificity. Preferentially cleaves the terminal bond of -Arg-Arg-Xaa motifs in small molecule substrates (thus differing from cathepsin L). In addition to being an endopeptidase, shows peptidyl-dipeptidase activity, liberating C-terminal dipeptides." [EC:3.4.22.1] |
|
GO:0004216
|
0 |
obsolete cathepsin K activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds. Has a broad proteolytic activity. With small-molecule substrates and inhibitors, the major determinant of specificity is P2, which is preferably Leu, Met > Phe, and not Arg." [EC:3.4.22.38] |
|
GO:0004274
|
0 |
obsolete dipeptidyl-peptidase IV activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the release of an N-terminal dipeptide, by the hydrolysis of the Xbb-Xcc bond in Xaa-Xbb-Xcc, preferentially when Xbb is Pro, provided Xcc is neither Pro nor hydroxyproline." [EC:3.4.14.5] |
|
GO:0004222
|
0 |
metalloendopeptidase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] |
|
GO:0004238
|
0 |
obsolete meprin A activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the hydrolysis of protein and peptide substrates preferentially on carboxyl side of hydrophobic residues." [EC:3.4.24.18] |
|
GO:0004239
|
0 |
obsolete methionyl aminopeptidase activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the release of N-terminal amino acids, preferentially methionine, from peptides and arylamides." [EC:3.4.11.18] |
|
GO:0004240
|
0 |
obsolete mitochondrial processing peptidase activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the release of N-terminal transit peptides from precursor proteins imported into the mitochondrion, typically with Arg in position P2." [EC:3.4.24.64] |
|
GO:0004252
|
0 |
serine-type endopeptidase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] |
|
GO:0004277
|
0 |
obsolete granzyme A activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the hydrolysis of proteins, including fibronectin, type IV collagen and nucleolin. Preferential cleavage: Arg-Xaa > Lys-Xaa > Phe-Xaa in small molecule substrates." [EC:3.4.21.78] |
|
GO:0004285
|
0 |
obsolete proprotein convertase 1 activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the release of protein hormones, neuropeptides and renin from their precursors, generally by cleavage of -Lys-Arg-Xaa at the Arg-Xaa bond." [EC:3.4.21.93] |
|
GO:0004286
|
0 |
obsolete proprotein convertase 2 activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the release of protein hormones and neuropeptides from their precursors, generally by cleavage of -Lys-Arg-Xaa at the Arg-Xaa bond." [EC:3.4.21.94] |
|
GO:0004293
|
0 |
obsolete tissue kallikrein activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the preferential cleavage of Arg-Xaa bonds in small molecule substrates. Highly selective action to release kallidin (lysyl-bradykinin) from kininogen involves hydrolysis of Met-Xaa or Leu-Xaa. The rat enzyme is unusual in liberating bradykinin directly from autologous kininogens by cleavage at two Arg-Xaa bonds." [EC:3.4.21.35] |
|
GO:0004452
|
0 |
isopentenyl-diphosphate delta-isomerase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: isopentenyl diphosphate = dimethylallyl diphosphate." [EC:5.3.3.2, RHEA:23287] |
|
GO:0004512
|
0 |
inositol-3-phosphate synthase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: D-glucose 6-phosphate = 1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate. This reaction requires NAD, which dehydrogenates the CHOH group to CO at C-5 of the glucose 6-phosphate, making C-6 into an active methylene, able to condense with the aldehyde at C-1. Finally, the enzyme-bound NADH reconverts C-5 into the CHOH form." [EC:5.5.1.4, RHEA:10719] |
|
GO:0004576
|
0 |
oligosaccharyl transferase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a oligosaccharyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0004672
|
0 |
protein kinase activity |
"Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP." [MetaCyc:PROTEIN-KINASE-RXN] |
|
GO:0004720
|
0 |
protein-lysine 6-oxidase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-L-lysyl-peptide + H2O + O2 = peptidyl-allysyl-peptide + NH3 + hydrogen peroxide." [EC:1.4.3.13] |
|
GO:0004744
|
0 |
retinal isomerase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-retinal = 11-cis-retinal." [RHEA:24127] |
|
GO:0004755
|
0 |
saccharopine dehydrogenase (NADP+, L-glutamate-forming) activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: L-saccharopine + H(2)O + NADP(+) = L-allysine + L-glutamate + H(+) + NADPH." [EC:1.5.1.10, RHEA:10023] |
|
GO:0004950
|
0 |
chemokine receptor activity |
"Combining with a chemokine, and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity. Chemokines are a family of small chemotactic cytokines; their name is derived from their ability to induce directed chemotaxis in nearby responsive cells. All chemokines possess a number of conserved cysteine residues involved in intramolecular disulfide bond formation. Some chemokines are considered pro-inflammatory and can be induced during an immune response to recruit cells of the immune system to a site of infection, while others are considered homeostatic and are involved in controlling the migration of cells during normal processes of tissue maintenance or development. Chemokines are found in all vertebrates, some viruses and some bacteria." [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl, GOC:signaling, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemokine, IUPHAR_GPCR:1280, PMID:12183377, PMID:8662823] |
|
GO:0004964
|
0 |
luteinizing hormone receptor activity |
"Combining with luteinizing hormone (also called lutropin) to initiate a change in cell activity." [ISBN:0198506732, PMID:18848524, PMID:1922095] |
|
GO:0004969
|
0 |
histamine receptor activity |
"Combining with histamine to initiate a change in cell activity. Histamine is a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0004974
|
0 |
leukotriene receptor activity |
"Combining with a leukotriene to initiate a change in cell activity. Leukotrienes are pharmacologically active substances with a set of three conjugated double bonds; some contain a peptide group based on cysteine." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005035
|
0 |
death receptor activity |
"Combining with an extracellular messenger (called a death ligand), and transmitting the signal from one side of the plasma membrane to the other to initiate apoptotic or necrotic cell death." [GOC:bf, GOC:BHF, GOC:ecd, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:rl, PMID:10209153] |
|
GO:0005070
|
0 |
SH3/SH2 adaptor activity |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently and simultaneously with one or more signal transduction molecules, usually acting as a scaffold to bring these molecules into close proximity either using their own SH2/SH3 domains (e.g. Grb2) or those of their target molecules (e.g. SAM68)." [GOC:mah, GOC:so] |
|
GO:0005093
|
0 |
Rab GDP-dissociation inhibitor activity |
"Prevents the dissociation of GDP from the small GTPase Rab, thereby preventing GTP from binding." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0005094
|
0 |
Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor activity |
"Prevents the dissociation of GDP from the small GTPase Rho, thereby preventing GTP from binding." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0005123
|
0 |
death receptor binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any member of the death receptor (DR) family. The DR family falls within the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily and is characterized by a cytoplasmic region of ~80 residues termed the death domain (DD)." [GOC:ceb, GOC:rl, PMID:15654015] |
|
GO:0005174
|
0 |
CD40 receptor binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with CD40, a receptor found on the surface of all B-lymphocytes." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0120781859] |
|
GO:0005179
|
0 |
hormone activity |
"The action characteristic of a hormone, any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action. The term was originally applied to agents with a stimulatory physiological action in vertebrate animals (as opposed to a chalone, which has a depressant action). Usage is now extended to regulatory compounds in lower animals and plants, and to synthetic substances having comparable effects; all bind receptors and trigger some biological process." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005185
|
0 |
neurohypophyseal hormone activity |
"The action characteristic of a neurohypophyseal hormone, any of a family of structurally and functionally related nonapeptides that are synthesized as part of a larger precursor molecule comprising a signal peptide, the nonapeptide hormone, and a neurophysin." [GOC:mah, PMID:19243634] |
|
GO:0005199
|
0 |
structural constituent of cell wall |
"The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of a cell wall." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0005215
|
0 |
transporter activity |
"Enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai, GOC:dgf] |
|
GO:0005274
|
0 |
allantoin uptake transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: allantoin(out) + H+(out) = allantoin(in) + H+(in) by secondary active transport." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729, TC:2.A.39.3.1] |
|
GO:0005294
|
0 |
neutral L-amino acid secondary active transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a neutral L-amino acid from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:mtg_transport] |
|
GO:0005315
|
0 |
inorganic phosphate transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of a inorganic phosphate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:mtg_transport] |
|
GO:0005371
|
0 |
tricarboxylate secondary active transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of tricarboxylate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0005427
|
0 |
proton-dependent oligopeptide secondary active transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a oligopeptide from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by proton movement." [GOC:mtg_transport, OMIM:600544] |
|
GO:0005468
|
0 |
obsolete small-molecule carrier or transporter |
"OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0005472
|
0 |
FAD carrier activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of flavin adenine dinucleotide from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0005477
|
0 |
pyruvate secondary active transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of pyruvate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:mtg_transport] |
|
GO:0005483
|
0 |
soluble NSF attachment protein activity |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with both N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein (NSF) and a cis-SNARE complex (i.e. a SNARE complex in which all proteins are associated with the same membrane) and increasing the ATPase activity of NSF, thereby allowing ATP hydrolysis by NSF to disassemble the cis-SNARE complex." [GOC:mah, PMID:14570579, PMID:15556857] |
|
GO:0005490
|
0 |
obsolete cytochrome P450 |
"OBSOLETE. A cytochrome b that has a sulfur atom ligated to the iron of the prosthetic group (heme-thiolate); enzymes:typically monooxygenases acting on lipophilic substrates." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0005501
|
0 |
retinoid binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with retinoids, any member of a class of isoprenoids that contain or are derived from four prenyl groups linked head-to-tail. Retinoids include retinol and retinal and structurally similar natural derivatives or synthetic compounds, but need not have vitamin A activity." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005503
|
0 |
all-trans retinal binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with all-trans retinal, a compound that plays an important role in the visual process in most vertebrates. All-trans retinal (trans r., visual yellow) results from the bleaching of rhodopsin by light, in which the 11-cis form is converted to the all-trans form. Retinal is one of the forms of vitamin A." [CHEBI:17898, GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0005504
|
0 |
fatty acid binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with fatty acids, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005505
|
0 |
obsolete heavy metal binding |
"OBSOLETE. Interacting selectively with a heavy metal, a metal that can form a coordination bond with a protein, as opposed to an alkali or alkaline-earth metal that can only form an ionic bond; this definition includes the following biologically relevant heavy metals: Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, V, W, Zn." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0005520
|
0 |
insulin-like growth factor binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an insulin-like growth factor, any member of a group of polypeptides that are structurally homologous to insulin and share many of its biological activities, but are immunologically distinct from it." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005524
|
0 |
ATP binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005527
|
0 |
macrolide binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a macrolide, any of a large group of structurally related antibiotics produced by Streptomyces species." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005530
|
0 |
obsolete lectin |
"OBSOLETE. Lectins are proteins obtained particularly from the seeds of leguminous plants, but also from many other plant and animal sources, that have binding sites for specific mono or oligosaccharides in cell walls or membranes. They thereby change the physiology of the membrane to cause agglutination, mitosis, or other biochemical changes in the cell." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0005537
|
0 |
mannose binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with mannose, a monosaccharide hexose, stereoisomeric with glucose, that occurs naturally only in polymerized forms called mannans." [CHEBI:37684, GOC:jl, ISBN:0192800981] |
|
GO:0005541
|
0 |
obsolete acyl-CoA or acyl binding |
"OBSOLETE. Interacting selectively with acyl-CoA or acyl, any derivative of coenzyme A in which the sulfhydryl group is in thiolester linkage with a fatty acyl group, or any group formally derived by removal of a hydroxyl group from the acid function of an organic acid." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005569
|
0 |
obsolete small nucleolar RNA |
"OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0005570
|
0 |
obsolete small nuclear RNA |
"OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0005605
|
0 |
basal lamina |
"A thin sheet of proteoglycans and glycoproteins, especially laminin, secreted by cells as an extracellular matrix." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0005578
|
0 |
proteinaceous extracellular matrix |
"A layer consisting mainly of proteins (especially collagen) and glycosaminoglycans (mostly as proteoglycans) that forms a sheet underlying or overlying cells such as endothelial and epithelial cells. The proteins are secreted by cells in the vicinity. An example of this component is found in Mus musculus." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0005579
|
0 |
membrane attack complex |
"A protein complex produced by sequentially activated components of the complement cascade inserted into a target cell membrane and forming a pore leading to cell lysis via ion and water flow." [GOC:add, ISBN:0198547684, ISBN:068340007X, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0005581
|
0 |
collagen trimer |
"A protein complex consisting of three collagen chains assembled into a left-handed triple helix. These trimers typically assemble into higher order structures." [GOC:dos, GOC:mah, ISBN:0721639976, PMID:19693541, PMID:21421911] |
|
GO:0005590
|
0 |
collagen type VII trimer |
"A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(VII) chains; type VII collagen triple helices form antiparallel dimer, which in turn associate laterally to form anchoring fibrils that connect type IV collagen in the basal lamina to plaques in the underlying connective tissue. It binds laminin." [ISBN:0721639976] {comment="PMID:19693541"} |
|
GO:0005601
|
0 |
classical-complement-pathway C3/C5 convertase complex |
"A heterodimeric protein complex that catalyzes the cleavage of complement components C3 and C5, and acts in the classical pathway of complement activation; consists of one monomer of C2a and one monomer of C4b; C2a is the catalytic subunit, but cannot catalyze cleavage alone." [BRENDA:3.4.21.43, GOC:mah, http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/C/Complement.html] |
|
GO:0005615
|
0 |
extracellular space |
"That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0005618
|
0 |
cell wall |
"The rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal, most prokaryotic cells and some protozoan parasites, maintaining their shape and protecting them from osmotic lysis. In plants it is made of cellulose and, often, lignin; in fungi it is composed largely of polysaccharides; in bacteria it is composed of peptidoglycan; in protozoan parasites such as Giardia species, it's made of carbohydrates and proteins." [GOC:giardia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbial_cyst, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:15134259] |
|
GO:0005619
|
0 |
ascospore wall |
"The specialized cell wall of the ascospore (spore), which is the product of meiotic division. Examples of this component are found in Fungi." [GOC:vw, ISBN:0879693568] |
|
GO:0005622
|
0 |
intracellular |
"The living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005623
|
0 |
cell |
"The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms. Includes the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0005627
|
0 |
obsolete ascus |
"OBSOLETE. A sac-like fruiting body (ascomycete Fungi); contains ascospores (typically eight in number)." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0005628
|
0 |
prospore membrane |
"The prospore membrane is a double-membraned structure that extends from the cytoplasmic face of the spindle pole bodies to encompass the spindle pole bodies and the four nuclear lobes that are formed during meiosis. It helps isolate the meiotic nuclei from the cytoplasm during spore formation and serves as a foundation for the formation of the spore walls. An example of this component is found in Schizosaccharomyces pombe." [ISBN:0879693649] |
|
GO:0005630
|
0 |
dityrosine layer of spore wall |
"The outermost layer of the spore wall, as described in Saccharomyces." [ISBN:0879693568] |
|
GO:0005631
|
0 |
chitosan layer of spore wall |
"The second outermost layer of the spore wall, as described in Saccharomyces." [ISBN:0879693568] |
|
GO:0005632
|
0 |
inner layer of spore wall |
"Either of the two innermost layers of the spore wall, as described in Saccharomyces." [ISBN:0879693568] |
|
GO:0005634
|
0 |
nucleus |
"A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0005635
|
0 |
nuclear envelope |
"The double lipid bilayer enclosing the nucleus and separating its contents from the rest of the cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space, a gap of width 20-40 nm (also called the perinuclear space)." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0005655
|
0 |
nucleolar ribonuclease P complex |
"A ribonuclease P complex located in the nucleolus of a eukaryotic cell, where it catalyzes the 5' endonucleolytic cleavage of precursor tRNAs to yield mature tRNAs. Eukaryotic nucleolar ribonuclease P complexes generally contain a single RNA molecule that is necessary but not sufficient for catalysis, and several protein molecules." [GOC:mah, PMID:12045094] |
|
GO:0005656
|
0 |
nuclear pre-replicative complex |
"A protein-DNA complex assembled at eukaryotic DNA replication origins during late mitosis and G1, allowing the origin to become competent, or 'licensed', for replication. The complex normally includes the origin recognition complex (ORC), Cdc6, Cdt1 and the MiniChromosome Maintenance (Mcm2-7) proteins." [PMID:15222894] |
|
GO:0005658
|
0 |
alpha DNA polymerase:primase complex |
"A complex of four polypeptides, comprising large and small DNA polymerase alpha subunits and two primase subunits, which catalyzes the synthesis of an RNA primer on the lagging strand of replicating DNA; the smaller of the two primase subunits alone can catalyze oligoribonucleotide synthesis." [GOC:mah, PMID:11395402] |
|
GO:0005662
|
0 |
DNA replication factor A complex |
"A conserved heterotrimeric complex that binds nonspecifically to single-stranded DNA and is required for multiple processes in eukaryotic DNA metabolism, including DNA replication, DNA repair, and recombination. In all eukaryotic organisms examined the complex is composed of subunits of approximately 70, 30, and 14 kDa." [PMID:9242902] |
|
GO:0005665
|
0 |
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II, core complex |
"RNA polymerase II, one of three nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerases found in all eukaryotes, is a multisubunit complex; typically it produces mRNAs, snoRNAs, and some of the snRNAs. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The largest subunit of RNA polymerase II contains an essential carboxyl-terminal domain (CTD) composed of a variable number of heptapeptide repeats (YSPTSPS). The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits (generally ten or more), some of which are also found in RNA polymerases I and III. Although the core is competent to mediate ribonucleic acid synthesis, it requires additional factors to select the appropriate template." [GOC:krc, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0005666
|
0 |
DNA-directed RNA polymerase III complex |
"RNA polymerase III, one of three nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerases found in all eukaryotes, is a multisubunit complex; typically it produces 5S rRNA, tRNAs and some of the small nuclear RNAs. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits (generally ten or more), some of which are also found in RNA polymerase I and others of which are also found in RNA polymerases I and II. Although the core is competent to mediate ribonucleic acid synthesis, it requires additional factors to select the appropriate template." [GOC:krc, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0005669
|
0 |
transcription factor TFIID complex |
"A complex composed of TATA binding protein (TBP) and TBP associated factors (TAFs); the total mass is typically about 800 kDa. Most of the TAFs are conserved across species. In TATA-containing promoters for RNA polymerase II (Pol II), TFIID is believed to recognize at least two distinct elements, the TATA element and a downstream promoter element. TFIID is also involved in recognition of TATA-less Pol II promoters. Binding of TFIID to DNA is necessary but not sufficient for transcription initiation from most RNA polymerase II promoters." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0471953393, ISBN:0879695501] |
|
GO:0005671
|
0 |
Ada2/Gcn5/Ada3 transcription activator complex |
"A multiprotein complex that possesses histone acetyltransferase and is involved in regulation of transcription. Contains either GCN5 or PCAF in a mutually exclusive manner. The budding yeast complex includes Gcn5p, two proteins of the Ada family, and two TBP-associate proteins (TAFs); analogous complexes in other species have analogous compositions, and usually contain homologs of the yeast proteins. Both ATAC- or SAGA (see GO:0000124, SAGA complex) are involved in the acetylation of histone H3K9 and K14 residues." [PMID:10637607] |
|
GO:0005680
|
0 |
anaphase-promoting complex |
"A ubiquitin ligase complex that degrades mitotic cyclins and anaphase inhibitory protein, thereby triggering sister chromatid separation and exit from mitosis. Substrate recognition by APC occurs through degradation signals, the most common of which is termed the Dbox degradation motif, originally discovered in cyclin B." [GOC:jh, GOC:vw, PMID:10465783, PMID:10611969] |
|
GO:0005681
|
0 |
spliceosomal complex |
"Any of a series of ribonucleoprotein complexes that contain snRNA(s) and small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs), and are formed sequentially during the spliceosomal splicing of one or more substrate RNAs, and which also contain the RNA substrate(s) from the initial target RNAs of splicing, the splicing intermediate RNA(s), to the final RNA products. During cis-splicing, the initial target RNA is a single, contiguous RNA transcript, whether mRNA, snoRNA, etc., and the released products are a spliced RNA and an excised intron, generally as a lariat structure. During trans-splicing, there are two initial substrate RNAs, the spliced leader RNA and a pre-mRNA." [GOC:editors, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:19239890] |
|
GO:0005682
|
0 |
U5 snRNP |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U5." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0005685
|
0 |
U1 snRNP |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U1." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0005686
|
0 |
U2 snRNP |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U2." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0005687
|
0 |
U4 snRNP |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U4." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0005688
|
0 |
U6 snRNP |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U6." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0005690
|
0 |
U4atac snRNP |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U4atac." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0005691
|
0 |
U6atac snRNP |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U6atac." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0005692
|
0 |
U11 snRNP |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U11." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0005693
|
0 |
U12 snRNP |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA U12." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0005696
|
0 |
obsolete telomere |
"OBSOLETE. A complex of DNA and protein that seals the end of a chromosome. The telomeric DNA consists of simple tandemly repeated sequences specific for each species. Typically one strand is G-rich and the other C-rich. The G-rich strand forms a 3'-terminal overhang, the length of which varies with species. The single strand overhang is bound by a variety of proteins, including telomere capping proteins that bind to the single-stranded DNA." [ISBN:0198506732, PMID:11352055] |
|
GO:0005698
|
0 |
obsolete centromere |
"OBSOLETE. The region of a eukaryotic chromosome that is attached to the spindle during nuclear division. It is defined genetically as the region of the chromosome that always segregates at the first division of meiosis; the region of the chromosome in which no crossing over occurs. At the start of M phase, each chromosome consists of two sister chromatids with a constriction at a point which forms the centromere. During late prophase two kinetochores assemble on each centromere, one kinetochore on each sister chromatid." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005704
|
0 |
polytene chromosome band |
"A stretch of densely packed chromatin along the polytene chromosome, visible as a morphologically distinct band." [GOC:bf, PMID:11361342] |
|
GO:0005706
|
0 |
polytene chromosome ectopic fiber |
"A thread-like connection joining two regions of ectopically paired polytene chromosomes." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0120649012] |
|
GO:0005707
|
0 |
obsolete interphase chromosome |
"OBSOLETE. A chromosome found in the cell during interphase of the cell cycle. Chromosomes are usually decondensed during interphase and each long DNA molecule in a chromosome is divided into a large number of discrete domains that are folded differently." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0005710
|
0 |
obsolete metaphase chromosome |
"OBSOLETE. A chromosome found in the cell during metaphase. Typically, sister chromatids are held together at their centromeres and chromosomes are covered with a large number of molecules, including ribonucleoproteins." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0005719
|
0 |
nuclear euchromatin |
"The dispersed less dense form of chromatin in the interphase nucleus. It exists in at least two forms, a some being in the form of transcriptionally active chromatin which is the least condensed, while the rest is inactive euchromatin which is more condensed than active chromatin but less condensed than heterochromatin." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005720
|
0 |
nuclear heterochromatin |
"A condensed form of chromatin, occurring in the nucleus during interphase, that stains strongly with basophilic dyes. The DNA of heterochromatin is typically replicated at a later stage in the cell-division cycle than euchromatin." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005722
|
0 |
beta-heterochromatin |
"A diffusely banded region of heterochromatin located between euchromatin and alpha-heterochromatin in the polytene chromosome chromocenter; normally replicated during polytenization." [PMID:11404334, PMID:8878678] |
|
GO:0005723
|
0 |
alpha-heterochromatin |
"A small, compact region of heterochromatin located in the middle of the polytene chromosome chromocenter, which undergoes little or no replication during polytenization." [PMID:8878678] |
|
GO:0005730
|
0 |
nucleolus |
"A small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is rich in RNA and protein, is not bounded by a limiting membrane, and is not seen during mitosis. Its prime function is the transcription of the nucleolar DNA into 45S ribosomal-precursor RNA, the processing of this RNA into 5.8S, 18S, and 28S components of ribosomal RNA, and the association of these components with 5S RNA and proteins synthesized outside the nucleolus. This association results in the formation of ribonucleoprotein precursors; these pass into the cytoplasm and mature into the 40S and 60S subunits of the ribosome." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005732
|
0 |
small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complex |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains an RNA molecule of the small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) family and associated proteins. Most are involved in a step of processing of rRNA: cleavage, 2'-O-methylation, or pseudouridylation. The majority, though not all, fall into one of two classes, box C/D type or box H/ACA type." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897] |
|
GO:0005733
|
0 |
obsolete small nucleolar RNA |
"OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0005736
|
0 |
DNA-directed RNA polymerase I complex |
"RNA polymerase I, one of three nuclear DNA-directed RNA polymerases found in all eukaryotes, is a multisubunit complex; typically it produces rRNAs. Two large subunits comprise the most conserved portion including the catalytic site and share similarity with other eukaryotic and bacterial multisubunit RNA polymerases. The remainder of the complex is composed of smaller subunits (generally ten or more), some of which are also found in RNA polymerase III and others of which are also found in RNA polymerases II and III. Although the core is competent to mediate ribonucleic acid synthesis, it requires additional factors to select the appropriate template." [GOC:krc, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0005737
|
0 |
cytoplasm |
"All of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0005739
|
0 |
mitochondrion |
"A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration." [GOC:giardia, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005742
|
0 |
mitochondrial outer membrane translocase complex |
"A large complex of the mitochondrial outer membrane that mediates transport of proteins into all mitochondrial compartments." [PMID:12581629] |
|
GO:0005757
|
0 |
mitochondrial permeability transition pore complex |
"A protein complex that connects the inner and outer membranes of animal mitochondria and acts as a pore that can open transiently to allow free diffusion of solutes between the mitochondrial matrix and the cytosol. The pore complex is formed of the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), the adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) and cyclophilin-D (CyP-D)." [PMID:10393078] |
|
GO:0005760
|
0 |
gamma DNA polymerase complex |
"A DNA polymerase complex consisting of a large subunit, responsible for the catalytic activities, and a small accessory subunit. Functions in the replication and repair of mitochondrial DNA." [GOC:jl, PMID:12045093] |
|
GO:0005763
|
0 |
mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit |
"The smaller of the two subunits of a mitochondrial ribosome." [GOC:mcc] |
|
GO:0005764
|
0 |
lysosome |
"A small lytic vacuole that has cell cycle-independent morphology and is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases, most of which have their maximal activities in the pH range 5-6. The contained enzymes display latency if properly isolated. About 40 different lysosomal hydrolases are known and lysosomes have a great variety of morphologies and functions." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005777
|
0 |
peroxisome |
"A small organelle enclosed by a single membrane, and found in most eukaryotic cells. Contains peroxidases and other enzymes involved in a variety of metabolic processes including free radical detoxification, lipid catabolism and biosynthesis, and hydrogen peroxide metabolism." [GOC:pm, PMID:9302272, UniProtKB-KW:KW-0576] |
|
GO:0005782
|
0 |
peroxisomal matrix |
"The volume contained within the membranes of a peroxisome; in many cells the matrix contains a crystalloid core largely composed of urate oxidase." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0005783
|
0 |
endoplasmic reticulum |
"The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached)." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005786
|
0 |
signal recognition particle, endoplasmic reticulum targeting |
"A ribonucleoprotein particle of 325 kDa composed of a 7S (300 nucleotide) RNA molecule and a complex of six different polypeptides. This binds both to the N-terminal signal peptide for proteins destined for the endoplasmic reticulum as they emerge from the large ribosomal subunit and also to the ribosome. This binding arrests further translation thereby preventing the proteins from being released into the cytosol. The SRP-ribosome complex then diffuses to the endoplasmic reticulum where it is bound to the signal recognition particle receptor, which allows resumption of protein synthesis and facilitates the passage of the growing polypeptide chain through the translocon. Through a process involving GTP hydrolysis, the SRP-SRP receptor complex dissociates and SRP returns to the cytosol. Of the six polypeptides of SRP the 54 kDa subunit (SRP54) is the central player. It contains an N-terminal GTPase domain and a C-terminal domain that binds directly to the signal peptide and the SRP RNA. Examples of this component are found in Mus musculus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005792
|
0 |
obsolete microsome |
"OBSOLETE: Any of the small, heterogeneous, artifactual, vesicular particles, 50-150 nm in diameter, that are formed when some eukaryotic cells are homogenized and that sediment on centrifugation at 100000 g." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005794
|
0 |
Golgi apparatus |
"A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005795
|
0 |
Golgi stack |
"The set of thin, flattened membrane-bounded compartments, called cisternae, that form the central portion of the Golgi complex. The stack usually comprises cis, medial, and trans cisternae; the cis- and trans-Golgi networks are not considered part of the stack." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0005803
|
0 |
obsolete secretory vesicle |
"OBSOLETE. A small subcellular vesicle, or granule, surrounded by a single-layered membrane; formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0005813
|
0 |
centrosome |
"A structure comprised of a core structure (in most organisms, a pair of centrioles) and peripheral material from which a microtubule-based structure, such as a spindle apparatus, is organized. Centrosomes occur close to the nucleus during interphase in many eukaryotic cells, though in animal cells it changes continually during the cell-division cycle." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0005814
|
0 |
centriole |
"A cellular organelle, found close to the nucleus in many eukaryotic cells, consisting of a small cylinder with microtubular walls, 300-500 nm long and 150-250 nm in diameter. It contains nine short, parallel, peripheral microtubular fibrils, each fibril consisting of one complete microtubule fused to two incomplete microtubules. Cells usually have two centrioles, lying at right angles to each other. At division, each pair of centrioles generates another pair and the twin pairs form the pole of the mitotic spindle." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0005816
|
0 |
spindle pole body |
"The microtubule organizing center in fungi; functionally homologous to the animal cell centrosome." [ISBN:0879693568] |
|
GO:0005827
|
0 |
polar microtubule |
"Any of the spindle microtubules that come from each pole and overlap at the spindle midzone. This interdigitating structure consisting of antiparallel microtubules is responsible for pushing the poles of the spindle apart." [ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0005831
|
0 |
steroid hormone aporeceptor complex |
"A protein complex consisting of a steroid receptor associated with nonreceptor proteins, minimally a dimer of Hsp90 and a monomer of hsp56/FKBP59; forms in the absence of bound ligand." [PMID:7493981] |
|
GO:0005840
|
0 |
ribosome |
"An intracellular organelle, about 200 A in diameter, consisting of RNA and protein. It is the site of protein biosynthesis resulting from translation of messenger RNA (mRNA). It consists of two subunits, one large and one small, each containing only protein and RNA. Both the ribosome and its subunits are characterized by their sedimentation coefficients, expressed in Svedberg units (symbol: S). Hence, the prokaryotic ribosome (70S) comprises a large (50S) subunit and a small (30S) subunit, while the eukaryotic ribosome (80S) comprises a large (60S) subunit and a small (40S) subunit. Two sites on the ribosomal large subunit are involved in translation, namely the aminoacyl site (A site) and peptidyl site (P site). Ribosomes from prokaryotes, eukaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts have characteristically distinct ribosomal proteins." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005856
|
0 |
cytoskeleton |
"Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the cell. The various elements of the cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of cellular shape but also have roles in other cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16959967] |
|
GO:0005861
|
0 |
troponin complex |
"A complex of accessory proteins (typically troponin T, troponin I and troponin C) found associated with actin in muscle thin filaments; involved in calcium regulation of muscle contraction." [ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0005871
|
0 |
kinesin complex |
"Any complex that includes a dimer of molecules from the kinesin superfamily, a group of related proteins that contain an extended region of predicted alpha-helical coiled coil in the main chain that likely produces dimerization. The native complexes of several kinesin family members have also been shown to contain additional peptides, often designated light chains as all of the noncatalytic subunits that are currently known are smaller than the chain that contains the motor unit. Kinesin complexes generally possess a force-generating enzymatic activity, or motor, which converts the free energy of the gamma phosphate bond of ATP into mechanical work." [GOC:mah, http://www.proweb.org/kinesin//KinesinMotility.html, http://www.proweb.org/kinesin//KinesinStructure.html] |
|
GO:0005874
|
0 |
microtubule |
"Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle." [ISBN:0879693568] |
|
GO:0005882
|
0 |
intermediate filament |
"A cytoskeletal structure that forms a distinct elongated structure, characteristically 10 nm in diameter, that occurs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. Intermediate filaments form a fibrous system, composed of chemically heterogeneous subunits and involved in mechanically integrating the various components of the cytoplasmic space. Intermediate filaments may be divided into five chemically distinct classes: Type I, acidic keratins; Type II, basic keratins; Type III, including desmin, vimentin and others; Type IV, neurofilaments and related filaments; and Type V, lamins." [http://www.cytochemistry.net/Cell-biology/intermediate_filaments.htm, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005890
|
0 |
sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPase complex |
"Sodium:potassium-exchanging ATPases are tetrameric proteins, consisting of two large alpha subunits and two smaller beta subunits. The alpha subunits bear the active site and penetrate the membrane, while the beta subunits carry oligosaccharide groups and face the cell exterior." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005901
|
0 |
caveola |
"A membrane raft that forms small pit, depression, or invagination that communicates with the outside of a cell and extends inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane. Examples include flask-shaped invaginations of the plasma membrane in adipocytes associated with caveolin proteins, and minute pits or incuppings of the cell membrane formed during pinocytosis. Caveolae may be pinched off to form free vesicles within the cytoplasm." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0721662544, PMID:16645198] |
|
GO:0005902
|
0 |
microvillus |
"Thin cylindrical membrane-covered projections on the surface of an animal cell containing a core bundle of actin filaments. Present in especially large numbers on the absorptive surface of intestinal cells." [ISBN:0813516194] |
|
GO:0005914
|
0 |
spot adherens junction |
"A small cell-cell adherens junction assembled during the cellularization stage of insect embyrogenesis; spot adherens junctions later fuse to form the zonula adherens." [PMID:11700298] |
|
GO:0005917
|
0 |
nephrocyte diaphragm |
"A specialized cell-cell junction found between nephrocytes of the insect kidney, which is adapted for filtration of hemolymph. The insect nephrocyte is anatomically and functionally similar to the glomerular podocyte of vertebrates." [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10, GOC:sart, PMID:18971929] |
|
GO:0005921
|
0 |
gap junction |
"A cell-cell junction that is composed of an array of small channels that permit small molecules to pass from one cell to another. At gap junctions, the membranes of two adjacent cells are separated by a uniform narrow gap of about 2-4 nm that is spanned by channel-forming proteins called connexins, which form hexagonal tubes called connexons." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_muscle, http://www.vivo.colostate.edu/hbooks/cmb/cells/pmemb/junctions_g.html, ISBN:0815332181] |
|
GO:0005925
|
0 |
focal adhesion |
"Small region on the surface of a cell that anchors the cell to the extracellular matrix and that forms a point of termination of actin filaments." [ISBN:0124325653, ISBN:0815316208] |
|
GO:0005926
|
0 |
connecting hemi-adherens junction |
"A cell-substrate adherens junction, also known as a hemiadherens junction (HAJ) that forms one of a pair of junctions in opposing cells that are separated by only 30-40nm, with a thin line of extracellular electron-dense material in between; found where muscles attach to epidermal cells directly (in insects)." [http://flybase.bio.indiana.edu/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aignfam/junction.htm] |
|
GO:0005930
|
0 |
axoneme |
"The bundle of microtubules and associated proteins that forms the core of cilia (also called flagella) in eukaryotic cells and is responsible for their movements." [GOC:bf, GOC:cilia, ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0005933
|
0 |
cellular bud |
"A protuberance from a cell of an organism that reproduces by budding, which will grow larger and become a separate daughter cell after nuclear division, cytokinesis, and cell wall formation (when appropriate). The daughter cell may completely separate from the mother cell, or the mother and daughter cells may remain associated." [GOC:sgd_curators] |
|
GO:0005940
|
0 |
septin ring |
"A tight ring-shaped structure that forms in the division plane at the site of cytokinesis; composed of members of the conserved family of filament-forming proteins called septins as well as septin-associated proteins. This type of septin structure is observed at the bud neck of budding fungal cells, at the site of cell division in animal cells, at the junction between the mother cell and a pseudohyphal projection, and also within hyphae of filamentous fungi at sites where a septum will form." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:16009555, PMID:16151244] |
|
GO:0005942
|
0 |
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex |
"A protein complex capable of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity and containing subunits of any phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) enzyme. These complexes are divided in three classes (called I, II and III) that differ for their presence across taxonomic groups and for the type of their constituents. Catalytic subunits of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase enzymes are present in all 3 classes; regulatory subunits of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase enzymes are present in classes I and III; adaptor proteins have been observed in class II complexes and may be present in other classes too." [GOC:bf, PMID:24587488] |
|
GO:0005943
|
0 |
phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, class IA |
"A class I phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex that possesses 1-phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 3-kinase activity; comprises a catalytic class IA phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) subunit and an associated SH2 domain-containing regulatory subunit that is a member of a family of related proteins often called p85 proteins. Through the interaction with the SH2-containing adaptor subunits, Class IA PI3K catalytic subunits are linked to tyrosine kinase signaling pathways." [PMID:9255069, PMID:9759495] |
|
GO:0005945
|
0 |
6-phosphofructokinase complex |
"A protein complex that possesses 6-phosphofructokinase activity; homodimeric, homooctameric, and allosteric homotetrameric forms are known." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0005948
|
0 |
acetolactate synthase complex |
"A dimeric (a large and a small chain) or tetrameric (two large and two small chains) enzyme complex. Catalyzes the formation of acetolactate from pyruvate." [BRENDA:2.2.1.6, GOC:jl, PMID:16458324, PMID:8756689] |
|
GO:0005951
|
0 |
carbamoyl-phosphate synthase complex |
"A protein complex that catalyzes the formation of carbamoyl phosphate; comprises a small subunit that binds and cleaves glutamine, and a large subunit that accepts the ammonia group cleaved from glutamine, binds all of the remaining substrates and effectors, and carries out all of the other catalytic events." [PMID:8626695] |
|
GO:0005953
|
0 |
CAAX-protein geranylgeranyltransferase complex |
"A heterodimeric enzyme, composed of an alpha and a beta subunit. Participates in the post-translational C-terminal modification of several small GTPases, allowing their targeting to the membrane." [PMID:9781874] |
|
GO:0005967
|
0 |
mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex |
"Complex that carries out the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetyl-CoA in eukaryotes; includes subunits possessing three catalytic activities: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (E2), and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). The This Eukaryotic form usually contains more subunits than its bacterial counterpart; for example, one known complex contains 30 E1 dimers, 60 E2 monomers, and 6 E3 dimers as well as a few copies of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase and pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0471331309, ISBN:0716720094] |
|
GO:0005971
|
0 |
ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase complex |
"An enzyme complex composed of 2-4 or more subunits, which usually contains nonheme iron and requires ATP for catalysis. Catalyzes the formation of 2'-deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate from ribonucleoside diphosphate, using either thioredoxin disulfide or glutaredoxin disulfide as an acceptor." [BRENDA:1.17.4.1] |
|
GO:0005976
|
69 |
polysaccharide metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving a polysaccharide, a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically." [CHEBI:18154, ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0006014
|
1 |
D-ribose metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-ribose (ribo-pentose). As beta-D-ribofuranose, D-ribose forms the glycose group of all ribonucleosides, ribonucleotides and ribonucleic acids, and also of ribose phosphates, various glycosides, some coenzymes and some forms of vitamin B12." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0006037
|
2 |
cell wall chitin metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving cell wall chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in the walls of cells." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0006038
|
2 |
cell wall chitin biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cell wall chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in the walls of cells." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0006039
|
0 |
cell wall chitin catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cell wall chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of beta-(1->4)-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in the walls of cells." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0006063
|
70 |
uronic acid metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving uronic acid, any monocarboxylic acid formally derived by oxidizing to a carboxyl group the terminal hydroxymethylene group of either an aldose with four or more carbon atoms in the molecule, or of any glycoside derived from such an aldose." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0006096
|
24 |
glycolytic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a carbohydrate into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP and the reduction of NAD(P) to NAD(P)H. Glycolysis begins with the metabolism of a carbohydrate to generate products that can enter the pathway and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to acetyl-coenzyme A, ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, ISBN:0201090910, ISBN:0716720094, ISBN:0879010479, Wikipedia:Glycolysis] |
|
GO:0006107
|
2 |
oxaloacetate metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving oxaloacetate, the anion of oxobutanedioic acid, an important intermediate in metabolism, especially as a component of the TCA cycle." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0006113
|
0 |
fermentation |
"The anaerobic enzymatic conversion of organic compounds, especially carbohydrates, coupling the oxidation and reduction of NAD/H and the generation of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0201090910, ISBN:124925502, MetaCyc:Fermentation] |
|
GO:0006200
|
0 |
obsolete ATP catabolic process |
"OBSOLETE. The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0006260
|
104 |
DNA replication |
"The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0006269
|
3 |
DNA replication, synthesis of RNA primer |
"The synthesis of a short RNA polymer, usually 4-15 nucleotides long, using one strand of unwound DNA as a template; the RNA then serves as a primer from which DNA polymerases extend synthesis." [PMID:11395402] |
|
GO:0006273
|
12 |
lagging strand elongation |
"The synthesis of DNA from a template strand in a net 3' to 5' direction. Lagging strand DNA elongation proceeds by discontinuous synthesis of short stretches of DNA, known as Okazaki fragments, from RNA primers; these fragments are then joined by DNA ligase. Although each segment of nascent DNA is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction, the overall direction of lagging strand synthesis is 3' to 5', mirroring the progress of the replication fork." [ISBN:071673706X, ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0006283
|
1 |
transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair |
"The nucleotide-excision repair process that carries out preferential repair of DNA lesions on the actively transcribed strand of the DNA duplex. In addition, the transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair pathway is required for the recognition and repair of a small subset of lesions that are not recognized by the global genome nucleotide excision repair pathway." [PMID:10197977, PMID:11900249] |
|
GO:0006284
|
11 |
base-excision repair |
"In base excision repair, an altered base is removed by a DNA glycosylase enzyme, followed by excision of the resulting sugar phosphate. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase." [ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0006289
|
22 |
nucleotide-excision repair |
"A DNA repair process in which a small region of the strand surrounding the damage is removed from the DNA helix as an oligonucleotide. The small gap left in the DNA helix is filled in by the sequential action of DNA polymerase and DNA ligase. Nucleotide excision repair recognizes a wide range of substrates, including damage caused by UV irradiation (pyrimidine dimers and 6-4 photoproducts) and chemicals (intrastrand cross-links and bulky adducts)." [PMID:10197977] |
|
GO:0006303
|
6 |
double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining |
"The repair of a double-strand break in DNA in which the two broken ends are rejoined with little or no sequence complementarity. Information at the DNA ends may be lost due to the modification of broken DNA ends. This term covers instances of separate pathways, called classical (or canonical) and alternative nonhomologous end joining (C-NHEJ and A-NHEJ). These in turn may further branch into sub-pathways, but evidence is still unclear." [GOC:rph, PMID:10827453, PMID:24837021] |
|
GO:0006305
|
2 |
DNA alkylation |
"The addition of alkyl groups to many positions on all four bases of DNA. Alkylating agents can also modify the bases of incoming nucleotides in the course of DNA synthesis." [ISBN:0716735970] |
|
GO:0006309
|
12 |
apoptotic DNA fragmentation |
"The cleavage of DNA during apoptosis, which usually occurs in two stages: cleavage into fragments of about 50 kbp followed by cleavage between nucleosomes to yield 200 bp fragments." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb, ISBN:0721639976, PMID:15723341, PMID:23379520] |
|
GO:0006311
|
1 |
meiotic gene conversion |
"The cell cycle process in which genetic information is transferred from one helix to another. It often occurs in association with general genetic recombination events, and is believed to be a straightforward consequence of the mechanisms of general recombination and DNA repair. For example, meiosis might yield three copies of the maternal version of an allele and only one copy of the paternal allele, indicating that one of the two copies of the paternal allele has been changed to a copy of the maternal allele." [ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0006314
|
0 |
intron homing |
"Lateral transfer of an intron to a homologous allele that lacks the intron, mediated by a site-specific endonuclease encoded within the mobile intron." [PMID:10487208] |
|
GO:0006315
|
0 |
homing of group II introns |
"Lateral transfer of a group II intron to a homologous allele that lacks the intron, mediated by a site-specific endonuclease encoded within the mobile intron; group II introns are self-splicing introns with a conserved secondary structure." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:10487208] |
|
GO:0006316
|
0 |
movement of group I intron |
"Lateral transfer of a group I intron to a homologous allele that lacks the intron, mediated by a site-specific endonuclease encoded within the mobile intron; group I introns are self-splicing introns that use guanosine as a cofactor in the splicing reaction." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:10487208] |
|
GO:0006342
|
24 |
chromatin silencing |
"Repression of transcription by altering the structure of chromatin, e.g. by conversion of large regions of DNA into an inaccessible state often called heterochromatin." [GOC:mah, PMID:10219245] |
|
GO:0006343
|
0 |
establishment of chromatin silencing |
"The initial formation of a transcriptionally silent chromatin structure such as heterochromatin." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0006344
|
0 |
maintenance of chromatin silencing |
"The maintenance of chromatin in a transcriptionally silent state such as heterochromatin." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0006366
|
426 |
transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter |
"The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template by RNA polymerase II, originating at an RNA polymerase II promoter. Includes transcription of messenger RNA (mRNA) and certain small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs)." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH, ISBN:0321000382] |
|
GO:0006390
|
2 |
transcription from mitochondrial promoter |
"The synthesis of RNA from a mitochondrial DNA template, usually by a specific mitochondrial RNA polymerase." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0006398
|
1 |
mRNA 3'-end processing by stem-loop binding and cleavage |
"Any mRNA 3'-end processing that involves the binding to and cleavage of a stem-loop structure. For example, histone mRNAs contain a highly conserved stem-loop sequence at the 3' end of the mRNA with a 6 base pairs (bp) stem and a 4-nt loop. The mRNA is cleaved between these two elements, after the fourth or fifth nucleotide, which is typically an adenosine." [GOC:mah, GOC:tb, PMID:17998288] |
|
GO:0006399
|
109 |
tRNA metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving tRNA, transfer RNA, a class of relatively small RNA molecules responsible for mediating the insertion of amino acids into the sequence of nascent polypeptide chains during protein synthesis. Transfer RNA is characterized by the presence of many unusual minor bases, the function of which has not been completely established." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0006400
|
46 |
tRNA modification |
"The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within a tRNA molecule to produce a tRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0006407
|
1 |
rRNA export from nucleus |
"The directed movement of rRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm; the rRNA is usually in the form of ribonucleoproteins." [GOC:ma, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0006412
|
379 |
translation |
"The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0006415
|
10 |
translational termination |
"The process resulting in the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome, usually in response to a termination codon (UAA, UAG, or UGA in the universal genetic code)." [GOC:hjd, ISBN:019879276X] |
|
GO:0006488
|
6 |
dolichol-linked oligosaccharide biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dolichol-linked oligosaccharide, usually by a stepwise addition of glycosyl chains to endoplasmic reticulum membrane-bound dolichol-P." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0471331309] |
|
GO:0006491
|
12 |
N-glycan processing |
"The conversion of N-linked glycan (N = nitrogen) structures from the initially transferred oligosaccharide to a mature form, by the actions of glycosidases and glycosyltransferases. The early processing steps are conserved and play roles in glycoprotein folding and trafficking." [ISBN:0879695595, PMID:12736198] |
|
GO:0006505
|
20 |
GPI anchor metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchors, molecular mechanisms for attaching membrane proteins to the lipid bilayer of cell membranes. Structurally they consist of a molecule of phosphatidylinositol to which is linked, via the C-6 hydroxyl of the inositol, a carbohydrate chain. This chain is in turn linked to the protein through an ethanolamine phosphate group, the amino group of which is in amide linkage with the C-terminal carboxyl of the protein chain, the phosphate group being esterified to the C-6 hydroxyl of the terminal mannose of the core carbohydrate chain." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0006508
|
687 |
proteolysis |
"The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their peptide bonds." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0006516
|
22 |
glycoprotein catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0006576
|
37 |
cellular biogenic amine metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways occurring at the level of individual cells involving any of a group of naturally occurring, biologically active amines, such as norepinephrine, histamine, and serotonin, many of which act as neurotransmitters." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172] |
|
GO:0006582
|
2 |
melanin metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving melanins, pigments largely of animal origin. High molecular weight polymers of indole quinone, they are irregular polymeric structures and are divided into three groups: allomelanins in the plant kingdom and eumelanins and phaeomelanins in the animal kingdom." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0006584
|
6 |
catecholamine metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of a group of physiologically important biogenic amines that possess a catechol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) nucleus and are derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0006605
|
118 |
protein targeting |
"The process of targeting specific proteins to particular regions of the cell, typically membrane-bounded subcellular organelles. Usually requires an organelle specific protein sequence motif." [GOC:ma] |
|
GO:0006608
|
0 |
snRNP protein import into nucleus |
"The directed movement of a small nuclear ribonucleoprotein from the cytoplasm into the nucleus, across the nuclear membrane." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0006612
|
23 |
protein targeting to membrane |
"The process of directing proteins towards a membrane, usually using signals contained within the protein." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0006615
|
0 |
SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane, docking |
"The process in which an SRP-bound ribosome forms a complex with the SRP receptor in the ER membrane, allowing the ribosome to bind to the membrane, during cotranslational membrane targeting." [ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0006616
|
2 |
SRP-dependent cotranslational protein targeting to membrane, translocation |
"The process during cotranslational membrane targeting wherein proteins move across a membrane. SRP and its receptor initiate the transfer of the nascent chain across the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane; they then dissociate from the chain, which is transferred to a set of transmembrane proteins, collectively called the translocon. Once the nascent chain translocon complex is assembled, the elongating chain passes directly from the large ribosomal subunit into the centers of the translocon, a protein-lined channel within the membrane. The growing chain is never exposed to the cytosol and does not fold until it reaches the ER lumen." [ISBN:0716731363] |
|
GO:0006621
|
3 |
protein retention in ER lumen |
"The retention in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen of soluble resident proteins. Sorting receptors retrieve proteins with ER localization signals, such as KDEL and HDEL sequences or some transmembrane domains, that have escaped to the cis-Golgi network and return them to the ER. Abnormally folded proteins and unassembled subunits are also selectively retained in the ER." [ISBN:0716731363, PMID:12972550] |
|
GO:0006623
|
13 |
protein targeting to vacuole |
"The process of directing proteins towards the vacuole, usually using signals contained within the protein." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0006625
|
10 |
protein targeting to peroxisome |
"The process of directing proteins towards the peroxisome, usually using signals contained within the protein." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0006626
|
24 |
protein targeting to mitochondrion |
"The process of directing proteins towards and into the mitochondrion, usually mediated by mitochondrial proteins that recognize signals contained within the imported protein." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0716731363] |
|
GO:0006627
|
4 |
protein processing involved in protein targeting to mitochondrion |
"The cleavage of peptide bonds in proteins, usually near the N terminus, contributing to the process of import into the mitochondrion. Several different peptidases mediate cleavage of proteins destined for different mitochondrial compartments." [GOC:mcc, PMID:12191769] |
|
GO:0006631
|
104 |
fatty acid metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving fatty acids, aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0006633
|
42 |
fatty acid biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a fatty acid, any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty acids are predominantly straight-chain acids of 4 to 24 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated; branched fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acids also occur, and very long chain acids of over 30 carbons are found in waxes." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0006641
|
10 |
triglyceride metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving triglyceride, any triester of glycerol. The three fatty acid residues may all be the same or differ in any permutation. Triglycerides are important components of plant oils, animal fats and animal plasma lipoproteins." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0006664
|
30 |
glycolipid metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycolipids, a class of 1,2-di-O-acylglycerols joined at oxygen 3 by a glycosidic linkage to a carbohydrate part (usually a mono-, di- or tri-saccharide). Some substances classified as bacterial glycolipids have the sugar group acylated by one or more fatty acids and the glycerol group may be absent." [CHEBI:33563, ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0006691
|
1 |
leukotriene metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving leukotriene, a pharmacologically active substance derived from a polyunsaturated fatty acid, such as arachidonic acid." [GOC:ma] |
|
GO:0006693
|
0 |
prostaglandin metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving prostaglandins, any of a group of biologically active metabolites which contain a cyclopentane ring due to the formation of a bond between two carbons of a fatty acid. They have a wide range of biological activities." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0006754
|
27 |
ATP biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ATP, adenosine 5'-triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0006766
|
9 |
vitamin metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving vitamins. Vitamin is a general term for a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body. Vitamins may be water-soluble or fat-soluble and usually serve as components of coenzyme systems." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0006772
|
1 |
thiamine metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving thiamine (vitamin B1), a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver." [CHEBI:18385, GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0006776
|
0 |
vitamin A metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of the vitamin A compounds, retinol, retinal (retinaldehyde) and retinoic acid, all of which are derivatives of beta-carotene." [GOC:jl, http://www.dentistry.leeds.ac.uk/biochem/thcme/vitamins.html#k] |
|
GO:0006790
|
117 |
sulfur compound metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving the nonmetallic element sulfur or compounds that contain sulfur, such as the amino acids methionine and cysteine or the tripeptide glutathione." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0006793
|
1192 |
phosphorus metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving the nonmetallic element phosphorus or compounds that contain phosphorus, usually in the form of a phosphate group (PO4)." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0006810
|
2356 |
transport |
"The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0006811
|
748 |
ion transport |
"The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0006812
|
446 |
cation transport |
"The directed movement of cations, atoms or small molecules with a net positive charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0006820
|
266 |
anion transport |
"The directed movement of anions, atoms or small molecules with a net negative charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0006823
|
0 |
obsolete heavy metal ion transport |
"OBSOLETE. The directed movement of heavy metal ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Heavy metals are those that can form a coordination bond with a protein, as opposed to an alkali or alkaline-earth metal that can only form an ionic bond; this definition includes the following biologically relevant heavy metals: Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, V, W, Zn." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0006832
|
0 |
obsolete small molecule transport |
"OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0006838
|
0 |
obsolete allantoin/allantoate transport |
"OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0006857
|
3 |
oligopeptide transport |
"The directed movement of oligopeptides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Oligopeptides are molecules that contain a small number (2 to 20) of amino-acid residues connected by peptide linkages." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0006888
|
41 |
ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport |
"The directed movement of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, mediated by COP II vesicles. Small COP II coated vesicles form from the ER and then fuse directly with the cis-Golgi. Larger structures are transported along microtubules to the cis-Golgi." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:jp, GOC:tb, ISBN:0716731363] |
|
GO:0006891
|
26 |
intra-Golgi vesicle-mediated transport |
"The directed movement of substances within the Golgi, mediated by small transport vesicles. These either fuse with the cis-Golgi or with each other to form the membrane stacks known as the cis-Golgi reticulum (network)." [ISBN:0716731363] |
|
GO:0006892
|
13 |
post-Golgi vesicle-mediated transport |
"The directed movement of substances from the Golgi to other parts of the cell, including organelles and the plasma membrane, mediated by small transport vesicles." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0006894
|
0 |
obsolete Golgi to secretory vesicle transport |
"OBSOLETE. The directed movement of proteins from the Golgi to one of two types of secretory vesicle. Continuously secreted proteins are sorted into transport vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane, releasing their contents by exocytosis. Specialized secretory cells have a second secretory pathway in which soluble proteins and other substances are initially stored in secretory vesicles for later release." [ISBN:0716731363] |
|
GO:0006897
|
885 |
endocytosis |
"A vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0716731363] |
|
GO:0006898
|
742 |
receptor-mediated endocytosis |
"An endocytosis process in which cell surface receptors ensure specificity of transport. A specific receptor on the cell surface binds tightly to the extracellular macromolecule (the ligand) that it recognizes; the plasma-membrane region containing the receptor-ligand complex then undergoes endocytosis, forming a transport vesicle containing the receptor-ligand complex and excluding most other plasma-membrane proteins. Receptor-mediated endocytosis generally occurs via clathrin-coated pits and vesicles." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716731363] |
|
GO:0006907
|
4 |
pinocytosis |
"An endocytosis process that results in the uptake of liquid material by cells from their external environment; literally 'cell drinking'. Liquid is enclosed in vesicles, called pinosomes, formed by invagination of the plasma membrane." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0006909
|
125 |
phagocytosis |
"An endocytosis process that results in the engulfment of external particulate material by phagocytes. The particles are initially contained within phagocytic vacuoles (phagosomes), which then fuse with primary lysosomes to effect digestion of the particles." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0006910
|
2 |
phagocytosis, recognition |
"The initial step in phagocytosis involving adhesion to bacteria, immune complexes and other particulate matter, or an apoptotic cell and based on recognition of factors such as bacterial cell wall components, opsonins like complement and antibody or protein receptors and lipids like phosphatidyl serine, and leading to intracellular signaling in the phagocytosing cell." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0006914
|
75 |
autophagy |
"The process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm; allows for both recycling of macromolecular constituents under conditions of cellular stress and remodeling the intracellular structure for cell differentiation." [GOC:autophagy, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:11099404, PMID:9412464] |
|
GO:0006915
|
551 |
apoptotic process |
"A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died." [GOC:cjm, GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:18846107, PMID:21494263] |
|
GO:0006939
|
8 |
smooth muscle contraction |
"A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. Smooth muscle differs from striated muscle in the much higher actin/myosin ratio, the absence of conspicuous sarcomeres and the ability to contract to a much smaller fraction of its resting length." [GOC:ef, GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_muscle, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0006949
|
9 |
syncytium formation |
"The formation of a syncytium, a mass of cytoplasm containing several nuclei enclosed within a single plasma membrane. Syncytia are normally derived from single cells that fuse or fail to complete cell division." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0006950
|
1109 |
response to stress |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0006956
|
0 |
complement activation |
"Any process involved in the activation of any of the steps of the complement cascade, which allows for the direct killing of microbes, the disposal of immune complexes, and the regulation of other immune processes; the initial steps of complement activation involve one of three pathways, the classical pathway, the alternative pathway, and the lectin pathway, all of which lead to the terminal complement pathway." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0006957
|
0 |
complement activation, alternative pathway |
"Any process involved in the activation of any of the steps of the alternative pathway of the complement cascade which allows for the direct killing of microbes and the regulation of other immune processes." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0006958
|
0 |
complement activation, classical pathway |
"Any process involved in the activation of any of the steps of the classical pathway of the complement cascade which allows for the direct killing of microbes, the disposal of immune complexes, and the regulation of other immune processes." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0006984
|
3 |
ER-nucleus signaling pathway |
"Any series of molecular signals that conveys information from the endoplasmic reticulum to the nucleus, usually resulting in a change in transcriptional regulation." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0006985
|
0 |
positive regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity by ER overload response |
"The conversion of inactive NF-kappaB to the active form, thereby allowing it to activate transcription of target genes, as a result of signaling from the endoplasmic reticulum." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb, PMID:10390516] |
|
GO:0007028
|
13 |
cytoplasm organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is all of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [GOC:curators, GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0007031
|
16 |
peroxisome organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a peroxisome. A peroxisome is a small, membrane-bounded organelle that uses dioxygen (O2) to oxidize organic molecules." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0007039
|
0 |
protein catabolic process in the vacuole |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein in the vacuole, usually by the action of vacuolar proteases." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0007049
|
700 |
cell cycle |
"The progression of biochemical and morphological phases and events that occur in a cell during successive cell replication or nuclear replication events. Canonically, the cell cycle comprises the replication and segregation of genetic material followed by the division of the cell, but in endocycles or syncytial cells nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_cell_cycle] |
|
GO:0007059
|
231 |
chromosome segregation |
"The process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized into specific structures and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets. In eukaryotes, chromosome segregation begins with the condensation of chromosomes, includes chromosome separation, and ends when chromosomes have completed movement to the spindle poles." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_cell_cycle, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0007060
|
5 |
male meiosis chromosome segregation |
"The cell cycle process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets during the meiotic cell cycle in a male." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0007067
|
168 |
mitotic nuclear division |
"A cell cycle process comprising the steps by which the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell divides; the process involves condensation of chromosomal DNA into a highly compacted form. Canonically, mitosis produces two daughter nuclei whose chromosome complement is identical to that of the mother cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:ma, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0007099
|
5 |
centriole replication |
"The cell cycle process in which a daughter centriole is formed perpendicular to an existing centriole. An immature centriole contains a ninefold radially symmetric array of single microtubules; mature centrioles consist of a radial array of nine microtubule triplets, doublets, or singlets depending upon the species and cell type." [GOC:kmv, ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0007100
|
4 |
mitotic centrosome separation |
"Separation of duplicated centrosome components at the beginning of mitosis. The centriole pair within each centrosome becomes part of a separate microtubule organizing center that nucleates a radial array of microtubules called an aster. The two asters move to opposite sides of the nucleus to form the two poles of the mitotic spindle." [ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0007109
|
0 |
obsolete cytokinesis, completion of separation |
"OBSOLETE. The process of finishing cell separation, which results in two physically separated cells." [GOC:clt, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0007124
|
0 |
pseudohyphal growth |
"A pattern of cell growth that occurs in conditions of nitrogen limitation and abundant fermentable carbon source. Cells become elongated, switch to a unipolar budding pattern, remain physically attached to each other, and invade the growth substrate." [GOC:krc, PMID:11104818] |
|
GO:0007146
|
0 |
meiotic recombination nodule assembly |
"During meiosis, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of strand exchange proteins (recombinases) to form small, electron dense structures in association with meiotic chromosomes." [GOC:jl, PMID:9334324] |
|
GO:0007164
|
4 |
establishment of tissue polarity |
"Coordinated organization of groups of cells in a tissue, such that they all orient to similar coordinates." [GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0007264
|
146 |
small GTPase mediated signal transduction |
"Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0007268
|
191 |
synaptic transmission |
"The vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a neuron, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse." [GOC:jl, MeSH:D009435] |
|
GO:0007279
|
0 |
pole cell formation |
"Formation of a small group of cells (pole cells) at the posterior pole of the insect blastula. They are the first cells to cellularize after the arrival of nuclei at the end of the syncytial blastula stage and are the precursors to the insect germ cells." [GOC:bf, PMID:9988212] |
|
GO:0007287
|
0 |
Nebenkern assembly |
"Fusion of mitochondria during insect spermatid differentiation to form two masses, which wrap around each other to form a densely packed sphere called the Nebenkern." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007297
|
0 |
ovarian follicle cell migration |
"The directed movement of an ovarian follicle cell that takes place during oogenesis. During egg chamber formation, follicle cells migrate to envelop the germ-line cysts and move in between cysts. At stage 10B, follicle cells migrate centripetally between the nurse cells and the oocyte, enclosing the anterior of the egg. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10822261] |
|
GO:0007364
|
0 |
establishment of terminal gap gene boundary |
"Specification of the borders of terminal gap gene expression mediated largely by the effects of other gap genes." [http://fly.ebi.ac.uk/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aimain/1aahome.htm, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007341
|
0 |
penetration of zona pellucida |
"The infiltration by sperm of the zona pellucida to reach the oocyte. The process involves digestive enzymes from a modified lysosome called the acrosome, situated at the head of the sperm." [GOC:jl, http://arbl.cvmbs.colostate.edu/hbooks/pathphys/reprod/fert/fert.html] |
|
GO:0007343
|
5 |
egg activation |
"The process in which the egg becomes metabolically active, initiates protein and DNA synthesis and undergoes structural changes to its cortex and/or cytoplasm." [GOC:bf, PMID:9630751] |
|
GO:0007350
|
21 |
blastoderm segmentation |
"The hierarchical steps resulting in the progressive subdivision of the anterior/posterior axis of the embryo." [http://fly.ebi.ac.uk/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aimain/1aahome.htm, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007351
|
17 |
tripartite regional subdivision |
"Subdivision of the embryo along the anterior/posterior axis into anterior, posterior and terminal regions." [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete, http://fly.ebi.ac.uk/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aimain/1aahome.htm, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007354
|
0 |
zygotic determination of anterior/posterior axis, embryo |
"The specification of the anterior/posterior axis of the embryo by products of genes expressed in the zygote; exemplified in insects by the gap genes, pair rule genes and segment polarity gene cascade." [http://fly.ebi.ac.uk/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aimain/1aahome.htm, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007355
|
0 |
anterior region determination |
"Specification of the anterior (head and thoracic segments) of the embryo by the gap genes; exemplified in insects by the actions of hunchback gene product." [http://fly.ebi.ac.uk/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aimain/1aahome.htm, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007356
|
0 |
thorax and anterior abdomen determination |
"Specification of the central (trunk) regions of the embryo by the gap genes; exemplified in insects by the actions of the Kruppel gene product." [http://fly.ebi.ac.uk/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aimain/1aahome.htm, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007357
|
0 |
positive regulation of central gap gene transcription |
"The activation of genes encoding transcription factors in the central region of an insect embryo by a combination of maternal regulatory signals and interactions among themselves; exemplified by the activation of expression of the Drosophila Kruppel gene by the hunchback and bicoid gene products." [http://fly.ebi.ac.uk/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aimain/1aahome.htm, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007358
|
0 |
establishment of central gap gene boundaries |
"Specification of the borders of central gap gene expression mediated largely by the effects of other gap genes; in insects this is exemplified by knirps repression of Kruppel." [http://fly.ebi.ac.uk/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aimain/1aahome.htm, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007359
|
0 |
posterior abdomen determination |
"The regionalization process in which the posterior (abdominal) regions of the embryo are specified by the gap genes." [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete, http://fly.ebi.ac.uk/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aimain/1aahome.htm, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007360
|
0 |
positive regulation of posterior gap gene transcription |
"The activation of genes encoding transcription factors in the posterior region of an insect embryo by a combination of maternal regulatory signals and interactions among themselves; exemplified by the activation of expression of the Drosophila knirps gene." [http://fly.ebi.ac.uk/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aimain/1aahome.htm, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007361
|
0 |
establishment of posterior gap gene boundaries |
"Specification of the borders of posterior gap gene expression mediated largely by the effects of other gap genes; in insects this is exemplified by hunchback and tailless repression of knirps." [http://fly.ebi.ac.uk/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aimain/1aahome.htm, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007362
|
0 |
terminal region determination |
"Specification of the terminal regions (the two non-segmented ends) of the embryo by the gap genes; exemplified in insects by the actions of huckebein and tailless gene products." [http://fly.ebi.ac.uk/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aimain/1aahome.htm, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007363
|
0 |
positive regulation of terminal gap gene transcription |
"The activation of genes encoding transcription factors at the anterior and posterior ends of an insect embryo by a combination of maternal regulatory signals and interactions among themselves; exemplified by the activation of expression of the Drosophila tailless and huckebein genes." [http://fly.ebi.ac.uk/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aimain/1aahome.htm, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007365
|
4 |
periodic partitioning |
"The regionalization process that divides the spatial regions of an embryo into serially repeated regions." [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:ma] |
|
GO:0007366
|
0 |
periodic partitioning by pair rule gene |
"Allocation of cells to parasegments in the embryo, through the action of overlapping series of pair rule gene activities." [http://fly.ebi.ac.uk/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aimain/1aahome.htm, ISBN:0632030488, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007367
|
4 |
segment polarity determination |
"Division of the 14 parasegments of the embryo into anterior and posterior compartments; exemplified by the actions of the segment polarity gene products." [http://fly.ebi.ac.uk/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aimain/1aahome.htm, ISBN:0632030488, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007369
|
65 |
gastrulation |
"A complex and coordinated series of cellular movements that occurs at the end of cleavage during embryonic development of most animals. The details of gastrulation vary from species to species, but usually result in the formation of the three primary germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm." [GOC:curators, ISBN:9780878933846] |
|
GO:0007379
|
0 |
segment specification |
"The process in which segments assume individual identities; exemplified in insects by the actions of the products of the homeotic genes." [http://fly.ebi.ac.uk/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aimain/1aahome.htm, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007386
|
0 |
compartment pattern specification |
"The regionalization process in which embryonic segments are divided into compartments that will result in differences in cell differentiation." [http://fly.ebi.ac.uk/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aimain/1aahome.htm, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007387
|
0 |
anterior compartment pattern formation |
"The process giving rise to specification of cell identity in the anterior compartments of the segmented embryo." [http://fly.ebi.ac.uk/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aimain/1aahome.htm, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007388
|
0 |
posterior compartment specification |
"The process involved in the specification of cell identity in the posterior compartments of the segmented embryo." [http://fly.ebi.ac.uk/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aimain/1aahome.htm, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007389
|
85 |
pattern specification process |
"Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within an organism to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete, ISBN:0521436125] |
|
GO:0007391
|
0 |
dorsal closure |
"The process during Drosophila embryogenesis whereby the ectodermal cells of the lateral epithelium stretch in a coordinated fashion to internalize the amnioserosa cells and close the embryo dorsally." [PMID:9224720] |
|
GO:0007395
|
0 |
dorsal closure, spreading of leading edge cells |
"Dorsally-directed movement of a cell at the leading edge of the epithelium over the amnioserosa." [GOC:bf, PMID:12147138] |
|
GO:0007417
|
2 |
central nervous system development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the central nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the brain and spinal cord. In those invertebrates with a central nervous system it typically consists of a brain, cerebral ganglia and a nerve cord." [GOC:bf, GOC:jid, ISBN:0582227089] |
|
GO:0007418
|
0 |
ventral midline development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ventral midline over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In protostomes (such as insects, snails and worms) as well as deuterostomes (vertebrates), the midline is an embryonic region that functions in patterning of the adjacent nervous tissue. The ventral midline in insects is a cell population extending along the ventral surface of the embryo and is the region from which cells detach to form the ventrally located nerve cords. In vertebrates, the midline is originally located dorsally. During development, it folds inwards and becomes the ventral part of the dorsally located neural tube and is then called the ventral midline, or floor plate." [GOC:bf, GOC:go_curators, PMID:12075342] |
|
GO:0007419
|
0 |
ventral cord development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the ventral cord over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The ventral cord is one of the distinguishing traits of the central nervous system of all arthropods (such as insects, crustaceans and arachnids) as well as many other invertebrates, such as the annelid worms." [GOC:bf, GOC:go_curators, http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/S/Spemann.html] |
|
GO:0007428
|
0 |
primary branching, open tracheal system |
"Formation of primary branches in the open tracheal system. These form from small groups of cells that migrate out at specific positions, organizing into tubes as they migrate. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster." [GOC:mtg_sensu, http://cmgm.stanford.edu/krasnow/research.html] |
|
GO:0007432
|
0 |
salivary gland boundary specification |
"Determination of where the salivary gland forms, the total number of salivary gland cells and how many cells are allocated to each of the specialised cell types within the salivary gland." [PMID:11598957] |
|
GO:0007433
|
0 |
larval salivary gland boundary specification |
"Determination in a larval organism of where the salivary gland forms, the total number of salivary gland cells and how many cells are allocated to each of the specialised cell types within the salivary gland." [GOC:tb, PMID:11598957] |
|
GO:0007434
|
0 |
adult salivary gland boundary specification |
"Determination in an adult organism of where the salivary gland forms, the total number of salivary gland cells and how many cells are allocated to each of the specialised cell types within the salivary gland." [GOC:tb, PMID:11598957] |
|
GO:0007443
|
0 |
Malpighian tubule morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structures of the Malpighian tubule are generated and organized. This process takes place entirely during the embryonic phase. A Malpighian tubule is a fine, thin-walled excretory tubule in insects which leads into the posterior part of the gut." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0582227089] |
|
GO:0007445
|
0 |
determination of imaginal disc primordium |
"Allocation of embryonic cells to the imaginal disc founder populations, groups of cells that are committed to contribute to the formation of an imaginal disc compartment." [ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007489
|
0 |
maintenance of imaginal histoblast diploidy |
"The negative regulation of the differentiation of polytenized larval hypodermal cells from abdominal histoblasts. The abdominal histoblasts remain a small cluster of diploid cells among the polytenized larval hypodermal cells." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007504
|
0 |
larval fat body development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the larval fat body over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The larval fat body consists of a bilaterally symmetrical monolayer of cells lying between the gut and the muscles of the body wall. As in other tissues of the larva, the cells of the fat body complete their divisions in the embryo and increase in size and ploidy during larval life." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007505
|
0 |
adult fat body development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the adult fat body over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Larval fat body cells that remain at eclosion degenerate in the first 2 to 4 days of adult life, leaving behind the smaller cells of the adult fat body." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0007507
|
12 |
heart development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the heart over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood." [GOC:jid, UBERON:0000948] |
|
GO:0007510
|
0 |
cardioblast cell fate determination |
"The cell fate determination process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a cardioblast cell regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0007515
|
0 |
obsolete lymph gland development |
"OBSOLETE. The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lymph gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The lymph gland is a small bean-shaped organ made up of a loose meshwork of reticular tissue in which are enmeshed large numbers of lymphocytes, macrophages and accessory cells. Lymph glands are located along the lymphatic system." [GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0007518
|
0 |
myoblast fate determination |
"The cell fate determination process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a myoblast regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0007520
|
1 |
myoblast fusion |
"A process in which non-proliferating myoblasts fuse to existing fibers or to myotubes to form new fibers. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0007529
|
1 |
establishment of synaptic specificity at neuromuscular junction |
"The biological process in which a synapse between a motor neuron and a muscle is initially formed." [GOC:isa_complete] |
|
GO:0007534
|
0 |
gene conversion at mating-type locus |
"The conversion of the mating-type locus from one allele to another resulting from the recombinational repair of a site-specific double-strand break at the mating-type locus with information from a silent donor sequence. There is no reciprocal exchange of information because the mating-type locus copies information from the donor sequence and the donor sequence remains unchanged." [GOC:elh, PMID:9928492] |
|
GO:0008097
|
0 |
5S rRNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with 5S ribosomal RNA, the smallest RNA constituent of a ribosome." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0321000382] |
|
GO:0007549
|
13 |
dosage compensation |
"Compensating for the two-fold variation in X:autosome chromosome ratios between sexes by a global activation or inactivation of all, or most of, genes on one or both of the X chromosomes." [GOC:ems, ISBN:0140512888, PMID:11498577] |
|
GO:0007552
|
1 |
metamorphosis |
"A biological process in which an animal physically develops after birth or hatching, involving a conspicuous and relatively abrupt change in the animal's form or structure. Examples include the change from tadpole to frog, and the change from larva to adult. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster." [GOC:sensu, ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0721662544] |
|
GO:0007559
|
0 |
obsolete histolysis |
"OBSOLETE. The breakdown of tissues; usually, if not always, accompanied by cell death, followed by the complete dissolution of dead tissue." [GOC:dph, GOC:ma] |
|
GO:0007565
|
0 |
female pregnancy |
"The set of physiological processes that allow an embryo or foetus to develop within the body of a female animal. It covers the time from fertilization of a female ovum by a male spermatozoon until birth." [ISBN:0192800825] |
|
GO:0007578
|
0 |
obsolete aging dependent sterility (sensu Saccharomyces) |
"OBSOLETE. A haploid's inability to mate due to the loss of silencing at the mating-type loci, resulting in expression of both of the normally silent mating-type cassettes." [GOC:sgd_curators] |
|
GO:0007585
|
0 |
respiratory gaseous exchange |
"The process of gaseous exchange between an organism and its environment. In plants, microorganisms, and many small animals, air or water makes direct contact with the organism's cells or tissue fluids, and the processes of diffusion supply the organism with dioxygen (O2) and remove carbon dioxide (CO2). In larger animals the efficiency of gaseous exchange is improved by specialized respiratory organs, such as lungs and gills, which are ventilated by breathing mechanisms." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0007591
|
0 |
molting cycle, chitin-based cuticle |
"The periodic shedding of part or all of a chitin-based cuticle, which is then replaced by a new cuticle. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0007594
|
0 |
puparial adhesion |
"The adhesion of the puparia of Diptera to their substrate; normally effected by a 'glue' secreted by the larval salivary gland and expectorated at the time of pupariation." [GOC:ma] |
|
GO:0007597
|
0 |
blood coagulation, intrinsic pathway |
"A protein activation cascade that contributes to blood coagulation and consists of the interactions among high molecular weight kininogen, prekallikrein, and factor XII that lead to the activation of clotting factor X." [GOC:add, GOC:mah, GOC:pde] |
|
GO:0007603
|
0 |
phototransduction, visible light |
"The sequence of reactions within a cell required to convert absorbed photons from visible light into a molecular signal. A visible light stimulus is electromagnetic radiation that can be perceived visually by an organism; for organisms lacking a visual system, this can be defined as light with a wavelength within the range 380 to 780 nm." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0007610
|
938 |
behavior |
"The internally coordinated responses (actions or inactions) of whole living organisms (individuals or groups) to internal or external stimuli." [GOC:ems, GOC:jl, ISBN:0395448956, PMID:20160973] |
|
GO:0007613
|
20 |
memory |
"The activities involved in the mental information processing system that receives (registers), modifies, stores, and retrieves informational stimuli. The main stages involved in the formation and retrieval of memory are encoding (processing of received information by acquisition), storage (building a permanent record of received information as a result of consolidation) and retrieval (calling back the stored information and use it in a suitable way to execute a given task)." [GOC:curators, http://www.onelook.com/, ISBN:0582227089] |
|
GO:0007614
|
17 |
short-term memory |
"The memory process that deals with the storage, retrieval and modification of information received a short time (up to about 30 minutes) ago. This type of memory is typically dependent on direct, transient effects of second messenger activation." [http://hebb.mit.edu/courses/9.03/lecture4.html, ISBN:0582227089] |
|
GO:0007616
|
5 |
long-term memory |
"The memory process that deals with the storage, retrieval and modification of information a long time (typically weeks, months or years) after receiving that information. This type of memory is typically dependent on gene transcription regulated by second messenger activation." [http://hebb.mit.edu/courses/9.03/lecture4.html, ISBN:0582227089] |
|
GO:0007630
|
0 |
jump response |
"The sudden, usually upward, movement off the ground or other surface through sudden muscular effort in the legs, following exposure to an external stimulus." [GOC:jid, ISBN:0198606907] |
|
GO:0007633
|
0 |
pattern orientation |
"The actions or reactions of an individual in response to the orientation of a visual pattern. This is exemplified by some classes of insects which are able to detect and learn the orientation of a set of stripes and subsequently behaviorally discriminate between horizontal, vertical or 45 degree stripes." [GOC:jid, PMID:9933535] |
|
GO:0007636
|
0 |
chemosensory jump behavior |
"The sudden, usually upward, movement off the ground or other surface through sudden muscular effort in the legs, following exposure to a chemical substance." [GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0008009
|
0 |
chemokine activity |
"The function of a family of small chemotactic cytokines; their name is derived from their ability to induce directed chemotaxis in nearby responsive cells. All chemokines possess a number of conserved cysteine residues involved in intramolecular disulfide bond formation. Some chemokines are considered pro-inflammatory and can be induced during an immune response to recruit cells of the immune system to a site of infection, while others are considered homeostatic and are involved in controlling the migration of cells during normal processes of tissue maintenance or development. Chemokines are found in all vertebrates, some viruses and some bacteria." [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemokine, http://www.copewithcytokines.de/cope.cgi?key=Cytokines, PMID:12183377] |
|
GO:0008021
|
0 |
synaptic vesicle |
"A secretory organelle, typically 50 nm in diameter, of presynaptic nerve terminals; accumulates in high concentrations of neurotransmitters and secretes these into the synaptic cleft by fusion with the 'active zone' of the presynaptic plasma membrane." [PMID:10099709, PMID:12563290] |
|
GO:0008035
|
0 |
high-density lipoprotein particle binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with high-density lipoprotein particle, a lipoprotein particle with a high density (typically 1.063-1.21 g/ml) and a diameter of 5-10 nm that contains APOAs and may contain APOCs and APOE." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0008058
|
0 |
ocellus pigment granule organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of intracellular pigment storage granules in the ocellus." [http://fly.ebi.ac.uk/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aimain/1aahome.htm] |
|
GO:0008062
|
0 |
eclosion rhythm |
"The timing of the emergence of the adult fly from its pupal case, which usually occurs at dawn." [PMID:11715043] |
|
GO:0008067
|
0 |
obsolete metabotropic glutamate, GABA-B-like receptor activity |
"OBSOLETE. A G-protein coupled receptor that is structurally/functionally related to the metabotropic glutamate receptor." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb, IUPHAR_GPCR:1285] |
|
GO:0008091
|
0 |
spectrin |
"Membrane associated dimeric protein (240 and 220 kDa) of erythrocytes. Forms a complex with ankyrin, actin and probably other components of the membrane cytoskeleton, so that there is a mesh of proteins underlying the plasma membrane, potentially restricting the lateral mobility of integral proteins." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0008105
|
47 |
asymmetric protein localization |
"Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location such that it is distributed asymmetrically." [GOC:ma] |
|
GO:0008144
|
0 |
drug binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a drug, any naturally occurring or synthetic substance, other than a nutrient, that, when administered or applied to an organism, affects the structure or functioning of the organism; in particular, any such substance used in the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0008150
|
11336 |
biological_process |
"Any process specifically pertinent to the functioning of integrated living units: cells, tissues, organs, and organisms. A process is a collection of molecular events with a defined beginning and end." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete] |
|
GO:0008152
|
5632 |
metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0008191
|
0 |
metalloendopeptidase inhibitor activity |
"Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of metalloendopeptidases, enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of nonterminal peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain and contain a chelated metal ion at their active sites which is essential to their catalytic activity." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0008194
|
0 |
UDP-glycosyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a glycosyl group from a UDP-sugar to a small hydrophobic molecule." [InterPro:IPR004224, PMID:11846783] |
|
GO:0008203
|
10 |
cholesterol metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving cholesterol, cholest-5-en-3 beta-ol, the principal sterol of vertebrates and the precursor of many steroids, including bile acids and steroid hormones. It is a component of the plasma membrane lipid bilayer and of plasma lipoproteins and can be found in all animal tissues." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0008219
|
642 |
cell death |
"Any biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a cell. A cell should be considered dead when any one of the following molecular or morphological criteria is met: (1) the cell has lost the integrity of its plasma membrane; (2) the cell, including its nucleus, has undergone complete fragmentation into discrete bodies (frequently referred to as apoptotic bodies). The cell corpse (or its fragments) may be engulfed by an adjacent cell in vivo, but engulfment of whole cells should not be considered a strict criteria to define cell death as, under some circumstances, live engulfed cells can be released from phagosomes (see PMID:18045538)." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:25236395] |
|
GO:0008235
|
0 |
metalloexopeptidase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond not more than three residues from the N- or C-terminus of a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#EXOPEPTIDASE] |
|
GO:0008236
|
0 |
serine-type peptidase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] |
|
GO:0008237
|
0 |
metallopeptidase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] |
|
GO:0008261
|
0 |
allatostatin receptor activity |
"Combining with allatostatin to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0008271
|
0 |
secondary active sulfate transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the secondary active transfer of sulfate from one side of the membrane to the other. Secondary active transport is catalysis of the transfer of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:mtg_transport] |
|
GO:0008275
|
0 |
gamma-tubulin small complex |
"A complex usually comprising two gamma-tubulin molecules and two conserved non-tubulin proteins. Some gamma-tubulin small complexes are thought to be the repeating unit making up the core of the gamma-tubulin ring complex." [PMID:11297925, PMID:12134075] |
|
GO:0008287
|
0 |
protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex |
"A complex, normally consisting of a catalytic and a regulatory subunit, which catalyzes the removal of a phosphate group from a serine or threonine residue of a protein." [GOC:bf] |
|
GO:0008301
|
0 |
DNA binding, bending |
"The activity of binding selectively and non-covalently to and distorting the original structure of DNA, typically a straight helix, into a bend, or increasing the bend if the original structure was intrinsically bent due to its sequence." [GOC:krc, GOC:vw, PMID:10710711, PMID:19037758] |
|
GO:0008303
|
0 |
caspase complex |
"A protein complex that is located in the cytosol and contains one or more cysteine-type endopeptidases (also called caspases), which give the complex a peptidase activity with specificity for the hydrolysis of aspartyl bonds. These complexes may be involved e.g. in apoptotic or inflammation processes." [GOC:cna, GOC:mtg_apoptosis] |
|
GO:0008352
|
0 |
katanin complex |
"A complex possessing an activity that couples ATP hydrolysis to the severing of microtubules; usually a heterodimer comprising a catalytic subunit (often 60kDa) and a regulatory subunit (often 80 kDa)." [PMID:10910766] |
|
GO:0008358
|
10 |
maternal determination of anterior/posterior axis, embryo |
"The specification of the anterior/posterior axis of the embryo by gradients of maternally-transcribed gene products; exemplified in insects by the morphogens, bicoid and nanos." [http://fly.ebi.ac.uk/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aimain/1aahome.htm, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0008373
|
0 |
sialyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of sialic acid to an acceptor molecule, typically the terminal portions of the sialylated glycolipids (gangliosides) or to the N- or O-linked sugar chains of glycoproteins." [EC:2.4.99, GOC:cjm, Wikipedia:Sialyltransferase] |
|
GO:0008377
|
0 |
light-induced release of internally sequestered calcium ion |
"The process in which the detection of light triggers the release of internally sequestered calcium ions." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0008378
|
0 |
galactosyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a galactosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0008381
|
0 |
mechanically-gated ion channel activity |
"Enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens in response to a mechanical stress." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0008385
|
0 |
IkappaB kinase complex |
"A trimeric protein complex that phosphorylates inhibitory-kappaB (I-kappaB) proteins. The complex is composed of two kinase subunits (alpha and beta) and a regulatory gamma subunit (also called NEMO). In a resting state, NF-kappaB dimers are bound to inhibitory IKB proteins, sequestering NF-kappaB in the cytoplasm. Phosphorylation of I-kappaB targets I-kappaB for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thus releasing the NF-kappaB dimers, which can translocate to the nucleus to bind DNA and regulate transcription." [GOC:bf, GOC:ma, PMID:12055104, PMID:20300203] |
|
GO:0008407
|
0 |
chaeta morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structures of the chaeta are generated and organized. A chaeta is a sensory multicellular cuticular outgrowth of a specifically differentiated cell." [FBbt:00005177, GOC:bf, GOC:cjm, GOC:dos, GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0008417
|
0 |
fucosyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a fucosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0008423
|
0 |
obsolete bleomycin hydrolase activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the inactivation of bleomycin B2 (a cytotoxic glycometallopeptide) by hydrolysis of a peptide bond of beta-aminoalanine, but also shows general aminopeptidase activity. The specificity varies somewhat with source, but amino acid arylamides of Met, Leu and Ala are preferred." [EC:3.4.22.40] |
|
GO:0008431
|
0 |
vitamin E binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with vitamin E, tocopherol, which includes a series of eight structurally similar compounds. Alpha-tocopherol is the most active form in humans and is a powerful biological antioxidant." [CHEBI:33234, GOC:curators, ISBN:0721662544] |
|
GO:0008434
|
0 |
calcitriol receptor activity |
"Combining with calcitriol, the hormonally active form of vitamin D3, and transmitting the signal to the transcriptional machinery by interacting selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription by RNA polymerase II." [CHEBI:17823, GOC:bf, GOC:signaling, PMID:16549446, PMID:17082781, Wikipedia:Calcitriol_receptor] |
|
GO:0008443
|
0 |
phosphofructokinase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a fructose substrate molecule." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0008462
|
0 |
obsolete endopeptidase Clp activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the hydrolysis of proteins to small peptides in the presence of ATP and magnesium. Alpha-casein is the usual test substrate. In the absence of ATP, only oligopeptides shorter than five residues are cleaved, for example, succinyl-Leu-Tyr-NHMec which is cleaved at the Tyr-NHMec bond, and Leu-Tyr-Leu-Tyr-Trp which is cleaved at the second Leu-Typ bond (cleavage of the Tyr-Leu and Tyr-Trp bonds also occurs)." [EC:3.4.21.92] |
|
GO:0008472
|
0 |
obsolete metallocarboxypeptidase D activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the reaction: peptidyl-L-lysine (or peptidyl-L-arginine) + H2O = peptide + L-lysine (or L-arginine). Function is activated by Co2+; inhibited by guanidinoethylmercaptosuccinic acid." [EC:3.4.17.22] |
|
GO:0008483
|
0 |
transaminase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0008490
|
0 |
arsenite secondary active transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of arsenite from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0008513
|
0 |
secondary active organic cation transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of organic cations from one side of the membrane to the other, up the solute's concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0008514
|
0 |
organic anion transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of organic anions from one side of a membrane to the other. Organic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0008515
|
0 |
sucrose transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of sucrose from one side of the membrane to the other. Sucrose is the disaccharide O-beta-D-fructofuranosyl-(2->1)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside, a sweet-tasting, non-reducing sugar isolated industrially from sugar beet or sugar cane." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0008518
|
0 |
reduced folate carrier activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of reduced folate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:mtg_transport] |
|
GO:0008533
|
0 |
obsolete astacin activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in substrates containing five or more amino acids, preferentially with Ala in P1', and Pro in P2'." [EC:3.4.24.21] |
|
GO:0008537
|
0 |
proteasome activator complex |
"A multisubunit complex that activates the hydrolysis of small nonubiquitinated peptides by binding to the proteasome core complex." [GOC:rb] |
|
GO:0008583
|
0 |
mystery cell differentiation |
"The process in which an undifferentiated cell acquires the features of a mystery cell. The mystery cells are a precluster of cells that emerge from the compound eye morphogenetic furrow, normally positioned between R3 and R4. They then disappear into the surrounding pool of undifferentiated cells and have no known fate in the mature ommatidium. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster." [ISBN:0632030488, PMID:1295747] |
|
GO:0008588
|
0 |
release of cytoplasmic sequestered NF-kappaB |
"The release of NF-kappaB from specific molecules in the cytoplasm to which it was bound, thereby allowing its translocation into the nucleus." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0008594
|
0 |
photoreceptor cell morphogenesis |
"The process in which the structures of a photoreceptor cell are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of a photoreceptor cell, a sensory cell that reacts to the presence of light. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster." [GOC:jid, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0008595
|
17 |
anterior/posterior axis specification, embryo |
"The specification of the anterior/posterior axis of the embryo by the products of genes expressed maternally and genes expressed in the zygote." [http://fly.ebi.ac.uk/allied-data/lk/interactive-fly/aimain/1aahome.htm, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0008608
|
12 |
attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore |
"The process in which spindle microtubules become physically associated with the proteins making up the kinetochore complex." [GOC:vw, PMID:10322137] |
|
GO:0008611
|
1 |
ether lipid biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ether lipids, lipids that contain (normally) one lipid alcohol in ether linkage to one of the carbon atoms (normally C-1) of glycerol." [GOC:ma, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:15337120] |
|
GO:0008614
|
1 |
pyridoxine metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving pyridoxine, 2-methyl-3-hydroxy-4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyridine, one of the vitamin B6 compounds. Pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine are collectively known as vitamin B6, and are efficiently converted to the biologically active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal phosphate." [CHEBI:16709, GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0008619
|
0 |
obsolete RHEB small monomeric GTPase activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.47, PMID:12893813] |
|
GO:0008622
|
0 |
epsilon DNA polymerase complex |
"A heterotetrameric DNA polymerase complex that catalyzes processive DNA synthesis in the absence of PCNA, but is further stimulated in the presence of PCNA. The complex contains a large catalytic subunit and three small subunits, and is best characterized in Saccharomyces, in which the subunits are named Pol2p, Dpb2p, Dpb3p, and Dpb4p. Some evidence suggests that DNA polymerase epsilon is the leading strand polymerase; it is also involved in nucleotide-excision repair and mismatch repair." [PMID:15814431, PMID:9745046] |
|
GO:0008623
|
0 |
CHRAC |
"An ISWI complex that contains an ATPase subunit of the ISWI family (SNF2H in mammals, Isw2 in S. cerevisiae), an ACF1 homolog, and additional small histone fold subunits (generally two of these, but Xenopus has only one and some additional non-conserved subunits). CHRAC plays roles in the regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription and in DNA replication and repair." [GOC:bf, GOC:krc, PMID:15284901, PMID:16568949, PMID:21810179, PMID:9252192] |
|
GO:0008641
|
0 |
small protein activating enzyme activity |
"Catalysis of the activation of small proteins, such as ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins, through the formation of an ATP-dependent high-energy thiolester bond." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0008653
|
0 |
lipopolysaccharide metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipopolysaccharides, any of a group of related, structurally complex components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Lipopolysaccharides consist three covalently linked regions, lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and an O side chain. Lipid A is responsible for the toxicity of the lipopolysaccharide." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0008732
|
0 |
L-allo-threonine aldolase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: L-allo-threonine = glycine + acetaldehyde." [MetaCyc:LTAA-RXN, PMID:9228760] |
|
GO:0008745
|
0 |
N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the link between N-acetylmuramoyl residues and L-amino acid residues in certain bacterial cell-wall glycopeptides." [EC:3.5.1.28] |
|
GO:0008755
|
0 |
O antigen polymerase activity |
"Catalysis of the polymerization of o-antigen chains. O-antigens are tetra- and pentasaccharide repeat units of the cell walls of Gram-negative bacteria and are a component of lipopolysaccharide." [GOC:jl, PMID:12045108] |
|
GO:0008786
|
0 |
allose 6-phosphate isomerase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: D-allose-6-phosphate = D-allulose-6-phosphate." [MetaCyc:RXN0-303] |
|
GO:0008787
|
0 |
allose kinase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + D-allose = ADP + D-allose 6-phosphate." [EC:2.7.1.55] |
|
GO:0008843
|
0 |
endochitinase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of nonterminal (1->4)-beta linkages of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) polymers of chitin and chitodextrins. Typically, endochitinases cleave randomly within the chitin chain." [EC:3.2.1.-, GOC:bf, GOC:kah, GOC:pde, PMID:11468293] |
|
GO:0008979
|
0 |
prophage integrase activity |
"Catalysis of the integration of prophage DNA into a target DNA molecule, usually a bacterial chromosome, via a sequence-specific recombination event which involves the formation of an intasome, a DNA-protein-complex designed for site-specific recombination of the phage and host DNA." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0009047
|
0 |
dosage compensation by hyperactivation of X chromosome |
"Compensating for the two-fold variation in X-chromosome:autosome ratios between sexes by a global hyperactivation of all, or most of, the genes on the X-chromosome in the heterogametic sex, leading to a two-fold increase in gene expression from this chromosome. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0140512888, PMID:11498577] |
|
GO:0009048
|
0 |
dosage compensation by inactivation of X chromosome |
"Compensating for the two-fold variation in X-chromosome:autosome ratios between sexes by a global inactivation of all, or most of, the genes on one of the X-chromosomes in the XX sex." [GOC:jl, GOC:pr, ISBN:0140512888, PMID:11498577] |
|
GO:0009050
|
0 |
glycopeptide catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycopeptides, any compound in which carbohydrate is covalently attached to an oligopeptide composed of residues of L and/or D-amino acids. The term usually denotes a product of proteolytic degradation of a glycoprotein but includes glycated peptide." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0009057
|
567 |
macromolecule catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [CHEBI:33694, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0009058
|
2199 |
biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances; typically the energy-requiring part of metabolism in which simpler substances are transformed into more complex ones." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0009059
|
1662 |
macromolecule biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [CHEBI:33694, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0009060
|
32 |
aerobic respiration |
"The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which requires oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor." [GOC:das, GOC:jl, ISBN:0140513590] |
|
GO:0009061
|
0 |
anaerobic respiration |
"The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which uses compounds other than oxygen (e.g. nitrate, sulfate) as the terminal electron acceptor." [GOC:das, GOC:jl, ISBN:0140513590] |
|
GO:0009062
|
48 |
fatty acid catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a fatty acid, any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty acids are predominantly straight-chain acids of 4 to 24 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated; branched fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acids also occur, and very long chain acids of over 30 carbons are found in waxes." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0009100
|
147 |
glycoprotein metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0009101
|
129 |
glycoprotein biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0009103
|
0 |
lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipopolysaccharides, any of a group of related, structurally complex components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria." [GOC:ai, GOC:mr] |
|
GO:0009104
|
0 |
lipopolysaccharide catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipopolysaccharides, any of a group of related, structurally complex components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0009110
|
4 |
vitamin biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a vitamin, one of a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0009111
|
0 |
vitamin catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a vitamin, one of a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0009228
|
0 |
thiamine biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of thiamine (vitamin B1), a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver." [CHEBI:18385, GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0009230
|
0 |
thiamine catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of thiamine (vitamin B1), a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver." [CHEBI:18385, GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0009233
|
0 |
menaquinone metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving any of the menaquinones, quinone-derived compounds synthesized by intestinal bacteria. Structurally, menaquinones consist of a methylated naphthoquinone ring structure and side chains composed of a variable number of unsaturated isoprenoid residues. Menaquinones have vitamin K activity and are known as vitamin K2." [GOC:jl, http://www.dentistry.leeds.ac.uk/biochem/thcme/vitamins.html#k] |
|
GO:0009234
|
0 |
menaquinone biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any of the menaquinones. Structurally, menaquinones consist of a methylated naphthoquinone ring structure and side chains composed of a variable number of unsaturated isoprenoid residues. Menaquinones that have vitamin K activity and are known as vitamin K2." [GOC:jl, http://www.dentistry.leeds.ac.uk/biochem/thcme/vitamins.html#k] |
|
GO:0009237
|
0 |
siderophore metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances made by aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria, especially when growing under iron deficient conditions. The complexes of Fe(3+)-siderophores have very high stability constants and are taken up by specific transport systems by microorganisms; the subsequent release of iron requires enzymatic action." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0009240
|
2 |
isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate, an isomer of dimethylallyl diphosphate and the key precursor of all isoprenoids." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0009246
|
0 |
enterobacterial common antigen biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the enterobacterial common antigen, an acidic polysaccharide containing N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, N-acetyl-D-mannosaminouronic acid, and 4-acetamido-4,6-dideoxy-D-galactose. A major component of the cell wall outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria." [GOC:ma] |
|
GO:0009247
|
25 |
glycolipid biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycolipid, a class of 1,2-di-O-acylglycerols joined at oxygen 3 by a glycosidic linkage to a carbohydrate part (usually a mono-, di- or tri-saccharide)." [CHEBI:33563, GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0009252
|
0 |
peptidoglycan biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of peptidoglycans, any of a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls." [http://www.dsmz.de/species/murein.htm, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0009253
|
4 |
peptidoglycan catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of peptidoglycans, any of a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls." [http://www.dsmz.de/species/murein.htm, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0009254
|
0 |
peptidoglycan turnover |
"The continual breakdown and regeneration of peptidoglycan required to maintain the cell wall." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0009272
|
0 |
fungal-type cell wall biogenesis |
"A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a fungal-type cell wall. The fungal-type cell wall contains beta-glucan and may contain chitin." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0009273
|
0 |
peptidoglycan-based cell wall biogenesis |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the peptidoglycan-based cell wall. An example of this process is found in Escherichia coli." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0009274
|
0 |
peptidoglycan-based cell wall |
"A protective structure outside the cytoplasmic membrane composed of peptidoglycan (also known as murein), a molecule made up of a glycan (sugar) backbone of repetitively alternating N-acetylglucosamine and N-acetylmuramic acid with short, attached, cross-linked peptide chains containing unusual amino acids. An example of this component is found in Escherichia coli." [GOC:mlg, ISBN:0815108893] |
|
GO:0009275
|
0 |
Gram-positive-bacterium-type cell wall |
"A layer of peptidoglycan found outside of the cytoplasmic membrane. The peptidoglycan is relatively thick (20-80nm) and retains the primary stain of the Gram procedure, thus cells appear blue after Gram stain. The cell walls often contain teichoic acids (acidic anionic polysaccharides) bound to the peptidoglycan. Examples of this component are found in Gram-positive bacteria." [GOC:mlg, ISBN:0051406910, ISBN:0815108893] |
|
GO:0009276
|
0 |
Gram-negative-bacterium-type cell wall |
"The peptidoglycan layer of the Gram-negative cell envelope. In Gram-negative cells the peptidoglycan is relatively thin (1-2nm) and is linked to the outer membrane by lipoproteins. In Gram-negative cells the peptidoglycan is too thin to retain the primary stain in the Gram staining procedure and therefore cells appear red after Gram stain." [GOC:mlg, ISBN:0815108893] |
|
GO:0009277
|
0 |
fungal-type cell wall |
"A rigid yet dynamic structure surrounding the plasma membrane that affords protection from stresses and contributes to cell morphogenesis, consisting of extensively cross-linked glycoproteins and carbohydrates. The glycoproteins may be modified with N- or O-linked carbohydrates, or glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors; the polysaccharides are primarily branched glucans, including beta-linked and alpha-linked glucans, and may also include chitin and other carbohydrate polymers, but not cellulose or pectin. Enzymes involved in cell wall biosynthesis are also found in the cell wall. Note that some forms of fungi develop a capsule outside of the cell wall under certain circumstances; this is considered a separate structure." [GOC:mcc, GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:3540601864, PMID:11283274, PMID:16927300, PMID:3319422] |
|
GO:0009278
|
0 |
obsolete murein sacculus |
"OBSOLETE. A peptidoglycan polymer that forms the shape-determining structure of the cell all of Gram-negative bacteria." [GOC:ma] |
|
GO:0009280
|
0 |
obsolete cell wall inner membrane |
"OBSOLETE. In Gram-negative bacteria the membrane that separates the cytoplasm from the murein sacculus." [GOC:ma] |
|
GO:0009291
|
0 |
unidirectional conjugation |
"The process of unidirectional (polarized) transfer of genetic information involving direct cellular contact between a donor and recipient cell; the contact is followed by the formation of a cellular bridge that physically connects the cells; some or all of the chromosome(s) of one cell ('male') is then transferred into the other cell ('female'); unidirectional conjugation occurs between cells of different mating types. Examples of this process are found in Prokaryotes." [ISBN:0387520546] |
|
GO:0009292
|
0 |
genetic transfer |
"In the absence of a sexual life cycle, the process involved in the introduction of genetic information to create a genetically different individual." [GOC:clt] |
|
GO:0009296
|
0 |
obsolete flagellum assembly |
"The assembly of a flagellum. In bacteria, this is a whiplike motility appendage present on the surface of some species; in eukaryotes, flagella are threadlike protoplasmic extensions used to propel flagellates and sperm. Flagella are composed of flagellin and have the same basic structure as cilia but are longer in proportion to the cell and present in much smaller numbers." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0009297
|
0 |
pilus assembly |
"The assembly of a pilus, a short filamentous structure on a bacterial cell, flagella-like in structure and generally present in many copies. Pili are variously involved in transfer of nucleic acids, adherence to surfaces, and formation of pellicles. Is required for bacterial conjugation, or can play a role in adherence to surfaces (when it is called a fimbrium), and in the formation of pellicles." [GOC:dgh, GOC:mcc2, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0009301
|
4 |
snRNA transcription |
"The synthesis of small nuclear RNA (snRNA) from a DNA template." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0321000382] |
|
GO:0009302
|
0 |
snoRNA transcription |
"The synthesis of small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) from a DNA template." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0009308
|
38 |
amine metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving any organic compound that is weakly basic in character and contains an amino or a substituted amino group, as carried out by individual cells. Amines are called primary, secondary, or tertiary according to whether one, two, or three carbon atoms are attached to the nitrogen atom." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0009309
|
6 |
amine biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any organic compound that is weakly basic in character and contains an amino or a substituted amino group. Amines are called primary, secondary, or tertiary according to whether one, two, or three carbon atoms are attached to the nitrogen atom." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0009310
|
6 |
amine catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any organic compound that is weakly basic in character and contains an amino or a substituted amino group. Amines are called primary, secondary, or tertiary according to whether one, two, or three carbon atoms are attached to the nitrogen atom." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0009321
|
0 |
alkyl hydroperoxide reductase complex |
"An enzyme complex, usually a homodimer, which directly reduces cellular levels of organic hydroperoxides." [BRENDA:1.11.1.15, GOC:jl, PMID:2649484] |
|
GO:0009338
|
0 |
exodeoxyribonuclease V complex |
"An enzyme complex that catalyzes exonucleolytic cleavage (in the presence of ATP) in either 5' to 3' or 3' to 5' direction to yield 5'-phosphooligonucleotides. Exodeoxyribonuclease V shows a preference for double-stranded DNA and possesses DNA-dependent ATPase activity. It acts endonucleolytically on single-stranded circular DNA." [EC:3.1.11.5] |
|
GO:0009345
|
0 |
glycine-tRNA ligase complex |
"A multimeric enzyme complex which, in bacteria, is usually a tetramer of two alpha and two beta chains and in eukaryotes, is usually a homodimer. Functions in the ligation of glycine and tRNA(Gly) to form glycyl-tRNA(Gly)." [EC:6.1.1.14, GOC:jl, PMID:15733854] |
|
GO:0009346
|
0 |
citrate lyase complex |
"Citrate lyase is a multienzyme complex with three constituents: the alpha subunit, citrate-ACP transferase; the beta subunit, citryl-ACP lyase; and the gamma subunit, an acyl-carrier protein which also carries the prosthetic group components. All three subunits are required for citrate lyase enzyme activity." [EC:4.1.3.6, MetaCyc:ACECITLY-CPLX] |
|
GO:0009347
|
0 |
aspartate carbamoyltransferase complex |
"A multienzyme complex that catalyzes the formation N-carbamoyl-L-aspartate from carbamoyl phosphate and L-aspartate. It exhibits a variety of architectural organizations, but in all microorganisms the core catalytic component is a homotrimer of approximately 34 kDa polypeptides." [PMID:10447693] |
|
GO:0009353
|
0 |
mitochondrial oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex |
"A complex of multiple copies of three enzymatic components: oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) ; EC:1.2.4.2 (E1), dihydrolipoamide S-succinyltransferase ; EC:2.3.1.61 (E2) and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase ; EC:1.8.1.4 (E3); catalyzes the overall conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to succinyl-CoA and carbon dioxide (CO2) within the mitochondrial matrix. An example of this complex is found in Mus musculus." [GOC:mtg_sensu, MetaCyc:CPLX66-42, PMID:10848975] |
|
GO:0009360
|
0 |
DNA polymerase III complex |
"The DNA polymerase III holoenzyme is a complex that contains 10 different types of subunits. These subunits are organized into 3 functionally essential sub-assemblies: the pol III core, the beta sliding clamp processivity factor and the clamp-loading complex. The pol III core carries out the polymerase and the 3'-5' exonuclease proofreading activities. The polymerase is tethered to the template via the sliding clamp processivity factor. The clamp-loading complex assembles the beta processivity factor onto the primer template and plays a central role in the organization and communication at the replication fork." [PMID:11525729, PMID:12940977, UniProt:P06710] |
|
GO:0009361
|
0 |
succinate-CoA ligase complex (ADP-forming) |
"A heterodimeric enzyme complex, composed of an alpha and beta chain, most usually found in (but not limited to) bacteria. Functions in the TCA cycle, hydrolyzing succinyl-CoA into succinate and CoA, thereby forming ATP." [EC:6.2.1.5, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0009366
|
0 |
enterobactin synthetase complex |
"A multienzyme complex usually composed of four proteins, EntB, EntD, EntE and EntF. Plays a role in the enterobactin biosynthesis pathway." [MetaCyc:ENTMULTI-CPLX, PMID:9485415] |
|
GO:0009368
|
0 |
endopeptidase Clp complex |
"A protein complex comprised of members of the ClpX, ClpC, ClpD, ClpP or ClpR protein families. ClpPs are the proteolytic subunit of active complexes, and ClpA and ClpX form the regulatory subunits. Enzymatically active and inactive complexes can form." [GOC:mah, PMID:11352464] |
|
GO:0009372
|
0 |
quorum sensing |
"The process in which single-celled organisms monitor their population density by detecting the concentration of small, diffusible signal molecules produced by the cells themselves." [PMID:15716452, PMID:8288518] |
|
GO:0009376
|
0 |
HslUV protease complex |
"A protein complex that possesses ATP-dependent protease activity; consists of an ATPase large subunit with homology to other ClpX family ATPases and a peptidase small subunit related to the proteasomal beta-subunits of eukaryotes. In the E. coli complex, a double ring-shaped homohexamer of HslV is capped on each side by a ring-shaped HslU homohexamer." [GOC:bhm, PMID:12670962, UniProt:P0A6H5] |
|
GO:0009383
|
0 |
rRNA (cytosine-C5-)-methyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to cytosine to form 5-methylcytosine in small subunit ribosomal RNA." [GOC:imk, PMID:10026269, PMID:18786544] |
|
GO:0009386
|
0 |
translational attenuation |
"Translational attenuation is a regulatory mechanism analogous to ribosome-mediated transcriptional attenuation. The system requires the presence of a short ORF, called a leader peptide, encoded in the mRNA upstream of the ribosome-binding site and start codon of the gene whose translation is to be regulated. Certain conditions, such as presence of the antibiotic tetracycline in bacteria or amino acid starvation, may cause slowing or stalling of the ribosome translating the leader peptide. The stalled ribosome masks a region of the mRNA and affects which of two alternative mRNA folded structures will form, therefore controlling whether or not a ribosome will bind and initiate translation of the downstream gene. Translational attenuation is analogous to ribosome-mediated transcriptional attenuation, in which mRNA remodeling caused by ribosome stalling regulates transcriptional termination rather than translational initiation." [PMID:15694341, PMID:15805513] |
|
GO:0009401
|
0 |
phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system |
"The uptake and phosphorylation of specific carbohydrates from the extracellular environment; uptake and phosphorylation are coupled, making the PTS a link between the uptake and metabolism of sugars; phosphoenolpyruvate is the original phosphate donor; phosphoenolpyruvate passes the phosphate via a signal transduction pathway, to enzyme 1 (E1), which in turn passes it on to the histidine protein, HPr; the next step in the system involves sugar-specific membrane-bound complex, enzyme 2 (EII), which transports the sugar into the cell; it includes the sugar permease, which catalyzes the transport reactions; EII is usually divided into three different domains, EIIA, EIIB, and EIIC." [http://www.ucs.mun.ca/~n55lrb/general_pts.html] |
|
GO:0009403
|
0 |
toxin biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of toxin, a poisonous compound (typically a protein) that is produced by cells or organisms and that can cause disease when introduced into the body or tissues of an organism." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0009404
|
0 |
toxin metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving a toxin, a poisonous compound (typically a protein) that is produced by cells or organisms and that can cause disease when introduced into the body or tissues of an organism." [GOC:cab2] |
|
GO:0009407
|
0 |
toxin catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of toxin, a poisonous compound (typically a protein) that is produced by cells or organisms and that can cause disease when introduced into the body or tissues of an organism." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0009412
|
0 |
obsolete response to heavy metal |
"OBSOLETE. Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heavy metal stimulus. Heavy metals are those metals that can form a coordination bond with a protein; this definition includes the following biologically relevant heavy metals: Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, V, W, Zn." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0009442
|
0 |
allantoin assimilation pathway |
"The pathways by which allantoin is processed and converted to ureidoglycolate, and then into metabolically useful substrates. E. coli are able to utilize allantoin as a sole nitrogen source under anaerobic conditions by converting it to ureidoglycolate; this may be further metabolized to produce glyoxylate and thence 3-phosphoglycerate, or alternatively oxidized to oxolureate, which can converted into oxamate and carbamoylphosphate. This may then be further metabolized to CO2, NH4+ and ATP." [MetaCyc:PWY0-41] |
|
GO:0009451
|
90 |
RNA modification |
"The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an RNA molecule to produce an RNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:1555811337] |
|
GO:0009457
|
0 |
obsolete flavodoxin |
"OBSOLETE. A group of small electron carriers, characteristic of anaerobic bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria, cyanobacteria and eukaryotic algae. Contain flavin mononucleotide." [GOC:kd] |
|
GO:0009487
|
0 |
obsolete glutaredoxin |
"OBSOLETE. A small disulfide-containing redox protein that serves as a glutathione-disulfide oxidoreductase." [GOC:kd] |
|
GO:0009489
|
0 |
obsolete rubredoxin |
"OBSOLETE. A low molecular weight mononuclear iron protein involved in electron transfer, with an iron tetrahedrally coordinated by the sulfurs of four conserved cysteine residues." [GOC:kd] |
|
GO:0009502
|
0 |
obsolete photosynthetic electron transport chain |
"OBSOLETE. A series of membrane-linked oxidation-reduction reactions in which electrons are transferred from an initial electron donor through a series of intermediates to a final electron acceptor (usually oxygen)." [GOC:mtg_electron_transport, ISBN:014051403] |
|
GO:0009504
|
0 |
cell plate |
"The nascent cell membrane and cell wall structure that forms between two daughter nuclei near the center of a dividing plant cell. It develops at the equitorial region of the phragmoplast. It grows outwards to join with the lateral walls and form two daughter cells." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0009505
|
0 |
plant-type cell wall |
"A more or less rigid stucture lying outside the cell membrane of a cell and composed of cellulose and pectin and other organic and inorganic substances." [ISBN:0471245208] |
|
GO:0009506
|
0 |
plasmodesma |
"A fine cytoplasmic channel, found in all higher plants, that connects the cytoplasm of one cell to that of an adjacent cell." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0009509
|
0 |
chromoplast |
"A plastid containing pigments other than chlorophyll, usually yellow and orange carotenoid pigments." [ISBN:0471245208] |
|
GO:0009519
|
0 |
middle lamella |
"Layer of intercellular material, chiefly pectic substances, cementing together the primary walls of contiguous cells." [ISBN:0471245208] |
|
GO:0009524
|
0 |
phragmoplast |
"Fibrous structure (light microscope view) that arises between the daughter nuclei at telophase and within which the initial partition (cell plate), dividing the mother cell in two (cytokinesis), is formed. Appears at first as a spindle connected to the two nuclei, but later spreads laterally in the form of a ring. Consists of microtubules." [ISBN:0471245208] |
|
GO:0009525
|
0 |
phragmosome |
"A flattened membranous vesicle containing cell wall components." [ISBN:0943883999] |
|
GO:0009530
|
0 |
primary cell wall |
"A plant cell wall that is still able to expand, permitting cell growth. Primary cell walls contain more pectin than secondary walls and no lignin is present." [GOC:jid, PMID:9442872] |
|
GO:0009531
|
0 |
secondary cell wall |
"A plant cell wall that is no longer able to expand and so does not permit growth. Secondary cell walls contain less pectin that primary cell walls. The secondary cell is mostly composed of cellulose and is strengthened with lignin." [GOC:jid, ISBN:0943088399] |
|
GO:0009540
|
0 |
zeaxanthin epoxidase [overall] activity |
"Catalysis of the reactions: zeaxanthin + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = antheraxanthin + NAD(P)+ + H2O; and antheraxanthin + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = violaxanthin + NAD(P)+ + H2O." [EC:1.14.13.90] |
|
GO:0009541
|
0 |
etioplast prolamellar body |
"A three dimensional regular lattice found in etioplasts. It is composed of a continuous system of tubules but when exposed to light the symmetrical arrangement is rapidly lost as tubules become pinched off into two dimensional sections of lattice. These for perforated sheets of membrane that move apart, extend and increase, finally establishing the typical granal and intergranal lamellae of the mature chloroplast." [ISBN:0140514031] |
|
GO:0009549
|
0 |
cellulose microfibril |
"A microfibril composed of cellulose arranged in orthogonal layers. Cellulose is a straight chain polysaccharide composed of B(14) linked glucose subunits. It is a major component of plant cell walls. Higher plant microfibrils are about 10nm in diameter and extremely long in relation to their width. The cellulose molecules are oriented parallel to the long axis of the microfibril in a paracrystalline array, which provides great tensile strength. The microfibrils are held in place by the wall matrix and their orientation is closely controlled by the cell." [GOC:jid, ISBN:0943088399] |
|
GO:0009551
|
0 |
secondary plasmodesma |
"A plasmodesma with a branched structure, often with many channels leading into a larger central cavity; found in older tissues and usually derived from preexisting primary plasmodesmata." [PMID:15012255] |
|
GO:0009555
|
0 |
pollen development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pollen grain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The process begins with the meiosis of the microsporocyte to form four haploid microspores. The nucleus of each microspore then divides by mitosis to form a two-celled organism, the pollen grain, that contains a tube cell as well as a smaller generative cell. The pollen grain is surrounded by an elaborate cell wall. In some species, the generative cell immediately divides again to give a pair of sperm cells. In most flowering plants, however this division takes place later, in the tube that develops when a pollen grain germinates." [GOC:mtg_plant, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0009568
|
0 |
amyloplast starch grain |
"Plant storage body for amylose and amylopectin, 1-100um in diameter, and located in amyloplasts. Also contains small amounts of enzymes, amino acids, lipids and nucleic acids. The shape of the grain varies widely amongst species, but is often spherical or disk-shaped." [GOC:jl, PMID:11217978] |
|
GO:0009569
|
0 |
chloroplast starch grain |
"Plant storage body for amylose and amylopectin, 1-100um in diameter, and located in chloroplasts. Also contains small amounts of enzymes, amino acids, lipids and nucleic acids. The shape of the grain varies widely amongst species, but is often spherical or disk-shaped." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0009573
|
0 |
chloroplast ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase complex |
"A complex, located in the chloroplast, containing either both large and small subunits or just small subunits which carries out the activity of producing 3-phosphoglycerate from carbon dioxide and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate. An example of this component is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mlg, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0009574
|
0 |
preprophase band |
"A dense band of microtubules, 1-3 pm wide, that appears just beneath the cell membrane before the start of cell division in the cells of higher plants. It precedes the onset of prophase and then disappears as mitosis begins, yet it somehow determines the plane of orientation of the new cell plate forming in late telophase and marks the zone of the parental cell wall where fusion with the growing cell plate ultimately occurs." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0009579
|
0 |
thylakoid |
"A membranous cellular structure that bears the photosynthetic pigments in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. In cyanobacteria thylakoids are of various shapes and are attached to, or continuous with, the plasma membrane. In eukaryotes they are flattened, membrane-bounded disk-like structures located in the chloroplasts; in the chloroplasts of higher plants the thylakoids form dense stacks called grana. Isolated thylakoid preparations can carry out photosynthetic electron transport and the associated phosphorylation." [GOC:ds, GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0009584
|
4 |
detection of visible light |
"The series of events in which a visible light stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. A visible light stimulus is electromagnetic radiation that can be perceived visually by an organism; for organisms lacking a visual system, this can be defined as light with a wavelength within the range 380 to 780 nm." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0009602
|
0 |
detection of symbiont |
"The series of events in which a stimulus from a symbiont (an organism living in close physical association with an organism of a different species) is received and converted into a molecular signal. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:hb, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0009606
|
0 |
tropism |
"The movement of an organism, or part of an organism, in response to an external source of stimulus, usually toward or away from it." [GOC:curators, ISBN:0877795088] |
|
GO:0009608
|
0 |
response to symbiont |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a symbiont, an organism living with an organism of a different species in close physical association. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:hb, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0009623
|
0 |
response to parasitic fungus |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a parasitic fungus, a fungus which spends all or part of its life in or on another organism from which it obtains nourishment and/or protection." [GOC:hb, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0009638
|
0 |
phototropism |
"The movement of an organism, or part of an organism, in response to a light stimulus, usually toward or away from it." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_far_red, PMID:16870491] |
|
GO:0009652
|
0 |
thigmotropism |
"The movement of an organism, or part of an organism, such as leaves or tendrils, in response to a touch stimulus, usually toward or away from it." [GOC:jl, PMID:16153165] |
|
GO:0009661
|
0 |
chromoplast organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the chromoplast. A chromoplast is a plastid containing pigments other than chlorophyll, usually yellow and orange carotenoid pigments." [GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0009663
|
0 |
plasmodesma organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a plasmodesma, a fine cytoplasmic channel, found in all higher plants, that connects the cytoplasm of one cell to that of an adjacent cell." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0009664
|
0 |
plant-type cell wall organization |
"A process that results in the assembly and arrangement of constituent parts of the cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall, or in the disassembly of the cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall. This process is carried out at the cellular level. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0009758
|
0 |
carbohydrate utilization |
"A series of processes that forms an integrated mechanism by which a cell or an organism detects the depletion of primary carbohydrate sources,usually glucose, and then activates genes to scavenge the last traces of the primary carbohydrate source and to transport and metabolize alternate carbohydrate sources. The utilization process begins when the cell or organism detects carbohydrate levels, includes the activation of genes whose products detect, transport or metabolize carbohydrates, and ends when the carbohydrate is incorporated into the cell or organism's metabolism." [GOC:mah, GOC:mcc2, GOC:mlg] |
|
GO:0009781
|
0 |
obsolete photosynthetic water oxidation |
"OBSOLETE. Processes by which a molecule of water is oxidized during photosynthesis. P680+, the photochemically oxidized reaction-center chlorophyll of PSII, is a strong biological oxidant. The reduction potential of P680+ is more positive than that of water, and thus it can oxidize water to give O2 and H+ ions. The oxygen escapes as a gas while the H+ ions remain in solution inside the thylakoid vesicle." [GOC:jid, ISBN:0716743663, ISBN:0816017360] |
|
GO:0009792
|
3113 |
embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an embryo over time, from zygote formation until the end of the embryonic life stage. The end of the embryonic life stage is organism-specific and may be somewhat arbitrary; for mammals it is usually considered to be birth, for insects the hatching of the first instar larva from the eggshell." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0009806
|
0 |
lignan metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving lignans, any member of a class of plant metabolites related to lignins. Lignans are usually found as phenylpropanoid dimers in which the phenylpropanoid units are linked tail to tail and thus having a 2,3 dibenzylbutane skeleton, but higher oligomers can also exist." [GOC:jl, PMID:10074466] |
|
GO:0009807
|
0 |
lignan biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lignans, any member of a class of plant metabolites related to lignins. Lignans are usually found as phenylpropanoid dimers in which the phenylpropanoid units are linked tail to tail and thus having a 2,3 dibenzylbutane skeleton, but higher oligomers can also exist." [GOC:jl, PMID:10074466] |
|
GO:0009824
|
0 |
AMP dimethylallyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: AMP + dimethylallyl diphosphate = N(6)-(dimethylallyl)adenosine 5'-phosphate + diphosphate." [EC:2.5.1.27, RHEA:15288] |
|
GO:0009827
|
0 |
plant-type cell wall modification |
"The series of events leading to chemical and structural alterations of an existing cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall that can result in loosening, increased extensibility or disassembly. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:lr, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0009828
|
0 |
plant-type cell wall loosening |
"The series of events causing chemical and structural alterations of an existing cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall that results in greater extensibility of the wall. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:lr, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0009829
|
0 |
cell wall modification involved in fruit ripening |
"The series of events resulting in chemical or structural alterations of existing cell walls that contribute to fruit ripening." [GOC:lr] |
|
GO:0009830
|
0 |
cell wall modification involved in abscission |
"A cellular process that results in the breakdown of the cell wall that contributes to the process of abscission." [GOC:dph, GOC:lr, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0009831
|
0 |
plant-type cell wall modification involved in multidimensional cell growth |
"The series of events that occur during cell growth that result in chemical or structural changes to existing cell walls of the type composed chiefly of cellulose and pectin. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:lr, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0009832
|
0 |
plant-type cell wall biogenesis |
"A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a cellulose and pectin-containing cell wall. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:lr, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0009833
|
0 |
plant-type primary cell wall biogenesis |
"A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of cellulose and pectin-containing cell walls that form adjacent to the middle lamella following cell division and during cell expansion. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:lr, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0009834
|
0 |
plant-type secondary cell wall biogenesis |
"A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of inextensible cellulose- and pectin-containing cell walls that are formed between the plasma membrane and primary cell wall after cell expansion is complete. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:lr, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0009835
|
0 |
fruit ripening |
"An aging process that has as participant a fruit. Ripening causes changes in one or more characteristics of a fruit (color, aroma, flavor, texture, hardness, cell wall structure) and may make it more attractive to animals and aid in seed dispersal." [GOC:lr] |
|
GO:0010022
|
0 |
meristem determinacy |
"The process in which a meristem becomes determinate (i.e. ceases to produce lateral organs and may or may not terminally differentiate)." [GOC:lr] |
|
GO:0009847
|
0 |
spore germination |
"The physiological and developmental changes that occur in a spore following release from dormancy up to the earliest signs of growth (e.g. emergence from a spore wall)." [GOC:lr] |
|
GO:0009853
|
0 |
photorespiration |
"A light-dependent catabolic process occurring concomitantly with photosynthesis in plants (especially C3 plants) whereby dioxygen (O2) is consumed and carbon dioxide (CO2) is evolved. The substrate is glycolate formed in large quantities in chloroplasts from 2-phosphoglycolate generated from ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate by the action of ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase; the glycolate enters the peroxisomes where it is converted by glycolate oxidase to glyoxylate which undergoes transamination to glycine. This then passes into the mitochondria where it is decarboxylated forming one molecule of serine for every two molecules of glycine. This pathway also exists in photosynthetic bacteria." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0009860
|
0 |
pollen tube growth |
"Growth of pollen via tip extension of the intine wall." [ISBN:00943088399] |
|
GO:0009905
|
0 |
ent-copalyl diphosphate synthase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate = ent-copalyl diphosphate." [EC:5.5.1.13, RHEA:14844] |
|
GO:0009919
|
0 |
obsolete cytokinesis (sensu Viridiplantae) |
"OBSOLETE. The division of a cell into two daughter cells with cell walls." [GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0009920
|
0 |
cell plate formation involved in plant-type cell wall biogenesis |
"The cell cycle process in which the cell plate is formed at the equator of the spindle in the dividing cells during early telophase. An example of this is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:tb, ISBN:0879015322] |
|
GO:0009926
|
0 |
auxin polar transport |
"The unidirectional movement of auxin in the stem from tip to base along the vector of gravity or basipetally." [GOC:sm] |
|
GO:0009930
|
0 |
longitudinal side of cell surface |
"The side of the cell parallel to the zygotic axis." [GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:sm] |
|
GO:0009932
|
0 |
cell tip growth |
"Growth that occurs specifically at the tip of a cell." [GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0009936
|
0 |
obsolete expansin |
"OBSOLETE. A group of proteins located within the cell walls of plants, both dicots and grasses, that play an essential role in loosening cell walls during cell growth. They are hydrophobic, non glycosylated proteins of about 30kDa." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0009969
|
0 |
xyloglucan biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of xyloglucan, the cross-linking glycan composed of (1->4)-beta-D glucan backbone substituted at regular intervals with beta-D-xylosyl-(1->6) residues, which is present in the primary cell wall of most higher plants." [GOC:sm] |
|
GO:0009978
|
0 |
allene oxide synthase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: 13(S)-hydroperoxylinolenate = 12,13(S)-epoxylinolenate + H2O." [EC:4.2.1.92, MetaCyc:RXN1F-19, PMID:9778849] |
|
GO:0009986
|
0 |
cell surface |
"The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:sm] |
|
GO:0009997
|
0 |
negative regulation of cardioblast cell fate specification |
"Any process that restricts, stops or prevents a cell from specifying into a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0010002
|
0 |
cardioblast differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized mesodermal cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0010007
|
0 |
magnesium chelatase complex |
"A heterotrimeric enzyme complex composed of three subunits, all of which are required for enzyme activity, which catalyzes the chelation of Mg by proto IX in an ATP-dependent manner." [PMID:11842180] |
|
GO:0010015
|
0 |
root morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structures of roots are generated and organized. The root is the usually underground part of a seed plant body that originates from the hypocotyl, functions as an organ of absorption, aeration, and food storage or as a means of anchorage and support." [GOC:sm, ISBN:0877797099] |
|
GO:0010016
|
0 |
shoot system morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structures of the shoot are generated and organized. The shoot is the part of a seed plant body that is usually above ground." [GOC:sm, ISBN:0877797099] |
|
GO:0010069
|
0 |
zygote asymmetric cytokinesis in embryo sac |
"The division of the zygote in a plane perpendicular to the long axis of the embryo sac to produce a larger basal cell near the micropyle and a small terminal cell close to what was the central cell and is now the developing endosperm. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:tb, ISBN:0865427429] |
|
GO:0010070
|
1 |
zygote asymmetric cell division |
"The division of the zygote into two daughter cells that will adopt developmentally distinct potentials." [GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010072
|
0 |
primary shoot apical meristem specification |
"The specification of the meristem which will give rise to all post-embryonic above-ground structures of the plant as well as the non-root below-ground structures, such as rhizomes and tubers." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tair_curators, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010074
|
0 |
maintenance of meristem identity |
"The process in which an organism retains a population of meristem cells, preventing the commitment of all stem cell progeny to a differentiated cell fate." [GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010076
|
0 |
maintenance of floral meristem identity |
"The process in which an organism retains a population of floral meristem cells, preventing the commitment of all stem cell progeny to a differentiated cell fate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010077
|
0 |
maintenance of inflorescence meristem identity |
"The process in which an organism retains a population of inflorescence meristem cells, preventing the commitment of all stem cell progeny to a differentiated cell fate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010078
|
0 |
maintenance of root meristem identity |
"The process in which an organism retains a population of root meristem cells, preventing the commitment of all stem cell progeny to a differentiated cell fate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010079
|
0 |
maintenance of vegetative meristem identity |
"The process in which an organism retains a population of vegetative meristem cells, preventing the commitment of all stem cell progeny to a differentiated cell fate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010090
|
0 |
trichome morphogenesis |
"The process in which the structures of a hair cell (trichome) cell are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized epidermal cell is acquiring the specialized features of a hair cell. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:tair_curators] |
|
GO:0010135
|
0 |
ureide metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving ureide, allantoin and allantoate, which are the organic forms of nitrogen in nitrogen fixing and transporting plants." [GOC:pz] |
|
GO:0010149
|
0 |
obsolete senescence |
"OBSOLETE. A preprogrammed process associated with the dismantling of an anatomical structure and an overall decline in metabolism. This may include the breakdown of organelles, membranes and other cellular components. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana, when older leaves or floral organs are shed." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0387987819] |
|
GO:0010150
|
0 |
leaf senescence |
"The process that occurs in a leaf near the end of its active life that is associated with the dismantling of cell components and membranes, loss of functional chloroplasts, and an overall decline in metabolism." [ISBN:0387987819] |
|
GO:0010151
|
0 |
chloroplast elongation |
"Expansion of the chloroplast that usually precedes division." [GOC:lr] |
|
GO:0010162
|
0 |
seed dormancy process |
"A dormancy process in which dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is induced, maintained or broken in a seed. Seed dormancy is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth in a seed, including the embryo contained therein, that can be reactivated. It often requires special conditions for reactivation, such as specific temperature, scarification, or leaching of inhibitors." [GOC:lr, GOC:PO_curators, ISBN:9781405139830, PO_REF:00009] |
|
GO:0010170
|
0 |
glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase complex |
"Complex that catalyzes the synthesis of ADP-glucose and pyrophosphate from glucose-1-phosphate and ATP. In plants, the complex is a heterotetramer composed of two types of subunits (small and large). In bacteria, the enzyme complex is composed of four identical subunits." [GOC:tb, PMID:12748181] |
|
GO:0010189
|
0 |
vitamin E biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of vitamin E, tocopherol, which includes a series of eight structurally similar compounds. Alpha-tocopherol is the most active form in humans and is a powerful biological antioxidant." [GOC:mg] |
|
GO:0010208
|
0 |
pollen wall assembly |
"The formation of reticulate pollen wall pattern consisting of two layers, exine and intine." [PMID:11743117] |
|
GO:0010215
|
0 |
cellulose microfibril organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellulose microfibril, any of the cellulose structures laid down in orthogonal layers in a plant cell wall." [GOC:mah, PMID:12468730] |
|
GO:0010242
|
0 |
oxygen evolving activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: 2 H2O = O2 + 4 H+ + 4 e-. The evolution of oxygen from oxidizing water is carried out by the oxygen evolving complex in photosystem II of plants. P680+, the photochemically oxidized reaction-center chlorophyll of PSII, is a strong biological oxidant. The reduction potential of P680+ is more positive than that of water, and thus it can oxidize water to give O2 and H+ ions. The oxygen escapes as a gas while the H+ ions remain in solution inside the thylakoid vesicle." [GOC:kd, GOC:syr, PMID:17091926, PMID:7948862] |
|
GO:0010243
|
55 |
response to organonitrogen compound |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organonitrogen stimulus. An organonitrogen compound is formally a compound containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond." [CHEBI:35352, PMID:9869419] |
|
GO:0010219
|
0 |
regulation of vernalization response |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the vernalization response, by which induction of flowering is normally caused by extended exposure to cold temperatures." [GOC:sm] |
|
GO:0010220
|
0 |
positive regulation of vernalization response |
"Any process that activates or induces the rate of the vernalization response, by which induction of flowering is normally caused by extended exposure to cold temperatures." [GOC:sm] |
|
GO:0010221
|
0 |
negative regulation of vernalization response |
"Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the vernalization response, by which induction of flowering is normally caused by extended exposure to cold temperatures." [GOC:sm] |
|
GO:0010234
|
0 |
anther wall tapetum cell fate specification |
"The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a tapetal cell of anthers in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed." [GOC:mg] |
|
GO:0010260
|
5 |
organ senescence |
"The process that occurs in an organ near the end of its active life that is associated with the dismantling of cell components and membranes, and an overall decline in metabolism. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:sm] |
|
GO:0010267
|
0 |
production of ta-siRNAs involved in RNA interference |
"Cleavage of double-stranded RNA to form trans-acting small interfering RNA molecules (siRNAs) of 21-23 nucleotides. ta-siRNAs arise from PolII genes and function like miRNAs to guide cleavage of target mRNAs." [GOC:tb, PMID:16129836] |
|
GO:0010277
|
0 |
chlorophyllide a oxygenase [overall] activity |
"Catalysis of the reactions: chlorophyllide a + O2 + NADPH + H+ = 7-hydroxychlorophyllide a + H2O + NADP+; and 7-hydroxychlorophyllide a + O2 + NADPH + H+ = chlorophyllide b + 2 H2O + NADP+." [EC:1.13.12.14, MetaCyc:RXN-7677] |
|
GO:0010306
|
0 |
rhamnogalacturonan II biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of rhamnogalacturonan II, a low molecular mass (5 - 10KDa) pectic polysaccharide, conserved in the primary walls of dicotyledenous and monocotyledenous plants and gymnosperms." [PMID:12754267] |
|
GO:0010319
|
0 |
stromule |
"Thin filamentous structure extending from the surface of all plastid types examined so far, including chloroplast, proplastid, etioplast, leucoplast, amyloplast, and chromoplast. In general, stromules are more abundant in tissues containing non-green plastids, and in cells containing smaller plastids. The primary function of stromules is still unresolved, although the presence of stromules markedly increases the plastid surface area, potentially increasing transport to and from the cytosol. Other functions of stromules, such as transfer of macromolecules between plastids and starch granule formation in cereal endosperm, may be restricted to particular tissues and cell types." [PMID:15272881, PMID:15699062, PMID:16582010] |
|
GO:0010330
|
0 |
cellulose synthase complex |
"A large, multimeric protein complex, organized in a rosette, which catalyzes the biosynthesis of cellulose for the plant cell wall." [PMID:12514238, PMID:18485800, PMID:21307367] |
|
GO:0010332
|
12 |
response to gamma radiation |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gamma radiation stimulus. Gamma radiation is a form of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) or light emission of a specific frequency produced from sub-atomic particle interaction, such as electron-positron annihilation and radioactive decay. Gamma rays are generally characterized as EMR having the highest frequency and energy, and also the shortest wavelength, within the electromagnetic radiation spectrum." [GOC:tair_curators, Wikipedia:Gamma_ray] |
|
GO:0010339
|
0 |
external side of cell wall |
"The side of the cell wall that is opposite to the side that faces the cell and its contents." [GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010342
|
0 |
endosperm cellularization |
"The separation of the multi-nucleate endosperm into individual cells. In many plant species, the endosperm that nurtures the embryo in the seed initially develops as a syncytium. This syncytial phase ends with simultaneous partitioning of the multi-nucleate cytoplasm into individual cells, a process referred to as cellularization." [PMID:12421698] |
|
GO:0010344
|
0 |
seed oilbody biogenesis |
"A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a seed oilbody. Seed oilbodies are simple organelles comprising a matrix of triglyceride surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer embedded and covered with unique proteins called oleosins. Seed oilbodies supply the energy requirements for the growth of the seedling after germination." [GOC:jl, PMID:16877495] |
|
GO:0010357
|
0 |
homogentisate solanesyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: homogentisic acid + all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate + 3 H+ = 2-methyl-6-solanyl-1,4-benzoquinonone + CO2 + diphosphate. 2-methyl-6-solanyl-1,4-benzoquinonone is also known as 2-methyl-6-solanesylplastoquinol and all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate as solanesyl diphosphate." [PMID:16989822] |
|
GO:0010358
|
0 |
leaf shaping |
"The developmental process that pertains to the organization of a leaf in three-dimensional space once the structure has initially formed." [GOC:tb, PMID:16971475] |
|
GO:0010377
|
0 |
guard cell fate commitment |
"The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a stomatal guard cell. Guard cells are located in the leaf epidermis and pairwise surround stomatal pores, which allow CO2 influx for photosynthetic carbon fixation and water loss via transpiration to the atmosphere." [PMID:17259259] |
|
GO:0010383
|
2 |
cell wall polysaccharide metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving cell wall polysaccharides." [GOC:tair_curators] |
|
GO:0010384
|
0 |
cell wall proteoglycan metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving cell wall peptidoglycan, a group of glycoproteins that consist of a core-protein backbone O-glycosylated by one or more complex carbohydrates." [GOC:tair_curators] |
|
GO:0010404
|
0 |
cell wall hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving a cell wall hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein that consist of a core-protein backbone O-glycosylated by one or more complex carbohydrates." [GOC:tair_curators] |
|
GO:0010405
|
0 |
arabinogalactan protein metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving a cell wall arabinogalactan II glycoprotein, which is composed of a group of core protein of highly varying length and domain complexity. These are O-glycosylated at one or more hydroxyproline residues by arabinogalactan (AG) type II groups, which consist of (1->3)-beta-galactan and (1->6)-beta-linked galactan chains connected to each other by (1->3,1->6)-linked branch points, O-3 and O-6 positions substituted with terminal arabinosyl residues. Also, rhamnose, fucose, glucuronic and galacturonic acid can be present in the glycan structures." [GOC:tair_curators] |
|
GO:0010406
|
0 |
classical arabinogalactan protein metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving a cell wall arabinogalactan II glycoprotein, which is composed of a group of core protein containing Hyp, Ala, Ser, Thr and Gly as the major amino acid constituents, and the C-terminus is GPI anchored." [GOC:tair_curators] |
|
GO:0010407
|
0 |
non-classical arabinogalactan protein metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving a cell wall arabinogalactan II glycoprotein where other amino acids besides Hyp, Ala, Ser, Thr and Gly can be present and grouped into regions, such as a Cys-rich or Asn-rich domains." [GOC:tair_curators] |
|
GO:0010408
|
0 |
fasciclin-like arabinogalactan protein metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving the cell wall arabinogalactan II glycoprotein variant which contains both an arabinogalactan protein (AGP) motif and a fasciclin domain." [GOC:tair_curators] |
|
GO:0010410
|
0 |
hemicellulose metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving hemicelluloses, plant cell wall polysaccharides that have a backbone of 1,4-linked beta-D-pyranosyl residues in which O4 is in the equatorial orientation. Many different hemicelluloses usually occur intermixed with each molecular type representing different degrees of polymerization and contain many different sugar monomers, which can include glucose, xylose, mannose, galactose, and arabinose. Hemicelluloses also contain most of the D-pentose sugars and occasionally small amounts of L-sugars as well. Xylose is always the sugar monomer present in the largest amount, but mannuronic acid and galacturonic acid also tend to be present." [GOC:tair_curators] |
|
GO:0010411
|
0 |
xyloglucan metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving xyloglucan, the cross-linking glycan composed of (1->4)-beta-D-glucan backbone substituted at regular intervals with beta-D-xylosyl-(1->6) residues, which is present in the primary cell wall of most higher plants." [GOC:tair_curators] |
|
GO:0010419
|
0 |
rhamnogalacturonan II side chain metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving the side chains of pectic rhamnogalacturonan II. A number of structurally distinct di- and oligosaccharides can be attached to the C-3 and C-2 of the backbone, respectively." [GOC:tair_curators] |
|
GO:0010430
|
0 |
fatty acid omega-oxidation |
"A fatty acid oxidation process in which the methyl group at the end of the fatty acid molecule (the omega carbon) is first oxidized to a hydroxyl group, then to an oxo group, and finally to a carboxyl group. The long chain dicarboxylates derived from omega-oxidation then enter the beta-oxidation pathway for further degradation." [MetaCyc:PWY-2724, PMID:16404574] |
|
GO:0010432
|
0 |
bract development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the bract over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A bract is a leaf, usually different in form from the foliage leaves, subtending a flower or inflorescence." [GOC:tb, PMID:16554366, PO:0009055] |
|
GO:0010433
|
0 |
bract morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structure of a bract are generated and organized. A bract is a leaf, usually different in form from the foliage leaves, subtending a flower or inflorescence." [GOC:tb, PMID:16554366, PO:0009055] |
|
GO:0010434
|
0 |
bract formation |
"The process that gives rise to a bract. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. A bract is a leaf, usually different in form from the foliage leaves, subtending a flower or inflorescence." [GOC:tb, PMID:16554366, PO:0009055] |
|
GO:0010445
|
0 |
nuclear dicing body |
"A small round nuclear body, measuring 0.2-0.8 microns in diameter that is diffusely distributed throughout the nucleoplasm. Several proteins known to be involved in miRNA processing have been localized to these structures. D-bodies are thought to be involved in primary-miRNA processing and/or storage/assembly of miRNA processing complexes." [PMID:17442570] |
|
GO:0010450
|
0 |
inflorescence meristem growth |
"The increase in size or mass of an inflorescence meristem, a population of undifferentiated cells in a plant shoot which produces small leaves and then floral meristems, which will give rise to flowers." [GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010463
|
0 |
mesenchymal cell proliferation |
"The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a mesenchymal cell population. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010464
|
0 |
regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010480
|
0 |
microsporocyte differentiation |
"The process aimed at the progression of a microsporocyte cell over time, from initial commitment of the cell to a specific fate, to the fully functional differentiated cell. A microsporocyte is a diploid (2n) cell that undergoes meiosis and forms four haploid (1n) microspores; also called microspore mother cell and, in seed plants, pollen mother cell." [CL:0000248, PMID:16751349] |
|
GO:0010492
|
0 |
maintenance of shoot apical meristem identity |
"The process in which an organism retains a population of shoot apical meristem cells, preventing the commitment of all stem cell progeny to a differentiated cell fate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:17461786] |
|
GO:0010497
|
0 |
plasmodesmata-mediated intercellular transport |
"The movement of substances between cells via plasmodesmata. Plasmodesmata is a fine cytoplasmic channel, found in all higher plants, that connects the cytoplasm of one cell to that of an adjacent cell." [PMID:17601829] |
|
GO:0010556
|
1068 |
regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010557
|
241 |
positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process |
"Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010558
|
186 |
negative regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process |
"Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010559
|
3 |
regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010560
|
1 |
positive regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process |
"Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010561
|
2 |
negative regulation of glycoprotein biosynthetic process |
"Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycoproteins, any protein that contains covalently bound glycose (i.e. monosaccharide) residues; the glycose occurs most commonly as oligosaccharide or fairly small polysaccharide but occasionally as monosaccharide." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010576
|
0 |
metalloenzyme regulator activity |
"Modulates the activity of a metalloenzyme. A metalloenzyme is any enzyme that contains metal." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010577
|
0 |
metalloenzyme activator activity |
"Increases the activity of a metalloenzyme. A metalloenzyme is any enzyme that contains metal." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010582
|
0 |
floral meristem determinacy |
"The process in which a floral meristem becomes determinate (i.e. ceases to produce lateral organs and may or may not terminally differentiate)." [PMID:18441215] |
|
GO:0010583
|
0 |
response to cyclopentenone |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cyclopentenone stimulus. Cyclopentenones are oxylipins derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids. They are structurally similar to jasmonic acid, but contain a reactive unsaturated carbonyl structure in the cyclo-ring. Cyclopentenones include phytoprostanes and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid." [PMID:18334669] |
|
GO:0010584
|
0 |
pollen exine formation |
"The formation of the pollen exine. The reticulate pollen wall pattern consists of two layers, exine and intine." [GOC:dhl] |
|
GO:0010590
|
0 |
regulation of cell separation after cytokinesis |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the process of physically separating progeny cells after cytokinesis; this may involve enzymatic digestion of septum or cell wall components." [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:19959363, PMID:21246752, PMID:22786806] |
|
GO:0010599
|
0 |
production of lsiRNA involved in RNA interference |
"Cleavage of double-stranded RNA to form lsiRNA (long small interfering RNA), a class of siRNAs 30 to 40 nt in length. lsiRNAs are induced by pathogen infection or under specific growth conditions." [PMID:18003861] |
|
GO:0010604
|
366 |
positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process |
"Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010605
|
498 |
negative regulation of macromolecule metabolic process |
"Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010611
|
0 |
regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart due to an increase in size (not length) of individual cardiac muscle fibers, without cell division." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010613
|
0 |
positive regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy |
"Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of the enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart due to an increase in size (not length) of individual cardiac muscle fibers, without cell division." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010614
|
0 |
negative regulation of cardiac muscle hypertrophy |
"Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart due to an increase in size (not length) of individual cardiac muscle fibers, without cell division." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010643
|
0 |
cell communication by chemical coupling |
"The process that mediates signaling interactions between one cell and another cell by the transfer of small, water-soluble molecules or metabolites between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels." [GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010645
|
0 |
regulation of cell communication by chemical coupling |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication via chemical coupling. Cell communication by chemical coupling is the process that mediates signaling interactions between one cell and another cell by the transfer of small, water-soluble molecules or metabolites between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels." [GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010652
|
0 |
positive regulation of cell communication by chemical coupling |
"Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication via chemical coupling. Cell communication by chemical coupling is the process that mediates signaling interactions between one cell and another cell by the transfer of small, water-soluble molecules or metabolites between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels." [GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010653
|
0 |
negative regulation of cell communication by chemical coupling |
"Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication via chemical coupling. Cell communication by chemical coupling is the process that mediates signaling interactions between one cell and another cell by the transfer of small, water-soluble molecules or metabolites between their adjacent cytoplasms via intercellular protein channels." [GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010699
|
0 |
cell-cell signaling involved in quorum sensing |
"The cell-cell signaling process in which single-celled organisms monitor population density by detecting the concentration of small diffusible signal molecules." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010702
|
0 |
obsolete regulation of histolysis |
"OBSOLETE. Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the breakdown of tissues; usually, if not always, accompanied by cell death." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:rl, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010703
|
0 |
obsolete negative regulation of histolysis |
"OBSOLETE. Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of the breakdown of tissues; usually, if not always, accompanied by cell death." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:rl, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010708
|
0 |
heteroduplex formation involved in gene conversion at mating-type locus |
"The formation of a stable duplex DNA that contains one strand from each of the two recombining DNA molecules resulting in the conversion of the mating-type locus from one allele to another." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010728
|
0 |
regulation of hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of hydrogen peroxide biosynthesis. The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a potentially harmful byproduct of aerobic cellular respiration which can cause damage to DNA." [GOC:dph, GOC:hjd, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010729
|
0 |
positive regulation of hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process |
"Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of hydrogen peroxide biosynthesis. The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a potentially harmful byproduct of aerobic cellular respiration which can cause damage to DNA." [GOC:dph, GOC:hjd, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010730
|
0 |
negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process |
"Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of hydrogen peroxide biosynthesis. The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a potentially harmful byproduct of aerobic cellular respiration which can cause damage to DNA." [GOC:dph, GOC:hjd, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010735
|
0 |
positive regulation of transcription via serum response element binding |
"Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the specifically regulated synthesis of RNA from DNA encoding a specific set of genes as a result of a transcription factor interacting with a serum response element (SRE). A serum response element is a short sequence with dyad symmetry found in the promoters of some of the cellular immediate-early genes, regulated by serum." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:rl, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010742
|
0 |
macrophage derived foam cell differentiation |
"The process in which a monocyte acquires the specialized features of a foam cell. A foam cell is a type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions." [GOC:add, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010743
|
0 |
regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation. Macrophage derived foam cell differentiation is the process in which a macrophage acquires the specialized features of a foam cell. A foam cell is a type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions." [GOC:add, GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010744
|
0 |
positive regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation |
"Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation. Macrophage derived foam cell differentiation is the process in which a macrophage acquires the specialized features of a foam cell. A foam cell is a type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions." [GOC:add, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010745
|
0 |
negative regulation of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation |
"Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of macrophage derived foam cell differentiation. Macrophage derived foam cell differentiation is the process in which a macrophage acquires the specialized features of a foam cell. A foam cell is a type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions." [GOC:add, GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010776
|
0 |
meiotic mismatch repair involved in meiotic gene conversion |
"A system for the identification and correction of base-base mismatches, small insertion-deletion loops, and regions of heterology that are present in duplex DNA formed with strands from two recombining molecules resulting in meiotic gene conversion. Meiotic gene conversion is the cell cycle process in which genetic information is transferred from one helix to another." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010777
|
0 |
meiotic mismatch repair involved in reciprocal meiotic recombination |
"A system for the identification and correction of base-base mismatches, small insertion-deletion loops, and regions of heterology that are present in duplex DNA formed with strands from two recombining molecules resulting in meiotic recombination. Meiotic recombination is the cell cycle process in which double strand breaks are formed and repaired through a double Holliday junction intermediate." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010817
|
8 |
regulation of hormone levels |
"Any process that modulates the levels of hormone within an organism or a tissue. A hormone is any substance formed in very small amounts in one specialized organ or group of cells and carried (sometimes in the bloodstream) to another organ or group of cells in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory action." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010842
|
0 |
retina layer formation |
"The process in which the vertebrate retina is organized into three laminae: the outer nuclear layer (ONL), which contains photoreceptor nuclei; the inner nuclear layer (INL), which contains amacrine, bipolar and horizontal cells; and the retinal ganglion cell (RGC) layer. Between the inner and outer nuclear layers, the outer plexiform layer (OPL) contains connections between the photoreceptors and bipolar and horizontal cells. The inner plexiform layer (IPL) is positioned between the INL and the ganglion cell layer and contains the dendrites of RGCs and processes of bipolar and amacrine cells. Spanning all layers of the retina are the radially oriented Mueller glia." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:1270266] |
|
GO:0010865
|
0 |
stipule development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the stipule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A stipule is one of (usually) a pair of appendages at the bases of leaves in many broad-leaved angiosperms." [GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010939
|
13 |
regulation of necrotic cell death |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of necrotic cell death. Necrotic cell death is a cell death process that is morphologically characterized by a gain in cell volume (oncosis), swelling of organelles, plasma membrane rupture and subsequent loss of intracellular contents." [PMID:16507998] |
|
GO:0010940
|
12 |
positive regulation of necrotic cell death |
"Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of necrotic cell death. Necrotic cell death is a cell death process that is morphologically characterized by a gain in cell volume (oncosis), swelling of organelles, plasma membrane rupture and subsequent loss of intracellular contents." [PMID:16507998] |
|
GO:0010941
|
112 |
regulation of cell death |
"Any process that modulates the rate or frequency of cell death. Cell death is the specific activation or halting of processes within a cell so that its vital functions markedly cease, rather than simply deteriorating gradually over time, which culminates in cell death." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010942
|
47 |
positive regulation of cell death |
"Any process that increases the rate or frequency of cell death. Cell death is the specific activation or halting of processes within a cell so that its vital functions markedly cease, rather than simply deteriorating gradually over time, which culminates in cell death." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010949
|
0 |
negative regulation of intestinal phytosterol absorption |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of phytosterols into the blood by absorption from the small intestine." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010964
|
0 |
regulation of chromatin silencing by small RNA |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chromatin silencing by small RNA. Chromatin silencing by small RNA is the repression of transcription by conversion of large regions of DNA into heterochromatin, directed by small RNAs sharing sequence identity to the repressed region." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010965
|
23 |
regulation of mitotic sister chromatid separation |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mitotic sister chromatid separation. Mitotic sister chromatid separation is the process in which sister chromatids are physically detached from each other during mitosis." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010968
|
0 |
regulation of microtubule nucleation |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of microtubule nucleation. Microtubule nucleation is the 'de novo' formation of a microtubule, in which tubulin heterodimers form metastable oligomeric aggregates, some of which go on to support formation of a complete microtubule. Microtubule nucleation usually occurs from a specific site within a cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010975
|
54 |
regulation of neuron projection development |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of neuron projection development. Neuron projection development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites)." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010976
|
9 |
positive regulation of neuron projection development |
"Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of neuron projection development. Neuron projection development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites)." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010977
|
16 |
negative regulation of neuron projection development |
"Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of neuron projection development. Neuron projection development is the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites)." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0010981
|
0 |
regulation of cell wall macromolecule metabolic process |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of cell wall macromolecule metabolism. Cell wall macromolecule metabolic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules forming, or destined to form, part of the cell wall. A cell wall is a rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal and most prokaryotic cells, maintaining their shape and protecting them from osmotic lysis." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0012511
|
0 |
monolayer-surrounded lipid storage body |
"A subcellular organelle of plant cells surrounded by 'half-unit' or a monolayer membrane instead of the more usual bilayer. The storage body has a droplet of triglyceride surrounded by a monolayer of phospholipids, interacting with the triglycerides and the hydrophilic head groups facing the cytosol, and containing major protein components called oleosins." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0943088372] |
|
GO:0014001
|
0 |
sclerenchyma cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a sclerenchyma cell. A sclerenchyma cell is a plant cell with thick lignified walls, normally dead at maturity and specialized for structural strength. Includes fiber cells, that are greatly elongated; and sclereids, that are more isodiametric. Intermediate types exist. Cells may or may not be devoid of protoplasm at maturity. Cell form and size are variable." [CL:0000276, GOC:ef, GOC:jid, PO:0000077] |
|
GO:0014028
|
0 |
notochord formation |
"The formation of the notochord from the chordamesoderm. The notochord is composed of large cells packed within a firm connective tissue sheath and is found in all chordates at the ventral surface of the neural tube. In vertebrates, the notochord contributes to the vertebral column." [GOC:dh, GOC:ef] |
|
GO:0014046
|
0 |
dopamine secretion |
"The regulated release of dopamine by a cell. Dopamine is a catecholamine and a precursor of adrenaline and noradrenaline. It acts as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system but it is also produced peripherally and acts as a hormone." [GOC:ef] |
|
GO:0014069
|
0 |
postsynaptic density |
"The postsynaptic density is a region that lies adjacent to the cytoplasmic face of the postsynaptic membrane at an excitatory synapse. It forms a disc that consists of a range of proteins with different functions, some of which contact the cytoplasmic domains of ion channels in the postsynaptic membrane. The proteins making up the disc include structural proteins linked to the actin cytoskeleton and signalling machinery, such as protein kinases and phosphatases. The postsynaptic density may be part of a neuron or a muscle cell or a glial cell." [GOC:BHF, GOC:ef, GOC:jid, GOC:pr, GOC:sjp, http://molneuro.kaist.ac.kr/psd, PMID:14532281, Wikipedia:Postsynaptic_density] |
|
GO:0014073
|
0 |
response to tropane |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a tropane stimulus. Tropane is a nitrogenous bicyclic organic compound mainly known for a group of alkaloids derived from it (called tropane alkaloids), which include, among others, atropine and cocaine." [CHEBI:35615, GOC:ef] |
|
GO:0014075
|
0 |
response to amine |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amine stimulus. An amine is a compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one, two or three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups." [CHEBI:32952, GOC:ef] |
|
GO:0014706
|
5 |
striated muscle tissue development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a striated muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Striated muscle contain fibers that are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and skeletal muscle are types of striated muscle. Skeletal muscle myoblasts fuse to form myotubes and eventually multinucleated muscle fibers. The fusion of cardiac cells is very rare and can only form binucleate cells." [CL:0000737, GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0014714
|
0 |
myoblast fate commitment in head |
"The process, taking place in the head, whereby the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a myoblast. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0014715
|
0 |
myoblast fate commitment in trunk |
"The process taking place in the trunk whereby the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a myoblast. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0014717
|
0 |
regulation of satellite cell activation involved in skeletal muscle regeneration |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of satellite cell activation. The satellite cell activation is the process that initiates satellite cell division by causing it to move from quiescence to the G1 stage of the cell cycle. The cell swells and there are a number of other small changes. The cells then start to divide. Following cell division the cells will differentiate." [GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0014718
|
0 |
positive regulation of satellite cell activation involved in skeletal muscle regeneration |
"Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activation of satellite cell involved in skeletal muscle regeneration. The activation of satellite cell is the process that initiates satellite cell division by causing it to move from quiescence to the G1 stage of the cell cycle. The cell swells and there are a number of other small changes. The cells then start to divide. Following cell division the cells will differentiate." [GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0014719
|
0 |
skeletal muscle satellite cell activation |
"The change of a skeletal muscle satellite cell from a mitotically quiescent to a mitotically active state following exposure to some activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand. In adult muscle, satellite cells become activated to divide and differentiate in response to muscle damage." [GOC:mtg_muscle, PMID:23303905] |
|
GO:0014734
|
0 |
skeletal muscle hypertrophy |
"The enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of an organ due to an increase in size (not length) of individual muscle fibers without cell division. In the case of skeletal muscle cells this happens due to the additional synthesis of sarcomeric proteins and assembly of myofibrils." [GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0014815
|
0 |
initiation of skeletal muscle satellite cell activation by growth factor signalling, involved in skeletal muscle regeneration |
"Signalling between growth factors and their receptors that results in the activation of satellite cell, where this process is involved in skeletal muscle regeneration. Satellite cells are quiescent cells that are located between the basal lamina and the plasmalemma of the muscle fiber, which are the main contributors to postnatal muscle growth. In adult muscle, satellite cells become activated to divide and differentiate in response to muscle damage." [GOC:ef, GOC:mtg_muscle, PMID:16607119] |
|
GO:0014827
|
0 |
intestine smooth muscle contraction |
"A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the intestine. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The intestine is the section of the alimentary canal from the stomach to the anal canal. It includes the large intestine and small intestine." [GOC:mtg_muscle, MA:0001539, MSH:D007422] |
|
GO:0014830
|
0 |
arteriole smooth muscle contraction |
"A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the arteriole. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The arteriole is the smallest division of the artery located between the muscular arteries and the capillaries." [GOC:mtg_muscle, MA:0000706, MSH:D001160] |
|
GO:0014831
|
0 |
gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction |
"A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the gastro-intestinal system. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The gastro-intestinal system generally refers to the digestive structures stretching from the mouth to anus, but does not include the accessory glandular organs (liver, pancreas and biliary tract)." [GOC:mtg_muscle, MA:0001523, MSH:D041981] |
|
GO:0014834
|
0 |
skeletal muscle satellite cell maintenance involved in skeletal muscle regeneration |
"Any process by which the number of skeletal muscle satellite cells in a skeletal muscle is maintained during muscle regeneration. There are at least three mechanisms by which this is achieved. Skeletal muscle satellite stem cell asymmetric division ensures satellite stem cell numbers are kept constant. Symmetric division of these cells amplifies the number of skeletal muscle satellite stem cells. Some adult skeletal muscle myoblasts (descendants of activated satellite cells) can develop back into quiescent satellite cells, replenishing the overall pool of satellite cells." [GOC:dph, GOC:ef, GOC:mtg_muscle, GOC:tb, PMID:23303905] |
|
GO:0014835
|
0 |
myoblast differentiation involved in skeletal muscle regeneration |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized satellite cell acquires specialized features of a myoblast. This occurs as part of skeletal muscle regeneration. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:ef, GOC:mtg_muscle, PMID:16607119] |
|
GO:0014836
|
0 |
myoblast fate commitment involved in skeletal muscle regeneration |
"The process in which the developmental fate of a satellite cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a myoblast. This occurs as part of skeletal muscle regeneration. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:ef, GOC:mtg_muscle, PMID:16607119] |
|
GO:0014837
|
0 |
myoblast fate determination involved in skeletal muscle regeneration |
"The process in which a satellite cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a myoblast regardless of its environment; upon determination, the cell fate cannot be reversed. This occurs as part of skeletal muscle regeneration. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:ef, GOC:mtg_muscle, PMID:16607119] |
|
GO:0014838
|
0 |
myoblast fate specification involved in skeletal muscle regeneration |
"The process in which a satellite cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a myoblast in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway. Upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed. This occurs as part of skeletal muscle regeneration. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:ef, GOC:mtg_muscle, PMID:16607119] |
|
GO:0014839
|
0 |
myoblast migration involved in skeletal muscle regeneration |
"The process in which a myoblast migrates along an entire fiber to the site of injury. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:ef, GOC:mtg_muscle, PMID:16607119] |
|
GO:0014844
|
0 |
myoblast proliferation involved in skeletal muscle regeneration |
"The multiplication or reproduction of myoblasts, resulting in the expansion of the cell population. This occurs as part of skeletal muscle regeneration. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:ef, GOC:mtg_muscle, PMID:16607119] |
|
GO:0014849
|
0 |
ureter smooth muscle contraction |
"A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the ureter. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The ureter is one of a pair of thick-walled tubes that transports urine from the kidney pelvis to the urinary bladder." [GOC:mtg_muscle, MA:0000378] |
|
GO:0014872
|
0 |
myoblast division |
"The process resulting in the physical partitioning and separation of a myoblast into daughter cells. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:ef, GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0014895
|
0 |
smooth muscle hypertrophy |
"The enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of an organ due to an increase in size of its smooth muscle cells without cell division. Physiological hypertrophy is a normal process during development, and can also occur in mature structures on demand. In the uterus, smooth muscle cells undergo hypertrophy during pregnancy." [GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0014896
|
0 |
muscle hypertrophy |
"The muscle system process that results in enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of a muscle organ due to an increase in the size of its muscle cells. Physiological hypertrophy is a normal process during development (it stops in cardiac muscle after adolescence) and can also be brought on in response to demand. In athletes cardiac and skeletal muscles undergo hypertrophy stimulated by increasing muscle activity on exercise. Smooth muscle cells in the uterus undergo hypertrophy during pregnancy." [GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0014897
|
0 |
striated muscle hypertrophy |
"The enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of an organ due to an increase in size of muscle cells without cell division. In the case of striated muscle, this happens due to the additional synthesis of sarcomeric proteins and assembly of myofibrils." [GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0014898
|
0 |
cardiac muscle hypertrophy in response to stress |
"The physiological enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of the heart muscle due to an increase in size (not length) of individual cardiac muscle fibers, without cell division, as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11, GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0014901
|
0 |
satellite cell activation involved in skeletal muscle regeneration |
"The process that initiates skeletal muscle satellite cell division by causing it to move from quiescence to the G1 stage of the cell cycle. The cell swells and there are a number of other small changes. The cells then start to divide. Following cell division the cells will differentiate. In adult muscle, satellite cells become activated to divide and differentiate in response to muscle damage." [GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0014905
|
0 |
myoblast fusion involved in skeletal muscle regeneration |
"A process in which non-proliferating myoblasts, after migrating to the site of injury, fuse into existing damaged fibers or fuse to myotubes to form new fibers, as part of the process of skeletal muscle regeneration. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0014914
|
0 |
myoblast maturation involved in muscle regeneration |
"A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a myoblast cell to attain its fully functional state involved in muscle regeneration. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0015004
|
0 |
obsolete small blue copper electron carrier |
"OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015030
|
0 |
Cajal body |
"A class of nuclear body, first seen after silver staining by Ramon y Cajal in 1903, enriched in small nuclear ribonucleoproteins, and certain general RNA polymerase II transcription factors; ultrastructurally, they appear as a tangle of coiled, electron-dense threads roughly 0.5 micrometers in diameter; involved in aspects of snRNP biogenesis; the protein coilin serves as a marker for Cajal bodies. Some argue that Cajal bodies are the sites for preassembly of transcriptosomes, unitary particles involved in transcription and processing of RNA." [NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_090901, PMID:10944589, PMID:11031238, PMID:7559785] |
|
GO:0015034
|
0 |
obsolete cytochrome P450 activity |
"OBSOLETE. A cytochrome b-like protein that has a sulfur atom ligated to the iron of the prosthetic group (heme-thiolate); enzymes: typically monooxygenases acting on, typically, lipophilic substrates. The characteristic mode of action of these enzymes is not electron transfer (some P450 enzymes probably do not even involve the reversible Fe(II)/Fe(III) equilibrium), but rather oxygen atom transfer." [ISBN:0198547684, PMID:1655423] |
|
GO:0015074
|
0 |
DNA integration |
"The process in which a segment of DNA is incorporated into another, usually larger, DNA molecule such as a chromosome." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0015076
|
0 |
obsolete heavy metal ion transporter activity |
"OBSOLETE. Enables the directed movement of heavy metal ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Heavy metals are those that can form a coordination bond with a protein, as opposed to an alkali or alkaline-earth metal that can only form an ionic bond; this definition includes the following biologically relevant heavy metals: Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, V, W, Zn." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015077
|
0 |
monovalent inorganic cation transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of a inorganic cations with a valency of one from one side of a membrane to the other. Inorganic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge that do not contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0015101
|
0 |
organic cation transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of organic cations from one side of a membrane to the other. Organic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge that contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0015103
|
0 |
inorganic anion transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of inorganic anions from one side of a membrane to the other. Inorganic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which do not contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015115
|
0 |
silicate transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of silicates from one side of a membrane to the other. Silicates are the salts of silicic acids, and are usually composed of silicon and oxygen (Si[x]O[y]), one or more metals, and possibly hydrogen. Types of silicate include unisilicates, metasilicates and hydrous silicates." [CHEBI:48123, GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015124
|
0 |
allantoate transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of allantoate from one side of the membrane to the other. Allantoate is the end product of purine metabolism in mammals and some fish, formed form allantoin. It is widely distributed in plants as an important source of stored nitrogen." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0015132
|
0 |
prostaglandin transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of prostaglandins from one side of the membrane to the other. A prostaglandin is any of a group of biologically active metabolites which contain a cyclopentane ring due to the formation of a bond between two carbons of a fatty acid. They have a wide range of biological activities." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015133
|
0 |
uronic acid transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of uronic acid from one side of the membrane to the other. Uronic acids are any monocarboxylic acid formally derived by oxidizing to a carboxyl group the terminal hydroxymethylene group of either an aldose with four or more carbon atoms in the molecule, or of any glycoside derived from such an aldose." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015135
|
0 |
glucuronate transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of glucuronate from one side of the membrane to the other. Glucuronate is the uronic acid formally derived from glucose by oxidation of the hydroxymethylene group at C-6 to a carboxyl group." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015139
|
0 |
alpha-ketoglutarate transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of alpha-ketoglutarate from one side of the membrane to the other. Alpha-ketoglutarate (or oxoglutarate) is a compound with important roles in carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism, especially in transamination reactions and as a component of the TCA cycle." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0015148
|
0 |
D-xylose transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of D-xylose from one side of the membrane to the other. D-xylose (the naturally occurring enantiomer is always D-) is a constituent of plant polysaccharides." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0015153
|
0 |
rhamnose transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of rhamnose from one side of the membrane to the other. Rhamnose occurs commonly as a compound of plant glycosides, in polysaccharides of gums and mucilages, and in bacterial polysaccharides. It is also a component of some plant cell wall polysaccharides and frequently acts as the sugar components of flavonoids." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0015155
|
0 |
lactose transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of lactose from one side of the membrane to the other. Lactose is a disaccharide 4-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucose, and constitutes roughly 5% of the milk in almost all mammals." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0015159
|
0 |
polysaccharide transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of polysaccharides from one side of the membrane to the other. A polysaccharide is a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically." [CHEBI:18154, GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0015162
|
0 |
teichoic acid transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of teichoic acid from one side of the membrane to the other. Teichoic acid is any polymer occurring in the cell wall, membrane or capsule of Gram-positive bacteria and containing chains of glycerol phosphate or ribitol phosphate residues." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0015176
|
0 |
obsolete holin |
"OBSOLETE. Primary function of holins appears to be transport of murein hydrolases across the cytoplasmic membrane to the cell wall of bacteria, where these enzymes hydrolyze the cell wall polymer as a prelude to cell lysis. When chromosomally encoded, these enzymes are therefore autolysins. Holins may also facilitate leakage of electrolytes and nutrients from the cell cytoplasm, thereby promoting cell death. Some catalyze export of nucleases." [TC:1.A.38.-.-] |
|
GO:0015198
|
0 |
oligopeptide transporter activity |
"Enables the directed movement of oligopeptides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Oligopeptides are molecules that contain a small number (2 to 20) of amino-acid residues connected by peptide linkages." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0015221
|
0 |
lipopolysaccharide transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of lipopolysaccharides from one side of the membrane to the other. A lipopolysaccharide is any of a group of related, structurally complex components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Lipopolysaccharides consist three covalently linked regions, lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and an O side chain. Lipid A is responsible for the toxicity of the lipopolysaccharide." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0015234
|
0 |
thiamine transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of thiamine from one side of the membrane to the other. Thiamine is vitamin B1, a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0015238
|
0 |
drug transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the directed movement of a drug from one side of a membrane to the other. A drug is any naturally occurring or synthetic substance, other than a nutrient, that, when administered or applied to an organism, affects the structure or functioning of the organism; in particular, any such substance used in the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0015245
|
0 |
fatty acid transporter activity |
"Enables the directed movement of fatty acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Fatty acids are aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0015289
|
0 |
obsolete pore-forming toxin activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the transport of electrolytes and other small molecules across a cell membrane. They are synthesized by one cell and secreted for insertion into the membrane of another cell where they form transmembrane pores. They may exert their toxic effects by allowing the free flow of electrolytes and other small molecules across the membrane, or they may allow entry into the target cell cytoplasm of a toxin protein that ultimately kills the cell." [PMID:10839820] |
|
GO:0015291
|
0 |
secondary active transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy, not direct ATP coupling. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0815340729, PMID:10839820] |
|
GO:0015322
|
0 |
secondary active oligopeptide transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of an oligopeptide or oligopeptides from one side of the membrane to the other, up the solute's concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction." [GOC:mtg_transport] |
|
GO:0015324
|
0 |
peptide-acetyl-CoA secondary active transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of peptide-acetyl-CoA from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:mtg_transport] |
|
GO:0015328
|
0 |
cystine secondary active transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of cystine from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:mtg_transport] |
|
GO:0015333
|
0 |
peptide:proton symporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: peptide(out) + H+(out) = peptide(in) + H+(in). Catalysis of the transfer of a peptide from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by hydrogen ion movement." [GOC:mtg_transport, TC:2.A.17.-.-] |
|
GO:0015334
|
0 |
high-affinity oligopeptide transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of oligopeptide from one side of the membrane to the other. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations. Oligopeptides are molecules that contain a small number (2 to 20) of amino-acid residues connected by peptide linkages." [GOC:mtg_transport] |
|
GO:0015351
|
0 |
bilirubin secondary active transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of bilirubin from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:mtg_transport] |
|
GO:0015352
|
0 |
secondary active sterol transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of sterol from one side of the membrane to the other, up the solute's concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction." [GOC:mtg_transport] |
|
GO:0015381
|
0 |
high-affinity sulfate transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the secondary active high affinity transfer of sulfate from one side of the membrane to the other. Secondary active transport is catalysis of the transfer of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind thesolute even if it is only present at very low concentrations." [GOC:mtg_transport] |
|
GO:0015398
|
0 |
high-affinity secondary active ammonium transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of ammonium from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport. In high-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute even if it is only present at very low concentrations." [GOC:mtg_transport] |
|
GO:0015399
|
0 |
primary active transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a solute from one side of the membrane to the other, up the solute's concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is powered by a primary energy source, directly using ATP. Primary energy sources known to be coupled to transport are chemical, electrical and solar sources." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729, TC:3.-.-.-.-] |
|
GO:0015400
|
0 |
low-affinity secondary active ammonium transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of ammonium from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport. In low-affinity transport the transporter is able to bind the solute only if it is present at very high concentrations." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0015405
|
0 |
P-P-bond-hydrolysis-driven transmembrane transporter activity |
"Primary active transport of a solute across a membrane, driven by the hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond of inorganic pyrophosphate, ATP, or another nucleoside triphosphate. The transport protein may or may not be transiently phosphorylated, but the substrate is not phosphorylated. Primary active transport is catalysis of the transport of a solute across a membrane, up the solute's concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a primary energy source." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729, TC:3.A.-.-.-] |
|
GO:0015451
|
0 |
decarboxylation-driven active transmembrane transporter activity |
"Primary active transport of a solute across a membrane driven by decarboxylation of a cytoplasmic substrate. Primary active transport is catalysis of the transport of a solute across a membrane, up the solute's concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a primary energy source." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729, TC:3.B.-.-.-] |
|
GO:0015452
|
0 |
methyl transfer-driven active transmembrane transporter activity |
"Primary active transport of a solute across a membrane driven by a methyl transfer reaction. Primary active transport is catalysis of the transport of a solute across a membrane, up the solute's concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a primary energy source." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729, TC:3.C.-.-.-] |
|
GO:0015453
|
0 |
oxidoreduction-driven active transmembrane transporter activity |
"Primary active transport of a solute across a membrane, driven by exothermic flow of electrons from a reduced substrate to an oxidized substrate. Primary active transport is catalysis of the transport of a solute across a membrane, up the solute's concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a primary energy source." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729, TC:3.D.-.-.-] |
|
GO:0015454
|
0 |
light-driven active transmembrane transporter activity |
"Primary active transport of a solute across a membrane, driven by light. Primary active transport is catalysis of the transport of a solute across a membrane, up the solute's concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a primary energy source." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729, TC:3.E.-.-.-] |
|
GO:0015469
|
0 |
obsolete channel-forming toxin activity |
"OBSOLETE. A toxin that exerts its effects by forming a channel in a membrane that allows the unregulated passage of substances into and out of the cell." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015480
|
0 |
obsolete secretin (sensu Bacteria) |
"OBSOLETE. Secretins are Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane proteins that form multimeric pores through which macromolecules, usually proteins, can pass. Form homomultimeric ring structures, 10-20 subunits per complex, with large central pores (inner diameters of 5-10 nm)." [TC:1.B.22.-.-] |
|
GO:0015644
|
0 |
obsolete lipoprotein antitoxin |
"OBSOLETE. Binds to a lipoprotein toxin, which is usually derived from a microorganism, thereby neutralizing it." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0015550
|
0 |
galacturonate transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of galacturonate from one side of the membrane to the other. Galacturonate is the uronic acid formally derived from galactose by oxidation of the hydroxymethylene group at C-6 to a carboxyl group." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015554
|
0 |
tartrate transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of tartrate from one side of the membrane to the other. Tartrate is the anion of 2,3-dihydroxybutanedioic acid, one of the aldaric acids. The L(+) enantiomer occurs widely in plants, especially in grape juice, and in fungi and bacteria." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015591
|
0 |
D-ribose transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of D-ribose from one side of the membrane to the other. As beta-D-ribofuranose, D-ribose forms the glycose group of all ribonucleosides, ribonucleotides and ribonucleic acids, and also of ribose phosphates, various glycosides, some coenzymes and some forms of vitamin B12." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0198506732, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0015593
|
0 |
allose transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of allose from one side of the membrane to the other. Allose is an aldohexose similar to glucose, differing only in the configuration of the hydroxyl group of C-3." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0015605
|
0 |
organophosphate ester transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of organophosphate esters from one side of a membrane to the other. Organophosphate esters are small organic molecules containing phosphate ester bonds." [GOC:mcc] |
|
GO:0015615
|
0 |
D-allose-importing ATPase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: ATP + H2O + D-allose(out) -> ADP + phosphate + D-allose(in)." [TC:3.A.1.-.-] |
|
GO:0015634
|
0 |
lipopolysaccharide exporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of lipopolysaccharide from the inside of the cell to the outside of the cell across a membrane. A lipopolysaccharide is any of a group of related, structurally complex components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Lipopolysaccharides consist three covalently linked regions, lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and an O side chain. Lipid A is responsible for the toxicity of the lipopolysaccharide." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0015647
|
0 |
peptidoglycan transporter activity |
"Enables the directed movement of peptidoglycans, a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015651
|
0 |
quaternary ammonium group transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of quaternary ammonium groups from one side of a membrane to the other. Quaternary ammonium groups are any compound that can be regarded as derived from ammonium hydroxide or an ammonium salt by replacement of all four hydrogen atoms of the NH4+ ion by organic groups." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0015672
|
280 |
monovalent inorganic cation transport |
"The directed movement of inorganic cations with a valency of one into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Inorganic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge which do not contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015695
|
13 |
organic cation transport |
"The directed movement of organic cations into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Organic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge which contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015697
|
8 |
quaternary ammonium group transport |
"The directed movement into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore of quaternary ammonium compounds, any compound that can be regarded as derived from ammonium hydroxide or an ammonium salt by replacement of all four hydrogen atoms of the NH4+ ion by organic groups." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0015698
|
97 |
inorganic anion transport |
"The directed movement of inorganic anions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Inorganic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which do not contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:krc] |
|
GO:0015708
|
0 |
silicate transport |
"The directed movement of silicates into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Silicates are the salts of silicic acids, and are usually composed of silicon and oxygen (Si[x]O[y]), one or more metals, and possibly hydrogen. Types of silicate include unisilicates, metasilicates and hydrous silicates." [GOC:ai, GOC:krc, http://www.onelook.com] |
|
GO:0015711
|
114 |
organic anion transport |
"The directed movement of organic anions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Organic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:ai, GOC:krc] |
|
GO:0015719
|
0 |
allantoate transport |
"The directed movement of allantoate into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:krc] |
|
GO:0015720
|
0 |
allantoin transport |
"The directed movement of allantoin, (2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)urea, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015748
|
20 |
organophosphate ester transport |
"The directed movement of organophosphate esters into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Organophosphate esters are small organic molecules containing phosphate ester bonds." [GOC:mcc] |
|
GO:0015752
|
0 |
D-ribose transport |
"The directed movement of D-ribose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. As beta-D-ribofuranose, D-ribose forms the glycose group of all ribonucleosides, ribonucleotides and ribonucleic acids, and also of ribose phosphates, various glycosides, some coenzymes and some forms of vitamin B12." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015753
|
0 |
D-xylose transport |
"The directed movement of D-xylose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. D-xylose (the naturally occurring enantiomer is always D-) is a constituent of plant polysaccharides." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015754
|
0 |
allose transport |
"The directed movement of allose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Allose is an aldohexose similar to glucose, differing only in the configuration of the hydroxyl group of C-3." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015762
|
0 |
rhamnose transport |
"The directed movement of rhamnose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Rhamnose occurs commonly as a compound of plant glycosides, in polysaccharides of gums and mucilages, and in bacterial polysaccharides. It is also a component of some plant cell wall polysaccharides and frequently acts as the sugar components of flavonoids." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015767
|
0 |
lactose transport |
"The directed movement of lactose into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lactose is a disaccharide 4-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucose, and constitutes roughly 5% of the milk in almost all mammals." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015774
|
0 |
polysaccharide transport |
"The directed movement of polysaccharides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A polysaccharide is a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically." [CHEBI:18154, GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015777
|
0 |
teichoic acid transport |
"The directed movement of teichoic acid into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Teichoic acid is any polymer occurring in the cell wall, membrane or capsule of Gram-positive bacteria and containing chains of glycerol phosphate or ribitol phosphate residues." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015835
|
0 |
peptidoglycan transport |
"The directed movement of peptidoglycans, a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015888
|
0 |
thiamine transport |
"The directed movement of thiamine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Thiamine is vitamin B1, a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015908
|
7 |
fatty acid transport |
"The directed movement of fatty acids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Fatty acids are aliphatic monocarboxylic acids liberated from naturally occurring fats and oils by hydrolysis." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015920
|
0 |
lipopolysaccharide transport |
"The directed movement of lipopolysaccharides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A lipopolysaccharide is any of a group of related, structurally complex components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria. Lipopolysaccharides consist three covalently linked regions, lipid A, core oligosaccharide, and an O side chain. Lipid A is responsible for the toxicity of the lipopolysaccharide." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0015935
|
0 |
small ribosomal subunit |
"The smaller of the two subunits of a ribosome." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0015949
|
1 |
nucleobase-containing small molecule interconversion |
"The chemical reactions and pathways by which a nucleobase, nucleoside or nucleotide small molecule is synthesized from another nucleobase, nucleoside or nucleotide small molecule." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0306444747, ISBN:0471394831] |
|
GO:0015977
|
0 |
carbon fixation |
"A metabolic process in which carbon (usually derived from carbon dioxide) is incorporated into organic compounds (usually carbohydrates)." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0015979
|
0 |
photosynthesis |
"The synthesis by organisms of organic chemical compounds, especially carbohydrates, from carbon dioxide (CO2) using energy obtained from light rather than from the oxidation of chemical compounds." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0016009
|
0 |
minor mitochondrial derivative |
"The smaller of the two mitochondrial derivatives that arise by the unfolding of the Nebenkern during flagellum elongation." [GOC:mah, PMID:17123504] |
|
GO:0016012
|
0 |
sarcoglycan complex |
"A protein complex formed of four sarcoglycans plus sarcospan; there are six known sarcoglycans: alpha-, beta-, gamma-, delta-, epsilon- and zeta-sarcoglycan; all are N-glycosylated single-pass transmembrane proteins. The sarcoglycan-sarcospan complex is a subcomplex of the dystrophin glycoprotein complex, and is fixed to the dystrophin axis by a lateral association with the dystroglycan complex." [PMID:15117830, PMID:16710609] |
|
GO:0016020
|
0 |
membrane |
"A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it." [GOC:dos, GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0016047
|
0 |
detection of parasitic fungus |
"The series of events in which a stimulus from a parasitic fungus (a fungus which spends all or part of its life in or on another organism from which it obtains nourishment and/or protection) is received and converted into a molecular signal." [GOC:hb, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0016073
|
18 |
snRNA metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving snRNA, small nuclear RNA, any of various low-molecular-mass RNA molecules found in the eukaryotic nucleus as components of the small nuclear ribonucleoprotein." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0016074
|
9 |
snoRNA metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving snoRNA, small nucleolar RNA, any of a class of small RNAs that are associated with the eukaryotic nucleus as components of small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins. They participate in the processing or modifications of many RNAs, mostly ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs) though snoRNAs are also known to target other classes of RNA, including spliceosomal RNAs, tRNAs, and mRNAs via a stretch of sequence that is complementary to a sequence in the targeted RNA." [GOC:krc] |
|
GO:0016076
|
0 |
snRNA catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of snRNA, small nuclear RNA, low-molecular-mass RNA molecules found in the eukaryotic nucleus as components of the small nuclear ribonucleoprotein." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0016077
|
0 |
snoRNA catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of snoRNA, small nucleolar RNA, any of a class of small RNAs that are associated with the eukaryotic nucleus as components of small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0016078
|
5 |
tRNA catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of tRNA, transfer RNA, a class of relatively small RNA molecules responsible for mediating the insertion of amino acids into the sequence of nascent polypeptide chains during protein synthesis." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0016082
|
5 |
synaptic vesicle priming |
"A process that converts synaptic vesicles to a state of competence for calcium triggered fusion with the active zone membrane by bringing the two membranes into very close proximity. Priming typically (but not always) occurs after docking (Jahn and Fasshauer, 2012). Primed vesicles are also capable of spontaneously fusing with the active zone membrane." [GOC:mah, PMID:15217342] {comment="PMID:23060190"} |
|
GO:0016086
|
0 |
obsolete allatostatin |
"OBSOLETE. Peptide hormones produced by the corpora allata of insects that reversibly inhibit the production of juvenile hormone." [GOC:ai, PMID:10891383] |
|
GO:0016093
|
5 |
polyprenol metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving polyprenols, prenols with more than 4 isoprenoid residues, which may be all-trans, or a mixture of cis and trans." [http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/misc/prenol.html#p2, ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0016094
|
1 |
polyprenol biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polyprenols, prenols with more than 4 isoprenoid residues, which may be all-trans, or a mixture of cis and trans." [GOC:go_curators, http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/misc/prenol.html#p2] |
|
GO:0016095
|
1 |
polyprenol catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polyprenols, prenols with more than 4 isoprenoid residues, which may be all-trans, or a mixture of cis and trans." [GOC:go_curators, http://www.chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/misc/prenol.html#p2] |
|
GO:0016180
|
12 |
snRNA processing |
"Any process involved in the conversion of a primary small nuclear RNA (snRNA) transcript into a mature snRNA molecule." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0016203
|
4 |
muscle attachment |
"The developmental process in which a skeletal muscle attaches to its target (such as bone or body wall)." [GOC:isa_complete, GOC:sart] |
|
GO:0016209
|
0 |
antioxidant activity |
"Inhibition of the reactions brought about by dioxygen (O2) or peroxides. Usually the antioxidant is effective because it can itself be more easily oxidized than the substance protected. The term is often applied to components that can trap free radicals, thereby breaking the chain reaction that normally leads to extensive biological damage." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0016211
|
0 |
ammonia ligase activity |
"Catalysis of the ligation of ammonia (NH3) to another substance via a carbon-nitrogen bond with concomitant breakage of a diphosphate linkage, usually in a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0016226
|
14 |
iron-sulfur cluster assembly |
"The incorporation of iron and exogenous sulfur into a metallo-sulfur cluster." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah, GOC:pde, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0016264
|
1 |
gap junction assembly |
"Assembly of gap junctions, which are found in most animal tissues, and serve as direct connections between the cytoplasms of adjacent cells. They provide open channels through the plasma membrane, allowing ions and small molecules (less than approximately a thousand daltons) to diffuse freely between neighboring cells, but preventing the passage of proteins and nucleic acids." [GOC:jid, ISBN:0716731363] |
|
GO:0016265
|
642 |
obsolete death |
"OBSOLETE. A permanent cessation of all vital functions: the end of life; can be applied to a whole organism or to a part of an organism." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, ISBN:0877797099] |
|
GO:0016266
|
11 |
O-glycan processing |
"The stepwise addition of carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative residues to the initially added O-linked residue (usually GalNAc) to form a core O-glycan structure." [GOC:mah, GOC:pr, PMID:10580130] |
|
GO:0016267
|
11 |
O-glycan processing, core 1 |
"The stepwise addition of carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative residues to the initially added O-linked residue (usually GalNAc) to form the core 1 O-glycan structure, Gal-beta-(1->3)-GalNAc." [GOC:mah, GOC:pr, PMID:10580130] |
|
GO:0016268
|
0 |
O-glycan processing, core 2 |
"The stepwise addition of carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative residues to the initially added O-linked residue (usually GalNAc) to form the core 2 O-glycan structure, GlcNAc-beta-(1->6)[Gal-beta-(1->3)]-GalNAc." [GOC:mah, GOC:pr, PMID:10580130] |
|
GO:0016269
|
0 |
O-glycan processing, core 3 |
"The stepwise addition of carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative residues to the initially added O-linked residue (usually GalNAc) to form the core 3 O-glycan structure, GlcNAc-beta-(1->3)-GalNAc." [GOC:mah, GOC:pr, PMID:10580130] |
|
GO:0016270
|
0 |
O-glycan processing, core 4 |
"The stepwise addition of carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative residues to the initially added O-linked residue (usually GalNAc) to form the core 4 O-glycan structure, GlcNAc-beta-(1->6)[GalNAc-beta-(1->3)]-GalNAc." [GOC:mah, GOC:pr, PMID:10580130] |
|
GO:0016271
|
0 |
obsolete tissue death |
"OBSOLETE. A permanent cessation of all vital functions of a tissue." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_apoptosis] |
|
GO:0016284
|
0 |
obsolete alanine aminopeptidase activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the release of an N-terminal amino acid, preferentially alanine, from an oligopeptide or polypeptide." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0016285
|
0 |
obsolete cytosol alanyl aminopeptidase activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the release of an N-terminal amino acid, preferentially alanine, from a wide range of peptides, amides and arylamides." [EC:3.4.11.14] |
|
GO:0016286
|
0 |
small conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity |
"Enables the transmembrane transfer of potassium by a channel with a unit conductance of 2 to 20 picoSiemens that opens in response to stimulus by internal calcium ions. Small conductance calcium-activated potassium channels are more sensitive to calcium than are large conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. Transport by a channel involves catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a solute (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel, without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:mtg_transport, OMIM:602754] |
|
GO:0016301
|
0 |
kinase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0016310
|
692 |
phosphorylation |
"The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0016319
|
0 |
mushroom body development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mushroom body over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mushroom body is composed of the prominent neuropil structures of the insect central brain, thought to be crucial for olfactory associated learning. These consist mainly of a bulbous calyx and tightly packaged arrays of thin parallel fibers of the Kenyon cells." [PMID:8790424] |
|
GO:0016321
|
0 |
female meiosis chromosome segregation |
"The cell cycle process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets during the meiotic cell cycle in a female." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0016322
|
2 |
neuron remodeling |
"The developmentally regulated remodeling of neuronal projections such as pruning to eliminate the extra dendrites and axons projections set up in early stages of nervous system development." [GOC:hb] |
|
GO:0016348
|
0 |
imaginal disc-derived leg joint morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structures of an imaginal disc-derived leg joint are generated and organized. The leg joint is a flexible region that separates the rigid sections of a leg to allow movement in a controlled manner. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0016442
|
0 |
RISC complex |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains members of the Argonaute family of proteins, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) or microRNAs (miRNAs), and miRNA or siRNA-complementary mRNAs, in addition to a number of accessory factors. The RISC complex is involved in posttranscriptional repression of gene expression through downregulation of translation or induction of mRNA degradation." [PMID:10749213, PMID:15145345] |
|
GO:0016443
|
0 |
bidentate ribonuclease III activity |
"Catalysis of the digestion of double-stranded RNAs into 20 to 30-nucleotide products. These products typically associate to the RNA-induced silencing complex and serve as guide RNAs for posttranslational RNA interference." [PMID:15242644] |
|
GO:0016446
|
0 |
somatic hypermutation of immunoglobulin genes |
"Mutations occurring somatically that result in amino acid changes in the rearranged V regions of immunoglobulins." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:11205330, PMID:11205333, PMID:14975236, PMID:7813007] |
|
GO:0016469
|
0 |
proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex |
"A large protein complex that catalyzes the synthesis or hydrolysis of ATP by a rotational mechanism, coupled to the transport of protons across a membrane. The complex comprises a membrane sector (F0, V0, or A0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (F1, V1, or A1) that catalyzes ATP synthesis or hydrolysis. Two major types have been characterized: V-type ATPases couple ATP hydrolysis to the transport of protons across a concentration gradient, whereas F-type ATPases, also known as ATP synthases, normally run in the reverse direction to utilize energy from a proton concentration or electrochemical gradient to synthesize ATP. A third type, A-type ATPases have been found in archaea, and are closely related to eukaryotic V-type ATPases but are reversible." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716743663, PMID:16691483] |
|
GO:0016530
|
0 |
metallochaperone activity |
"Assists in the delivery of metal ions to target proteins or compartments." [GOC:jl, PMID:11739376] |
|
GO:0016532
|
0 |
superoxide dismutase copper chaperone activity |
"A copper chaperone activity that specifically delivers copper to the Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase, to activate superoxide dismutase activity." [GOC:vw, http://link.springer-ny.com/link/service/journals/00335/papers/0011005/00110409.html, PMID:15064408, PMID:9295278] |
|
GO:0016556
|
2 |
mRNA modification |
"The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an mRNA molecule to produce an mRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0016565
|
0 |
obsolete general transcriptional repressor activity |
"OBSOLETE. Any activity that stops or downregulates transcription of genes globally, and is not specific to a particular gene or gene set." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0016586
|
0 |
RSC complex |
"A protein complex similar to, but more abundant than, the Swi/Snf complex. The RSC complex is generally recruited to RNA polymerase III promoters and is specifically recruited to RNA polymerase II promoters by transcriptional activators and repressors; it is also involved in non-homologous end joining." [GOC:rb, PMID:11937489, PMID:12672490, PMID:15870268, PMID:19355820, PMID:8980231] |
|
GO:0016590
|
0 |
ACF complex |
"An ISWI complex that contains an ATPase subunit of the ISWI family (SNF2H in mammals, Isw2 in S. cerevisiae), an ACF1 homolog, and generally no other subunits, though Xenopus is an exception with a third non-conserved subunit. ACF plays roles in regulation of RNA polymerase II transcription and in DNA replication and repair." [GOC:bf, GOC:krc, PMID:12192034, PMID:15284901, PMID:16568949, PMID:21810179] |
|
GO:0016602
|
0 |
CCAAT-binding factor complex |
"A heteromeric transcription factor complex that binds to the CCAAT-box upstream of promoters; functions as both an activator and a repressor, depending on its interacting cofactors. Typically trimeric consisting of NFYA, NFYB and NFYC subunits. In Saccharomyces, it activates the transcription of genes in response to growth in a nonfermentable carbon source and consists of four known subunits: HAP2, HAP3, HAP4 and HAP5." [GOC:bm, PMID:7828851] |
|
GO:0016604
|
0 |
nuclear body |
"Extra-nucleolar nuclear domains usually visualized by confocal microscopy and fluorescent antibodies to specific proteins." [GOC:ma, PMID:10330182] |
|
GO:0016605
|
0 |
PML body |
"A class of nuclear body; they react against SP100 auto-antibodies (PML, promyelocytic leukemia); cells typically contain 10-30 PML bodies per nucleus; alterations in the localization of PML bodies occurs after viral infection." [GOC:ma, PMID:10944585] |
|
GO:0016606
|
0 |
LYSP100-associated nuclear domain |
"A nuclear body that is enriched in the lymphoid cell-specific protein LYSp100B; LANDs are globular, electron-dense structures and are morphologically distinct from the annular structures characteristic of PML bodies." [PMID:10921892, PMID:8695863] |
|
GO:0016740
|
0 |
transferase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0016832
|
0 |
aldehyde-lyase activity |
"Catalysis of the cleavage of a C-C bond in a molecule containing a hydroxyl group and a carbonyl group to form two smaller molecules, each being an aldehyde or a ketone." [http://www.mercksource.com/] |
|
GO:0016840
|
0 |
carbon-nitrogen lyase activity |
"Catalysis of the release of ammonia or one of its derivatives, with the formation of a double bond or ring. Enzymes with this activity may catalyze the actual elimination of the ammonia, amine or amide, e.g. CH-CH(-NH-R) = C=CH- + NH2-R. Others, however, catalyze elimination of another component, e.g. water, which is followed by spontaneous reactions that lead to breakage of the C-N bond, e.g. L-serine ammonia-lyase (EC:4.3.1.17), so that the overall reaction is C(-OH)-CH(-NH2) = CH2-CO- + NH3, i.e. an elimination with rearrangement. The sub-subclasses of EC:4.3 are the ammonia-lyases (EC:4.3.1), lyases acting on amides, amidines, etc. (EC:4.3.2), the amine-lyases (EC:4.3.3), and other carbon-nitrogen lyases (EC:4.3.99)." [EC:4.3.-.-] |
|
GO:0016876
|
0 |
ligase activity, forming aminoacyl-tRNA and related compounds |
"Catalysis of the joining of an amino acid and a nucleic acid (usually tRNA) or poly(ribitol phosphate), with the concomitant hydrolysis of the diphosphate bond in ATP or a similar triphosphate. The reaction forms an aminoacyl-tRNA or a related compound." [EC:6.1.1, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0016925
|
10 |
protein sumoylation |
"The process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is conjugated to a target protein via an isopeptide bond between the carboxyl terminus of SUMO with an epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue of the target protein." [GOC:jl, PMID:11265250] |
|
GO:0016926
|
3 |
protein desumoylation |
"The process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is cleaved from its target protein." [GOC:jl, PMID:11265250] |
|
GO:0016929
|
0 |
SUMO-specific protease activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of SUMO, a small ubiquitin-related modifier, from previously sumoylated substrates." [GOC:rn, PMID:10094048, PMID:11031248, PMID:11265250] |
|
GO:0016987
|
0 |
sigma factor activity |
"A sigma factor is the promoter specificity subunit of eubacterial-type multisubunit RNA polymerases, those whose core subunit composition is often described as alpha(2)-beta-beta-prime. (This type of multisubunit RNA polymerase complex is known to be found in eubacteria and plant plastids). Although sigma does not bind DNA on its own, when combined with the core to form the holoenzyme, this binds specifically to promoter sequences, with the sigma factor making sequence specific contacts with the promoter elements. The sigma subunit is released from the elongating form of the polymerase and is thus free to act catalytically for multiple RNA polymerase core enzymes." [GOC:krc, GOC:txnOH] |
|
GO:0016998
|
7 |
cell wall macromolecule catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0017009
|
0 |
protein-phycocyanobilin linkage |
"The linkage of the chromophore phycocyanobilin to phycocyanin or allophycocyanin." [RESID:AA0131] |
|
GO:0017012
|
0 |
protein-phytochromobilin linkage |
"The linkage of the chromophore phytochromobilin to phycocyanin or allophycocyanin." [RESID:AA0133] |
|
GO:0017038
|
68 |
protein import |
"The targeting and directed movement of proteins into a cell or organelle. Not all import involves an initial targeting event." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0017058
|
0 |
FH1 domain binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a FH1 domain of a protein, a proline-rich domain, usually located in front of a FH2 domain." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0017069
|
0 |
snRNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a small nuclear RNA (snRNA)." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0017070
|
0 |
U6 snRNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the U6 small nuclear RNA (U6 snRNA)." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0017088
|
0 |
obsolete X-Pro dipeptidyl-peptidase activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the terminal bond of Xaa-Pro-Xaa motifs to release unblocked, N-terminal dipeptides from substrates including Ala-Pro-para-nitroanilide and (sequentially, at the second, fourth and sixth bonds) of the motif Tyr-Pro-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro-Ile." [EC:3.4.14.11] |
|
GO:0017089
|
0 |
glycolipid transporter activity |
"Enables the directed movement of glycolipids, compounds containing (usually) 1-4 linked monosaccharide residues joined by a glycosyl linkage to a lipid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0017090
|
0 |
meprin A complex |
"A protein complex that is located in the cell membrane, and is involved in the metabolism of peptides, including neuropeptides. The complex has metalloendopeptidase activity that catalyzes the hydrolysis of protein and peptide substrates, preferentially on carboxyl side of hydrophobic residues." [EC:3.4.24.18, GOC:mah, MEROPS_fam:M12] |
|
GO:0017101
|
0 |
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase multienzyme complex |
"A multienzyme complex found in all multicellular eukaryotes composed of eight proteins with aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase activities (abbreviated as: ArgRS, AspRS, GluProRS, GlnRS, IleRS, LeuRS, LysRS, MetRS where RS is the enzyme, preceded by the amino acid it uses as a substrate) as well as three non-synthetase proteins (p43, p38, and p18) with diverse functions. Several of these subunits are known dimers, so the total polypeptide count in the multisynthetase complex is at least fifteen. All of the enzymes in this assembly catalyze the same reaction, the covalent attachment of an amino acid to either the 2'- or 3'-hydroxyl of the 3'-terminal adenosine of tRNA, but using different substrates." [GOC:jl, PMID:16169847] |
|
GO:0017114
|
0 |
obsolete wide-spectrum protease inhibitor activity |
"OBSOLETE. Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a protease by a wide-spectrum protease inhibitor. A wide-spectrum protease inhibitor is a protein having a peptide stretch which contains specific cleavage sites for different proteinases enabling inhibition of all four classes of proteinases by formation of a covalent bond between the inhibitor and the protease." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0017119
|
0 |
Golgi transport complex |
"A complex of proteins that, in vitro, stimulates intra-Golgi transport; a 13S complex, about 800 kDa in size and consists of at least five polypeptides. In yeast, this complex is called the Sec34/35 complex and is composed of eight subunits (Sec34p, Sec35p, Dor1p, Cod1p, Cod2p, Cod3p, Cod4p, and Cod5p)." [GOC:krc, PMID:9792665] |
|
GO:0017122
|
0 |
protein N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase complex |
"Heterotrimeric enzyme complex, which in humans is composed of two large subunits of the same size, and one smaller subunit. Functions in the addition of nucleotide-activated sugars onto the polypeptide." [PMID:15247246] |
|
GO:0017124
|
0 |
SH3 domain binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a SH3 domain (Src homology 3) of a protein, small protein modules containing approximately 50 amino acid residues found in a great variety of intracellular or membrane-associated proteins." [GOC:go_curators, Pfam:PF00018] |
|
GO:0017126
|
0 |
nucleologenesis |
"A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a nucleolus, a small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0017171
|
0 |
serine hydrolase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a substrate by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [Wikipedia:Serine_hydrolase] |
|
GO:0018057
|
0 |
peptidyl-lysine oxidation |
"The oxidation of the terminal amino-methylene groups of peptidyl-L-lysine or peptidyl-5-hydroxy-L-lysine to aldehyde groups to form allysine or hydroxyallysine residues, respectively; these are intermediates in the formation of covalent cross-links between adjacent polypeptide chains in proteins such as collagens." [ISBN:0198547684, RESID:AA0121] |
|
GO:0018166
|
0 |
C-terminal protein-tyrosinylation |
"The ATP-dependent addition of a tyrosine residue to the C-terminus of a protein; typically the addition of tyrosine to the C-terminus of detyrosinated alpha-tubulin by the enzyme tubulin-tyrosine ligase." [RESID:AA0257] |
|
GO:0018189
|
0 |
pyrroloquinoline quinone biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the cofactor pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ); it is synthesized from a small peptide containing tyrosine and glutamic acid; these amino acids in the peptide are multiply cross-linked and the rest of the peptide is removed." [PMID:7665488, RESID:AA0283] |
|
GO:0018226
|
0 |
peptidyl-S-farnesyl-L-cysteine biosynthetic process from peptidyl-cysteine |
"The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-farnesyl-L-cysteine; formation of S-farnesycysteine may be coupled with subsequent cleavage of a carboxy-terminal tripeptide for the CXXX motif and methyl esterification of the farnesylated cysteine; the residue may be found at the first position in the sequence motif C-X-X-(SAQCMT)* where the second and third positions are usually aliphatic." [RESID:AA0102] |
|
GO:0018231
|
1 |
peptidyl-S-diacylglycerol-L-cysteine biosynthetic process from peptidyl-cysteine |
"The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-diacylglycerol-L-cysteine; the oleate and palmitate actually represent mixtures of saturated (generally at 3') and unsaturated (generally at 2') fatty acids." [RESID:AA0107] |
|
GO:0018250
|
0 |
peptidyl-dehydroalanine biosynthetic process from peptidyl-tyrosine or peptidyl-serine |
"The formation of peptidyl-dehydroalanine from either peptidyl-tyrosine by phenyl transfer, or from peptidyl-serine, which is coupled with the formation of 5-imidazolinone by the two neighboring residues, produces an 4-methylidene-imidazole-5-one active site of some amino acid ammonia-lyases; the 4-methylidene-imidazole-5-one, is formed autocatalytically by cyclization and dehydration of the sequence ASG." [RESID:AA0181] |
|
GO:0018279
|
5 |
protein N-linked glycosylation via asparagine |
"The glycosylation of protein via the N4 atom of peptidyl-asparagine forming N4-glycosyl-L-asparagine; the most common form is N-acetylglucosaminyl asparagine; N-acetylgalactosaminyl asparagine and N4 glucosyl asparagine also occur. This modification typically occurs in extracellular peptides with an N-X-(ST) motif. Partial modification has been observed to occur with cysteine, rather than serine or threonine, in the third position; secondary structure features are important, and proline in the second or fourth positions inhibits modification." [GOC:jsg, RESID:AA0151, RESID:AA0420, RESID:AA0421] |
|
GO:0018282
|
0 |
metal incorporation into metallo-sulfur cluster |
"The formation of a cluster of several metal atoms, including iron, nickel, molybdenum, vanadium, or copper, with one or more bridging (mu-bond) sulfur atoms; amino acids residues in proteins that may ligate the metal sulfur cluster are cysteine, histidine, aspartate, glutamate, serine and cysteine persulfide." [GOC:jsg] |
|
GO:0018283
|
0 |
iron incorporation into metallo-sulfur cluster |
"The incorporation of iron into a metallo-sulfur cluster." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0018289
|
0 |
molybdenum incorporation into metallo-sulfur cluster |
"The incorporation of molybdenum into a metallo-sulfur cluster." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0018353
|
0 |
protein-phycocyanobilin linkage via S-phycocyanobilin-L-cysteine |
"The linkage of the chromophore phycocyanobilin to phycocyanin or allophycocyanin via S-phycocyanobilin-L-cysteine." [RESID:AA0131] |
|
GO:0018358
|
0 |
protein-phytochromobilin linkage via S-phytochromobilin-L-cysteine |
"The linkage of the chromophore phytochromobilin to phycocyanin or allophycocyanin via S-phytochromobilin-L-cysteine." [RESID:AA0133] |
|
GO:0018414
|
0 |
nickel incorporation into metallo-sulfur cluster |
"The incorporation of nickel into a metallo-sulfur cluster." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0018427
|
0 |
copper incorporation into metallo-sulfur cluster |
"The incorporation of copper into a metallo-sulfur cluster." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0018706
|
0 |
pyrogallol hydroxytransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2,3,5-tetrahydroxybenzene + 1,2,3-trihydroxybenzene = 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene + 1,2,3,5-tetrahydroxybenzene." [EC:1.97.1.2] |
|
GO:0018798
|
0 |
gallate decarboxylase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: gallate + H(+) = CO(2) + pyrogallol." [EC:4.1.1.59, RHEA:12752] |
|
GO:0018866
|
0 |
adamantanone metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving adamantanone, tricyclo(3.3.1.13,7)decanone, a white crystalline solid used as an intermediate for microelectronics in the production of photoresists." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0018893
|
0 |
dibenzofuran metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving dibenzofuran, a substance composed of two benzene rings linked by one ether bond and one carbon-carbon bond. Dibenzofuran is a white crystalline solid created from the production of coal tar and used as an insecticide and an intermediate in the production of other chemicals." [GOC:ai, UM-BBD_pathwayID:dbf] |
|
GO:0018907
|
0 |
dimethyl sulfoxide metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO (C2H6OS), an alkyl sulfoxide that is practically odorless in its purified form. As a highly polar organic liquid, it is a powerful solvent. Its biological activities include the ability to penetrate plant and animal tissues and to preserve living cells during freezing." [CHEBI:28262, GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0018912
|
0 |
1,4-dichlorobenzene metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving 1,4-dichlorobenzene (p-dichlorobenzene or paramoth), a derivative of benzene with two chlorine atoms attached at opposite positions on the ring. It forms white crystals at room temperature and is used as an insecticidal fumigant, particularly in mothballs." [http://www.speclab.com/compound/c106467.htm] |
|
GO:0018914
|
0 |
chlorobenzene metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving chlorobenzene, a derivative of benzene with a chlorine atoms attached to the ring. It is a colorless liquid that is manufactured for use as a solvent. It quickly evaporates in the air and is degraded by hydroxyl radicals that are produced photochemically. The gas acts as a source of ClOx, which helps in the breakdown of stratospheric ozone." [http://www.shsu.edu/] |
|
GO:0018918
|
0 |
gallate metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving gallate, the anion of gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid). The esters and polyesters are widely distributed in angiosperms." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0018931
|
0 |
naphthalene metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving naphthalene, a fused ring bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbon commonly found in crude oil and oil products. Naphthalene is familiar as the compound that gives mothballs their odor; it is used in the manufacture of plastics, dyes, solvents, and other chemicals, as well as being used as an antiseptic and insecticide." [http://www.iversonsoftware.com/reference/chemistry/n/Naphthalene.htm] |
|
GO:0018938
|
0 |
2-nitropropane metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-nitropropane, a clear, colorless liquid with a mild, fruity odor. 2-nitropropane is used principally as a solvent and chemical intermediate. As a solvent, it is used in inks, paints, adhesives, varnishes, polymers, and synthetic materials. It is a feedstock for the manufacture of 2-nitro-2-methyl-1-propanol and 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol." [UM-BBD_pathwayID:npp] |
|
GO:0018942
|
0 |
organometal metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving organometals, any metal-containing organic compound, especially one in which the metal atom is linked directly to one of more carbon atoms." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0018944
|
0 |
tri-n-butyltin metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving tri-n-butyltin, an organometallic compound composed of three butyl chains attached to a tin atom. Tri-n-butyltin is used as an antifouling agent in ship bottom paints and can be toxic to many marine organisms." [GOC:ai, UM-BBD_pathwayID:tbt] |
|
GO:0018963
|
0 |
phthalate metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving phthalate, the anion of phthalic acid. Phthalic acid diesters are used industrially in the production of a variety of household and consumer goods including plastic polymers, lubricating oils, and carriers for perfumes in cosmetics, while phthalic acid itself is used industrially as a plasticizer. Terephthalate is used in the synthesis of polyethylene terephthalate (polyethene terephthlate, abbreviated PET or PETE), a plastic polymer with many commercial uses." [UM-BBD_pathwayID:pth] |
|
GO:0018972
|
0 |
toluene-4-sulfonate metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving toluene-4-sulfonate, the anion of 4-toluene sulfonic acid, a white crystalline solid which is highly hygroscopic and soluble in water." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0018974
|
0 |
2,4,6-trinitrotoluene metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 1-methyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, a highly explosive pale yellow crystalline solid. It is prepared from toluene treated with concentrated sulfuric and nitric acids and is used in shells, bombs, and blasting explosives." [ISBN:0333781767] |
|
GO:0018975
|
0 |
anaerobic 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 1-methyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, a highly explosive pale yellow crystalline solid, that occur in the absence of oxygen." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0018982
|
0 |
vanillin metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving vanillin, an aromatic hydrocarbon which occurs naturally in black vanilla bean pods and can be obtained as a by-product of the pulp and paper industry by the oxidative breakdown of lignin." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0018988
|
0 |
obsolete molting cycle, protein-based cuticle |
"OBSOLETE. The periodic shedding of part or all of a protein-based cuticle, which is then replaced by a new protein-based cuticle. A cuticle is the outer layer of an animal which acts to prevent water loss." [GOC:ems, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0018995
|
0 |
host |
"Any organism in which another organism, especially a parasite or symbiont, spends part or all of its life cycle and from which it obtains nourishment and/or protection." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0018996
|
309 |
molting cycle, collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle |
"The periodic shedding of part or all of a collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle, which is then replaced by a new collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle. An example of this is found in the Nematode worm, Caenorhabditis elegans." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0019017
|
0 |
segmented viral genome |
"A viral genome that is divided into two or more physically separate molecules of nucleic acid and packaged into a single virion." [ISBN:0121585336] |
|
GO:0019033
|
0 |
viral tegument |
"A structure lying between the capsid and envelope of a virus, varying in thickness and often distributed asymmetrically." [ISBN:0721662544] |
|
GO:0019044
|
0 |
maintenance of viral latency |
"The perpetuation of a latent state, generally by repressing the viruses own lytic genes expression and ensuring expression of viral genes which function to keep the viral genome from being detected by the host defense mechanisms." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0019055
|
0 |
modification by virus of host cell cycle regulation |
"Interactions, directly with the host cell macromolecular machinery, to allow a virus to modulate the rate of the host cell cycle to facilitate virus replication." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0781718325] |
|
GO:0019058
|
1 |
viral life cycle |
"A set of processes which all viruses follow to ensure survival; includes attachment and entry of the virus particle, decoding of genome information, translation of viral mRNA by host ribosomes, genome replication, and assembly and release of viral particles containing the genome." [ISBN:1555811272] |
|
GO:0019068
|
0 |
virion assembly |
"A late phase of the viral life cycle during which all the components necessary for the formation of a mature virion collect at a particular site in the cell and the basic structure of the virus particle is formed." [ISBN:0121585336] |
|
GO:0019075
|
0 |
virus maturation |
"The refolding and structural rearrangements of virion parts to transition from the intermediate virion to the more mature virion. Maturation usually involves proteolysis events and changes in the folding of the virion proteins. Can occur inside the host cell or after release." [ISBN:0781718325, UniProtKB-KW:KW-0917, VZ:1946] |
|
GO:0019097
|
0 |
pole plasm mitochondrial srRNA localization |
"Any process in which mitochondrial small ribosomal RNA is transported to, or maintained in, the oocyte pole plasm. An example of this is found in Drosophila melanogaster." [ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0019139
|
0 |
cytokinin dehydrogenase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: N6-dimethylallyladenine + acceptor + H2O = adenine + 3-methylbut-2-enal + reduced electron acceptor." [EC:1.5.99.12] |
|
GO:0019194
|
0 |
sorbose transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of sorbose from one side of the membrane to the other. Sorbose is the ketohexose xylo-2-hexulose; L-sorbose is formed by bacterial oxidation of sorbitol. Sorbose is produced commercially by fermentation and is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of ascorbic acid." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0019200
|
0 |
carbohydrate kinase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a carbohydrate substrate molecule." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0019202
|
0 |
amino acid kinase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to an amino acid substrate." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0019205
|
0 |
nucleobase-containing compound kinase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP or GTP, to a nucleobase, nucleoside, nucleotide or polynucleotide substrate." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0019207
|
0 |
kinase regulator activity |
"Modulates the activity of a kinase, an enzyme which catalyzes of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0019209
|
0 |
kinase activator activity |
"Binds to and increases the activity of a kinase, an enzyme which catalyzes of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0019210
|
0 |
kinase inhibitor activity |
"Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a kinase, an enzyme which catalyzes of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0019215
|
0 |
intermediate filament binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an intermediate filament, a distinct elongated structure, characteristically 10 nm in diameter, that occurs in the cytoplasm of higher eukaryotic cells. Intermediate filaments form a fibrous system, composed of chemically heterogeneous subunits and involved in mechanically integrating the various components of the cytoplasmic space." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0019233
|
0 |
sensory perception of pain |
"The series of events required for an organism to receive a painful stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Pain is medically defined as the physical sensation of discomfort or distress caused by injury or illness, so can hence be described as a harmful stimulus which signals current (or impending) tissue damage. Pain may come from extremes of temperature, mechanical damage, electricity or from noxious chemical substances. This is a neurological process." [http://www.onelook.com/] |
|
GO:0019263
|
0 |
adamantanone catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of adamantanone, tricyclo(3.3.1.13,7)decanone, a white crystalline solid used as an intermediate for microelectronics in the production of photoresists." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0019290
|
0 |
siderophore biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances made by aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria, especially when growing under iron deficient conditions. The complexes of Fe(3+)-siderophores have very high stability constants and are taken up by specific transport systems by microorganisms; the subsequent release of iron requires enzymatic action." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0019299
|
0 |
rhamnose metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving rhamnose, the hexose 6-deoxy-L-mannose. Rhamnose occurs commonly as a compound of plant glycosides, in polysaccharides of gums and mucilages, and in bacterial polysaccharides. It is also a component of some plant cell wall polysaccharides and frequently acts as the sugar components of flavonoids." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0019311
|
0 |
sorbose metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving sorbose, the ketohexose xylo-2-hexulose. Sorbose is produced commercially by fermentation and is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of ascorbic acid." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0019313
|
0 |
allose metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving allose, allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose, differing only in the configuration of the hydroxyl group of C-3." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0019314
|
0 |
D-allose metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-allose, the D-enantiomer of allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose." [CHEBI:17393, GOC:ai, GOC:jsg, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0019315
|
0 |
D-allose biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-allose, the D-enantiomer of allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose." [CHEBI:17393, GOC:ai, GOC:jsg, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0019316
|
0 |
D-allose catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-allose, the D-enantiomer of allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose." [CHEBI:17393, GOC:ai, GOC:jsg, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0019328
|
0 |
anaerobic gallate catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid, in the absence of oxygen." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0019349
|
0 |
ribitol metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving ribitol, a pentitol derived formally by reduction of the -CHO group of either D- or L-ribose. It occurs free in some plants and is a component of riboflavin." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0019350
|
0 |
teichoic acid biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of teichoic acid, any polymer occurring in the cell wall, membrane or capsule of Gram-positive bacteria and containing chains of glycerol phosphate or ribitol phosphate residues." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0019369
|
0 |
arachidonic acid metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving arachidonic acid, a straight chain fatty acid with 20 carbon atoms and four double bonds per molecule. Arachidonic acid is the all-Z-(5,8,11,14)-isomer." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0019370
|
1 |
leukotriene biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of leukotriene, a pharmacologically active substance derived from a polyunsaturated fatty acid, such as arachidonic acid." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0019377
|
4 |
glycolipid catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycolipid, a class of 1,2-di-O-acylglycerols joined at oxygen 3 by a glycosidic linkage to a carbohydrate part (usually a mono-, di- or tri-saccharide)." [CHEBI:33563, GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0019396
|
0 |
gallate catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid)." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0019397
|
0 |
gallate catabolic process via 2-pyrone-4,6-dicarboxylate |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid, via the intermediate 2-pyrone-4,6-dicarboxylate." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0019398
|
0 |
gallate catabolic process via gallate dioxygenase activity |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid, where the first step is the conversion of gallate to (1E)-4-oxobut-1-ene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate catalyzed by gallate dioxygenase." [GOC:bf, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0019422
|
0 |
disproportionation of elemental sulfur |
"The process in which sulfur compounds with an intermediate oxidation state serve as both electron donors and electron acceptors in an energy-generating redox process. The reaction takes place anaerobically, in light and in the absence of CO2." [MetaCyc:P203-PWY] |
|
GO:0019428
|
0 |
allantoin biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of allantoin, (2,5-dioxo-4-imidazolidinyl)urea." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0019447
|
0 |
D-cysteine catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-cysteine, (S)-2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid, which occurs naturally in firefly luciferin." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0019471
|
3 |
4-hydroxyproline metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving 4-hydroxyproline, C5H9NO3, a derivative of the amino acid proline. The presence of hydroxyproline is essential to produce stable triple helical tropocollagen, hence the problems caused by ascorbate deficiency in scurvy. This unusual amino acid is also present in considerable amounts in the major glycoprotein of primary plant cell walls." [CHEBI:20392, GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0019488
|
0 |
ribitol catabolic process to xylulose 5-phosphate |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ribitol to form xylulose 5-phosphate. Ribitol is initially converted to D-ribulose, which is phosphorylated to form ribulose 5-phosphate, which is then converted into xylulose 5-phosphate." [MetaCyc:RIBITOLUTIL-PWY] |
|
GO:0019489
|
0 |
methylgallate metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving methylgallate, trihydroxymethylbenzoate, the anion of methylgallic acid." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0019534
|
0 |
toxin transporter activity |
"Enables the directed movement of a toxin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. A toxin is a poisonous compound (typically a protein) that is produced by cells or organisms and that can cause disease when introduced into the body or tissues of an organism." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0019585
|
70 |
glucuronate metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucuronate, any salt or ester of glucuronic acid, the uronic acid formally derived from glucose by oxidation of the hydroxymethylene group at C-6 to a carboxyl group." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0019586
|
0 |
galacturonate metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving galacturonate, the anion of galacturonic acid, the uronic acid formally derived from galactose by oxidation of the hydroxymethylene group at C-6 to a carboxyl group." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0019607
|
0 |
phenylethylamine catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phenylethylamine, an amine with pharmacological properties similar to those of amphetamine, occurs naturally as a neurotransmitter in the brain, and is present in chocolate and oil of bitter almonds." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172] |
|
GO:0019634
|
0 |
organic phosphonate metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphonates, any organic compounds containing one or more C-PO(OH)2 or C-PO(OR)2 (with R=alkyl, aryl) groups. Metabolism of phosphonic acid itself, an inorganic compound without the biochemically relevant C-P bond, is not included." [GOC:js, ISBN:0721662544] |
|
GO:0019643
|
0 |
reductive tricarboxylic acid cycle |
"A pathway leading to the fixation of two molecules of CO2 and the production of one molecule of acetyl-CoA; essentially the oxidative TCA cycle running in reverse. Acetyl-CoA is reductively carboxylated to pyruvate, from which all other central metabolites can be formed. Most of the enzymes of reductive and oxidative TCA cycle are shared, with the exception of three key enzymes that allow the cycle to run in reverse: ATP citrate lyase, 2-oxoglutarate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, and fumarate reductase. 2-oxoglutarate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase catalyzes the carboxylation of succinyl-CoA to 2-oxoglutarate, ATP citrate lyase the ATP-dependent cleavage of citrate to acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate, and fumarate reductase the reduction of fumarate forming succinate." [GOC:jl, PMID:15838028] |
|
GO:0019647
|
0 |
formaldehyde assimilation via ribulose monophosphate cycle |
"The pathway in which formaldehyde is used as a carbon source in the ribulose monophosphate cycle. Methanotrophic bacteria produce formaldehyde from the oxidation of methane and methanol, and then assimilate it via the ribulose monophosphate cycle to form intermediates of the central metabolic routes that are subsequently used for biosynthesis of cell material. Three molecules of formaldehyde are assimilated, forming a three-carbon intermediate of central metabolism; in this pathway, all cellular carbon is assimilated at the oxidation level of formaldehyde." [MetaCyc:PWY-1861] |
|
GO:0019648
|
0 |
formaldehyde assimilation via xylulose monophosphate cycle |
"The pathway in which formaldehyde is used as a carbon source in the xylulose monophosphate cycle. Methylotrophic yeasts, but not bacteria, utilize the xylulose monophosphate cycle to fix formaldehyde and convert it into metabolically useful organic compounds." [MetaCyc:P185-PWY] |
|
GO:0019700
|
0 |
organic phosphonate catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of phosphonates, any organic compound containing one or more C-PO(OH)2 or C-PO(OR)2 (with R=alkyl, aryl) groups. Catabolism of phosphonic acid itself, an inorganic compound without the biochemically relevant C-P bond, is not included." [GOC:js] |
|
GO:0019701
|
0 |
peptidyl-arginine N5-methylation |
"The methylation of peptidyl-arginine on the internal nitrogen-5 (N5) atom (also called delta-nitrogen) to form peptidyl-N5-methyl-L-arginine." [GOC:bf, PMID:9792625, RESID:AA0305] |
|
GO:0019708
|
0 |
peptidyl-glycine cholesteryl ester biosynthesis from peptidyl-glycine |
"The synthesis of peptidyl-glycine cholest-5-en-3-beta-ol ester at the carboxy-terminus of autolytically cleaved proteins." [RESID:AA0309] |
|
GO:0019728
|
0 |
peptidyl-allysine oxidation to 2-aminoadipic acid |
"The oxidation of allysine to 2-aminoadipic acid." [RESID:AA0122] |
|
GO:0019740
|
6 |
nitrogen utilization |
"A series of processes that forms an integrated mechanism by which a cell or an organism detects the depletion of primary nitrogen source, usually ammonia, and then activates genes to scavenge the last traces of the primary nitrogen source and to transport and metabolize alternative nitrogen sources. The utilization process begins when the cell or organism detects nitrogen levels, includes the activation of genes whose products detect, transport or metabolize nitrogen-containing substances, and ends when nitrogen is incorporated into the cell or organism's metabolism." [GOC:mah, GOC:mlg] |
|
GO:0019748
|
16 |
secondary metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in many of the chemical changes of compounds that are not necessarily required for growth and maintenance of cells, and are often unique to a taxon. In multicellular organisms secondary metabolism is generally carried out in specific cell types, and may be useful for the organism as a whole. In unicellular organisms, secondary metabolism is often used for the production of antibiotics or for the utilization and acquisition of unusual nutrients." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0019778
|
0 |
Atg12 activating enzyme activity |
"Catalysis of the activation of the small ubiquitin-related modifier APG12, through the formation of an ATP-dependent high-energy thiolester bond." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0019779
|
0 |
Atg8 activating enzyme activity |
"Catalysis of the activation of the small ubiquitin-related modifier APG8, through the formation of an ATP-dependent high-energy thiolester bond." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0019780
|
0 |
FAT10 activating enzyme activity |
"Catalysis of the activation of the small ubiquitin-related modifier FAT10, through the formation of an ATP-dependent high-energy thiolester bond." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0019782
|
0 |
ISG15 activating enzyme activity |
"Catalysis of the activation of the small ubiquitin-related modifier ISG15, through the formation of an ATP-dependent high-energy thiolester bond." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0019783
|
0 |
ubiquitin-like protein-specific protease activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide or isopeptide bonds within small proteins such as ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins (e.g. APG8, ISG15, NEDD8, SUMO), or between the small protein and a larger protein to which it has been conjugated." [GOC:ma, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0019784
|
0 |
NEDD8-specific protease activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of NEDD8, a small ubiquitin-related modifier, from previously neddylated substrates." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0019785
|
0 |
ISG15-specific protease activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ISG15, a small ubiquitin-related modifier, from previously modified substrates." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0019786
|
0 |
Atg8-specific protease activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of APG8, a small ubiquitin-related modifier." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0019795
|
0 |
obsolete nonprotein amino acid biosynthetic process |
"OBSOLETE. The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any amino acid that does not normally occur as a constituent residue of proteins." [GOC:ma] |
|
GO:0019812
|
0 |
Type I site-specific deoxyribonuclease complex |
"A multisubunit complex composed of two copies of a restriction (R) subunit, two copies of a methylation (M) subunit, and one copy of a specificity (S) subunit. This complex recognizes specific short DNA sequences (through the S subunit), and binds to them. If the recognition site is hemimethylated, the complex acts as a methyltransferase which modifies the recognition site, using S-adenosylmethionine as the methyl donor. Only the M and S subunits are required for this reaction. If the complex binds to an unmethylated recognition site, then the complex translocates the DNA bidirectionally in an ATP-dependent manner. When the translocation is stalled by impact with another complex or unusual DNA structure, the enzyme functions as an endonuclease and cleavage of the DNA will occur, hundreds or thousands of base pairs away from the recognition site. These DNA restriction systems are used by bacteria to defend against phage and other foreign DNA that may enter a cell." [PMID:12654995, PMID:15788748] |
|
GO:0019842
|
0 |
vitamin binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a vitamin, one of a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0019866
|
0 |
organelle inner membrane |
"The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of an organelle envelope; usually highly selective to most ions and metabolites." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0019876
|
0 |
nylon catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of nylon, a polymer where the main polymer chain comprises recurring amide groups; these compounds are generally formed from combinations of diamines, diacids and amino acids." [UniProtKB-KW:KW-0549] |
|
GO:0019877
|
0 |
diaminopimelate biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of diaminopimelate, both as an intermediate in lysine biosynthesis and as a component (as meso-diaminopimelate) of the peptidoglycan of Gram-negative bacterial cell walls." [GOC:ma, ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0019885
|
0 |
antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I |
"The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of endogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class I protein complex. The peptide antigen is typically, but not always, processed from a whole protein. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:15771591] |
|
GO:0019886
|
0 |
antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class II |
"The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class II protein complex. The peptide antigen is typically, but not always, processed from a whole protein." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:15771591] |
|
GO:0019894
|
0 |
kinesin binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently and stoichiometrically with kinesin, a member of a superfamily of microtubule-based motor proteins that perform force-generating tasks such as organelle transport and chromosome segregation." [GOC:curators, PMID:8606779] |
|
GO:0019901
|
0 |
protein kinase binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0019932
|
29 |
second-messenger-mediated signaling |
"Any intracellular signal transduction in which the signal is passed on within the cell via a second messenger; a small molecule or ion that can be quickly generated or released from intracellular stores, and can diffuse within the cell. Second-messenger signaling includes production or release of the second messenger, and effectors downstream of the second messenger that further transmit the signal within the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:0815316194, PMID:15221855, Wikipedia:Second_messenger_system] |
|
GO:0019939
|
0 |
peptidyl-S-palmitoleyl-L-cysteine biosynthetic process from peptidyl-cysteine |
"The modification of peptidyl-cysteine to form peptidyl-S-palmitoleyl-L-cysteine specifically." [RESID:AA0308] |
|
GO:0019948
|
0 |
SUMO activating enzyme activity |
"Catalysis of the activation of the proteolytically processed small ubiquitin-related modifier SUMO, through the formation of an ATP-dependent high-energy thiolester bond." [GOC:rn, PMID:10187858, PMID:11265250] |
|
GO:0019953
|
692 |
sexual reproduction |
"A reproduction process that creates a new organism by combining the genetic material of two organisms. It occurs both in eukaryotes and prokaryotes: in multicellular eukaryotic organisms, an individual is created anew; in prokaryotes, the initial cell has additional or transformed genetic material. In a process called genetic recombination, genetic material (DNA) originating from two different individuals (parents) join up so that homologous sequences are aligned with each other, and this is followed by exchange of genetic information. After the new recombinant chromosome is formed, it is passed on to progeny." [GOC:jl, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sexual_reproduction, ISBN:0387520546] |
|
GO:0019956
|
0 |
chemokine binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a chemokine. Chemokines are a family of small chemotactic cytokines; their name is derived from their ability to induce directed chemotaxis in nearby responsive cells. All chemokines possess a number of conserved cysteine residues involved in intramolecular disulfide bond formation. Some chemokines are considered pro-inflammatory and can be induced during an immune response to recruit cells of the immune system to a site of infection, while others are considered homeostatic and are involved in controlling the migration of cells during normal processes of tissue maintenance or development. Chemokines are found in all vertebrates, some viruses and some bacteria." [GOC:ai, GOC:BHF, GOC:rl, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemokine, PMID:12183377] |
|
GO:0019961
|
0 |
interferon binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an interferon, a protein produced by the immune systems of many animals in response to a challenge by a foreign agent." [PMID:9607096, Wikipedia:Interferon] |
|
GO:0019985
|
10 |
translesion synthesis |
"The replication of damaged DNA by synthesis across a lesion in the template strand; a specialized DNA polymerase or replication complex inserts a defined nucleotide across from the lesion which allows DNA synthesis to continue beyond the lesion. This process can be mutagenic depending on the damaged nucleotide and the inserted nucleotide." [GOC:elh, PMID:10535901] |
|
GO:0020009
|
0 |
microneme |
"A small, elongated secretory organelle that forms part of the apical complex, located along the main axis of an apicomplexan parasite cell within the extreme apical region and at the periphery under the inner membrane complex. Of the specialized secretory compartments identified in apicomplexans, micronemes discharge their contents first, during initial contact of the parasite's apical pole with the host cell surface. Micronemal proteins function during parasite attachment and penetration into the target cell." [ISBN:0521664470, PMID:11801218] |
|
GO:0020016
|
0 |
ciliary pocket |
"Invagination of the plasma membrane from which a cilium (also called flagellum) protrudes." [GOC:cilia, GOC:mb] |
|
GO:0020018
|
0 |
ciliary pocket membrane |
"That part of the plasma membrane found in the ciliary pocket (also called flagellar pocket)." [GOC:cilia, GOC:mb] |
|
GO:0020028
|
0 |
hemoglobin import |
"The directed movement into a tissue, cell or organelle of externally available hemoglobin." [GOC:mb] |
|
GO:0020038
|
0 |
subpellicular network |
"A mechanically stable cytoskeletal structure associated with the cytoplasmic face of the pellicle and surrounding the microtubule-based cytoskeleton." [PMID:11420112] |
|
GO:0021526
|
0 |
medial motor column neuron differentiation |
"The process in which differentiating motor neurons in the neural tube acquire the specialized structural and/or functional features of medial motor column neurons. Medial motor column neurons are generated at all rostrocaudal levels and send axons to the axial muscles (medial group) and to the body wall muscles (lateral group). Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:11262869] |
|
GO:0030356
|
0 |
obsolete small cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein |
"OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0021538
|
0 |
epithalamus development |
"The progression of the epithalamus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The epithalamus is the small dorsomedial area of the thalamus including the habenular nuclei and associated fiber bundles, the pineal body, and the epithelial roof of the third ventricle." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021540
|
0 |
corpus callosum morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structures of the corpus callosum are generated and organized. The corpus callosum is a thick bundle of nerve fibers comprising a commissural plate connecting the two cerebral hemispheres. It consists of contralateral axon projections that provides communications between the right and left cerebral hemispheres." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021543
|
0 |
pallium development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pallium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pallium is the roof region of the telencephalon." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] |
|
GO:0021544
|
0 |
subpallium development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the subpallium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The subpallium is the base region of the telencephalon." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] |
|
GO:0021551
|
0 |
central nervous system morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structure of the central nervous system is generated and organized. The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the brain and spinal cord. In those invertebrates with a central nervous system it typically consists of a brain, cerebral ganglia and a nerve cord." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0582227089] |
|
GO:0021556
|
0 |
central nervous system formation |
"The process that gives rise to the central nervous system. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the brain, spinal cord and spinal nerves. In those invertebrates with a central nervous system it typically consists of a brain, cerebral ganglia and a nerve cord." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0582227089] |
|
GO:0021557
|
0 |
oculomotor nerve development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the oculomotor nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. This motor nerve innervates all extraocular muscles except the superior oblique and the lateral rectus muscles. The superior division supplies the levator palpebrae superioris and superior rectus muscles. The inferior division supplies the medial rectus, inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles. This nerve also innervates the striated muscles of the eyelid. Pupillary constriction and lens movement are mediated by this nerve for near vision. In the orbit the inferior division sends branches that enter the ciliary ganglion where they form functional contacts (synapses) with the ganglion cells. The ganglion cells send nerve fibers into the back of the eye where they travel to ultimately innervate the ciliary muscle and the constrictor pupillae muscle." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021558
|
0 |
trochlear nerve development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the trochlear nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The trochlear nerve is a motor nerve and is the only cranial nerve to exit the brain dorsally. The trochlear nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021566
|
0 |
hypoglossal nerve development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the hypoglossal nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. This motor nerve innervates all the intrinsic and all but one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021597
|
0 |
central nervous system structural organization |
"The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the central nervous system structure. The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the brain, spinal cord and spinal nerves. In those invertebrates with a central nervous system it typically consists of a brain, cerebral ganglia and a nerve cord." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0582227089] |
|
GO:0021618
|
0 |
hypoglossal nerve morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structure of the hypoglossal nerve is generated and organized. This motor nerve innervates all the intrinsic and all but one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021619
|
0 |
hypoglossal nerve maturation |
"A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the hypoglossal nerve to attain its fully functional state. This motor nerve innervates all the intrinsic and all but one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021620
|
0 |
hypoglossal nerve formation |
"The process that gives rise to the hypoglossal nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. This motor nerve innervates all the intrinsic and all but one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021621
|
0 |
hypoglossal nerve structural organization |
"The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the hypoglossal nerve. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. This motor nerve innervates all the intrinsic and all but one of the extrinsic muscles of the tongue." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021622
|
0 |
oculomotor nerve morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structure of the oculomotor nerve is generated and organized. This motor nerve innervates all extraocular muscles except the superior oblique and the lateral rectus muscles. The superior division supplies the levator palpebrae superioris and superior rectus muscles. The inferior division supplies the medial rectus, inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles. This nerve also innervates the striated muscles of the eyelid. Pupillary constriction and lens movement are mediated by this nerve for near vision. In the orbit the inferior division sends branches that enter the ciliary ganglion where they form functional contacts (synapses) with the ganglion cells. The ganglion cells send nerve fibers into the back of the eye where they travel to ultimately innervate the ciliary muscle and the constrictor pupillae muscle." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021623
|
0 |
oculomotor nerve formation |
"The process that gives rise to the oculomotor nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. This motor nerve innervates all extraocular muscles except the superior oblique and the lateral rectus muscles. The superior division supplies the levator palpebrae superioris and superior rectus muscles. The inferior division supplies the medial rectus, inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles. This nerve also innervates the striated muscles of the eyelid. Pupillary constriction and lens movement are mediated by this nerve for near vision. In the orbit the inferior division sends branches that enter the ciliary ganglion where they form functional contacts (synapses) with the ganglion cells. The ganglion cells send nerve fibers into the back of the eye where they travel to ultimately innervate the ciliary muscle and the constrictor pupillae muscle." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021624
|
0 |
oculomotor nerve structural organization |
"The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the oculomotor nerve. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. This motor nerve innervates all extraocular muscles except the superior oblique and the lateral rectus muscles. The superior division supplies the levator palpebrae superioris and superior rectus muscles. The inferior division supplies the medial rectus, inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles. This nerve also innervates the striated muscles of the eyelid. Pupillary constriction and lens movement are mediated by this nerve for near vision. In the orbit the inferior division sends branches that enter the ciliary ganglion where they form functional contacts (synapses) with the ganglion cells. The ganglion cells send nerve fibers into the back of the eye where they travel to ultimately innervate the ciliary muscle and the constrictor pupillae muscle." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021625
|
0 |
oculomotor nerve maturation |
"A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the oculomotor nerve to attain its fully functional state. This motor nerve innervates all extraocular muscles except the superior oblique and the lateral rectus muscles. The superior division supplies the levator palpebrae superioris and superior rectus muscles. The inferior division supplies the medial rectus, inferior rectus and inferior oblique muscles. This nerve also innervates the striated muscles of the eyelid. Pupillary constriction and lens movement are mediated by this nerve for near vision. In the orbit the inferior division sends branches that enter the ciliary ganglion where they form functional contacts (synapses) with the ganglion cells. The ganglion cells send nerve fibers into the back of the eye where they travel to ultimately innervate the ciliary muscle and the constrictor pupillae muscle." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021626
|
0 |
central nervous system maturation |
"A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the central nervous system to attain its fully functional state. The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the brain and spinal cord. In those invertebrates with a central nervous system it typically consists of a brain, cerebral ganglia and a nerve cord." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0582227089] |
|
GO:0021639
|
0 |
trochlear nerve morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structure of the trochlear nerve is generated and organized. The trochlear nerve is a motor nerve and is the only cranial nerve to exit the brain dorsally. The trochlear nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021640
|
0 |
trochlear nerve maturation |
"A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the trochlear nerve to attain its fully functional state. The trochlear nerve is a motor nerve and is the only cranial nerve to exit the brain dorsally. The trochlear nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021641
|
0 |
trochlear nerve structural organization |
"The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the trochlear nerve. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. The trochlear nerve is a motor nerve and is the only cranial nerve to exit the brain dorsally. The trochlear nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021642
|
0 |
trochlear nerve formation |
"The process that gives rise to the trochlear nerve. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The trochlear nerve is a motor nerve and is the only cranial nerve to exit the brain dorsally. The trochlear nerve innervates the superior oblique muscle." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021678
|
0 |
third ventricle development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the third ventricle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The third ventricle is the narrow cleft inferior to the corpus callosum, within the diencephalon, between the paired thalami. Its floor is formed by the hypothalamus, its anterior wall by the lamina terminalis, and its roof by ependyma, and it communicates with the fourth ventricle by the cerebral aqueduct, and with the lateral ventricles by the interventricular foramina." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0683400078] |
|
GO:0021679
|
0 |
cerebellar molecular layer development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cerebellar molecular layer nerve over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The molecular layer is the outermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the parallel fibers of the granule cells, interneurons such as stellate and basket cells, and the dendrites of the underlying Purkinje cells." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021680
|
0 |
cerebellar Purkinje cell layer development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cerebellar Purkinje cell layer over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The Purkinje cell layer lies just underneath the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the neuronal cell bodies of the Purkinje cells that are arranged side by side in a single layer. Candelabrum interneurons are vertically oriented between the Purkinje cells. Purkinje neurons are inhibitory and provide the output of the cerebellar cortex through axons that project into the white matter. Extensive dendritic trees from the Purkinje cells extend upward in a single plane into the molecular layer where they synapse with parallel fibers of granule cells." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021681
|
0 |
cerebellar granular layer development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cerebellar granule layer over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The granular layer is the innermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. This layer contains densely packed small neurons, mostly granule cells. Some Golgi cells are found at the outer border. Granule neurons send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites. Mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons at cerebellar glomeruli in the granule cell layer." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021683
|
0 |
cerebellar granular layer morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structure of the cerebellar granular layer is generated and organized. The granular layer is the innermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. This layer contains densely packed small neurons, mostly granule cells. Some Golgi cells are found at the outer border. Granule neurons send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites. Mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons at cerebellar glomeruli in the granule cell layer." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021684
|
0 |
cerebellar granular layer formation |
"The process that gives rise to the cerebellar granule layer. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The granular layer is the innermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. This layer contains densely packed small neurons, mostly granule cells. Some Golgi cells are found at the outer border. Granule neurons send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites. Mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons at cerebellar glomeruli in the granule cell layer." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021685
|
0 |
cerebellar granular layer structural organization |
"The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the cerebellar granule layer. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. The granular layer is the innermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. This layer contains densely packed small neurons, mostly granule cells. Some Golgi cells are found at the outer border. Granule neurons send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites. Mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons at cerebellar glomeruli in the granule cell layer." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021686
|
0 |
cerebellar granular layer maturation |
"A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the cerebellar granular layer to attain its fully functional state. The granular layer is the innermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. This layer contains densely packed small neurons, mostly granule cells. Some Golgi cells are found at the outer border. Granule neurons send parallel fibers to the upper molecular layer, where they synapse with Purkinje cell dendrites. Mossy fibers from the pontine nuclei in the white matter synapse with granule cell axons, Golgi cell axons and unipolar brush interneuron axons at cerebellar glomeruli in the granule cell layer." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021687
|
0 |
cerebellar molecular layer morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structure of the cerebellar molecular layer is generated and organized. The molecular layer is the outermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the parallel fibers of the granule cells, interneurons such as stellate and basket cells, and the dendrites of the underlying Purkinje cells." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021688
|
0 |
cerebellar molecular layer formation |
"The process that gives rise to the cerebellar molecular layer. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The molecular layer is the outermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the parallel fibers of the granule cells, interneurons such as stellate and basket cells, and the dendrites of the underlying Purkinje cells." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021689
|
0 |
cerebellar molecular layer structural organization |
"The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the cerebellar molecular layer. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. The molecular layer is the outermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the parallel fibers of the granule cells, interneurons such as stellate and basket cells, and the dendrites of the underlying Purkinje cells." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021690
|
0 |
cerebellar molecular layer maturation |
"A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the cerebellar molecular layer to attain its fully functional state. The molecular layer is the outermost layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the parallel fibers of the granule cells, interneurons such as stellate and basket cells, and the dendrites of the underlying Purkinje cells." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021691
|
0 |
cerebellar Purkinje cell layer maturation |
"A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the cerebellar Purkinje cell layer to attain its fully functional state. The Purkinje cell layer lies just underneath the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the neuronal cell bodies of the Purkinje cells that are arranged side by side in a single layer. Candelabrum interneurons are vertically oriented between the Purkinje cells. Purkinje neurons are inhibitory and provide the output of the cerebellar cortex through axons that project into the white matter. Extensive dendritic trees from the Purkinje cells extend upward in a single plane into the molecular layer where they synapse with parallel fibers of granule cells." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021692
|
0 |
cerebellar Purkinje cell layer morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structure of the cerebellar Purkinje cell layer is generated and organized. The Purkinje cell layer lies just underneath the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the neuronal cell bodies of the Purkinje cells that are arranged side by side in a single layer. Candelabrum interneurons are vertically oriented between the Purkinje cells. Purkinje neurons are inhibitory and provide the output of the cerebellar cortex through axons that project into the white matter. Extensive dendritic trees from the Purkinje cells extend upward in a single plane into the molecular layer where they synapse with parallel fibers of granule cells." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021693
|
0 |
cerebellar Purkinje cell layer structural organization |
"The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the cerebellar Purkinje cell layer. This process pertains to the physical shaping of a rudimentary structure. The Purkinje cell layer lies just underneath the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the neuronal cell bodies of the Purkinje cells that are arranged side by side in a single layer. Candelabrum interneurons are vertically oriented between the Purkinje cells. Purkinje neurons are inhibitory and provide the output of the cerebellar cortex through axons that project into the white matter. Extensive dendritic trees from the Purkinje cells extend upward in a single plane into the molecular layer where they synapse with parallel fibers of granule cells." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021694
|
0 |
cerebellar Purkinje cell layer formation |
"The process that gives rise to the cerebellar Purkinje cell layer. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The Purkinje cell layer lies just underneath the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. It contains the neuronal cell bodies of the Purkinje cells that are arranged side by side in a single layer. Candelabrum interneurons are vertically oriented between the Purkinje cells. Purkinje neurons are inhibitory and provide the output of the cerebellar cortex through axons that project into the white matter. Extensive dendritic trees from the Purkinje cells extend upward in a single plane into the molecular layer where they synapse with parallel fibers of granule cells." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021718
|
0 |
superior olivary nucleus development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the superior olivary nucleus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In mice, the superior olivary nucleus is a small cylindrical mass on the dorsal surface of the lateral part of the trapezoid body of the pons, and it is situated immediately above the inferior olivary nucleus. It receives projections from the cochlear nucleus and thus is involved in the perception of sound." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021719
|
0 |
superior olivary nucleus morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structure of the superior olivary nucleus is generated and organized. In mice, the superior olivary nucleus is a small cylindrical mass on the dorsal surface of the lateral part of the trapezoid body of the pons, and it is situated immediately above the inferior olivary nucleus. It receives projections from the cochlear nucleus and thus is involved in the perception of sound." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021720
|
0 |
superior olivary nucleus formation |
"The process that gives rise to the superior olivary nucleus. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. In mice, the superior olivary nucleus is a small cylindrical mass on the dorsal surface of the lateral part of the trapezoid body of the pons, and it is situated immediately above the inferior olivary nucleus. It receives projections from the cochlear nucleus and thus is involved in the perception of sound." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021721
|
0 |
superior olivary nucleus structural organization |
"The process that contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the superior olivary nucleus structure. In mice, the superior olivary nucleus is a small cylindrical mass on the dorsal surface of the lateral part of the trapezoid body of the pons, and it is situated immediately above the inferior olivary nucleus. It receives projections from the cochlear nucleus and thus is involved in the perception of sound." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021722
|
0 |
superior olivary nucleus maturation |
"A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for the superior olivary nucleus to attain its fully functional state. The superior olivary nucleus is a small cylindrical mass on the dorsal surface of the lateral part of the trapezoid body of the pons, and it is situated immediately above the inferior olivary nucleus. It receives projections from the cochlear nucleus and thus is involved in the perception of sound." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343] |
|
GO:0021759
|
0 |
globus pallidus development |
"The progression of the globus pallidus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The globus pallidus is one of the basal ganglia involved with control of voluntary movement in the brain." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0878937420] |
|
GO:0021762
|
0 |
substantia nigra development |
"The progression of the substantia nigra over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The substantia nigra is the layer of gray substance that separates the posterior parts of the cerebral peduncles (tegmentum mesencephali) from the anterior parts; it normally includes a posterior compact part with many pigmented cells (pars compacta) and an anterior reticular part whose cells contain little pigment (pars reticularis)." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0838580343, ISBN:0878937420] |
|
GO:0021765
|
0 |
cingulate gyrus development |
"The progression of the cingulate gyrus over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The cingulate gyrus is a ridge in the cerebral cortex located dorsal to the corpus callosum." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0878937420] |
|
GO:0021784
|
0 |
postganglionic parasympathetic fiber development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the postganglionic portion of the parasympathetic fiber over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The parasympathetic fiber is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system. Parasympathetic nerves emerge cranially as pre ganglionic fibers from oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus and from the sacral region of the spinal cord. Most neurons are cholinergic and responses are mediated by muscarinic receptors. The parasympathetic system innervates, for example: salivary glands, thoracic and abdominal viscera, bladder and genitalia." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06] |
|
GO:0021799
|
0 |
cerebral cortex radially oriented cell migration |
"The migration of cells in the developing cerebral cortex in which cells move from the ventricular and/or subventricular zone toward the surface of the brain." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] |
|
GO:0021800
|
0 |
cerebral cortex tangential migration |
"The migration of cells in the cerebral cortex in which cells move orthogonally to the direction of radial migration and do not use radial glial cell processes as substrates for migration." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] |
|
GO:0021824
|
0 |
cerebral cortex tangential migration using cell-axon interactions |
"The movement of cerebral cortex neuronal precursors tangentially through the cortex using interaction of the migrating cells with axons of other neurons." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] |
|
GO:0021825
|
0 |
substrate-dependent cerebral cortex tangential migration |
"The process where neuronal precursors migrate tangentially in the cerebral cortex, primarily guided through physical cell-cell interactions." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06] |
|
GO:0021826
|
0 |
substrate-independent telencephalic tangential migration |
"The process where neuronal precursors migrate tangentially in the telencephalon, primarily guided by interactions that do not require cell-cell contact." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] |
|
GO:0021829
|
0 |
oligodendrocyte cell migration from the subpallium to the cortex |
"The directed movement of oligodendrocytes from the subpallium to the cerebral cortex during forebrain development." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] |
|
GO:0021830
|
0 |
interneuron migration from the subpallium to the cortex |
"The directed movement of interneurons from the subpallium to the cortex during forebrain development." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] |
|
GO:0021838
|
0 |
motogenic signaling involved in interneuron migration from the subpallium to the cortex |
"The creation and reception of signals that result in the directional movement of interneuron precursors from the subpallium to the cortex." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] |
|
GO:0021839
|
0 |
interneuron-substratum interaction involved in interneuron migration from the subpallium to the cortex |
"The process in which migrating interneurons interact with an external substratum as a component of migration from the subpallium to the cortex." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] |
|
GO:0021840
|
0 |
directional guidance of interneurons involved in migration from the subpallium to the cortex |
"The creation and reception of signals that control the direction of migration of interneurons as a component of the process of migration from the subpallium to the cortex." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] |
|
GO:0021841
|
0 |
chemoattraction involved in interneuron migration from the subpallium to the cortex |
"The creation and reception of signals that result in the movement of interneurons toward the signal, where this process is involved in migration from the subpallium to the cortex." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] |
|
GO:0021842
|
0 |
chemorepulsion involved in interneuron migration from the subpallium to the cortex |
"The creation and reception of signals that result in the movement of interneurons away from the signal during migration from the subpallium to the cortex." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] |
|
GO:0021843
|
0 |
substrate-independent telencephalic tangential interneuron migration |
"The directional movement of tangentially migrating interneurons that are not guided by attaching to extracellular substrates." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] |
|
GO:0021847
|
0 |
ventricular zone neuroblast division |
"The proliferation of neuroblasts in the ventricular zone of the cerebral cortex. The neuronal progenitors of these cells will migrate radially." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] |
|
GO:0021848
|
0 |
neuroblast division in subpallium |
"The division of neuroblasts in the subpallium area of the forebrain. The interneuron precursors that these cells give rise to include GABAergic interneurons and will migrate tangentially." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] |
|
GO:0021849
|
0 |
neuroblast division in subventricular zone |
"The division of neuroblasts in the subventricular zone of the forebrain. The interneuron precursors that these cells give rise to include adult olfactory bulb interneurons and migrate tangentially." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] |
|
GO:0021850
|
0 |
subpallium glioblast cell division |
"The division of glioblasts in the subpallium. These cells will give rise to oligodendrocytes." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] |
|
GO:0021851
|
0 |
neuroblast division in dorsal lateral ganglionic eminence |
"The division of neuroblasts in the dorsal region of the lateral ganglionic eminence. These cells give rise to embryonic interneuron precursors that will migrate tangentially to the olfactory bulb." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] |
|
GO:0021853
|
0 |
cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron migration |
"The migration of GABAergic interneuron precursors from the subpallium to the cerebral cortex." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:12626695] |
|
GO:0021856
|
0 |
hypothalamic tangential migration using cell-axon interactions |
"The movement of a hypothalamic neuronal precursor tangentially through the forebrain using an interaction of the migrating cells with axons of other neurons." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06] |
|
GO:0021932
|
0 |
hindbrain radial glia guided cell migration |
"The radially directed movement of a cell along radial glial cells in the hindbrain. Radial migration refers to a directed movement from the internal ventricular area to the outer surface of the hindbrain." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:15157725] |
|
GO:0021960
|
0 |
anterior commissure morphogenesis |
"Generation of a long process of a CNS neuron, that carries efferent (outgoing) action potentials from the cell body in one half of the cerebral cortex towards target cells in the contralateral half. This axonal process is a member of those that make up the anterior commissure, a small midline fiber tract that lies at the anterior end of the corpus callosum." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0878937420] |
|
GO:0021980
|
0 |
subpallium cell migration |
"The orderly movement of cells from one site to another in the subpallium." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06] |
|
GO:0021981
|
0 |
subpallium radially oriented migration |
"The migration of cells in the developing subpallium in which cells move from the ventricular and/or subventricular zone toward the surface of the brain." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06] |
|
GO:0021992
|
0 |
cell proliferation involved in neural plate elongation |
"The process of expansion of cell numbers in the neural plate due to cell division of progenitor cells preferentially in the rostrocaudal direction, resulting in the elongation of the tissue." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, PMID:15806586] |
|
GO:0022010
|
0 |
central nervous system myelination |
"The process in which neuronal axons and dendrites become coated with a segmented lipid-rich sheath (myelin) to enable faster and more energetically efficient conduction of electrical impulses. The sheath is formed by the cell membranes of oligodendrocytes in the central nervous system. Adjacent myelin segments are separated by a non-myelinated stretch of axon called a node of Ranvier." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06] |
|
GO:0022011
|
0 |
myelination in peripheral nervous system |
"The process in which neuronal axons and dendrites become coated with a segmented lipid-rich sheath (myelin) to enable faster and more energetically efficient conduction of electrical impulses. The sheath is formed by the cell membranes of Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system. Adjacent myelin segments are separated by a non-myelinated stretch of axon called a node of Ranvier." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06] |
|
GO:0022012
|
0 |
subpallium cell proliferation in forebrain |
"The multiplication or reproduction of subpallium cells in the forebrain, resulting in the expansion of a cell population." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06] |
|
GO:0022013
|
0 |
pallium cell proliferation in forebrain |
"The multiplication or reproduction of pallium cells in the forebrain, resulting in the expansion of the cell population." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06] |
|
GO:0022014
|
0 |
radial glial cell division in subpallium |
"The division of a radial glial cell in the subpallium. A radial glial cell is a precursor cell that gives rise to neurons and astrocytes." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06] |
|
GO:0022015
|
0 |
radial glial cell division in pallium |
"The division of a radial glial cell in the pallium. A radial glial cell is a precursor cell that gives rise to neurons and astrocytes." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06] |
|
GO:0022016
|
0 |
pallium glioblast division |
"The division of a glioblast in the pallium. A glioblast is a dividing precursor cell that gives rise to glial cells." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06] |
|
GO:0022017
|
0 |
neuroblast division in pallium |
"The division of neuroblasts in the pallium. Neuroblasts are precursor cells that give rise to neurons." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06] |
|
GO:0022028
|
0 |
tangential migration from the subventricular zone to the olfactory bulb |
"The migration of cells in the telencephalon from the subventricular zone to the olfactory bulb in which cells move orthogonally to the direction of radial migration and do not use radial glial cell processes as substrates for migration." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06] |
|
GO:0022038
|
0 |
corpus callosum development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the corpus callosum over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The corpus callosum is a thick bundle of nerve fibers comprising a commissural plate connecting the two cerebral hemispheres. It consists of contralateral axon projections that provide communication between the right and left cerebral hemispheres." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:curators, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06] |
|
GO:0022416
|
0 |
chaeta development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a chaeta over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A chaeta is a sensory multicellular cuticular outgrowth of a specifically differentiated cell." [FBbt:00005177, GOC:bf, GOC:cjm, GOC:dos, GOC:isa_complete] |
|
GO:0022611
|
60 |
dormancy process |
"A developmental process in which dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is induced, maintained or broken. Dormancy is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated." [GOC:isa_complete, GOC:PO_curators, PO_REF:00009] |
|
GO:0022627
|
0 |
cytosolic small ribosomal subunit |
"The small subunit of a ribosome located in the cytosol." [GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0022629
|
0 |
chloroplast small ribosomal subunit |
"The small subunit of a ribosome contained within a chloroplast." [GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0022804
|
0 |
active transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a specific substance or related group of substances from one side of a membrane to the other, up the solute's concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0022833
|
0 |
mechanically gated channel activity |
"Enables the transmembrane transfer of a solute by a channel that opens in response to a mechanical stress." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0022853
|
0 |
active ion transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of an ion from one side of a membrane to the other up the solute's concentration gradient. This is carried out by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0022854
|
0 |
obsolete active large uncharged polar molecule transmembrane transporter activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the transfer of a large uncharged polar molecule from one side of the membrane to the other, up the solute's concentration gradient, by binding the solute and undergoing a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0022890
|
0 |
inorganic cation transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of inorganic cations from one side of a membrane to the other. Inorganic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge that do not contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0022892
|
0 |
substrate-specific transporter activity |
"Enables the directed movement of a specific substance or group of related substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:mtg_transport] |
|
GO:0022897
|
0 |
proton-dependent peptide secondary active transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a peptide from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by proton movement." [GOC:mtg_transport] |
|
GO:0030006
|
0 |
obsolete heavy cellular metal ion homeostasis |
"OBSOLETE. Regulation of the levels, transport, and metabolism of ions of a heavy metal, a metal that can form a coordination bond with a protein, as opposed to an alkali or alkaline-earth metal that can only form an ionic bond; this definition includes the following biologically relevant heavy metals: Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Mo, Ni, V, W, Zn." [GOC:kd, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0030034
|
0 |
microvillar actin bundle assembly |
"Assembly of the parallel bundle of actin filaments at the core of a microvillus." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0030038
|
0 |
contractile actin filament bundle assembly |
"Assembly of actin filament bundles in which the filaments are loosely packed (approximately 30-60 nm apart) and arranged with opposing polarities; the loose packing allows myosin (usually myosin-II) to enter the bundle." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0030043
|
0 |
actin filament fragmentation |
"The severing of actin filaments into numerous short fragments, usually mediated by actin severing proteins." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0030046
|
0 |
parallel actin filament bundle assembly |
"Assembly of actin filament bundles in which the filaments are tightly packed (approximately 10-20 nm apart) and oriented with the same polarity." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0030063
|
0 |
obsolete murein sacculus |
"OBSOLETE. A structure formed of the cross-linked polymer peptidoglycan (also called murein) that forms a covalently closed net around a bacterial cell, and imparts structural stability to the bacterial cell wall." [GOC:mah, PMID:9529891] |
|
GO:0030064
|
0 |
obsolete cell wall inner membrane |
"OBSOLETE. The peptidoglycan layer of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria." [ISBN:0135712254] |
|
GO:0030076
|
0 |
light-harvesting complex |
"A protein-pigment complex that may be closely or peripherally associated to photosynthetic reaction centers that participate in harvesting and transferring radiant energy to the reaction center." [GOC:lr] |
|
GO:0030077
|
0 |
plasma membrane light-harvesting complex |
"A plasma membrane protein-pigment complex that may be closely or peripherally associated to photosynthetic reaction centers that participate in harvesting and transferring radiant energy to the reaction center. Examples of this complex are found in bacterial species." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0030079
|
0 |
light-harvesting complex, peripheral complex |
"Bacteriochlorophyll a binding complex that is peripherally associated to the bacterial reaction center." [GOC:lr] |
|
GO:0030081
|
0 |
B800-820 antenna complex |
"Protein-pigment complex that absorbs light at 800 and 820 nm; is peripherally associated to the bacterial reaction center; transfers excitation energy to the B875 antenna complex." [GOC:kd, GOC:lr] |
|
GO:0030082
|
0 |
B800-850 antenna complex |
"Protein-pigment complex that absorbs light at 800 and 850 nm; is peripherally associated to the bacterial reaction center; transfers excitation energy to the B875 antenna complex." [GOC:kd, GOC:lr] |
|
GO:0030083
|
0 |
PSI associated light-harvesting complex I, LHCIa subcomplex |
"A pigment protein complex that forms part of the photosystem I associated light-harvesting complex I; contains two proteins (usually about 24 and 21.5 kDa); has a fluorescence maximum between 680 and 690 nm." [PMID:8825475] |
|
GO:0030084
|
0 |
PSI associated light-harvesting complex I, LHCIb subcomplex |
"A pigment protein complex that forms part of the photosystem I associated light-harvesting complex I; contains two proteins (usually about 20 kDa); has a fluorescence maximum of 730 nm." [PMID:8825475] |
|
GO:0030085
|
0 |
PSII associated light-harvesting complex II, peripheral complex, LHCIIb subcomplex |
"A pigment protein complex that forms part of the photosystem II associated light-harvesting complex II; contains two proteins (usually about 28 and 27 kDa), and may contain a third; peripherally located relative to other LHC polypeptides." [PMID:8825475] |
|
GO:0030089
|
0 |
phycobilisome |
"Any of the granules, approximately 32 nm x 48 nm and consisting of highly aggregated phycobiliproteins, that are attached in arrays to the external face of a thylakoid membrane in algae of the phyla Cyanophyta and Rhodophyta, where they function as light-harvesting devices in photosynthesis. Excitation energy in the phycobilisome flows in the sequence: phycoerythrin, phycocyanin, allophycocyanin before passing to the antenna chlorophyll of photosystem II." [GOC:jl, PMID:11734882, Wikipedia:Phycobilisome] |
|
GO:0030105
|
0 |
obsolete anaphylaxis |
"OBSOLETE. Extreme immunological sensitivity of the body or tissues to the reintroduction of an antigen. It is a form of anamnestic reaction and is accompanied by pathological changes in tissues or organs due to the release of pharmacologically active substances." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0030114
|
0 |
slime layer |
"A slime layer is an easily removed, diffuse, unorganized layer of extracellular material that surrounds a cell. Specifically this consists mostly of exopolysaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids." [GOC:mlg, Wikipedia:Slime_layer] |
|
GO:0030115
|
0 |
S-layer |
"A crystalline protein layer surrounding some bacteria." [GOC:mlg, ISBN:0815108893] |
|
GO:0030119
|
0 |
AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex |
"Any of several heterotetrameric complexes that link clathrin (or another coat-forming molecule, as hypothesized for AP-3 and AP-4) to a membrane surface; they are found on coated pits and coated vesicles, and mediate sorting of cargo proteins into vesicles. Each AP complex contains two large (a beta and one of either an alpha, gamma, delta, or epsilon) subunits (110-130 kDa), a medium (mu) subunit (approximately 50 kDa), and a small (sigma) subunit (15-20 kDa)." [GOC:mah, PMID:10611976, PMID:15473838] |
|
GO:0030121
|
0 |
AP-1 adaptor complex |
"A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of beta1, gamma, mu1 and sigma1 subunits and links clathrin to the membrane surface of a vesicle; vesicles with AP-1-containing coats are normally found primarily in the trans-Golgi network. In at least humans, the AP-1 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different genes (gamma1 and gamma2, mu1A and mu1B, and sigma1A, sigma1B and sigma1C)." [GOC:mah, PMID:10611976, PMID:21097499] |
|
GO:0030122
|
0 |
AP-2 adaptor complex |
"A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of alpha, beta2, mu2 and sigma2 subunits, and links clathrin to the membrane surface of a vesicle; vesicles with AP-2-containing coats are normally found primarily near the plasma membrane, on endocytic vesicles. In at least humans, the AP-2 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different alpha genes (alphaA and alphaC)." [GOC:mah, PMID:10611976, PMID:21097499] |
|
GO:0030123
|
0 |
AP-3 adaptor complex |
"A heterotetrameric AP-type membrane coat adaptor complex that consists of beta3, delta, mu3 and sigma3 subunits and is found associated with endosomal membranes. AP-3 does not appear to associate with clathrin in all organisms. In at least humans, the AP-3 complex can be heterogeneric due to the existence of multiple subunit isoforms encoded by different genes (beta3A and beta3B, mu3A and mu3B, and sigma3A and sigma3B)." [GOC:mah, PMID:10611976, PMID:21097499] |
|
GO:0030126
|
0 |
COPI vesicle coat |
"One of two multimeric complexes that forms a membrane vesicle coat. The mammalian COPI subunits are called alpha-, beta-, beta'-, gamma-, delta-, epsilon- and zeta-COP. Vesicles with COPI coats are found associated with Golgi membranes at steady state." [GOC:mah, PMID:11252894] |
|
GO:0030127
|
0 |
COPII vesicle coat |
"One of two multimeric complexes that forms a membrane vesicle coat. COPII is best characterized in S. cerevisiae, where the subunits are called Sar1p, Sec13p, Sec31p, Sec23p, and Sec24p. Vesicles with COPII coats are found associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes at steady state." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb, PMID:11252894] |
|
GO:0030135
|
0 |
coated vesicle |
"Small membrane-bounded organelle formed by pinching off of a coated region of membrane. Some coats are made of clathrin, whereas others are made from other proteins." [ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0030141
|
0 |
secretory granule |
"A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion. Secretory granules move towards the periphery of the cell and upon stimulation, their membranes fuse with the cell membrane, and their protein load is exteriorized. Processing of the contained protein may take place in secretory granules." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198596732] |
|
GO:0030169
|
0 |
low-density lipoprotein particle binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a low-density lipoprotein particle, a lipoprotein particle that is rich in cholesterol esters and low in triglycerides, is typically composed of APOB100 and APOE, and has a density of 1.02-1.06 g/ml and a diameter of between 20-25 nm." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0030170
|
0 |
pyridoxal phosphate binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with pyridoxal 5' phosphate, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl4-pyridine carboxaldehyde 5' phosphate, the biologically active form of vitamin B6." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0030204
|
11 |
chondroitin sulfate metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving chondroitin sulfate, any member of a group of 10-60 kDa glycosaminoglycans, widely distributed in cartilage and other mammalian connective tissues, the repeat units of which consist of beta-(1,4)-linked D-glucuronyl beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-galactosamine sulfate. They usually occur linked to a protein to form proteoglycans. Two subgroups exist, one in which the sulfate is on the 4-position (chondroitin sulfate A) and the second in which it is in the 6-position (chondroitin sulfate C). They often are polydisperse and often differ in the degree of sulfation from tissue to tissue. The chains of repeating disaccharide are covalently linked to the side chains of serine residues in the polypeptide backbone of a protein by a glycosidic attachment through the trisaccharide unit galactosyl-galactosyl-xylosyl. Chondroitin sulfate B is more usually known as dermatan sulfate." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0030212
|
0 |
hyaluronan metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving hyaluronan, the naturally occurring anionic form of hyaluronic acid, any member of a group of glycosaminoglycans, the repeat units of which consist of beta-1,4 linked D-glucuronyl-beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0030213
|
0 |
hyaluronan biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hyaluronan, the naturally occurring anionic form of hyaluronic acid, any member of a group of glycosaminoglycans, the repeat units of which consist of beta-1,4 linked D-glucuronyl-beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0030214
|
0 |
hyaluronan catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hyaluronan, the naturally occurring anionic form of hyaluronic acid, any member of a group of glycosaminoglycans, the repeat units of which consist of beta-1,4 linked D-glucuronyl-beta-(1,3)-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0030228
|
0 |
lipoprotein particle receptor activity |
"Combining with a lipoprotein particle and delivering the lipoprotein particle into the cell via endocytosis. A lipoprotein particle, also known as a lipoprotein, is a clathrate complex consisting of a lipid enwrapped in a protein host without covalent binding in such a way that the complex has a hydrophilic outer surface consisting of all the protein and the polar ends of any phospholipids." [CHEBI:6495, GOC:bf, GOC:mah, PMID:12827279] |
|
GO:0030233
|
0 |
deoxynucleotide transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalyzes transport of all four deoxy (d) NDPs, and, less efficiently, the corresponding dNTPs, in exchange for dNDPs, ADP, or ATP." [PMID:11226231] |
|
GO:0030246
|
0 |
carbohydrate binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any carbohydrate, which includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as well as substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates." [CHEBI:16646, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0030247
|
0 |
polysaccharide binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any polysaccharide, a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically." [CHEBI:18154, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0030264
|
0 |
nuclear fragmentation involved in apoptotic nuclear change |
"The breakdown of the nucleus into small membrane-bounded compartments, or blebs, each of which contain compacted DNA." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb, ISBN:0721639976] |
|
GO:0030287
|
0 |
cell wall-bounded periplasmic space |
"The region between the plasma membrane and the cell wall in organisms lacking an outer cell membrane such as yeast and Gram positive bacteria. The region is thinner than the equivalent in Gram negative bacteria." [GOC:mlg, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0030288
|
0 |
outer membrane-bounded periplasmic space |
"The region between the inner (cytoplasmic or plasma) membrane and outer membrane of organisms with two membranes such as Gram negative bacteria. These periplasmic spaces are relatively thick and contain a thin peptidoglycan layer (PGL), also referred to as a thin cell wall." [GOC:mlg, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0030299
|
0 |
intestinal cholesterol absorption |
"Uptake of cholesterol into the blood by absorption from the small intestine." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0030306
|
0 |
ADP-ribosylation factor binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ARF, ADP-ribosylation factor, a small monomeric cytosolic GTPase that, when bound to GTP, binds to the membranes of cells." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0030313
|
0 |
cell envelope |
"An envelope that surrounds a bacterial cell and includes the cytoplasmic membrane and everything external, encompassing the periplasmic space, cell wall, and outer membrane if present." [GOC:ds, GOC:mlg, http://pathmicro.med.sc.edu/fox/cell_envelope.htm] |
|
GO:0030324
|
0 |
lung development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lung over time, from its formation to the mature structure. In all air-breathing vertebrates the lungs are developed from the ventral wall of the oesophagus as a pouch which divides into two sacs. In amphibians and many reptiles the lungs retain very nearly this primitive sac-like character, but in the higher forms the connection with the esophagus becomes elongated into the windpipe and the inner walls of the sacs become more and more divided, until, in the mammals, the air spaces become minutely divided into tubes ending in small air cells, in the walls of which the blood circulates in a fine network of capillaries. In mammals the lungs are more or less divided into lobes, and each lung occupies a separate cavity in the thorax." [GOC:jid, UBERON:0002048] |
|
GO:0030325
|
0 |
adrenal gland development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the adrenal gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. This gland can either be a discrete structure located bilaterally above each kidney, or a cluster of cells in the head kidney that perform the functions of the adrenal gland. In either case, this organ consists of two cells types, aminergic chromaffin cells and steroidogenic cortical cells." [GOC:dgh] |
|
GO:0030332
|
0 |
cyclin binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with cyclins, proteins whose levels in a cell varies markedly during the cell cycle, rising steadily until mitosis, then falling abruptly to zero. As cyclins reach a threshold level, they are thought to drive cells into G2 phase and thus to mitosis." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0030337
|
0 |
DNA polymerase processivity factor activity |
"An enzyme regulator activity that increases the processivity of polymerization by DNA polymerase, by allowing the polymerase to move rapidly along DNA while remaining topologically bound to it." [GOC:mah, PMID:7903401, PMID:8087839] |
|
GO:0030355
|
0 |
obsolete small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein |
"OBSOLETE (was not defined before being made obsolete)." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0030382
|
0 |
sperm mitochondrion organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of sperm mitochondria; the process in which they take on their characteristic morphology; they are flattened, elongated, and arranged circumferentially into a tight helical coil around the tail-dense fibers of the mature sperm." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah, PMID:8833144] |
|
GO:0030405
|
0 |
obsolete matrix metalloproteinase 19 activity |
"OBSOLETE. Was not defined before being made obsolete." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0030406
|
0 |
obsolete matrix metalloproteinase 25 activity |
"OBSOLETE. Was not defined before being made obsolete." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0030413
|
0 |
competence pheromone activity |
"A small peptide excreted by a naturally transformable bacterium (e.g. Bacillus subtilis) that transmits a signal required for the establishment of competence." [GOC:mah, PMID:7698645] |
|
GO:0030420
|
0 |
establishment of competence for transformation |
"The process in which a naturally transformable bacterium acquires the ability to take up exogenous DNA. This term should be applied only to naturally transformable bacteria, and should not be used in the context of artificially induced bacterial transformation." [GOC:mah, ISBN:1555811027] |
|
GO:0030422
|
12 |
production of siRNA involved in RNA interference |
"Cleavage of double-stranded RNA to form small interfering RNA molecules (siRNAs) of 21-23 nucleotides, in the context of RNA interference." [GOC:mah, PMID:11524674] |
|
GO:0030423
|
0 |
targeting of mRNA for destruction involved in RNA interference |
"The process in which small interfering RNAs target cognate mRNA molecules for degradation." [PMID:11524674] |
|
GO:0030424
|
0 |
axon |
"The long process of a neuron that conducts nerve impulses, usually away from the cell body to the terminals and varicosities, which are sites of storage and release of neurotransmitter." [GOC:nln, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0030428
|
0 |
cell septum |
"A structure composed of peptidoglycan and often chitin in addition to other materials. It usually forms perpendicular to the long axis of a cell or hypha and grows centripetally from the cell wall to the center of the cell and often functions in the compartmentalization of a cell into two daughter cells." [GOC:clt, ISBN:0471940526] |
|
GO:0030431
|
8 |
sleep |
"Any process in which an organism enters and maintains a periodic, readily reversible state of reduced awareness and metabolic activity. Usually accompanied by physical relaxation, the onset of sleep in humans and other mammals is marked by a change in the electrical activity of the brain." [ISBN:0192800981] |
|
GO:0030437
|
0 |
ascospore formation |
"The process in which cells that are products of meiosis acquire the specialized features of ascospores. Ascospores are generally found in clusters of four or eight spores within a single mother cell, the ascus, and are characteristic of the ascomycete fungi (phylum Ascomycota)." [GOC:di, GOC:mah, GOC:mcc, PMID:16339736] |
|
GO:0030445
|
0 |
yeast-form cell wall |
"The wall surrounding a cell of a dimorphic fungus growing in the single-cell budding yeast form, in contrast to the filamentous or hyphal form." [GOC:mah, GOC:mcc] |
|
GO:0030446
|
0 |
hyphal cell wall |
"The cell wall surrounding a fungal hypha." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0030448
|
0 |
hyphal growth |
"Growth of fungi as threadlike, tubular structures that may contain multiple nuclei and may or may not be divided internally by septa, or cross-walls." [GOC:mcc, ISBN:0471522295] |
|
GO:0030470
|
0 |
obsolete spore germination (sensu Fungi) |
"OBSOLETE. Process of breakdown or opening of the spore-containing structure, modification of the spore wall, and resumption of growth of the spore. As in, but not restricted to, the fungi (Fungi, ncbi_taxonomy_id:4751)." [GOC:mcc] |
|
GO:0030476
|
0 |
ascospore wall assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an ascospore wall. During sporulation in Ascomycota, each ascospore nucleus becomes surrounded by a specialized spore wall, formed by deposition of spore wall components in the lumenal space between the outer and inner leaflets of the prospore membrane. An example of this process is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." [GOC:mcc, PMID:14702385] |
|
GO:0030490
|
44 |
maturation of SSU-rRNA |
"Any process involved in the maturation of a precursor Small SubUnit (SSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecule into a mature SSU-rRNA molecule." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0030493
|
0 |
bacteriochlorophyll metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving a bacteriochlorophyll, any of the chlorophylls of photosynthetic bacteria. They differ structurally from the chlorophylls of higher plants." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0030494
|
0 |
bacteriochlorophyll biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a bacteriochlorophyll, any of the chlorophylls of photosynthetic bacteria. They differ structurally from the chlorophylls of higher plants." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0030495
|
0 |
bacteriochlorophyll catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of bacteriochlorophyll, any of the chlorophylls of photosynthetic bacteria. They differ structurally from the chlorophylls of higher plants." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0030496
|
0 |
midbody |
"A thin cytoplasmic bridge formed between daughter cells at the end of cytokinesis. The midbody forms where the contractile ring constricts, and may persist for some time before finally breaking to complete cytokinesis." [ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0030507
|
0 |
spectrin binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with spectrin, a protein that is the major constituent of the erythrocyte cytoskeletal network. It associates with band 4.1 (see band protein) and actin to form the cytoskeletal superstructure of the erythrocyte plasma membrane. It is composed of nonhomologous chains, alpha and beta, which aggregate side-to-side in an antiparallel fashion to form dimers, tetramers, and higher polymers." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0030515
|
0 |
snoRNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with small nucleolar RNA." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0030519
|
0 |
snoRNP binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any part of a small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein particle." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0030531
|
0 |
obsolete small cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein complex |
"OBSOLETE. A complex composed of RNA of the small cytoplasmic RNA (scRNA) class and protein, found in the cytoplasm." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0030532
|
0 |
small nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex |
"A complex composed of RNA of the small nuclear RNA (snRNA) class and protein, found in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell. These are typically named after the snRNA(s) they contain, e.g. U1 snRNP or U4/U6 snRNP. Many, but not all, of these complexes are involved in splicing of nuclear mRNAs." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897] |
|
GO:0030563
|
0 |
snRNA 2'-O-ribose methylation guide activity |
"Activity that provides specificity to a methylase by using base complementarity to guide site-specific 2'-O-ribose methylations to a small nuclear RNA molecule." [PMID:11733745] |
|
GO:0030565
|
0 |
snRNA pseudouridylation guide activity |
"Activity that provides specificity to a pseudouridine synthetase by using base complementarity to guide site-specific pseudouridylations to a small nuclear RNA molecule." [PMID:11733745] |
|
GO:0030574
|
0 |
collagen catabolic process |
"The proteolytic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of collagen in the extracellular matrix, usually carried out by proteases secreted by nearby cells." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0030575
|
0 |
nuclear body organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of any of the extra-nucleolar nuclear domains usually visualized by confocal microscopy and fluorescent antibodies to specific proteins." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0030576
|
0 |
Cajal body organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of Cajal bodies, nuclear bodies that appear ultrastructurally as a tangle of coiled, electron-dense threads roughly 0.5 micrometers in diameter and are enriched in ribonucleoproteins, and certain general RNA polymerase II transcription factors." [GOC:mah, PMID:11031238] |
|
GO:0030590
|
5 |
first cell cycle pseudocleavage |
"A process that occurs during the first cell cycle in an embryo, in which anterior cortical contractions culminate in a single partial constriction of the embryo called the pseudocleavage furrow. An example of this process is found in nematode worms." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:7729583] |
|
GO:0030593
|
0 |
neutrophil chemotaxis |
"The directed movement of a neutrophil cell, the most numerous polymorphonuclear leukocyte found in the blood, in response to an external stimulus, usually an infection or wounding." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0030619
|
0 |
U1 snRNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the U1 small nuclear RNA (U1 snRNA)." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0030620
|
0 |
U2 snRNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the U2 small nuclear RNA (U2 snRNA)." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0030621
|
0 |
U4 snRNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the U4 small nuclear RNA (U4 snRNA)." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0030622
|
0 |
U4atac snRNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the U4atac small nuclear RNA (U4atac snRNA)." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0030623
|
0 |
U5 snRNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the U5 small nuclear RNA (U5 snRNA)." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0030624
|
0 |
U6atac snRNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the U6atac small nuclear RNA (U6atac snRNA)." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0030625
|
0 |
U11 snRNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the U11 small nuclear RNA (U11 snRNA)." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0030626
|
0 |
U12 snRNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the U12 small nuclear RNA (U12 snRNA)." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0030629
|
0 |
U6 snRNA 3'-end binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the 3' end of the U6 small nuclear RNA (U6 snRNA)." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0030656
|
0 |
regulation of vitamin metabolic process |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a vitamin, one of a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0030680
|
0 |
dimeric ribonuclease P complex |
"A ribonuclease P complex that contains a single RNA molecule that is necessary and usually sufficient for catalysis, and a single protein molecule. Examples of this complex are found in Bacterial species." [GOC:mah, PMID:12045094] |
|
GO:0030681
|
0 |
multimeric ribonuclease P complex |
"A ribonuclease P complex that generally contains a single RNA molecule and several protein molecules. Examples of this complex are found in Archaeal species." [GOC:mah, PMID:11142368, PMID:12045094] |
|
GO:0030686
|
0 |
90S preribosome |
"A large ribonucleoprotein complex considered to be the earliest preribosomal complex. In S. cerevisiae, it has a size of 90S and consists of the 35S pre-rRNA, early-associating ribosomal proteins most of which are part of the small ribosomal subunit, the U3 snoRNA and associated proteins." [GOC:krc, GOC:vw, PMID:12150911, PMID:12957375, PMID:15120992] |
|
GO:0030688
|
0 |
preribosome, small subunit precursor |
"A preribosomal complex consisting of 20S pre-rRNA, ribosomal proteins including late-associating small subunit proteins, and associated proteins; a precursor of the eukaryotic cytoplasmic small ribosomal subunit." [PMID:10567516] |
|
GO:0030692
|
0 |
Noc4p-Nop14p complex |
"A heterodimer associated with precursors of the eukaryotic small ribosomal subunit, including the 90S preribosome; involved in small subunit biogenesis." [PMID:12446671] |
|
GO:0030700
|
0 |
glycine reductase complex |
"Complex that possesses glycine reductase activity; usually comprises three subunits, of which two are selenoproteins; the subunits are typically designated selenoprotein A, selenoprotein B and protein C." [GOC:mah, PMID:2018775] |
|
GO:0030703
|
10 |
eggshell formation |
"Construction of the eggshell, a product of the somatic follicle cell epithelium and a structure that supports the egg in a hostile environment, minimizing water loss whilst allowing gas exchanges essential for embryonic respiration." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0879694238, PMID:10822261] |
|
GO:0030717
|
0 |
karyosome formation |
"The chromosome organization process in which meiotic chromosomes in the oocyte nucleus cluster together to form a compact spherical structure called the karyosome." [PMID:11700288, PMID:18039935] |
|
GO:0030851
|
0 |
granulocyte differentiation |
"The process in which a myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a granulocyte. Granulocytes are a class of leukocytes characterized by the presence of granules in their cytoplasm. These cells are active in allergic immune reactions such as arthritic inflammation and rashes. This class includes basophils, eosinophils and neutrophils." [GOC:ecd, http://life.nthu.edu.tw/~g864204/dict-search1.htm] |
|
GO:0030870
|
0 |
Mre11 complex |
"Trimeric protein complex that possesses endonuclease activity; involved in meiotic recombination, DNA repair and checkpoint signaling. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the complex comprises Mre11p, Rad50p, and Xrs2p; complexes identified in other species generally contain proteins orthologous to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteins." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:11988766, PMID:17674145] |
|
GO:0030880
|
0 |
RNA polymerase complex |
"Any complex that possesses RNA polymerase activity; generally comprises a catalytic subunit and one or more additional subunits." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0030891
|
0 |
VCB complex |
"A protein complex that possesses ubiquitin ligase activity; the complex is usually pentameric; for example, in mammals the subunits are pVHL, elongin B, elongin C, cullin-2 (Cul2), and Rbx1." [GOC:mah, PMID:11865071] |
|
GO:0030900
|
0 |
forebrain development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the forebrain over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The forebrain is the anterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes especially the cerebral hemispheres, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus and especially in higher vertebrates is the main control center for sensory and associative information processing, visceral functions, and voluntary motor functions)." [http://www2.merriam-webster.com/cgi-bin/mwmednlm?book=Medical&va=forebrain] |
|
GO:0030905
|
0 |
retromer, tubulation complex |
"The dimeric subcomplex of the retromer, believed to be peripherally associated with the membrane. This dimeric complex is responsible for remodelling endosomal membranes to form a tube-structure to which cargo molecules are selected for recycling. The budding yeast complex comprises Vps5p and Vps17p, and may contain multiple copies of a Vps5p/Vps17p dimer. The mammalian complex contains SNX1 or SNX2 dimerized with SNX5 or SNX6." [GOC:bf, PMID:26220253, PMID:9700157] |
|
GO:0030911
|
0 |
TPR domain binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) domain of a protein, the consensus sequence of which is defined by a pattern of small and large hydrophobic amino acids and a structure composed of helices." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0030915
|
0 |
Smc5-Smc6 complex |
"A conserved complex that contains a heterodimer of SMC proteins (Smc5p and Smc6p, or homologs thereof) and several other proteins, and is involved in DNA repair and maintaining cell cycle arrest following DNA damage. In S. cerevisiae, this is an octameric complex called Mms21-Smc5-Smc6 complex, with at least five of its subunits conserved in fission yeast and humans." [GOC:rb, PMID:14701739] |
|
GO:0030923
|
0 |
metal incorporation into metallo-oxygen cluster |
"The formation of a cluster of several metal atoms, including manganese or calcium, with one or more bridging (mu-bond) oxygen atoms; amino acids residues in proteins that may ligate the metal oxygen cluster are histidine, aspartate, and glutamate." [GOC:jsg] |
|
GO:0030924
|
0 |
manganese incorporation into metallo-oxygen cluster |
"The incorporation of manganese into a metallo-oxygen cluster." [GOC:jsg] |
|
GO:0030925
|
0 |
calcium incorporation into metallo-oxygen cluster |
"The incorporation of calcium into a metallo-oxygen cluster." [GOC:jsg] |
|
GO:0030926
|
0 |
calcium incorporation into metallo-oxygen cluster via bis-L-aspartato tris-L-glutamato L-histidino calcium tetramanganese tetroxide |
"The incorporation of calcium into a 4Mn-Ca-4O complex by bis-L-aspartato tris-L-glutamato L-histidino calcium tetramanganese tetroxide as in the photosystem II catalytic site." [PMID:14764885, RESID:AA0366] |
|
GO:0030927
|
0 |
manganese incorporation into metallo-oxygen cluster via bis-L-aspartato tris-L-glutamato L-histidino calcium tetramanganese tetroxide |
"The incorporation of manganese into a 4Mn-Ca-4O complex by bis-L-aspartato tris-L-glutamato L-histidino calcium tetramanganese tetroxide as in the photosystem II catalytic site." [PMID:14764885, RESID:AA0366] |
|
GO:0030929
|
0 |
ADPG pyrophosphorylase complex |
"Complex that possesses ADPG pyrophosphorylase activity. In all organisms where it has been found, the complex is a tetramer. In bacteria, it is a homotetramer. In plants, the complex is a heterotetramer composed small and large subunits." [GOC:tb, PMID:9680965] |
|
GO:0030953
|
8 |
astral microtubule organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of astral microtubules, any of the spindle microtubules that radiate in all directions from the spindle poles." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0030956
|
0 |
glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase complex |
"A protein complex that possesses glutamyl-tRNA(Gln) amidotransferase activity, and therefore creates Gln-tRNA by amidating Glu-tRNA; usually composed of 3 subunits: A, B, and C. Note that the C subunit may not be required in all organisms." [GOC:mlg] |
|
GO:0030975
|
0 |
thiamine binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with thiamine (vitamin B1), a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver." [GOC:mlg] |
|
GO:0030991
|
0 |
intraciliary transport particle A |
"The smaller subcomplex of the intraciliary transport particle; characterized complexes have molecular weights of 710-760 kDa." [GOC:cilia, GOC:kmv, PMID:14570576] |
|
GO:0031002
|
0 |
actin rod |
"A cellular structure consisting of parallel, hexagonally arranged actin tubules, comprising filamentous actin and associated proteins. Found in the germinating spores of Dictyostelium discoideum." [GOC:kp] |
|
GO:0031021
|
0 |
interphase microtubule organizing center |
"A microtubule organizing center found in interphase cells, which organize a longitudinal array of three to five MT bundles from the nuclear envelope during interphase. Each MT bundle is composed of two to seven MTs arranged in an antiparallel configuration, with the dynamic MT plus ends extending toward the cell tips and stable minus ends near the nucleus." [PMID:15068790] |
|
GO:0031027
|
0 |
glutamate synthase complex (NADH) |
"A protein complex that in yeast consists of a large and a small subunit. Possesses glutamate synthase (NADH) activity." [GOC:jl, PMID:7047525] |
|
GO:0031028
|
0 |
septation initiation signaling |
"The series of molecular signals, mediated by the small GTPase Ras, that results in the initiation of contraction of the contractile ring, at the beginning of cytokinesis and cell division by septum formation. The pathway coordinates chromosome segregation with mitotic exit and cytokinesis." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:16775007] |
|
GO:0031041
|
0 |
O-glycan processing, core 5 |
"The stepwise addition of carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative residues to the initially added O-linked residue (usually GalNAc) to form the core 5 O-glycan structure, GalNAc-alpha-(1->3)-GalNAc." [GOC:mah, GOC:pr, PMID:10580130] |
|
GO:0031042
|
0 |
O-glycan processing, core 6 |
"The stepwise addition of carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative residues to the initially added O-linked residue (usually GalNAc) to form the core 6 O-glycan structure, GlcNAc-beta-(1->6)-GalNAc." [GOC:mah, GOC:pr, PMID:10580130] |
|
GO:0031043
|
0 |
O-glycan processing, core 7 |
"The stepwise addition of carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative residues to the initially added O-linked residue (usually GalNAc) to form the core 7 O-glycan structure, GalNAc-alpha-(1->6)-GalNAc." [GOC:mah, GOC:pr, PMID:10580130] |
|
GO:0031044
|
0 |
O-glycan processing, core 8 |
"The stepwise addition of carbohydrate or carbohydrate derivative residues to the initially added O-linked residue (usually GalNAc) to form the core 8 O-glycan structure, Gal-alpha-(1->3)-GalNAc." [GOC:mah, GOC:pr, PMID:10580130] |
|
GO:0031048
|
5 |
chromatin silencing by small RNA |
"Repression of transcription by conversion of large regions of DNA into heterochromatin, directed by small RNAs sharing sequence identity to the repressed region." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_lung, GOC:ns] |
|
GO:0031050
|
19 |
dsRNA fragmentation |
"Cleavage of double-stranded RNA molecules by an RNaseIII-family enzyme to produce small RNAs (generally 20-30 nucleotides, depending on species) with biological function." [GOC:ns] |
|
GO:0031051
|
0 |
scnRNA production |
"Cleavage of noncoding, double-stranded RNAs transcribed from the micronuclear genome to produce scnRNAs, small RNAs (~28 nucleotides) that direct the deletion of micronuclear-limited sequences from the developing macronuclear genome." [PMID:15196465] |
|
GO:0031083
|
0 |
BLOC-1 complex |
"A protein complex required for the biogenesis of specialized organelles of the endosomal-lysosomal system, such as melanosomes and platelet dense granules. Many of the protein subunits are conserved between mouse and human; the mouse complex contains the Pallidin, Muted, Cappuccino, Dysbindin, Snapin, BLOS1, BLOS2, AND BLOS3 proteins." [PMID:15102850] |
|
GO:0031105
|
0 |
septin complex |
"A protein complex containing septins. Typically, these complexes contain multiple septins and are oligomeric." [GOC:mah, PMID:15385632] |
|
GO:0031160
|
0 |
spore wall |
"The specialized envelope lying outside the cell membrane of a spore." [GOC:mah, GOC:pg] |
|
GO:0031162
|
0 |
sulfur incorporation into metallo-sulfur cluster |
"The incorporation of exogenous sulfur into a metallo-sulfur cluster." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0031163
|
14 |
metallo-sulfur cluster assembly |
"The incorporation of a metal and exogenous sulfur into a metallo-sulfur cluster." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah, GOC:pde, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0031168
|
0 |
ferrichrome metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving a ferrichrome. Ferrichromes are any of a group of growth-promoting Fe(III) chelates formed by various genera of microfungi. They are homodetic cyclic hexapeptides made up of a tripeptide of glycine (or other small neutral amino acids) and a tripeptide of an N'acyl-N4-hydroxy-L-ornithine." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0031169
|
0 |
ferrichrome biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a ferrichrome. Ferrichromes are any of a group of growth-promoting Fe(III) chelates formed by various genera of microfungi. They are homodetic cyclic hexapeptides made up of a tripeptide of glycine (or other small neutral amino acids) and a tripeptide of an N'acyl-N4-hydroxy-L-ornithine." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0031173
|
0 |
otolith mineralization completed early in development |
"The formation of otoliths during embryogenesis with completion in early postembryonic development. Formation occurs by precipitation of specific crystal forms of calcium carbonate around an organic core of extracellular matrix proteins. Otoconia (otoliths) are small (~10 micron) dense extracellular particles present in the otolith end organs of the vertebrate inner ear." [GOC:dsf, PMID:15581873] |
|
GO:0031175
|
280 |
neuron projection development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuron projection over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuron projection is any process extending from a neural cell, such as axons or dendrites (collectively called neurites)." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0031201
|
0 |
SNARE complex |
"A protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers. One well-characterized example is the neuronal SNARE complex formed of synaptobrevin 2, syntaxin 1a, and SNAP-25." [GOC:bhm, GOC:pr, PMID:10872468, PMID:19450911] |
|
GO:0031204
|
0 |
posttranslational protein targeting to membrane, translocation |
"The process in which a protein translocates through the ER membrane posttranslationally." [PMID:12518317, PMID:8707814] |
|
GO:0031209
|
0 |
SCAR complex |
"A heterotetrameric complex that includes orthologues of human PIR121, Nap125 and HSPC300 and regulates actin polymerization and/or depolymerization through small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:pg, PMID:12181570] |
|
GO:0031214
|
0 |
biomineral tissue development |
"Formation of hard tissues that consist mainly of inorganic compounds, and also contain a small amounts of organic matrices that are believed to play important roles in their formation." [PMID:15132736] |
|
GO:0031247
|
0 |
actin rod assembly |
"The assembly of actin rods, a cellular structure consisting of parallel, hexagonally arranged actin tubules." [GOC:pg, PMID:14706699] |
|
GO:0031250
|
0 |
anaerobic ribonucleoside-triphosphate reductase complex |
"An enzyme complex composed of 4 subunits, 2 copies of the large protein (nrdD in E. coli) and 2 copies of the small protein (nrdG in E. coli). It catalyzes the generation of 2'deoxyribonucleotides under anaerobic growth conditions. The larger subunit is the catalytic unit that is activated by the smaller iron-binding subunit." [GOC:mlg] |
|
GO:0031267
|
0 |
small GTPase binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a small monomeric GTPase." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0031297
|
2 |
replication fork processing |
"The process in which a DNA replication fork that has stalled (due to DNA damage, DNA secondary structure, bound proteins, dNTP shortage, or other causes) is repaired and replication is restarted." [PMID:11459955, PMID:15367656, PMID:17660542] |
|
GO:0031298
|
0 |
replication fork protection complex |
"A protein complex conserved in eukaryotes and associated with the replication fork; the complex stabilizes stalled replication forks and is thought to be involved in coordinating leading- and lagging-strand synthesis and in replication checkpoint signaling." [PMID:15367656] |
|
GO:0031332
|
0 |
RNAi effector complex |
"Any protein complex that mediates the effects of small interfering RNAs on gene expression. Most known examples contain one or more members of the Argonaute family of proteins." [GOC:mah, PMID:14704433] |
|
GO:0031368
|
0 |
obsolete Pro-X metallocarboxypeptidase activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the cleavage of a Pro-Xaa bond by a metallopeptidase mechanism to release a C-terminal amino acid." [EC:3.4.17.16, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0031407
|
0 |
oxylipin metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving any oxylipin, any of a group of biologically active compounds formed by oxidative metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids." [GOC:mah, PMID:11960741] |
|
GO:0031408
|
0 |
oxylipin biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any oxylipin, any of a group of biologically active compounds formed by oxidative metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids." [GOC:mah, PMID:11960741] |
|
GO:0031411
|
0 |
gas vesicle |
"An intracellular non-membrane-bounded organelle; a hollow structure made of protein, which usually has the form of a cylindrical tube closed by conical end caps. By regulating their relative gas vesicle content, aquatic microbes are able to perform vertical migrations." [PMID:22147705, PMID:8177173] |
|
GO:0031412
|
0 |
gas vesicle organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a gas vesicle. A gas vesicle is a hollow structure made of protein, which usually has the form of a cylindrical tube closed by conical end caps." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0031428
|
0 |
box C/D snoRNP complex |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex containing small nucleolar RNA of the box C/D type that can carry out ribose-2'-O-methylation of target RNAs." [ISBN:0879695897, PMID:17284456] |
|
GO:0031431
|
0 |
Dbf4-dependent protein kinase complex |
"A heterodimeric protein complex required for the activation of DNA replication origins; comprises a catalytic subunit and a regulatory subunit (in Saccharomyces, Cdc7p and Dbf4p, respectively); complexes identified in other species generally contain proteins related to the Saccharomyces proteins." [PMID:12045100] |
|
GO:0031504
|
0 |
peptidoglycan-based cell wall organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the peptidoglycan-based cell wall." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0031502
|
0 |
dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase complex |
"A complex that possesses dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase activity; usually includes members of the PMT1 and PMT2 protein subfamilies." [GOC:mah, GOC:pr, PMID:15948957] |
|
GO:0031505
|
0 |
fungal-type cell wall organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the fungal-type cell wall." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0031506
|
1 |
cell wall glycoprotein biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cell wall glycoproteins, any cell wall protein that contains covalently bound sugar residues." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0031507
|
1 |
heterochromatin assembly |
"The assembly of chromatin into heterochromatin, a compact and highly condensed form that is often, but not always, transcriptionally silent." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0031512
|
0 |
motile primary cilium |
"A primary cilium which may contain a variable array of axonemal microtubules and also contains molecular motors. Motile primary cilia display a distinct twirling motion that directs fluid flow asymmetrically across the cellular surface to affect asymmetric body plan organization." [GOC:dgh, GOC:kmv, PMID:17009929, PMID:20144998] |
|
GO:0031514
|
0 |
motile cilium |
"A cilium which has a variable arrangement of axonemal microtubules, contains molecular motors, and beats with a characteristic whip-like pattern that promotes cell motility or transport of fluids and other cells across a cell surface. Motile cilia are typically found in multiple copies on epithelial cells that line the lumenal ducts of various tissues. Motile cilia may also function as sensory organelles." [GOC:dgh, GOC:kmv, PMID:17009929, PMID:20144998] |
|
GO:0031556
|
0 |
transcriptional attenuation by ribosome |
"A type of transcriptional regulation at the level of early termination. This process can occur only in prokaryotes, where transcription of an operon into messenger RNA and translation of that mRNA into polypeptides occur simultaneously. The general principle is that alternative mRNA secondary structures occur under different physiological conditions such as available amount of a particular amino acid. One set of conditions favors early termination of transcription. In the classic example of the trp biosynthesis operon, translation of the gene for a short, trp-containing polypeptide called the trp operon leader peptide pauses either at a trp codon (if tryptophan is scarce) or the stop codon (if trp is readily available). In the former situation transcription continues, but in the latter a Rho-independent terminator forms and reduces, or attenuates, expression of the tryptophan biosynthesis genes. Although the polypeptides encoded by leader peptide genes appear not to be stable once their translation is complete, it is suggested by recent studies that their nascent polypeptide chains interact specifically with ribosomes, specific uncharged tRNAs, or other cellular components to inhibit release at the stop codon and improve the function of transcriptional attenuation as a regulatory switch." [GOC:dh, GOC:mlg, ISBN:0198542682] |
|
GO:0031564
|
0 |
transcription antitermination |
"Regulation of transcription by a mechanism that allows RNA polymerase to continue transcription beyond a termination site." [ISBN:0198577788, PMID:12456320] |
|
GO:0031579
|
2 |
membrane raft organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of membrane rafts, small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0031920
|
0 |
pyridoxal transport |
"The directed movement of pyridoxal into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Pyridoxal, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde, is one of the vitamin B6 compounds. Pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine are collectively known as vitamin B6, and are efficiently converted to the biologically active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal phosphate." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0031922
|
0 |
pyridoxamine transport |
"The directed movement of pyridoxamine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Pyridoxamine, 4-(aminomethyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol, is one of the vitamin B6 compounds. Pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine are collectively known as vitamin B6, and are efficiently converted to the biologically active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal phosphate." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0031923
|
0 |
pyridoxine transport |
"The directed movement of pyridoxine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Pyridoxine, 2-methyl-3-hydroxy-4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyridine, is one of the vitamin B6 compounds. Pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine are collectively known as vitamin B6, and are efficiently converted to the biologically active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal phosphate." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0031925
|
0 |
pyridoxal transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the directed movement of pyridoxal across a membrane into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Pyridoxal, 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde, is one of the vitamin B6 compounds. Pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine are collectively known as vitamin B6, and are efficiently converted to the biologically active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal phosphate." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0031927
|
0 |
pyridoxamine transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the directed movement of pyridoxamine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Pyridoxamine, 4-(aminomethyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol, is one of the vitamin B6 compounds. Pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine are collectively known as vitamin B6, and are efficiently converted to the biologically active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal phosphate." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0031928
|
0 |
pyridoxine transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the directed movement of pyridoxine across a membrane into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Pyridoxine, 2-methyl-3-hydroxy-4,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)pyridine, is one of the vitamin B6 compounds. Pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine are collectively known as vitamin B6, and are efficiently converted to the biologically active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal phosphate." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0031932
|
0 |
TORC2 complex |
"A protein complex that contains at least TOR (target of rapamycin) and Rictor (rapamycin-insensitive companion of TOR), or orthologs of, in complex with other signaling components. Mediates the phosphorylation and activation of PKB (also called AKT). In Saccharomyces, the complex contains Avo1p, Avo2p, Tsc11p, Lst8p, Bit61p, Slm1p, Slm2p, and Tor2p." [GOC:bf, GOC:jh, PMID:14736892, PMID:15780592, PMID:16469695, PMID:21548787] |
|
GO:0031942
|
0 |
i-AAA complex |
"Protease complex of the mitochondrial inner membrane whose catalytic residues lie on the intermembrane space side of the inner membrane; involved in mitochondrial protein turnover. Contains a subunit belonging to the AAA family of ATP-dependent metalloproteases." [PMID:16247555, PMID:16267274] |
|
GO:0031975
|
0 |
envelope |
"A multilayered structure surrounding all or part of a cell; encompasses one or more lipid bilayers, and may include a cell wall layer; also includes the space between layers." [GOC:mah, GOC:pz] |
|
GO:0031982
|
0 |
vesicle |
"Any small, fluid-filled, spherical organelle enclosed by membrane." [GOC:mah, GOC:pz, GOC:vesicles] |
|
GO:0031988
|
0 |
membrane-bounded vesicle |
"Any small, fluid-filled, spherical organelle enclosed by a lipid bilayer." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0031990
|
1 |
mRNA export from nucleus in response to heat stress |
"The directed movement of mRNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm during a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for the organism; in particular, a process that enables an organism withstand exposure to temperatures that would otherwise lethally impair poly(A)+ mRNA-nucleus export." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0031993
|
0 |
light transducer activity |
"Absorbing energy from one or more photons and transferring their energy to another molecule, usually a protein, within the cell." [GOC:mah, GOC:mlg] |
|
GO:0031997
|
0 |
N-terminal myristoylation domain binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the N-terminus of a protein that has the potential to be, or has been, modified by N-terminal myristoylation. Binding affinity is typically altered by myristoylation; for example, N-terminal myristoylation of HIV Nef increases its affinity for calmodulin." [GOC:dl, GOC:jsg, PMID:15632291] |
|
GO:0032009
|
0 |
early phagosome |
"A membrane-bounded intracellular vesicle as initially formed upon the ingestion of particulate material by phagocytosis." [GOC:mah, PMID:12388753] |
|
GO:0032021
|
0 |
NELF complex |
"A complex of five proteins, designated NELF-A, -B, -C, -D, and -E in human, that can physically associate with RNP polymerase II to induce transcriptional pausing." [PMID:12612062] |
|
GO:0032039
|
0 |
integrator complex |
"A protein complex that stably associates with the C-terminus of RNA polymerase II and mediates 3'-end processing of small nuclear RNAs generated by RNA polymerase II." [PMID:16239144] |
|
GO:0032040
|
0 |
small-subunit processome |
"A large ribonucleoprotein complex that is an early preribosomal complex. In S. cerevisiae, it has a size of 80S and consists of the 35S pre-rRNA, early-associating ribosomal proteins most of which are part of the small ribosomal subunit, the U3 snoRNA and associated proteins." [GOC:krc, GOC:vw, PMID:12068309, PMID:12957375, PMID:15120992, PMID:15590835] |
|
GO:0032047
|
0 |
mitosome |
"A double-membrane-bounded organelle that functions in iron-sulfur protein maturation; evolutionarily derived from mitochondria. The mitosome has been detected only in anaerobic or microaerophilic organisms that do not have mitochondria, such as Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia intestinalis and several species of Microsporidia. These organisms are not capable of gaining energy from oxidative phosphorylation, which is normally performed by mitochondria." [GOC:giardia, PMID:10361303, PMID:14614504, PMID:24316280] |
|
GO:0032053
|
0 |
ciliary basal body organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a ciliary basal body, a short cylindrical array of microtubules and associated proteins found at the base of a eukaryotic cilium (also called flagellum)." [GOC:cilia, GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah, PMID:9889124] |
|
GO:0032116
|
0 |
SMC loading complex |
"A protein complex required for the loading of a structural maintenance of chromosome (SMC) complex, such as cohesin, condensin or SMC5/SMC6, onto DNA. Appears to be eukaryotically conserved." [GOC:curators, GOC:vw, PMID:10882066] |
|
GO:0032126
|
0 |
eisosome |
"A cell part that is composed of the eisosome membrane or MCC domain, a furrow-like plasma membrane sub-domain and associated integral transmembrane proteins, and the proteins (eisosome filaments) that form a scaffolding lattice on the cytoplasmic face. Eisosomes broadly affect overall plasma membrane organization." [GOC:al, GOC:vw, PMID:16496001, PMID:22368779] |
|
GO:0032133
|
0 |
chromosome passenger complex |
"A eukaryotically conserved protein complex that localizes to kinetochores in early mitosis, the spindle mid-zone in anaphase B and to the telophase midbody. It has been proposed that the passenger complex coordinates various events based on its location to different structures during the course of mitosis. Complex members include the BIR-domain-containing protein Survivin, Aurora kinase, INCENP and Borealin." [GOC:vw, PMID:16824200, PMID:19570910] |
|
GO:0032153
|
0 |
cell division site |
"The eventual plane of cell division (also known as cell cleavage or cytokinesis) in a dividing cell. In Eukaryotes, the cleavage apparatus, composed of septin structures and the actomyosin contractile ring, forms along this plane, and the mitotic, or meiotic, spindle is aligned perpendicular to the division plane. In bacteria, the cell division site is generally located at mid-cell and is the site at which the cytoskeletal structure, the Z-ring, assembles." [GOC:bf, GOC:imk, GOC:krc, GOC:ns, PMID:12101122, PMID:15380095, PMID:16983191, PMID:18165305] |
|
GO:0032154
|
0 |
cleavage furrow |
"In animal cells, the first sign of cleavage, or cytokinesis, is the appearance of a shallow groove in the cell surface near the old metaphase plate. A contractile ring containing actin and myosin is located just inside the plasma membrane at the location of the furrow. Ring contraction is associated with centripetal growth of the membrane that deepens the cleavage furrow and divides the cytoplasm of the two daughter cells. While the term 'cleavage furrow' was initially associated with animal cells, such a structure occurs in many other types of cells, including unicellular protists." [ISBN:0805319409] |
|
GO:0032158
|
0 |
septin band |
"A diffuse ring composed of a series of septin bars that run parallel to the long axis of the cell. This type of septin structure has been observed in a number of locations associated with polarized grown and/or deposition of new membrane, but not with cytokinesis, such as at the shmoo (mating projection) neck, at the junction between the mother cell and the germ tube (hypha) of a fungal cell growing filamentously." [GOC:krc, PMID:16151244] |
|
GO:0032162
|
0 |
mating projection septin band |
"A septin band, i.e. a diffuse ring composed of a series of septin bars running parallel to the long axis of the cell, located at the neck of a shmoo (mating projection)." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:16151244] |
|
GO:0032163
|
0 |
hyphal septin band |
"A septin band, i.e. a diffuse ring composed of a series of septin bars running parallel to the long axis of the cell, located at the junction between the mother cell and the germ tube (hypha) of a fungal cell growing filamentously." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:16151244] |
|
GO:0032176
|
0 |
split septin rings |
"A pair of rings that flank the site of cell division, formed by splitting of the septin ring (or collar) prior to cytokinesis; this double ring structure is thought to trap proteins needed for cytokinesis or the formation of the new membrane or cell wall between the two septin rings. Split septin rings are known to occur in budding yeast cells and probably occur in other cell types as well." [GOC:krc, PMID:16009555, PMID:16151244] |
|
GO:0032182
|
0 |
ubiquitin-like protein binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a small conjugating protein such as ubiquitin or a ubiquitin-like protein." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0032183
|
0 |
SUMO binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the small ubiquitin-like protein SUMO." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0032184
|
0 |
SUMO polymer binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a polymer of the small ubiquitin-like protein SUMO." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0032219
|
0 |
cell wall macromolecule catabolic process involved in cytogamy |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of macromolecules forming part of a cell wall that contribute to cytogamy." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0032221
|
0 |
Rpd3S complex |
"A eukaryotically conserved histone deacetylase complex which deacetylates histones preferentially in promoter regions. Composed of a catalytic histone deacetylase subunit, a chromodomain protein, a SIN3 family co-repressor, and a WD repeat protein (Clr6p, Alp13p, Pst2p, and Prw1p respectively in Schizosaccharomyces; Rpd3p, Sin3p, Ume1p, Rco1p and Eaf3 in Saccharomyces; homologs thereof in other species)." [GOC:vw, PMID:12773392, PMID:17450151] |
|
GO:0032267
|
0 |
tRNA(Ile)-lysidine synthase activity |
"Catalysis of the ligation of lysine onto the cytidine residue present at the wobble position (usually position 34) of an AUA-specific isoleucine tRNA, to form the derivative lysidine. This modification converts both the codon specificity of tRNA(Ile) from AUG to AUA and its amino acid specificity from methionine to isoleucine." [PMID:14527414] |
|
GO:0032274
|
0 |
gonadotropin secretion |
"The regulated release of a gonadotropin, any hormone that stimulates the gonads, especially follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0721662544] |
|
GO:0032294
|
0 |
peripheral nervous system non-myelinated axon ensheathment |
"The process in which a non-myelinating Schwann cell membrane encircles an axon in the peripheral nervous system. A single non-myelinating Schwann cell will typically associate with multiple axons." [GOC:dgh] |
|
GO:0032301
|
0 |
MutSalpha complex |
"A heterodimer involved in the recognition and repair of base-base and small insertion/deletion mismatches. In human the complex consists of two subunits, MSH2 and MSH6." [PMID:11005803] |
|
GO:0032310
|
0 |
prostaglandin secretion |
"The regulated release of a prostaglandin, any of a group of biologically active metabolites which contain a cyclopentane ring, from a cell or a tissue." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0032389
|
0 |
MutLalpha complex |
"A heterodimer involved in the recognition of base-base and small insertion/deletion mismatches. In human the complex consists of two subunits, MLH1 and PMS2." [GOC:vk] |
|
GO:0032390
|
0 |
MutLbeta complex |
"A heterodimer involved in the recognition of base-base and small insertion/deletion mismatches. In human the complex consists of two subunits, MLH1 and PMS1." [GOC:vk] |
|
GO:0032427
|
0 |
GBD domain binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the GTPase protein binding domain (GDB) domain of a protein. The GBD is a short motif, including a minimum region of 16 amino acids, identified in proteins that bind to small GTPases such as Cdc42 and Rac." [GOC:mah, GOC:pg, PMID:9119069] |
|
GO:0032444
|
0 |
activin responsive factor complex |
"A transcriptionally active complex that binds to an activin response element (ARE) in the promoter of target genes, and is composed of two SMAD2 proteins, one SMAD4 protein and a Forkhead activin signal transducer (FAST) transcription factor." [PMID:12374795, PMID:9288972] |
|
GO:0032446
|
200 |
protein modification by small protein conjugation |
"A protein modification process in which one or more groups of a small protein, such as ubiquitin or a ubiquitin-like protein, are covalently attached to a target protein." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0032494
|
0 |
response to peptidoglycan |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptidoglycan stimulus. Peptidoglycan is a bacterial cell wall macromolecule." [GOC:add, ISBN:0721601464] |
|
GO:0032496
|
2 |
response to lipopolysaccharide |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipopolysaccharide stimulus; lipopolysaccharide is a major component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria." [GOC:add, ISBN:0721601464] |
|
GO:0032497
|
0 |
detection of lipopolysaccharide |
"The series of events in which a lipopolysaccharide stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. Lipopolysaccharide is a major component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria." [GOC:add, PMID:15998797] |
|
GO:0032499
|
0 |
detection of peptidoglycan |
"The series of events in which a peptidoglycan stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. Peptidoglycan is a bacterial cell wall macromolecule." [GOC:add, ISBN:0721601464] |
|
GO:0032579
|
0 |
apical lamina of hyaline layer |
"A fibrous network that is part of the hyalin layer extracellular matrix. The apical lamina is thought to be principally composed of the glycoproteins fibropellins. This matrix has been found in echinoderms." [GOC:ecd, PMID:2060714, PMID:7608987, PMID:9638331] |
|
GO:0032593
|
0 |
insulin-responsive compartment |
"A small membrane-bounded vesicle that releases its contents by exocytosis in response to insulin stimulation; the contents are enriched in GLUT4, IRAP and VAMP2." [PMID:17644329] |
|
GO:0032596
|
0 |
protein transport into membrane raft |
"The directed movement of a protein into a membrane raft. Membrane rafts are small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0032599
|
0 |
protein transport out of membrane raft |
"The directed movement of a protein out of a membrane raft. Membrane rafts are small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0032807
|
0 |
DNA ligase IV complex |
"A eukaryotically conserved protein complex that contains DNA ligase IV and is involved in DNA repair by non-homologous end joining; in addition to the ligase, the complex also contains XRCC4 or a homolog, e.g. Saccharomyces Lif1p." [PMID:16314503] |
|
GO:0032837
|
0 |
distributive segregation |
"The cell cycle process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets during a normally chiasmate meiosis under the condition that chiasma have not occurred between a particular pair of homologs. Distributive segregation is a "backup" mechanism to ensure the segregation of homologs that have failed to cross over - either as a consequence of mutation or not, as, for example, the 4th chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster (which never exchanges, presumably due to its small size) - but nevertheless segregate normally." [GOC:expert_rsh, GOC:ma, GOC:sart] |
|
GO:0032838
|
0 |
cell projection cytoplasm |
"All of the contents of a cell projection, excluding the plasma membrane surrounding the projection." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0032839
|
0 |
dendrite cytoplasm |
"All of the contents of a dendrite, excluding the surrounding plasma membrane." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0032884
|
0 |
regulation of cell wall chitin biosynthetic process |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cell wall chitin." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0032923
|
0 |
organic phosphonate biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phosphonates, any organic compound containing one or more C-PO(OH)2 or C-PO(OR)2 (with R=alkyl, aryl) groups. Synthesis of phosphonic acid itself, an inorganic compound without the biochemically relevant C-P bond, is not included." [GOC:js] |
|
GO:0032979
|
0 |
protein insertion into mitochondrial membrane from inner side |
"The process in which a protein is incorporated into the mitochondrial membrane from the inner side. This includes membrane insertion of newly synthesized mitochondrially-encoded proteins, and insertion of nuclear-encoded proteins after their import into the mitochondrial matrix." [PMID:12880202, PMID:15473843] |
|
GO:0032995
|
0 |
regulation of fungal-type cell wall biogenesis |
"Any process that modulates the process in which a cell wall is synthesized, aggregates, and bonds together. The fungal-type cell wall contains beta-glucan and may contain chitin." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0033009
|
0 |
nucleomorph |
"A small, vestigial nucleus found in some plastids that derive from a eukaryotic endosymbiont. Observed in chlorarachniophytes and cryptomonads, which acquired their plastids from a green and red alga respectively." [PMID:16760254] |
|
GO:0033010
|
0 |
paranodal junction |
"A highly specialized cell-cell junction found in vertebrates, which forms between a neuron and a glial cell, and has structural similarity to Drosophila septate junctions. It flanks the node of Ranvier in myelinated nerve and electrically isolates the myelinated from unmyelinated nerve segments and physically separates the voltage-gated sodium channels at the node from the cluster of potassium channels underneath the myelin sheath." [PMID:11395001, PMID:14630217] |
|
GO:0033011
|
0 |
perinuclear theca |
"A condensed cytoplasmic structure that covers the nucleus of mammalian spermatozoa except for a narrow zone around the insertion of the tail. It shows two distinct regions, a subacrosomal layer and, continuing caudally beyond the acrosomic system, the postacrosomal sheath. The perinuclear theca has been considered a cytoskeletal scaffold responsible for maintaining the overall architecture of the mature sperm head; however, recent studies indicate that the bulk of its constituent proteins are not traditional cytoskeletal proteins but rather a variety of cytosolic proteins." [PMID:17289678, PMID:8025156] |
|
GO:0033024
|
0 |
mast cell apoptotic process |
"Any apoptotic process in a mast cell, a cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation." [CL:0000097, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:11292031, PMID:12360215, PMID:16605130] |
|
GO:0033067
|
0 |
macrolide metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving macrolides, any of a large group of polyketide compounds that contain a large lactone ring with few or no double bonds and no nitrogen atoms, linked glycosidically to one or more sugar groups. The macrolides include the carbomycins, the erythromycins, oleandomycin, oligomycins, and the spiramycins, and act as antibiotics, mainly against Gram-positive bacteria." [ISBN:0198506732, PMID:17298179] |
|
GO:0033068
|
0 |
macrolide biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways leading to the formation of macrolides, any of a large group of polyketide compounds that contain a large lactone ring with few or no double bonds and no nitrogen atoms, linked glycosidically to one or more sugar groups. The macrolides include the carbomycins, the erythromycins, oleandomycin, oligomycins, and the spiramycins, and act as antibiotics, mainly against Gram-positive bacteria." [ISBN:0198506732, PMID:17298179] |
|
GO:0033093
|
0 |
Weibel-Palade body |
"A large, elongated, rod-shaped secretory granule characteristic of vascular endothelial cells that contain a number of structurally and functionally distinct proteins, of which the best characterized are von Willebrand factor (VWF) and P-selectin. Weibel-Palade bodies are formed from the trans-Golgi network in a process that depends on VWF, which is densely packed in a highly organized manner, and on coat proteins that remain associated with the granules. Upon cell stimulation, regulated exocytosis releases the contained proteins to the cell surface, where they act in the recruitment of platelets and leukocytes and in inflammatory and vasoactive responses." [PMID:11935287, PMID:16087708] |
|
GO:0033099
|
0 |
attachment organelle |
"A membrane-bounded extension of the cell, originally characterized in Mycoplasma species, that contains an electron-dense core that is part of the cytoskeleton and is oriented lengthwise and ends distally in a bulbous knob (terminal button). Required for adherence to host cells and involved in gliding motility and cell division." [http://authors.library.caltech.edu/3529/, PMID:11325545, PMID:12003948] |
|
GO:0033117
|
0 |
esterosome |
"A vesicle filled with crystalline protein that shows sequence similarities with various esterases." [GOC:ecd, PMID:2307702] |
|
GO:0033131
|
1 |
regulation of glucokinase activity |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glucokinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a glucose molecule." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0033132
|
1 |
negative regulation of glucokinase activity |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glucokinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a glucose molecule." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0033133
|
0 |
positive regulation of glucokinase activity |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of glucokinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a glucose molecule." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0033174
|
0 |
chloroplast proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, catalytic core CF(1) |
"The catalytic sector of the mitochondrial hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase; it comprises the catalytic core and central stalk, and is peripherally associated with the chloroplast thylakoid membrane when the entire ATP synthase is assembled. The chloroplast F0 domain contains three alpha, three beta, one gamma, one delta, and one epsilon subunits." [GOC:mah, GOC:pj, PMID:11032839] |
|
GO:0033175
|
0 |
chloroplast proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor CF(o) |
"All non-F1 subunits of the chloroplast hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral chloroplast thylakoid membrane proteins." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0033178
|
0 |
proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex, catalytic domain |
"A protein complex that forms part of a proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex and catalyzes ATP hydrolysis or synthesis. The catalytic domain (F1, V1, or A1) comprises a hexameric catalytic core and a central stalk, and is peripherally associated with the membrane when the two-sector ATPase is assembled." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] |
|
GO:0033186
|
0 |
CAF-1 complex |
"A conserved heterotrimeric protein complex that promotes histone H3 and H4 deposition onto newly synthesized DNA during replication or DNA repair; specifically facilitates replication-dependent nucleosome assembly with the major histone H3 (H3.1). In many species the CAF-1 subunits are designated p150, p60, and p48." [PMID:17065558, PMID:17083276] |
|
GO:0033255
|
0 |
SAS acetyltransferase complex |
"A protein complex that possesses histone acetyltransferase activity and links histone acetylation to the assembly of transcriptionally silent chromatin. In vitro, the complex acetylates lysine 16 of histone H4 and lysine 14 of histone H3, although the latter may not be relevant in vivo. The complex contains a catalytic subunit and at least two other subunits; in Saccharomyces, the catalytic subunit is Sas2p and additional subunits are Sas4p and Sas5p." [PMID:11731480, PMID:12626510, PMID:15788653] |
|
GO:0033257
|
0 |
Bcl3/NF-kappaB2 complex |
"A protein complex containing one Bcl protein and one or more copies of NF-kappaB2; formation of complexes of different stoichiometry depends on the Bcl3:NF-kappaB2 ratio, and allow Bcl3 to exert different regulatory effects on NF-kappaB2-dependent transcription." [GOC:mah, PMID:9407099] |
|
GO:0033264
|
0 |
obsolete bontoxilysin activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of limited hydrolysis of proteins of the neuroexocytosis apparatus, synaptobrevins, SNAP25 or syntaxin. No detected action on small molecule substrates." [EC:3.4.24.69] |
|
GO:0033277
|
0 |
abortive mitotic cell cycle |
"A cell cycle in which mitosis is begun and progresses normally through the end of anaphase, but not completed, resulting in a cell with increased ploidy." [GOC:mah, PMID:9573008] |
|
GO:0033290
|
0 |
eukaryotic 48S preinitiation complex |
"A protein complex composed of the small ribosomal subunit, eIF3, eIF1A, methionyl-initiatior methionine and a capped mRNA. The complex is initially positioned at the 5'-end of the capped mRNA." [GOC:hjd, PMID:15145049] |
|
GO:0033291
|
0 |
eukaryotic 80S initiation complex |
"A protein complex composed of the large and small ribosomal subunits, methionyl-initiatior tRNA, and the capped mRNA. The initiator tRNA is positioned at the ribosomal P site at the AUG codon corresponding to the beginning of the coding region." [GOC:hjd, PMID:15145049] |
|
GO:0033298
|
0 |
contractile vacuole organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a contractile vacuole. A specialized vacuole that fills with water from the cytoplasm and then discharges this externally by the opening of contractile vacuole pores." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0033301
|
0 |
cell cycle comprising mitosis without cytokinesis |
"A mitotic cell cycle in which mitosis is completed but cytokinesis does not occur, resulting in a cell containing multiple nuclei each with a chromosomal complement of the original ploidy (usually 2N)." [GOC:expert_vm, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0033363
|
0 |
secretory granule organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a secretory granule. A secretory granule is a small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0033364
|
0 |
mast cell secretory granule organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a secretory granule in a mast cell. A secretory granule is a small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0033371
|
0 |
T cell secretory granule organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a secretory granule in a T cell. A secretory granule is a small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, that is formed from the Golgi apparatus and contains a highly concentrated protein destined for secretion." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0033544
|
0 |
fatty acid beta-oxidation, unsaturated, even number, epimerase pathway |
"A fatty acid beta-oxidation pathway by which fatty acids having cis-double bonds on even-numbered carbons are degraded. In this pathway, the intermediate 2,4-dienoyl-CoA is converted to cis-2-enoyl-CoA through one more cycle of the core beta-oxidation pathway. Cis-2-enoyl-CoA cannot be completely degraded via the core beta-oxidation pathway because hydratation of cis-2-enoyl-CoA yields D-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA, which is not a substrate for 3-hydroxylacyl-CoA dehydrogenase. Cis-2-enoyl-CoA must enter the so-called epimerase pathway, which involves converting D-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA to L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA by 3-hydroxylacyl-CoA epimerase or by two stereo-specific enoyl-CoA hydratases. L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA then returns to the core beta-oxidation pathway. Fatty acid beta-oxidation begins with the addition of coenzyme A to a fatty acid, and ends when only two or three carbons remain (as acetyl-CoA or propionyl-CoA respectively)." [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-5138] |
|
GO:0033554
|
510 |
cellular response to stress |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0033555
|
2 |
multicellular organismal response to stress |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a multicellular organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0033557
|
0 |
Slx1-Slx4 complex |
"A heterodimeric protein complex that possesses an endonuclease activity that specifically cleaves certain types of branched DNA structures; because such structures often form during the replication ribosomal DNA (rDNA) repeats, the complex plays a role in the maintenance of rDNA. The subunits are known as Slx1 and Slx 4 in budding and fission yeasts, and are conserved in eukaryotes." [PMID:14528010, PMID:16467377] |
|
GO:0033588
|
0 |
Elongator holoenzyme complex |
"A heterohexameric protein complex that is involved in modification of wobble nucleosides in tRNA. The complex can associate physically with hyperphosphorylated RNA polymerase II; it contains two discrete heterotrimeric subcomplexes." [GOC:bhm, GOC:jh, GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:11435442, PMID:11689709, PMID:15769872, PMID:17018299, PMID:18755837, PMID:23165209] |
|
GO:0033596
|
0 |
TSC1-TSC2 complex |
"A protein complex consisting of at least tumerin and hamartin; its formation may regulate hamartin homomultimer formation. The complex acts as a GTPase activating protein (GAP) for the small GTPase (Rheb), and inhibits the TOR signaling pathway." [PMID:10585443, PMID:17121544, PMID:9580671] |
|
GO:0033646
|
0 |
host intracellular part |
"Any constituent part of the living contents of a host cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0033655
|
0 |
host cell cytoplasm part |
"Any constituent part of the host cell cytoplasm, all of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0033670
|
0 |
regulation of NAD+ kinase activity |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of NAD kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to an NAD molecule." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0033671
|
0 |
negative regulation of NAD+ kinase activity |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of NAD kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to an NAD molecule." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0033672
|
0 |
positive regulation of NAD+ kinase activity |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of NAD kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to an NAD molecule." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0033673
|
29 |
negative regulation of kinase activity |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0033674
|
34 |
positive regulation of kinase activity |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0033692
|
57 |
cellular polysaccharide biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polysaccharides, polymers of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically, occurring at the level of an individual cell." [CHEBI:18154, GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0033693
|
0 |
neurofilament bundle assembly |
"The assembly of neurofilaments into bundles, in which the filaments are longitudinally oriented, with numerous crossbridges between them. Neurofilament bundles may be cross-linked to each other, to membrane-bounded organelles or other cytoskeletal structures such as microtubules." [PMID:11034913, PMID:11264295] |
|
GO:0033736
|
0 |
L-lysine 6-oxidase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysine + H(2)O + O(2) = allysine + H(2)O(2) + NH(4)(+)." [EC:1.4.3.20, RHEA:22551] |
|
GO:0033768
|
0 |
SUMO-targeted ubiquitin ligase complex |
"A nuclear ubiquitin ligase complex that specifically targets SUMOylated proteins; the complex is formed of homodimers or heterodimers of RNF4 family ubiquitin ligases and is conserved in eukaryotes." [GOC:vw, PMID:17762864, PMID:17762865] |
|
GO:0033769
|
0 |
glyceollin synthase activity |
"Catalysis of the reactions: 2-dimethylallyl-(6aS,11aS)-3,6a,9-trihydroxypterocarpan + NADPH + H+ + O2 = glyceollin + NADP+ + 2 H2O, and 4-dimethylallyl-(6aS,11aS)-3,6a,9-trihydroxypterocarpan + NADPH + H+ + O2 = glyceollin + NADP+ + 2 H2O." [EC:1.14.13.85] |
|
GO:0033849
|
0 |
chrysanthemyl diphosphate synthase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: 2 dimethylallyl diphosphate = (R,R)-chrysanthemyl diphosphate + diphosphate." [EC:2.5.1.67, RHEA:14012] |
|
GO:0033851
|
0 |
lavandulyl diphosphate synthase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: 2 dimethylallyl diphosphate = diphosphate + lavandulyl diphosphate." [EC:2.5.1.69, RHEA:21679] |
|
GO:0033954
|
0 |
alpha-neoagaro-oligosaccharide hydrolase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of the 1,3-alpha-L-galactosidic linkages of neoagaro-oligosaccharides that are smaller than a hexamer, yielding 3,6-anhydro-L-galactose and D-galactose." [EC:3.2.1.159] |
|
GO:0033967
|
2 |
box C/D snoRNA metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving box C/D type small nucleolar RNA." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0033979
|
1 |
box H/ACA snoRNA metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving box H/ACA type small nucleolar RNA." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034009
|
0 |
isoprene synthase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: dimethylallyl diphosphate = diphosphate + isoprene." [EC:4.2.3.27, RHEA:13372] |
|
GO:0034016
|
0 |
polyenoic fatty acid isomerase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: all-cis-icosa-5,8,11,14,17-pentaenoate = (5Z,7E,9E,14Z,17Z)-icosapentaenoate." [EC:5.3.3.13, RHEA:14892] |
|
GO:0034020
|
0 |
neoxanthin synthase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-violaxanthin = all-trans-neoxanthin." [EC:5.3.99.9, RHEA:10131] |
|
GO:0034050
|
0 |
host programmed cell death induced by symbiont |
"Cell death in a host resulting from activation of host endogenous cellular processes after direct or indirect interaction with a symbiont (defined as the smaller of two, or more, organisms engaged in symbiosis, a close interaction encompassing mutualism through parasitism). An example of direct interaction is contact with penetrating hyphae of a fungus; an example of indirect interaction is encountering symbiont-secreted molecules." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0034065
|
0 |
replication fork processing at rDNA locus |
"The process in which a DNA replication fork that has stalled at the rDNA replication fork barrier (RFB) is repaired and replication is restarted." [GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0034077
|
0 |
butanediol metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving butanediol; the biologically relevant isomer is 2,3-butanediol, CH3CH(OH)CH(OH)CH3." [ISBN:0911910123, MetaCyc:BUTANEDIOL, MetaCyc:P125-PWY] |
|
GO:0034078
|
0 |
butanediol catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of butanediol; the biologically relevant isomer is 2,3-butanediol, CH3CH(OH)CH(OH)CH3." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0911910123, MetaCyc:125-PWY, MetaCyc:BUTANEDIOL] |
|
GO:0034079
|
0 |
butanediol biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of butanediol; the biologically relevant isomer is 2,3-butanediol, CH3CH(OH)CH(OH)CH3." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0911910123, MetaCyc:125-PWY, MetaCyc:BUTANEDIOL] |
|
GO:0034189
|
0 |
very-low-density lipoprotein particle binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a very-low-density lipoprotein particle, a triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle that is typically composed of APOB100, APOE and APOCs and has a density of about 1.006 g/ml and a diameter of between 20-80 nm." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034217
|
0 |
ascospore wall chitin biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ascospore wall chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of P-1,4-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in the walls of ascospores." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0034218
|
0 |
ascospore wall chitin metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving ascospore wall chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of P-1,4-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in the walls of ascospores." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0034221
|
0 |
fungal-type cell wall chitin biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cell wall chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of P-1,4-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in the walls of fungal cells." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034222
|
0 |
regulation of cell wall chitin metabolic process |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving chitin in a cell wall." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034223
|
0 |
regulation of ascospore wall chitin biosynthetic process |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ascospore wall chitin." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034232
|
0 |
ascospore wall chitin catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ascospore wall chitin, a linear polysaccharide consisting of P-1,4-linked N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues, found in the walls of ascospores." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034233
|
0 |
regulation of cell wall chitin catabolic process |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cell wall chitin." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034234
|
0 |
regulation of ascospore wall chitin catabolic process |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ascospore wall chitin." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034290
|
0 |
holin activity |
"A compound function consisting of the regulated formation of a pore via oligomerisation of an existing pool of subunits in the plasma membrane. The resulting channel activity directly or indirectly allows murein hydrolyases to access their cell wall substrate." [GOC:jh2, PMID:1406491, PMID:25157079] |
|
GO:0034291
|
0 |
canonical holin activity |
"A compound function consisting of the regulated formation of a pore via oligomerisation of an existing pool of subunits in the plasma membrane. The resulting channel activity directly allows release of a fully-folded phage-encoded endolysin (murein-degradase) from the cell." [GOC:jh2, GOC:mah, PMID:1406491, PMID:25157079] |
|
GO:0034292
|
0 |
pinholin activity |
"A compound function consisting of the regulated formation of a pore via oligomerisation of an existing pool of subunits in the plasma membrane. The resulting ion channel activity indirectly allows endolysin (murein hydrolyases) to access their cell wall substrate by collapsing the proton motive force (PMF) across the membrane, allowing the endolysin to fold to an active form and hydrolyze bonds in the peptidoglycan cell wall." [GOC:jh2, GOC:mah, PMID:1406491, PMID:25157079] |
|
GO:0034294
|
0 |
sexual spore wall assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a sexual spore wall, the specialized envelope lying outside the cell membrane of a spore derived from a product of meiosis." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034295
|
0 |
basidiospore formation |
"The process in which spores form outside a specialized end cell known as a basidium. Basidia are characteristic of the basidiomycete fungi (phylum Basidiomycota), and give rise to spores that each contain a haploid nucleus that is the product of meiosis. The spores are usually attached to the basidium by short spikes called sterigmata (singular: sterigma). In most basidiomycetes there are four sterigmata (and four spores) to a basidium." [GOC:di, GOC:ds, GOC:mah, GOC:mcc, http://www.gsbs.utmb.edu/microbook/ch073.htm, http://www.ilmyco.gen.chicago.il.us/Terms/basid133.html] |
|
GO:0034296
|
0 |
zygospore formation |
"The process in which zygospores are formed. Zygospores are characteristic of the zygomycete fungi (phylum Zygomycota) thick-walled and darkly colored, and usually heavily ornamented as well, with many spines or ridges. It is formed between two specialized organs called suspensors, which are themselves usually heavily ornamented, one from each mating partner. The zygospore forms between them and then breaks away." [GOC:ds, GOC:mah, http://www.ilmyco.gen.chicago.il.us/Terms/zygos581.html] |
|
GO:0034297
|
0 |
oidium formation |
"The process in which oidia, a type of asexual spore found in fungi, are formed. Oidia are borne a few at a time on very simple hyphae that protrude a short distance into the substrate, and are usually presumed not to constitute the main reproductive strategy of the fungus." [GOC:mah, http://www.ilmyco.gen.chicago.il.us/Terms/oidiu163.html] |
|
GO:0034298
|
0 |
arthrospore formation |
"The formation of conidia by the conversion of a pre-existing hypha. An arthrospore is produced by the last cell on a hypha breaking off and dispersing. Usually the walls thicken and the cell(s) separates before swelling of each spore. Sometimes further septa form in each cell prior to disarticulation." [GOC:mah, http://bugs.bio.usyd.edu.au/Mycology/Glossary/glossary_a_b.shtml#arthrospore, http://www.ilmyco.gen.chicago.il.us/Terms/arthr620.html] |
|
GO:0034301
|
0 |
endospore formation |
"The process in which a cell gives rise to an endospore, a dormant, highly resistant spore with a thick wall that forms within the mother cell. Endospores are produced by some low G+C Gram-positive bacteria in response to harsh conditions." [GOC:ds, GOC:mah, ISBN:0470090278] |
|
GO:0034302
|
0 |
akinete formation |
"The process in which an akinete, a thick-walled (encysted) dormant cell derived from the enlargement of a vegetative cell, is formed. Akinetes typically have granular cytoplasm, are more resistant to environmental extremes than vegetative cells, and are characteristic of several groups of Cyanobacteria." [GOC:ds, GOC:mah, http://www.msu.edu/course/bot/423/algalglossary.htm#Reproductive, PMID:11948167] |
|
GO:0034303
|
0 |
myxospore formation |
"The process in which differentiated, resting cells are formed, usually within a fruiting body by Myxobacteria. The myxospore is more resistant to high temperature, dessication, and UV than vegetative myxobacteria." [GOC:ds, ISBN:0122268008] |
|
GO:0034311
|
1 |
diol metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving a diol, a compound that contains two hydroxy groups, generally assumed to be, but not necessarily, alcoholic." [CHEBI:23824] |
|
GO:0034335
|
0 |
DNA supercoiling activity |
"Catalytic introduction of supercoils in a DNA molecule or region thereof. In bacteria, negative supercoils are only introduced by DNA gyrase, a type II topoisomerase, but not all DNA gyrases are capable of introducing supercoils. In bacteria, the level of supercoiling varies widely between species and has been characterized properly in only a handful of organisms. The best characterized enzyme, from E.coli, is exceptionally proficient at supercoiling and this ability is not representative of all bacteria." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034355
|
0 |
NAD salvage |
"Any process that generates nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) from derivatives of it, without de novo synthesis; salvage is usually from the degradation products nicotinic acid (Na) and nicotinamide (Nam)." [GOC:mah, PMID:12648681] |
|
GO:0034360
|
0 |
chylomicron remnant |
"A lipoprotein particle that is derived from a mature chylomicron particle by the removal of triglycerides from the chylomicron core by lipoprotein lipase and the subsequent loss of surface components. It characteristically contains apolipoprotein E (APOE) and is cleared from the blood by the liver." [GOC:BHF, GOC:expert_pt, GOC:mah, GOC:rl] |
|
GO:0034361
|
0 |
very-low-density lipoprotein particle |
"A triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle that is typically composed of APOB100, APOE and APOCs and has a density of about 1.006 g/ml and a diameter of between 20-80 nm. It is found in blood and transports endogenous products (newly synthesized cholesterol and triglycerides) from the liver." [GOC:BHF, GOC:expert_pt, GOC:mah, GOC:rl] |
|
GO:0034362
|
0 |
low-density lipoprotein particle |
"A lipoprotein particle, rich in cholesterol esters and low in triglycerides that is typically composed of APOB100 and APOE and has a density of 1.02-1.06 g/ml and a diameter of between 20-25 nm. LDL particles are formed from VLDL particles (via IDL) by the loss of triglyceride and gain of cholesterol ester. They transport endogenous cholesterol (and to some extent triglycerides) from peripheral tissues back to the liver." [GOC:BHF, GOC:expert_pt, GOC:mah, GOC:rl] |
|
GO:0034363
|
0 |
intermediate-density lipoprotein particle |
"A triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle that typically contains APOB100, APOE and APOCs and has a density of 1.006-1.019 g/ml and a diameter of between 25-30 nm. IDL particles are found in blood and are formed by the delipidation of very-low-density lipoprotein particles (VLDL). IDL particles are removed from blood by the liver, following binding to the APOE receptor, or are converted to low-density lipoprotein (LDL)." [GOC:BHF, GOC:expert_pt, GOC:mah, GOC:rl] |
|
GO:0034364
|
0 |
high-density lipoprotein particle |
"A lipoprotein particle with a high density (typically 1.063-1.21 g/ml) and a diameter of 5-10 nm that contains APOAs and may contain APOCs and APOE; found in blood and carries lipids from body tissues to the liver as part of the reverse cholesterol transport process." [GOC:BHF, GOC:expert_pt, GOC:mah, GOC:pde, GOC:rl] |
|
GO:0034394
|
7 |
protein localization to cell surface |
"A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within the external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034404
|
0 |
nucleobase-containing small molecule biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a nucleobase-containing small molecule: a nucleobase, a nucleoside, or a nucleotide." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034406
|
0 |
cell wall beta-glucan metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034407
|
0 |
cell wall (1->3)-beta-D-glucan metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034408
|
0 |
ascospore wall beta-glucan metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of ascospores." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034409
|
0 |
ascospore wall (1->3)-beta-D-glucan metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of ascospores." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034410
|
0 |
cell wall beta-glucan biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034411
|
0 |
cell wall (1->3)-beta-D-glucan biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034412
|
0 |
ascospore wall beta-glucan biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of ascospores." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034413
|
0 |
ascospore wall (1->3)-beta-D-glucan biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of ascospores." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034451
|
0 |
centriolar satellite |
"A small (70-100 nm) cytoplasmic granule that contains a number of centrosomal proteins; centriolar satellites traffic toward microtubule minus ends and are enriched near the centrosome." [GOC:BHF, PMID:10579718, PMID:12403812] |
|
GO:0034462
|
1 |
small-subunit processome assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a small-subunit processome." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034463
|
0 |
90S preribosome assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of proteins and RNA molecules to form a 90S preribosome. The 90S preribosome represents the complex that forms on the primary rRNA transcript before it splits into the small subunit and large subunit portions." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0034510
|
0 |
centromere separation |
"The cell cycle process in which centromeres are physically detached from each other during chromosome separation." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034511
|
0 |
U3 snoRNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with U3 small nucleolar RNA." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034512
|
0 |
box C/D snoRNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with box C/D small nucleolar RNA." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034513
|
0 |
box H/ACA snoRNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with box H/ACA small nucleolar RNA." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034519
|
0 |
cytoplasmic RNA cap binding complex |
"A protein complex found in the cytoplasm that binds the 5' cap structure of an mRNA, and typically consists of the cap-binding protein eIF4E, the adaptor protein eIF4G, and a multi-factor complex comprising eIF1, eIF2, eIF3 and eIF5. This complex mediates recruitment of the 40S subunit to mRNA." [PMID:16405910] |
|
GO:0034609
|
3 |
spicule insertion |
"Insertion of the male copulatory spicules into the hermaphrodite. Spicule insertion behavior initiates when the male cloaca contacts the vulva. During most mating encounters, the spicule tips will prod the vulva continuously until they partially penetrate, which then causes the protractors to contract completely so that the spicules extend through the vulva." [PMID:18050467] |
|
GO:0034615
|
0 |
GCH1 complex |
"A protein complex that possesses GTP cyclohydrolase I activity. In E. coli and human, the complex is a homodecamer, and monomers are catalytically inactive." [PMID:16696853] |
|
GO:0034616
|
0 |
response to laminar fluid shear stress |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a laminar fluid shear stress stimulus. Laminar fluid flow is the force acting on an object in a system where the fluid is moving across a solid surface in parallel layers. As an example, laminar shear stress can be seen where blood flows against the luminal side of blood vessel walls." [GOC:ecd] |
|
GO:0034624
|
0 |
DNA recombinase assembly involved in gene conversion at mating-type locus |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of strand exchange proteins (recombinases) into higher order oligomers on single-stranded DNA, involved in the conversion of the mating-type locus from one allele to another." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034645
|
1653 |
cellular macromolecule biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass, carried out by individual cells." [CHEBI:33694, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034656
|
0 |
nucleobase-containing small molecule catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a nucleobase-containing small molecule: a nucleobase, a nucleoside, or a nucleotide." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034662
|
0 |
CFTR-NHERF-ezrin complex |
"A protein complex that contains ezrin, Na+/H+ exchanger regulatory factor (NHERF, also called EBP50), and two copies of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). The CFTR molecules interact with NHERF via their cytoplasmic tail domains; the complex is thought to link the CFTR channel to the actin cytoskeleton and contribute to the regulation of channel activity." [PMID:16129695, PMID:16798722, PMID:16926444] |
|
GO:0034672
|
0 |
anterior/posterior pattern specification involved in pronephros development |
"The developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within the pronephros along the anterior/posterior axis to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034693
|
0 |
U11/U12 snRNP |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex formed by the association of the U11 and U12 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins." [GOC:mah, PMID:15146077] |
|
GO:0034700
|
0 |
allulose 6-phosphate 3-epimerase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: D-allulose 6-phosphate = D-fructose 6-phosphate." [GOC:imk] |
|
GO:0034702
|
0 |
ion channel complex |
"A protein complex that spans a membrane and forms a water-filled channel across the phospholipid bilayer allowing selective ion transport down its electrochemical gradient." [GOC:mah, ISBN:071673706X] |
|
GO:0034709
|
0 |
methylosome |
"A large (20 S) protein complex that possesses protein arginine methyltransferase activity and modifies specific arginines to dimethylarginines in the arginine- and glycine-rich domains of several spliceosomal Sm proteins, thereby targeting these proteins to the survival of motor neurons (SMN) complex for assembly into small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) core particles. Proteins found in the methylosome include the methyltransferase JBP1 (PRMT5), pICln (CLNS1A), MEP50 (WDR77), and unmethylated forms of SM proteins that have RG domains." [PMID:11713266, PMID:11756452] |
|
GO:0034744
|
0 |
APC-IQGAP1-Cdc42 complex |
"A protein complex that contains the tumor suppressor protein adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), the small GTPase Cdc42, and the Rac1 and Cdc42 effector IQGAP1; may play a role in cytoskeleton organization and cell migration." [PMID:15572129] |
|
GO:0034745
|
0 |
APC-IQGAP1-Rac1 complex |
"A protein complex that contains the tumor suppressor protein adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), the small GTPase Rac1, and the Rac1 and Cdc42 effector IQGAP1; may play a role in cytoskeleton organization and cell migration." [PMID:15572129] |
|
GO:0034746
|
0 |
APC-IQGAP1-CLIP-170 complex |
"A protein complex that contains the tumor suppressor protein adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), the small GTPase Cdc42, and CLIP-170; may play a role in cytoskeleton organization and cell migration." [PMID:15572129] |
|
GO:0034754
|
1 |
cellular hormone metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving any hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone, as carried out by individual cells." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034963
|
2 |
box C/D snoRNA processing |
"Any process involved in the conversion of a primary box C/D type small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) transcript into a mature box C/D snoRNA." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034964
|
1 |
box H/ACA snoRNA processing |
"Any process involved in the conversion of a primary box H/ACA type small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) transcript into a mature box H/ACA snoRNA." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034965
|
0 |
intronic box C/D snoRNA processing |
"Any process involved in the conversion of a primary box C/D type small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) transcript that resides within, and is processed from, the intron of a pre-mRNA into a mature box C/D snoRNA." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034966
|
0 |
intronic box H/ACA snoRNA processing |
"Any process involved in the conversion of a primary box H/ACA type small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) transcript that resides within, and is processed from, the intron of a pre-mRNA into a mature box H/ACA snoRNA." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0034973
|
0 |
Sid2-Mob1 complex |
"A protein complex that contains a protein kinase (Sid2 in S. pombe) and its regulatory subunit (Mob1). The Sid2p-Mob1p kinase complex is a component of the septation initiation network in fission yeast (called the mitotic exit network in S. cerevisiae) and is required for cytokinesis. The analogous complex in S. cerevisiae is called Dbf2p-Mob1p complex." [GOC:vw, PMID:10837231, PMID:15060149] |
|
GO:0034975
|
5 |
protein folding in endoplasmic reticulum |
"A protein folding process that takes place in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Secreted, plasma membrane and organelle proteins are folded in the ER, assisted by chaperones and foldases (protein disulphide isomerases), and additional factors required for optimal folding (ATP, Ca2+ and an oxidizing environment to allow disulfide bond formation)." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0034976
|
116 |
response to endoplasmic reticulum stress |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stress acting at the endoplasmic reticulum. ER stress usually results from the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen." [GOC:cjm, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0035001
|
0 |
dorsal trunk growth, open tracheal system |
"Growth of epithelial tubes that originate from pits in an open tracheal system and grow towards each other to meet and form a continuous open tube called the dorsal trunk. The dorsal trunk extends from the anterior spiracle to the posterior spiracle of the larva and forms the main airway of the insect tracheal system." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0035040
|
0 |
sperm nuclear envelope removal |
"Removal of the sperm nuclear envelope, allowing entry of maternal factors into the sperm nucleus." [GOC:bf, PMID:11735001] |
|
GO:0035042
|
0 |
fertilization, exchange of chromosomal proteins |
"Replacement of sperm-specific chromosomal proteins with somatic histones, to allow the paternal genome to acquire a nucleosomal chromatin organization compatible with nuclear activity." [GOC:bf, PMID:11735001] |
|
GO:0035044
|
0 |
sperm aster formation |
"Formation and organization of an aster composed of microtubule arrays originating from the sperm basal body and extending virtually to the egg periphery. The sperm aster ensures the appropriate positioning of the male and female pronuclei." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0035069
|
0 |
larval midgut histolysis |
"The stage-specific break down of the larval midgut during Drosophila metamorphosis, to allow replacement of larval structures by tissues and structures that form the adult fly." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:9409683] |
|
GO:0035070
|
0 |
salivary gland histolysis |
"The stage-specific break down of the larval salivary glands during Drosophila metamorphosis, to allow replacement of larval structures by tissues and structures that form the adult fly." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:9409683] |
|
GO:0035082
|
1 |
axoneme assembly |
"The assembly and organization of an axoneme, the bundle of microtubules and associated proteins that forms the core of cilia (also called flagella) in eukaryotic cells and is responsible for their movements." [GOC:bf, GOC:cilia, GOC:jl, ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0035087
|
0 |
siRNA loading onto RISC involved in RNA interference |
"The transfer of small interfering RNA molecules (siRNAs) from the Dicer family of enzymes that cleave the double-stranded RNA, onto the nuclease-containing RNA-initiated silencing complex (RISC), in the context of RNA interference." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, PMID:14512631] |
|
GO:0035101
|
0 |
FACT complex |
"An abundant nuclear complex, which was originally identified in mammalian systems as a factor required for transcription elongation on chromatin templates. The FACT complex has been shown to destablilize the interaction between the H2A/H2B dimer and the H3/H4 tetramer of the nucleosome, thus reorganizing the structure of the nucleosome. In this way, the FACT complex may play a role in DNA replication and other processes that traverse the chromatin, as well as in transcription elongation. FACT is composed of two proteins that are evolutionarily conserved in all eukaryotes and homologous to mammalian Spt16 and SSRP1. In metazoans, the SSRP1 homolog contains an HMG domain; however in fungi and protists, it does not. For example, in S. cerevisiae the Pob3 protein is homologous to SSRP1, but lacks the HMG chromatin binding domain. Instead, the yFACT complex of Spt16p and Pob3p, binds to nucleosomes where multiple copies of the HMG-domain containing protein Nhp6p have already bound, but Nhp6p does not form a stable complex with the Spt16p/Pob3p heterodimer." [GOC:bf, GOC:expert_ks, GOC:expert_ras, GOC:expert_tf, GOC:krc, PMID:12934006, PMID:12934007, PMID:16678108] |
|
GO:0035102
|
0 |
PRC1 complex |
"A multiprotein complex that mediates monoubiquitination of lysine residues of histone H2A (lysine-118 in Drosophila or lysine-119 in mammals). The complex is required for stable long-term maintenance of transcriptionally repressed states and is involved in chromatin remodeling." [GOC:bf, PMID:10412979] |
|
GO:0035103
|
0 |
sterol regulatory element binding protein cleavage |
"The proteolytic release of a transcriptionally active sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) from intracellular membranes, freeing it to move to the nucleus to upregulate transcription of target genes, in response to altered levels of one or more lipids." [GOC:bf, GOC:vw, PMID:12923525] |
|
GO:0035111
|
0 |
obsolete leg joint morphogenesis |
"OBSOLETE. The process in which the anatomical structures of a leg joint are generated and organized. The leg joint is a flexible region that separates the rigid sections of a leg to allow movement in a controlled manner. One example is the knee, which separates the leg tibia and femur." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0582227089, PMID:12051824] |
|
GO:0035118
|
0 |
embryonic pectoral fin morphogenesis |
"The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the pectoral fin are generated and organized. Pectoral fins are bilaterally paired fins mounted laterally and located behind the gill covers of fish. These fins are used for lateral mobility and propulsion." [GOC:dgh] |
|
GO:0035119
|
0 |
embryonic pelvic fin morphogenesis |
"The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the pelvic fin are generated and organized. The pelvic fins are bilaterally paired fins mounted in a ventral-lateral position on most fish. These fins are used primarily for lateral mobility and propulsion." [GOC:dgh] |
|
GO:0035122
|
0 |
embryonic medial fin morphogenesis |
"The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the medial fin are generated and organized. Medial fins are unpaired fins of fish, usually located dorsomedially or ventromedially and primarily used for stability while swimming." [GOC:dgh] |
|
GO:0035123
|
0 |
embryonic dorsal fin morphogenesis |
"The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the dorsal fin are generated and organized. A dorsal fin is an unpaired medial fin on the dorsal aspect of a fish that provides lateral stability while swimming. Generally fish have one or two dorsal fins." [GOC:dgh] |
|
GO:0035130
|
0 |
post-embryonic pectoral fin morphogenesis |
"The process, occurring after embryonic development, by which the anatomical structures of the pectoral fin are generated and organized. Pectoral fins are bilaterally paired fins mounted laterally and located behind the gill covers of fish. These fins are used for lateral mobility and propulsion." [GOC:dgh] |
|
GO:0035131
|
0 |
post-embryonic pelvic fin morphogenesis |
"The process, occurring after embryonic development, by which the anatomical structures of the pelvic fin are generated and organized. The pelvic fins are bilaterally paired fins mounted in a ventral-lateral position on most fish. These fins are used primarily for lateral mobility and propulsion." [GOC:dgh] |
|
GO:0035132
|
0 |
post-embryonic medial fin morphogenesis |
"The process, occurring after embryonic development, by which the anatomical structures of the medial fin are generated and organized. Medial fins are unpaired fins of fish, usually located dorsomedially or ventromedially and primarily used for stability while swimming." [GOC:dgh] |
|
GO:0035134
|
0 |
post-embryonic dorsal fin morphogenesis |
"The process, occurring after embryonic development, by which the anatomical structures of the dorsal fin are generated and organized. A dorsal fin is an unpaired medial fin on the dorsal aspect of a fish that provides lateral stability while swimming. Generally fish have one or two dorsal fins." [GOC:dgh] |
|
GO:0035138
|
0 |
pectoral fin morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structures of the pectoral fin are generated and organized. Pectoral fins are bilaterally paired fins mounted laterally and located behind the gill covers of fish. These fins are used for lateral mobility and propulsion." [GOC:dgh] |
|
GO:0035139
|
0 |
pelvic fin morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structures of the pelvic fin are generated and organized. Pelvic fins are bilaterally paired fins mounted in a ventral-lateral position on most fish. These fins are used primarily for lateral mobility and propulsion." [GOC:dgh] |
|
GO:0035141
|
0 |
medial fin morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structures of the medial fin are generated and organized. A medial fin is an unpaired fin of fish, usually located dorsomedially or ventromedially and primarily used for stability while swimming." [GOC:dgh] |
|
GO:0035142
|
0 |
dorsal fin morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structures of the dorsal fin are generated and organized. A dorsal fin is an unpaired medial fin on the dorsal aspect of fish that provides lateral stability while swimming. Generally fish have one or two dorsal fins." [GOC:dgh] |
|
GO:0035153
|
0 |
epithelial cell type specification, open tracheal system |
"Allocation of epithelial cells within each migrating branch in an open tracheal system to distinct tracheal cell fates. During the migration phase each branch forms a well-defined number of cell types (including fusion cells, terminal cells and branch cells) at precise positions." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10684581, PMID:11063940] |
|
GO:0035154
|
0 |
terminal cell fate specification, open tracheal system |
"The process in which a cell in an open tracheal system becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a terminal cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed. Terminal cells send long and bifurcated hollow branches toward target tissues to allow oxygen exchange." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10684581, PMID:11063940] |
|
GO:0035156
|
0 |
fusion cell fate specification |
"The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a fusion cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed. Fusion cells allow the interconnection of adjacent tracheal metameres during tracheal tube fusion." [PMID:11063940] |
|
GO:0035158
|
0 |
regulation of tube diameter, open tracheal system |
"Ensuring that a tube in an open tracheal system is of the correct diameter. When primary branches form their lumens are small (less than 2 micrometers) in caliber and must undergo regulated expansion during larval life to reach their mature size." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:14570584] |
|
GO:0035165
|
0 |
embryonic crystal cell differentiation |
"The process in which an embryonic mesoderm-derived hemocyte precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a crystal cell. Crystal cells are a class of cells that contain crystalline inclusions and are involved in the melanization of pathogenic material in the hemolymph." [GOC:bf, http://sdb.bio.purdue.edu/fly/gene/serpent3.htm] |
|
GO:0035167
|
0 |
larval lymph gland hemopoiesis |
"The production of blood cells from the larval lymph gland. The lymph gland consists of three to six bilaterally paired lobes that are attached to the cardioblasts during larval stages, and it degenerates during pupal stages." [GOC:bf, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:12445385] |
|
GO:0035168
|
0 |
larval lymph gland hemocyte differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell derived from the larval lymph gland acquires the specialized features of a mature hemocyte. The lymph gland consists of three to six bilaterally paired lobes that are attached to the cardioblasts during larval stages, and it degenerates during pupal stages. Hemocytes are blood cells associated with a hemocoel (the cavity containing most of the major organs of the arthropod body) which are involved in defense and clotting of hemolymph, but not involved in transport of oxygen. An example of this process is found in Drosophila melanogaster." [GOC:bf, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:14602069] |
|
GO:0035170
|
0 |
lymph gland crystal cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized larval lymph gland-derived hemocyte precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a crystal cell. Crystal cells are a class of cells that contain crystalline inclusions and are involved in the melanization of pathogenic material in the hemolymph." [GOC:bf, http://sdb.bio.purdue.edu/fly/gene/serpent3.htm] |
|
GO:0035180
|
0 |
larval wandering behavior |
"The movement of a third instar larva through a substrate in search of a pupation site. This movement occurs without feeding and is characterized by short bursts of forward movement, separated by stops and repeated side-to-side head probes, followed normally by a change in direction." [PMID:12848927, PMID:12956960] |
|
GO:0035183
|
0 |
female germline ring canal inner rim |
"A proteinaceous actin-rich layer of the insect ovarian ring canal that forms subcortically to the outer rim. The electron dense inner rim accumulates after the final mitotic division of each germline syncytia, and contains actin, a phosphotyrosine protein, and a number of cytoskeletal proteins." [PMID:10556087, PMID:7925006, PMID:9093858] |
|
GO:0035191
|
0 |
nuclear axial expansion |
"The stepwise asymmetric spreading out of nuclei internally along the anterior-posterior axis of the developing insect embryo during mitotic cycles 4 to 6. This movement leads to the distribution of nuclei in a hollow ellipsoid underlying the cortex." [PMID:8314839] |
|
GO:0035194
|
172 |
posttranscriptional gene silencing by RNA |
"Any process of posttranscriptional gene inactivation (silencing) mediated by small RNA molecules that may trigger mRNA degradation or negatively regulate translation." [GOC:mah, PMID:15020054, PMID:15066275, PMID:15066283] |
|
GO:0035241
|
0 |
protein-arginine omega-N monomethyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the addition of a methyl group to either of the unmethylated terminal nitrogen atoms (also called omega nitrogen) in peptidyl-arginine to form an omega-N-G-monomethylated arginine residue." [PMID:14705965, RESID:AA0069] |
|
GO:0035195
|
21 |
gene silencing by miRNA |
"Downregulation of gene expression through the action of microRNAs (miRNAs), endogenous 21-24 nucleotide small RNAs processed from stem-loop RNA precursors (pre-miRNAs). Once incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), miRNAs can downregulate gene expression by either of two posttranscriptional mechanisms: endolytic cleavage of mRNA cleavage or translational repression, usually accompanied by poly-A tail shortening and subsequent degradation of the mRNA." [PMID:14744438, PMID:15066275, PMID:15066283, PMID:23209154] |
|
GO:0035196
|
9 |
production of miRNAs involved in gene silencing by miRNA |
"Cleavage of stem-loop RNA precursors into microRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small RNAs that primarily silence genes by blocking the translation of mRNA transcripts into protein." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:15066275, PMID:15066283] |
|
GO:0035197
|
0 |
siRNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a small interfering RNA, a 21-23 nucleotide RNA that is processed from double stranded RNA (dsRNA) by an RNAse enzyme." [PMID:15066275, PMID:15066283] |
|
GO:0035225
|
0 |
determination of genital disc primordium |
"Allocation of embryonic cells to the genital imaginal disc founder populations. Early in development at the blastoderm stage, the anlage of the genital disc of both sexes consists of three primordia: the female genital primoridum lcoated anteriorly, the anal primoridum located posteriorly, and the male gential primordium between the two." [GOC:bf, PMID:11494318] |
|
GO:0035229
|
1 |
positive regulation of glutamate-cysteine ligase activity |
"Any process that activates or increases the activity of glutamate-cysteine ligase, typically by lowering its sensitivity to inhibition by glutathione and by increasing its affinity for glutamate." [PMID:12954617] |
|
GO:0035230
|
0 |
cytoneme |
"A long, thin, polarized cell projection that contains actin and can extend for distances many times the diameter of the cell. Cytonemes represent extensions of cell cytoplasm and typically have a diameter of approximately 0.2um." [PMID:10367889, PMID:10675901] |
|
GO:0035253
|
0 |
ciliary rootlet |
"A cytoskeleton-like structure, originating from the basal body at the proximal end of a cilium, and extending proximally toward the cell nucleus. Rootlets are typically 80-100 nm in diameter and contain cross striae distributed at regular intervals of approximately 55-70 nm." [GOC:cilia, PMID:12427867] |
|
GO:0035263
|
0 |
genital disc sexually dimorphic development |
"The sex-specific patterns of primoridia growth and differentiation in the genital imaginal disc. The anal primordium of the genital disc develops in both sexes, but depending on the genetic sex gives rise to either male or female analia. Depending on the genetic sex, only one of the two genital primordia develop. In females the female genital primordium develops and gives rise to the female genitalia whereas the male primordium is repressed. Conversely, in males the male genital primordium develops and gives rise to the male genitalia whereas the female genital primordium is repressed." [PMID:11290302, PMID:11494318, PMID:11702781] |
|
GO:0035271
|
0 |
ring gland development |
"Progression of the ring gland over time, from its formation to a mature structure. The ring gland is a neuroendocrine organ found in higher Dipterans, which is composed of the prothoracic gland, the corpus allatum, and the corpora cardiacum. The ring gland is the site of production and release of ecdysteroids and juvenile hormones." [GOC:bf, PMID:11223816, PMID:9584098] |
|
GO:0035277
|
0 |
spiracle morphogenesis, open tracheal system |
"The process in which the anatomical structures of a spiracle are generated and organized. Spiracles are the openings in the insect open tracheal system; externally they connect to the epidermis and internally they connect to the tracheal trunk." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10491268] |
|
GO:0035278
|
3 |
miRNA mediated inhibition of translation |
"The process in which microRNAs (miRNAs) block the translation of target mRNAs into proteins. Once incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), a miRNA will typically mediate repression of translation if the miRNA imperfectly base-pairs with the 3' untranslated regions of target mRNAs" [PMID:14744438, PMID:15196554] |
|
GO:0035279
|
2 |
mRNA cleavage involved in gene silencing by miRNA |
"The process in which microRNAs (miRNAs) direct the cleavage of target mRNAs. Once incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), a miRNA base pairing with near-perfect complementarity to the target mRNA will typically direct targeted endonucleolytic cleavage of the mRNA. Many plant miRNAs downregulate gene expression through this mechanism." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_lung, PMID:14744438, PMID:15196554] |
|
GO:0035287
|
0 |
head segmentation |
"Partitioning the insect head anlage into a fixed number of segmental units. The number of segments composing the insect head has long been a subject of debate, but it is generally agreed that there are 6 or 7 segments. From anterior to posterior the head segments are the procephalic segments (labral, (ocular), antennal and intercalary) and the gnathal segments (mandibular, maxillary and labial)." [PMID:10477305, PMID:7915837] |
|
GO:0035289
|
0 |
posterior head segmentation |
"Partitioning the posterior region of the insect head anlage into gnathal (mandibular, maxillary and labial) segments. Unlike the anterior head (procephalic) segments, formation of the posterior head (gnathal) segments occurs by a similar mechanism to trunk segmentation, where a cascade of gap genes, pair-rule genes and segment-polarity genes subdivide the embryo into progressively smaller domains." [PMID:15382136] |
|
GO:0035391
|
0 |
maintenance of chromatin silencing at silent mating-type cassette |
"The maintenance of chromatin in a transcriptionally silent state such as heterochromatin at silent mating-type loci." [GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0035294
|
0 |
determination of wing disc primordium |
"Allocation of embryonic cells to the wing disc founder populations, groups of cells that are committed to contribute to the formation of a wing imaginal disc." [ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0035309
|
0 |
wing and notum subfield formation |
"The regionalization process that subdivides the wing imaginal disc into the wing and notum (body wall) subfields, thus determining whether cells ultimately differentiate wing or notum-specific structures." [PMID:10860999] |
|
GO:0035392
|
0 |
maintenance of chromatin silencing at telomere |
"The maintenance of chromatin in a transcriptionally silent state such as heterochromatin at the telomere." [GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0035320
|
0 |
imaginal disc-derived wing hair site selection |
"Determination of the site in the cell of an imaginal disc-derived wing at which a prehair initiates outgrowth. Restriction of prehair initiation to the distalmost part of a cell is essential to ensure that each wing epithelial cell produces one adult hair that points distally." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729, PMID:8947551] |
|
GO:0035321
|
0 |
maintenance of imaginal disc-derived wing hair orientation |
"Ensuring that hairs in the imaginal disc-derived wing continue to point distally during development, following the initial establishment of wing hair polarity." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:15501220] |
|
GO:0035327
|
0 |
transcriptionally active chromatin |
"The ordered and organized complex of DNA and protein that forms regions of the chromosome that are being actively transcribed." [GOC:sart, PMID:17965872] |
|
GO:0035328
|
0 |
transcriptionally silent chromatin |
"The ordered and organized complex of DNA and protein that forms regions of the chromosome that are not being actively transcribed." [GOC:sart, PMID:17965872] |
|
GO:0035363
|
0 |
histone locus body |
"A nuclear body associated with the histone gene locus that is thought to contain all of the factors necessary for histone mRNA transcription and pre-mRNA processing. In Drosophila, U7 snRNP is located in the histone locus body rather than the distinct Cajal body." [GOC:sart, PMID:16533947, PMID:18927579, PMID:19620235] |
|
GO:0035375
|
0 |
zymogen binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a zymogen, an enzymatically inactive precursor of an enzyme that is often convertible to an active enzyme by proteolysis." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0035389
|
0 |
establishment of chromatin silencing at silent mating-type cassette |
"The initial formation of a transcriptionally silent chromatin structure such as heterochromatin at silent mating-type loci." [GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0035390
|
0 |
establishment of chromatin silencing at telomere |
"The initial formation of a transcriptionally silent chromatin structure such as heterochromatin at the telomere." [GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0035461
|
0 |
vitamin transmembrane transport |
"The process in which a vitamin is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A vitamin is one of a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body." [GOC:bf] |
|
GO:0035493
|
6 |
SNARE complex assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a SNARE complex, a protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers." [GOC:rb, PMID:10872468] |
|
GO:0035494
|
1 |
SNARE complex disassembly |
"The disaggregation of the SNARE protein complex into its constituent components. The SNARE complex is a protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers." [GOC:rb, PMID:11697877] |
|
GO:0035495
|
0 |
regulation of SNARE complex disassembly |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of disassembly of the SNARE complex. The SNARE complex is a protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers." [GOC:rb] |
|
GO:0035540
|
0 |
positive regulation of SNARE complex disassembly |
"Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of disassembly of the SNARE complex. The SNARE complex is a protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers." [GOC:rb] |
|
GO:0035541
|
0 |
negative regulation of SNARE complex disassembly |
"Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of disassembly of the SNARE complex. The SNARE complex is a protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers." [GOC:rb] |
|
GO:0035542
|
4 |
regulation of SNARE complex assembly |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of assembly of the SNARE complex. The SNARE complex is a protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers." [GOC:rb] |
|
GO:0035543
|
0 |
positive regulation of SNARE complex assembly |
"Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of assembly of the SNARE complex. The SNARE complex is a protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers." [GOC:rb] |
|
GO:0035544
|
0 |
negative regulation of SNARE complex assembly |
"Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of assembly of the SNARE complex. The SNARE complex is a protein complex involved in membrane fusion; a stable ternary complex consisting of a four-helix bundle, usually formed from one R-SNARE and three Q-SNAREs with an ionic layer sandwiched between hydrophobic layers." [GOC:rb] |
|
GO:0035556
|
413 |
intracellular signal transduction |
"The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:bf, GOC:jl, GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] |
|
GO:0035557
|
0 |
obsolete intracellular signal transduction involved in cell surface receptor linked signaling |
"OBSOLETE. The process in which a signal is passed on from a receptor at the cell surface to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] |
|
GO:0035558
|
0 |
obsolete phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase cascade involved in insulin receptor signaling |
"OBSOLETE. The process in which a signal is passed from the insulin receptor to components of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) cascade, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling] |
|
GO:0035559
|
0 |
obsolete MAPKKK cascade involved in epidermal growth factor receptor signaling |
"OBSOLETE. The process in which a signal is passed from the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) to components of the MAPKKK cascade, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell." [GOC:signaling] |
|
GO:0035560
|
0 |
pheophoridase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: pheophorbide a + H2O = pyropheophorbide a + methanol + CO2. The reaction occurs in two steps; pheophoridase catalyzes the conversion of pheophorbide a to a precursor of pyropheophorbide a, C-13(2)-carboxylpyropheophorbide a, by demethylation, and then the precursor is decarboxylated non-enzymatically to yield pyropheophorbide a." [EC:3.1.1.82, PMID:16228561] |
|
GO:0035614
|
0 |
snRNA stem-loop binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a stem-loop in a small nuclear RNA (snRNA). An RNA stem-loop is a secondary RNA structure consisting of a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) stem and a terminal loop." [GOC:sart, PMID:16568238, PMID:20455544] |
|
GO:0035618
|
0 |
root hair |
"A long, thin projection from a root epidermal cell that contains F-actin and tubulin, and a cell wall." [http://www.jstor.org/stable/4354264, PO:0000256] |
|
GO:0035628
|
0 |
cystic duct development |
"The progression of the cystic duct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cystic duct runs from the gall bladder to the common bile duct." [PMID:20614624] |
|
GO:0035672
|
0 |
oligopeptide transmembrane transport |
"The directed movement of an oligopeptide across a membrane by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Oligopeptides are molecules that contain a small number (2 to 20) of amino-acid residues connected by peptide linkages." [GOC:vw, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0035675
|
0 |
neuromast hair cell development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a neuromast hair cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuromast hair cell is a hair cell that acts as a sensory receptor of the neuromast; it is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate." [CL:0000856] |
|
GO:0035676
|
0 |
anterior lateral line neuromast hair cell development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an anterior lateral line neuromast hair cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuromast hair cell is a hair cell that acts as a sensory receptor of the neuromast; it is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate." [ISBN:0125296509, ISBN:0387968377] |
|
GO:0035677
|
0 |
posterior lateral line neuromast hair cell development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a posterior lateral line neuromast hair cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A neuromast hair cell is a hair cell that acts as a sensory receptor of the neuromast; it is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate." [ISBN:0125296509] |
|
GO:0035678
|
0 |
neuromast hair cell morphogenesis |
"The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs when a neuromast hair cell progresses from its initial formation to its mature state. A neuromast hair cell is a hair cell that acts as a sensory receptor of the neuromast; it is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface." [CL:0000856] |
|
GO:0035679
|
0 |
anterior lateral line neuromast hair cell morphogenesis |
"The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs when an anterior lateral line neuromast hair cell progresses from its initial formation to its mature state. A neuromast hair cell is a hair cell that acts as a sensory receptor of the neuromast; it is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface." [ISBN:0125296509, ISBN:0387968377] |
|
GO:0035680
|
0 |
posterior lateral line neuromast hair cell morphogenesis |
"The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs when a posterior lateral line neuromast hair cell progresses from its initial formation to its mature state. A neuromast hair cell is a hair cell that acts as a sensory receptor of the neuromast; it is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface." [ISBN:0125296509] |
|
GO:0035685
|
0 |
helper T cell diapedesis |
"The passage of a helper T cell between the tight junctions of endothelial cells lining blood vessels, typically the fourth and final step of cellular extravasation." [CL:0000912, GOC:BHF] |
|
GO:0035688
|
0 |
T-helper 1 cell diapedesis |
"The passage of a T-helper 1 cell between the tight junctions of endothelial cells lining blood vessels, typically the fourth and final step of cellular extravasation. A T-helper 1 cell is a CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell that has the phenotype T-bet-positive and produces interferon-gamma." [CL:0000545, GOC:BHF, PMID:10477596] |
|
GO:0035701
|
0 |
hematopoietic stem cell migration |
"The orderly movement of a hematopoietic stem cell from one site to another. A hematopoietic stem cell is a cell from which all cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineages develop, including blood cells and cells of the immune system." [CL:0000037, GOC:BHF, PMID:20234092] |
|
GO:0035720
|
2 |
intraciliary anterograde transport |
"The directed movement of large protein complexes along microtubules from the cell body toward the tip of a cilium (also called flagellum), mediated by motor proteins." [GOC:BHF, GOC:cilia, PMID:17895364] |
|
GO:0035721
|
8 |
intraciliary retrograde transport |
"The directed movement of large protein complexes along microtubules from the tip of a cilium (also called flagellum) toward the cell body, mediated by motor proteins." [GOC:BHF, GOC:cilia] |
|
GO:0035737
|
0 |
injection of substance in to other organism |
"The process of forcing a substance into another organism, either by penetrating the skin of the other organism or by applying the substance externally to a sensitive tissue such as those that surround the eyes." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0035753
|
0 |
maintenance of DNA trinucleotide repeats |
"Any process involved in sustaining the fidelity and copy number of DNA trinucleotide repeats. DNA trinucleotide repeats are naturally occurring runs of three base-pairs." [GOC:rb, PMID:21347277, SO:0000291] |
|
GO:0035770
|
0 |
ribonucleoprotein granule |
"A non-membranous macromolecular complex containing proteins and translationally silenced mRNAs. RNA granules contain proteins that control the localization, stability, and translation of their RNA cargo. Different types of RNA granules (RGs) exist, depending on the cell type and cellular conditions." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:sp, PMID:16520386, PMID:20368989, PMID:21436445] |
|
GO:0035782
|
0 |
mature natural killer cell chemotaxis |
"The directed movement of a mature natural killer cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis). A mature natural killer cell is a natural killer cell that is developmentally mature and expresses a variety of inhibitory and activating receptors that recognize MHC class and other stress related molecules." [CL:0000824, GOC:BHF] |
|
GO:0035852
|
0 |
horizontal cell localization |
"Any process in which a horizontal cell is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within the inner nuclear layer (INL) of the retina. A horizontal cell is a neuron that laterally connects other neurons in the inner nuclear layer (INL) of the retina. Targeting of retinal neurons to the appropriate lamina is vital to establish the architecture of the retina." [CL:0000745, GOC:bf, GOC:yaf, PMID:18094249] |
|
GO:0035854
|
0 |
eosinophil fate commitment |
"The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a eosinophil cell. A eosinophil is any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by one or more slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and which can be stained by the dye eosin." [CL:0000771, GOC:BHF, GOC:vk] |
|
GO:0035859
|
0 |
Seh1-associated complex |
"A protein complex that associates dynamically with the vacuolar membrane, and is proposed to have a role in membrane-associated trafficking or regulatory processes. In S. cerevisiae the complex contains Seh1p, Sec13p, Npr2p, Npr3p, Iml1p, Mtc5p, Rtc1p, and Sea4p." [GOC:jh, PMID:21454883, PMID:23974112] |
|
GO:0035883
|
0 |
enteroendocrine cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized structural and/or functional features of an enteroendocrine cell. Enteroendocrine cells are hormonally active epithelial cells in the gut that constitute the diffuse neuroendocrine system." [CL:0000164, GOC:bf] |
|
GO:0035885
|
0 |
exochitinase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of terminal 1,4-beta-linkages of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) polymers of chitin and chitodextrins. Typically, exochitinases progressively cleave off two subunits from the reducing or non-reducing ends of the chitin chain." [EC:3.2.1.-, GOC:bf, GOC:kah, GOC:pde, PMID:11468293, PMID:16298970, PMID:21390509] |
|
GO:0035921
|
0 |
desmosome disassembly |
"The controlled breakdown of a desmosome. A desmosome is a patch-like intercellular junction found in vertebrate tissues, consisting of parallel zones of two cell membranes, separated by an space of 25-35 nm, and having dense fibrillar plaques in the subjacent cytoplasm." [GOC:BHF, GOC:vk, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:9182671] |
|
GO:0035922
|
0 |
foramen ovale closure |
"The morphogenetic process in which the foramen ovale closes after birth, to prevent blood flow between the right and left atria. In the fetal heart, the foramen ovale allows blood to enter the left atrium from the right atrium. Closure of the foramen ovale after birth stops this blood flow." [GOC:BHF, GOC:vk, PMID:19762328, UBERON:0004754, Wikipedia:Foramen_ovale_(heart)] |
|
GO:0035932
|
0 |
aldosterone secretion |
"The regulated release of aldosterone into the circulatory system. Aldosterone is a pregnane-based steroid hormone produced by the outer-section (zona glomerulosa) of the adrenal cortex in the adrenal gland, and acts on the distal tubules and collecting ducts of the kidney to cause the conservation of sodium, secretion of potassium, increased water retention, and increased blood pressure. The overall effect of aldosterone is to increase reabsorption of ions and water in the kidney." [CHEBI:27584, GOC:sl] |
|
GO:0035966
|
102 |
response to topologically incorrect protein |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a protein that is not folded in its correct three-dimensional structure." [GOC:bf] |
|
GO:0035967
|
91 |
cellular response to topologically incorrect protein |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a protein that is not folded in its correct three-dimensional structure." [GOC:bf] |
|
GO:0035974
|
0 |
meiotic spindle pole body |
"The microtubule organizing center on a spindle that forms as part of meiosis; functionally homologous to the animal cell centrosome." [GOC:vw, PMID:21775631] |
|
GO:0035976
|
0 |
AP1 complex |
"A heterodimeric transcription factor complex composed of proteins from the c-Fos, c-Jun, activating transcription factor (ATF) or JDP families. The subunits contain a basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain that is essential for dimerization and DNA binding. Jun-Fos heterodimers bind preferentially to a heptamer consensus sequence (TPA responsive element (TRE)), whereas Jun-ATF dimers bind the cyclic AMP responsive element (CRE) to regulate transcription of target genes." [GOC:bf, GOC:BHF, GOC:rl, PMID:20060892, PMID:9069263, Wikipedia:AP-1_transcription_factor] |
|
GO:0035985
|
0 |
senescence-associated heterochromatin focus |
"A transcriptionally-silent heterochromatin structure present in senescent cells. Contains the condensed chromatin of one chromosome and is enriched for histone modifications. Thought to repress expression of proliferation-promoting genes." [GOC:yaf, PMID:15621527, PMID:21248468] |
|
GO:0035986
|
0 |
senescence-associated heterochromatin focus assembly |
"The assembly of chromatin into senescence-associated heterochromatin foci (SAHF), transcriptionally-silent heterochromatin structures present in senescent cells, containing the condensed chromatin of one chromosome, and enriched for histone modifications. Formation of these chromatin structures is thought to repress expression of proliferation-promoting genes." [GOC:yaf, PMID:15621527, PMID:21248468] |
|
GO:0036000
|
0 |
mucocyst |
"A small subcellular vesicle, surrounded by a membrane, in the pellicle of ciliate protozoans that discharges a mucus-like secretion." [GOC:mag, PMID:10723937, PMID:4629881] |
|
GO:0036003
|
8 |
positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to stress |
"Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [GOC:mcc] |
|
GO:0036022
|
0 |
limb joint morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structures of a limb joint are generated and organized. A limb joint is a flexible region that separates the rigid sections of a limb to allow movement in a controlled manner." [GOC:bf] |
|
GO:0036030
|
0 |
protein C inhibitor-plasma kallikrein complex |
"A heterodimeric protein complex that contains protein C inhibitor (SERPINA5) and plasma kallikrein (KLK1B); formation of the complex inhibits the serine protease activity of plasma kallikrein." [GOC:ans, PMID:2844223, PMID:8536714] |
|
GO:0036032
|
0 |
neural crest cell delamination |
"The negative regulation of cell adhesion process in which a neural crest cell physically separates from the rest of the neural tube." [CL:0000333, PMID:17076275] |
|
GO:0036036
|
0 |
cardiac neural crest cell delamination |
"The negative regulation of cell adhesion process in which a cardiac neural crest cell physically separates from the rest of the neural tube." [GOC:hjd, PMID:17076275, PMID:18539270, PMID:20490374] |
|
GO:0036053
|
0 |
glomerular endothelium fenestra |
"A large plasma membrane-lined circular pore that perforates the flattened glomerular endothelium and, unlike those of other fenestrated capillaries, is not spanned by diaphragms; the density and size of glomerular fenestrae account, at least in part, for the high permeability of the glomerular capillary wall to water and small solutes." [GOC:cjm, MP:0011454, PMID:19129259] |
|
GO:0036064
|
0 |
ciliary basal body |
"A membrane-tethered, short cylindrical array of microtubules and associated proteins found at the base of a eukaryotic cilium (also called flagellum) that is similar in structure to a centriole and derives from it. The cilium basal body is the site of assembly and remodelling of the cilium and serves as a nucleation site for axoneme growth. As well as anchoring the cilium, it is thought to provide a selective gateway regulating the entry of ciliary proteins and vesicles by intraflagellar transport." [GOC:cilia, GOC:clt, PMID:21750193] |
|
GO:0036069
|
0 |
light-dependent bacteriochlorophyll biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a bacteriochlorophyll, which occur in the presence of light. Bacteriochlorophylls are any of the chlorophylls of photosynthetic bacteria; they differ structurally from the chlorophylls of higher plants." [GOC:yaf, PMID:12242396] |
|
GO:0036070
|
0 |
light-independent bacteriochlorophyll biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a bacteriochlorophyll, which occur in the absence of light. Bacteriochlorophylls are any of the chlorophylls of photosynthetic bacteria; they differ structurally from the chlorophylls of higher plants." [GOC:yaf, PMID:12242396, UniPathway:UPA00671] |
|
GO:0036089
|
0 |
cleavage furrow formation |
"Generation of the cleavage furrow, a shallow groove in the cell surface near the old metaphase plate that marks the site of cytokinesis. This process includes the recruitment and localized activation of signals such as RhoA at the site of the future furrow to ensure that furrowing initiates at the correct site in the cell." [GOC:ans, PMID:15811947, PMID:20687468, PMID:2192590] |
|
GO:0036094
|
0 |
small molecule binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a small molecule, any low molecular weight, monomeric, non-encoded molecule." [GOC:curators, GOC:pde, GOC:pm] |
|
GO:0036100
|
0 |
leukotriene catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a leukotriene, a pharmacologically active substance derived from a polyunsaturated fatty acid, such as arachidonic acid." [CHEBI:62942, GOC:yaf] |
|
GO:0036137
|
0 |
kynurenine aminotransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group from kynurenine to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid." [EC:2.6.1.-, GOC:pde] |
|
GO:0036147
|
0 |
rumination |
"A digestive process in which food, usually grass or hay, is swallowed into a multi-compartmented stomach, regurgitated, chewed again, and swallowed again." [GOC:maf, Wikipedia:Rumination] |
|
GO:0036166
|
0 |
phenotypic switching |
"A reversible switch of a cell from one cell type or form to another, at a frequency above the expected frequency for somatic mutations. Phenotypic switching begins with changes in cell morphology and altered gene expression patterns and ends when the morphology of a population of cells has reverted back to the default state, accompanied by altered expression patterns. For example, Candida albicans switches from a unicellular form to an invasive multicellular filamentous form upon infection of host tissue, and from white cells to opaque cells for sexual mating. Phenotypic switching also occurs in multicellular organisms; smooth muscle cells (SMCs) exhibit phenotypic transitions to allow rapid adaption to fluctuating environmental cues." [GOC:bf, GOC:di, PMID:12443899, PMID:22406749, PMID:8456504, Wikipedia:Phenotypic_switching] |
|
GO:0036179
|
0 |
osteoclast maturation |
"A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an osteoclast cell to attain its fully functional state. An osteoclast is a specialized phagocytic cell associated with the absorption and removal of the mineralized matrix of bone tissue, and which typically differentiates from monocytes." [CL:0000092, GOC:pg] |
|
GO:0036212
|
0 |
contractile ring maintenance |
"The process in which the contractile ring is maintained, typically in response to an internal or external cue." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0036213
|
3 |
contractile ring contraction |
"The process of an actomyosin ring getting smaller in diameter." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0036225
|
0 |
cellular response to vitamin B1 starvation |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of deprivation of vitamin B1 (also called thiamin and thiamine)." [CHEBI:18385, GOC:al] |
|
GO:0036228
|
2 |
protein targeting to nuclear inner membrane |
"The process of targeting a protein to, and inserting it into, the nuclear inner membrane; usually uses signals contained within the protein." [GOC:dgf, PMID:16929305] |
|
GO:0036236
|
0 |
acyl glucuronidation |
"The modification of an substrate by the conjugation of glucuronic acid to form an acyl-glucuronide (also called an acyl-glucuronoside)." [GOC:BHF, GOC:vk, PMID:12485951, PMID:22294686] |
|
GO:0036238
|
0 |
gallate dioxygenase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: gallate + O2 = (1E)-4-oxobut-1-ene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate." [EC:1.13.11.57, PMID:16030014] |
|
GO:0036240
|
0 |
septal periplasm |
"The region between the plasma membrane and the cell wall, as found in organisms such as filamentous fungi." [GOC:di, PMID:21564341] |
|
GO:0036245
|
0 |
cellular response to menadione |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a menadione stimulus. Menadione (also called vitamin K3) is a naphthoquinone having a methyl substituent at the 2-position." [CHEBI:28869, GOC:al] |
|
GO:0036251
|
5 |
positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to salt stress |
"Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under salt stress. The stress is usually an increase or decrease in the concentration of salt (particularly but not exclusively sodium and chloride ions) in the environment." [GOC:al] |
|
GO:0036252
|
0 |
positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to menadione |
"Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter as a result of a menadione stimulus. Menadione (also called vitamin K3) is a naphthoquinone having a methyl substituent at the 2-position." [CHEBI:28869, GOC:al] |
|
GO:0036260
|
9 |
RNA capping |
"The sequence of enzymatic reactions by which a cap structure is added to the 5' end of a nascent RNA polymerase II transcript. All RNA polymerase II transcripts receive a 7-methyl-G cap. Then for (at least) small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) and small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), the7-methyl-G cap is hypermethylated to become a 2,2,7-trimethylguanosine (TMG) cap." [GOC:bf, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:18775984] |
|
GO:0036261
|
0 |
7-methylguanosine cap hypermethylation |
"Hypermethylation of the 7-(mono)methylguanosine (m(7)G) cap structure at the 2' position of the guanosine residue to convert a mono-methylated cap to a 2,2,7-trimethylguanosine cap structure. This type of cap modification occurs on small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs) and small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) and is dependent on prior guanine-N7 methylation." [GOC:bf, GOC:BHF, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, GOC:rl, PMID:11983179, PMID:18775984] |
|
GO:0036282
|
0 |
coflocculation via protein-carbohydrate interaction |
"The non-sexual aggregation between single-celled organisms of different species mediated by interaction of a protein in one species and a carbohydrate in the other species. For example, coflocculation between S. pombe and E. coli is mediated by mannose residues in the yeast cell wall interacting with lectin protein in E. coli cell projections." [GOC:al, PMID:11472912, PMID:11693916] |
|
GO:0036317
|
0 |
tyrosyl-RNA phosphodiesterase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a 5' tyrosyl-RNA phosphodiester bond between a protein and RNA. In picornaviruses, this covalent bond connects VPg, a viral-encoded protein essential for RNA replication, to the 5' end of all nascent picornavirus genomes; it is cleaved from viral RNA prior to its engaging in protein synthesis." [GOC:bf, GOC:sp, PMID:21408223, PMID:22908287] |
|
GO:0036333
|
0 |
hepatocyte homeostasis |
"Any biological process involved in the maintenance of the steady-state number of hepatocytes within a population of cells. Hepatocytes are specialized epithelial cells of the liver that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules." [CL:0000182, GOC:nhn, PMID:19878874] |
|
GO:0036339
|
0 |
lymphocyte adhesion to endothelial cell of high endothelial venule |
"The attachment of a lymphocyte to an endothelial cell of a high endothelial venule (HEV) via adhesion molecules. A HEV cell is an endothelial cell that is cuboidal, expresses leukocyte-specific receptors, and allows for passage of lymphocytes into bloodstream." [CL:0000542, CL:0002652, GOC:nhn, PMID:19339990, PMID:7679710, Wikipedia:High_endothelial_venules] |
|
GO:0036341
|
0 |
chitin-based cuticle sclerotization by protein cross-linking |
"The process of hardening of a chitin-based cuticle by protein cross-linking, and the incorporation of phenolic precursors. This mechanism of cuticle hardening occurs in insects and is usually accompanied by darkening of the cuticle." [GOC:bf, GOC:sart] |
|
GO:0036343
|
0 |
psychomotor behavior |
"The specific behavior of an organism that combines cognitive functions and physical movement. For example, driving a car, throwing a ball, or playing a musical instrument." [GOC:nhn, GOC:pr, PMID:17159989, Wikipedia:Psychomotor_learning] |
|
GO:0036344
|
0 |
platelet morphogenesis |
"Generation and organization of a platelet, a non-nucleated disk-shaped cell formed by extrusion from megakaryocytes, found in the blood of all mammals, and mainly involved in blood coagulation." [CL:0000233, GOC:BHF, GOC:vk] |
|
GO:0036345
|
0 |
platelet maturation |
"A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a platelet to attain its fully functional state. A platelet is a non-nucleated disk-shaped cell formed by extrusion from megakaryocytes, found in the blood of all mammals, and mainly involved in blood coagulation." [CL:0000233, GOC:BHF, GOC:vk] |
|
GO:0036346
|
0 |
cellular response to L-cysteine |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a L-cysteine stimulus. L-cysteine is an optically active form of cysteine having L-configuration." [CHEBI:17561, GOC:al] |
|
GO:0036349
|
0 |
galactose-specific flocculation |
"The non-sexual aggregation of single-celled organisms mediated by the binding of cell wall proteins on one cell to galactose residues on the other." [GOC:vw, PMID:22098069] |
|
GO:0036350
|
0 |
mannose-specific flocculation |
"The non-sexual aggregation of single-celled organisms mediated by the binding of cell wall proteins on one cell to mannose residues on the other." [GOC:vw, PMID:9851992] |
|
GO:0036377
|
0 |
arbuscular mycorrhizal association |
"A form of mutualism between a fungus and the roots of a vascular plant, where hyphae of the fungus penetrate the plant cell wall and invaginate its cell membrane. Once inside, the fungus forms highly branched structures for nutrient exchange with the plant called arbuscules. Aids in the acquisition by the plant of nutrients such as phosphorus from the soil." [GOC:sk, Wikipedia:Arbuscular_mycorrhiza] |
|
GO:0036378
|
0 |
calcitriol biosynthetic process from calciol |
"Conversion of vitamin D3 from its largely inactive form (calciol, also called cholecalciferol) into a hormonally active form (calcitriol). Conversion requires 25-hydroxylation of calciol in the liver to form calcidiol, and subsequent 1,alpha-hydroxylation of calcidiol in the kidney to form calcitriol." [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl, PMID:17426122, PMID:20511049] |
|
GO:0036379
|
0 |
myofilament |
"Any of the smallest contractile units of a myofibril (striated muscle fiber)." [Wikipedia:Myofilament] |
|
GO:0036387
|
0 |
pre-replicative complex |
"A protein-DNA complex that forms at the origin of replication during the initial step of DNA replication and allows the origin to become competent, or 'licensed', for replication." [GOC:bf, GOC:bhm, GOC:jh2, Wikipedia:Pre-replication_complex] |
|
GO:0036388
|
1 |
pre-replicative complex assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the pre-replicative complex, a protein-DNA complex that forms at the origin of replication during the initial step of DNA replication and allows the origin to become competent, or 'licensed', for replication." [GOC:bf, GOC:bhm, GOC:jh2] |
|
GO:0036389
|
0 |
bacterial pre-replicative complex |
"A protein-DNA complex that forms at the bacterial oriC during the initial step of DNA replication and allows the origin to become competent, or 'licensed', for replication." [GOC:bf, GOC:bhm, GOC:jh2, PMID:19833870, PMID:21035377, Wikipedia:Pre-replication_complex] |
|
GO:0036390
|
0 |
pre-replicative complex assembly involved in bacterial-type DNA replication |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form the bacterial pre-replicative complex, a protein-DNA complex that forms at the bacterial oriC during the initial step of DNA replication and allows the origin to become competent, or 'licensed', for replication." [GOC:bf, GOC:bhm, GOC:jh2, PMID:19833870, PMID:21035377, PMID:21895796] |
|
GO:0036391
|
0 |
medial cortex septin ring |
"A ring-shaped structure that forms at the medial cortex of a symmetrically dividing cell at the onset of cytokinesis; composed of members of the conserved family of filament forming proteins called septins as well as septin-associated proteins." [GOC:vw, PMID:16009555] |
|
GO:0036400
|
0 |
short neuropeptide F receptor activity |
"Combining with a short neuropeptide F and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity. Short neuropeptide F is an arthropod peptide of less than 28 residues (as small as 8-10 residues in some species) with a C-terminal RFamide or LRFamide." [GOC:ha, PMID:16330127, PMID:21440021] |
|
GO:0036404
|
1 |
conversion of ds siRNA to ss siRNA |
"The process in which double-stranded small interfering RNA (ds siRNA) molecules are converted to single-stranded small interfering RNA (ss siRNA)." [GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0036407
|
0 |
mycolate outer membrane |
"A mycolic acid-rich cell outer membrane containing a lipid bilayer and long-chain mycolic acids (hydroxylated branched-chain fatty acids) that are covalently linked to the cell wall peptidoglycan via an arabinogalactan network. Found in mycobacteria and related genera (e.g. corynebacteria)." [GOC:bf, GOC:das, GOC:md, PMID:18316738, PMID:18567661] |
|
GO:0036422
|
0 |
heptaprenyl diphosphate synthase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 4 isopentenyl diphosphate = 4 diphosphate + all-trans-heptaprenyl diphosphate." [EC:2.5.1.30, RHEA:27797] |
|
GO:0036423
|
0 |
hexaprenyl-diphosphate synthase ((2E,6E)-farnesyl-diphosphate specific) activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate + 3 isopentenyl diphosphate = 3 diphosphate + all-trans-hexaprenyl diphosphate." [EC:2.5.1.83, RHEA:27562] |
|
GO:0036427
|
0 |
all-trans-undecaprenyl-phosphate mannosyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-undecaprenyl phosphate + GDP-alpha-D-mannose = D-mannosyl undecaprenyl phosphate + GDP." [RHEA:12784] |
|
GO:0036432
|
0 |
all-trans undecaprenol kinase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: ATP + undecaprenol + all-trans-undecaprenyl phosphate + ADP + H+." [RHEA:23755] |
|
GO:0036438
|
0 |
maintenance of lens transparency |
"A homeostatic process in which the lens is maintained in a highly refractive, transparent state to allow for optimal focusing of light on the retina." [GOC:nhn, PMID:22095752] |
|
GO:0036449
|
0 |
microtubule minus-end |
"The end of a microtubule that does not preferentially grow (polymerize)." [GOC:lb, PMID:23169647] |
|
GO:0036457
|
0 |
keratohyalin granule |
"A cytoplasmic, non-membrane bound granule of, at least, keratinocyte. Associated to keratin intermediate filaments and partially crosslinked to the cell envelope." [GOC:krc, PMID:15854042] |
|
GO:0036473
|
3 |
cell death in response to oxidative stress |
"Any biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a cell upon exposure to an oxidative stress stimulus." [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL] |
|
GO:0036474
|
0 |
cell death in response to hydrogen peroxide |
"Any biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a cell upon exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)." [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL] |
|
GO:0036475
|
0 |
neuron death in response to oxidative stress |
"Any biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a neuron upon exposure to an oxidative stress stimulus." [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL] |
|
GO:0036476
|
0 |
neuron death in response to hydrogen peroxide |
"Any biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a neuron upon exposure to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)." [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL] |
|
GO:0036483
|
0 |
neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress |
"A series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a neuron. The pathway is induced in response to a stimulus indicating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. ER stress usually results from the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen." [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:21113145] |
|
GO:0036485
|
0 |
dorsolateral trunk neural crest cell migration |
"The movement of trunk neural crest cells from the neural tube, travelling dorso-laterally into the ectoderm and continuing toward the ventral midline of the belly. These migrating trunk neural crest cells become melanocytes, the melanin-forming pigment cells." [GOC:bf, GOC:mat, GOC:PARL, PMID:2387238] |
|
GO:0036486
|
0 |
ventral trunk neural crest cell migration |
"The movement of trunk neural crest cells from the neural tube, travelling ventrally through the anterior half of each sclerotome. Trunk neural crest cells that remain in the sclerotome form the dorsal root ganglia containing the sensory neurons. Trunk neural crest cells that continue more ventrally form the sympathetic ganglia, the adrenal medulla, and the nerve clusters surrounding the aorta." [GOC:bf, GOC:mat, GOC:PARL, PMID:16319111, PMID:19386662] |
|
GO:0036499
|
0 |
PERK-mediated unfolded protein response |
"A series of molecular signals mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum membrane stress sensor PERK (PKR-like ER kinase). Begins with activation of PERK in response to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The main substrate of PERK is the translation initiation factor eIF2alpha. Serine-phosphorylation of eIF2alpha by PERK inactivates eIF2alpha and inhibits general protein translation. In addition, eIF2alpha phosphorylation preferentially increases the translation of selective mRNAs such as ATF4 (activating transcription factor 4), which up regulates a subset of UPR genes required to restore folding capacity." [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:22013210] |
|
GO:0038001
|
0 |
paracrine signaling |
"The transfer of information from one cell to another, where the signal travels from the signal-producing cell to the receiving cell by passive diffusion or bulk flow in intercellular fluid. The signaling cell and the receiving cell are usually in the vicinity of each other." [GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11, ISBN:3527303782] |
|
GO:0038015
|
0 |
positive regulation of insulin receptor signaling pathway by insulin receptor internalization |
"Any process in which internalization of an insulin receptor activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the insulin receptor signaling pathway. Endocytosis of activated receptors can concentrate receptors within endosomes and allow the insulin receptor to phosphorylate substrates that are spatially distinct from those accessible at the plasma membrane." [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling, PMID:9609114] |
|
GO:0038068
|
0 |
MAP kinase kinase activity involved in cell wall organization or biogenesis |
"Catalysis of the concomitant phosphorylation of threonine (T) and tyrosine (Y) residues in a Thr-Glu-Tyr (TEY) thiolester sequence in a MAP kinase (MAPK) substrate, as part of a MAPK signaling cascade that contributes to cell wall organization or biogenesis." [GOC:signaling] |
|
GO:0038067
|
0 |
MAP kinase activity involved in cell wall organization or biogenesis |
"Catalysis of the reaction: protein + ATP = protein phosphate + ADP by a mitogen-activated protein kinase, as part of a MAPK signaling cascade that contributes to cell wall organization or biogenesis." [GOC:signaling] |
|
GO:0038069
|
0 |
MAP kinase phosphatase activity involved in regulation of cell wall biogenesis |
"Catalysis of the reaction: a phosphorylated MAP kinase + H2O = a MAP kinase + phosphate, where the MAP kinase (MAPK) is part of a MAPK signaling cascade that contributes to cell wall biogenesis." [GOC:signaling] |
|
GO:0038070
|
0 |
MAP kinase kinase kinase activity involved in cell wall organization or biogenesis |
"Catalysis of the phosphorylation and activation of a MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK), as part of a MAPK signaling cascade that contributes to cell wall organization or biogenesis." [GOC:signaling] |
|
GO:0038073
|
0 |
MAP kinase kinase kinase activity involved in conjugation with cellular fusion |
"Catalysis of the phosphorylation and activation of a MAP kinase kinase (MAPKK), as part of a MAPK signaling cascade that contributes to cell wall biogenesis." [GOC:signaling] |
|
GO:0038097
|
0 |
positive regulation of mast cell activation by Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway |
"An Fc-epsilon receptor signaling pathway that results in the change in morphology and behavior of a mast cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, soluble factor, or to (at least in mammals) an antigen which the mast cell has specifically bound via IgE bound to Fc-epsilonRI receptors." [GOC:phg, PMID:12413516] |
|
GO:0038139
|
0 |
ERBB4-EGFR complex |
"A heterodimeric complex between the tyrosine kinase receptors ERBB4 (also called HER4) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ERBB1)." [GOC:signaling, PMID:16460914, Reactome:REACT_116654.1] |
|
GO:0038140
|
0 |
ERBB4-ERBB3 complex |
"A heterodimeric complex between the tyrosine kinase receptors ERBB4 (also called HER4) and ERBB3 (also called HER3). ERBB3 has impaired kinase activity so relies on the kinase activity of its heterodimer partner for activation and signal transmission." [GOC:signaling, PMID:16460914, Reactome:REACT_117805.1] |
|
GO:0038141
|
0 |
ERBB4-ERBB4 complex |
"A homodimeric complex containing two monomers of the tyrosine kinase receptor ERBB4 (also called HER4)." [GOC:signaling, PMID:16460914, Reactome:REACT_117065.1] |
|
GO:0039017
|
0 |
pattern specification involved in pronephros development |
"Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within the pronephros to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate." [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] |
|
GO:0039504
|
0 |
suppression by virus of host adaptive immune response |
"Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the adaptive immune response of the host organism, an immune response based on directed amplification of specific receptors for antigen produced through a somatic diversification process, and allowing for enhanced response to subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory)." [GOC:add, GOC:bf, GOC:sp, UniProtKB-KW:KW-1080] |
|
GO:0039548
|
0 |
suppression by virus of host IRF3 activity |
"Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces the activity of host IRF3 (interferon regulatory factor-3), a transcription factor in the RIG-I/MDA-5 signaling pathway. Viral infection triggers phosphorylation of cytoplasmic IRF3, which allows IRF3 to form a homodimer, migrate to the nucleus, and activate transcription of IFN-alpha and IFN-beta genes." [PMID:21632562, UniProtKB-KW:KW-1092, VZ:757] |
|
GO:0039557
|
0 |
suppression by virus of host IRF7 activity |
"Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces the activity of host IRF7 (interferon regulatory factor-7), a transcription factor in the RIG-I/MDA-5 signaling pathway. Viral infection triggers phosphorylation of cytoplasmic IRF7, which allows IRF7 to form a homodimer, migrate to the nucleus, and activate transcription of IFN-alpha and IFN-beta genes." [UniProtKB-KW:KW-1093, VZ:653] |
|
GO:0039583
|
0 |
suppression by virus of host PKR activity by positive regulation of PKR catabolic process |
"Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of host PKR (protein kinase regulated by RNA) activity by promoting the degradation of PKR via the proteosome. For example, the Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) NSs protein induces the down-regulation of PKR by degradation through proteasomes." [PMID:19751406] |
|
GO:0039635
|
0 |
suppression by virus of host peptidoglycan biosynthetic process |
"Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of peptidoglycan biosynthesis in the host organism. Peptidoglycans are any of a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls." [GOC:bf, GOC:bm, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0039636
|
0 |
suppression by virus of host cell wall biogenesis |
"Any process in which a virus stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell wall biogenesis in the host organism. Cell wall biogenesis includes the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, and the assembly and arrangement of these constituent parts." [GOC:bf, GOC:bm, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0039640
|
0 |
cytolysis by virus via suppression of host peptidoglycan biosynthetic process |
"The killing by a virus of host cell by cytolysis, caused by a virus stopping, preventing, or reducing peptidoglycan biosynthesis in the host organism. Peptidoglycans are any of a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls." [GOC:bf, GOC:bm] |
|
GO:0039651
|
0 |
induction by virus of host cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process |
"Any process in which a virus increases the frequency, rate or extent of host cysteine-type endopeptidase activity (also called caspase activity) which contributes to the apoptotic process." [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, UniProtKB-KW:KW-1073] |
|
GO:0039655
|
0 |
transport of virus in host, cell to cell via plasmodesmata |
"The transport of a virus between adjacent cells in a multicellular organism using plasmodesmata. Plasmodesma is a fine cytoplasmic channel found in all higher plants, which connects the cytoplasm of one cell to that of an adjacent cell." [UniProtKB-KW:KW-0916, VZ:1018] |
|
GO:0039679
|
0 |
viral occlusion body |
"A crystalline protein matrix surrounding the nucleocapsids of some insect viruses after their release in the environment. Produced in the host cell, the occlusion body protects the infectious virion after death of the host." [UniProtKB-KW:KW-0842, VZ:1949] |
|
GO:0039699
|
0 |
viral mRNA cap methylation |
"Methylation of the 2'-O-ribose of the first or second transcribed nucleotide of a viral mRNA. Methylation allows evasion of the host innate immune response, which degrades cap0 (non-methylated) mRNAs." [UniProtKB-KW:KW-1196] |
|
GO:0039701
|
0 |
microtubule-dependent intracellular transport of viral material towards cell periphery |
"The directed movement of the viral genome or a viral particle towards the cell periphery using host microtubules. Mostly used by viruses that replicate their genome near or in the nucleus to allows newly assembled viral progeny to reach the plasma membrane." [UniProtKB-KW:KW-1189, VZ:1816] |
|
GO:0040008
|
438 |
regulation of growth |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the growth of all or part of an organism so that it occurs at its proper speed, either globally or in a specific part of the organism's development." [GOC:ems, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0040009
|
29 |
regulation of growth rate |
"Any process that modulates the rate of growth of all or part of an organism." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0040010
|
24 |
positive regulation of growth rate |
"Any process that increases the rate of growth of all or part of an organism." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0040020
|
101 |
regulation of meiotic nuclear division |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of meiosis, the process in which the nucleus of a diploid cell divides twice forming four haploid cells, one or more of which usually function as gametes." [GOC:ems, GOC:ma] |
|
GO:0040029
|
215 |
regulation of gene expression, epigenetic |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression; the process is mitotically or meiotically heritable, or is stably self-propagated in the cytoplasm of a resting cell, and does not entail a change in DNA sequence." [PMID:10521337, PMID:11498582] |
|
GO:0040030
|
0 |
regulation of molecular function, epigenetic |
"Any heritable epigenetic process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein function by self-perpetuating conformational conversions of normal proteins in healthy cells. This is distinct from, though mechanistically analogous to, disease states associated with prion propagation and amyloidogenesis. A single protein, if it carries a glutamine/asparagine-rich ('prion') domain, can sometimes stably exist in at least two distinct physical states, each associated with a different phenotype; propagation of one of these traits is achieved by a self-perpetuating change in the protein from one form to the other, mediated by conformational changes in the glutamine/asparagine-rich domain. Prion domains are both modular and transferable to other proteins, on which they can confer a heritable epigenetic alteration of function; existing bioinformatics data indicate that they are rare in non-eukarya, but common in eukarya." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:tb, PMID:10611975, PMID:11050225, PMID:11447696, PMID:11685242, PMID:11782551] |
|
GO:0040033
|
3 |
negative regulation of translation, ncRNA-mediated |
"Any process, mediated by small non-coding RNAs, that stops, prevents or reduces the rate that mRNAs are effectively translated into protein." [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0040038
|
14 |
polar body extrusion after meiotic divisions |
"The cell cycle process in which two small cells are generated, as byproducts destined to degenerate, as a result of the first and second meiotic divisions of a primary oocyte during its development to a mature ovum. One polar body is formed in the first division of meiosis and the other in the second division; at each division, the cytoplasm divides unequally, so that the polar body is of much smaller size than the developing oocyte. At the second division in which a polar body is formed, the polar body and the developing oocyte each contain a haploid set of chromosomes." [GOC:ems, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0042033
|
0 |
chemokine biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of chemokines, any member of a family of small chemotactic cytokines; their name is derived from their ability to induce directed chemotaxis in nearby responsive cells. All chemokines possess a number of conserved cysteine residues involved in intramolecular disulfide bond formation. Some chemokines are considered pro-inflammatory and can be induced during an immune response to recruit cells of the immune system to a site of infection, while others are considered homeostatic and are involved in controlling the migration of cells during normal processes of tissue maintenance or development. Chemokines are found in all vertebrates, some viruses and some bacteria." [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemokine, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:12183377] |
|
GO:0042039
|
0 |
vanadium incorporation into metallo-sulfur cluster |
"The incorporation of vanadium a metallo-sulfur cluster such as VFe(7-8)S(n)." [PMID:11053414] |
|
GO:0042040
|
2 |
metal incorporation into metallo-molybdopterin complex |
"The incorporation of a metal into a metallo-molybdopterin complex." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0042054
|
0 |
histone methyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + histone = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + methyl-histone. Histone methylation generally occurs on either an arginine or lysine residue." [EC:2.1.1.43] |
|
GO:0042088
|
0 |
T-helper 1 type immune response |
"An immune response which is associated with resistance to intracellular bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, and pathological conditions such as arthritis, and which is typically orchestrated by the production of particular cytokines by T-helper 1 cells, most notably interferon-gamma, IL-2, and lymphotoxin." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0042092
|
0 |
type 2 immune response |
"An immune response which is associated with resistance to extracellular organisms such as helminths and pathological conditions such as allergy, which is orchestrated by the production of particular cytokines, most notably IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13, by any of a variety of cell types including T-helper 2 cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, and nuocytes, resulting in enhanced production of certain antibody isotypes and other effects." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:18000958, PMID:18007680, PMID:20065995, PMID:20200518] |
|
GO:0042120
|
0 |
alginic acid metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving alginic acid, a hydrophilic polysaccharide occurring in, for example, the cell walls of brown algae (brown seaweeds)." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0042121
|
0 |
alginic acid biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of alginic acid, a hydrophilic polysaccharide occurring in, for example, the cell walls of brown algae (brown seaweeds)." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0042122
|
0 |
alginic acid catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alginic acid, a hydrophilic polysaccharide occurring in, for example, the cell walls of brown algae (brown seaweeds)." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0042139
|
0 |
early meiotic recombination nodule assembly |
"During meiosis, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of strand exchange proteins (recombinases) to form small, electron dense structures in association with meiotic chromosomes during leptotene and zygotene." [GOC:jl, PMID:9334324] |
|
GO:0042140
|
0 |
late meiotic recombination nodule assembly |
"During meiosis, the aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of strand exchange proteins (recombinases) to form small, electron dense structures in association with meiotic chromosomes during pachytene. Involved in the catalysis crossing over." [GOC:jl, PMID:9334324] |
|
GO:0042152
|
0 |
RNA-mediated DNA recombination |
"The reverse transcription of an RNA molecule followed by recombination between the resultant cDNA and its homologous chromosomal allele." [GOC:jl, PMID:8380627] |
|
GO:0042189
|
0 |
vanillin biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of vanillin, an aromatic hydrocarbon which occurs naturally in black vanilla bean pods." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042190
|
0 |
vanillin catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of vanillin, an aromatic hydrocarbon which occurs naturally in black vanilla bean pods." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042195
|
0 |
aerobic gallate catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of gallate, the anion of gallic acid, in the presence of oxygen." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042198
|
0 |
nylon metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving nylon, a polymer where the main polymer chain comprises recurring amide groups; these compounds are generally formed from combinations of diamines, diacids and amino acids." [UniProtKB-KW:KW-0549] |
|
GO:0042211
|
0 |
dimethylsilanediol catabolic process |
"The aerobic chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of dimethylsilanediol, the smallest member of the dialkylsilanediols. Dimethylsilanediol is the monomer of polydimethylsiloxane, a compound which can be found in a wide range of industrial and consumer products." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042220
|
0 |
response to cocaine |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cocaine stimulus. Cocaine is a crystalline alkaloid obtained from the leaves of the coca plant." [CHEBI:27958, GOC:ef, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042243
|
0 |
asexual spore wall assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form an asexual spore wall, the specialized envelope lying outside the cell membrane of a spore derived from an asexual process. Examples of this process are found in Bacterial and Fungal species." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0042244
|
0 |
spore wall assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a spore wall; a spore wall is the specialized envelope lying outside the cell membrane of a spore." [GOC:mah, GOC:pg] |
|
GO:0042247
|
0 |
establishment of planar polarity of follicular epithelium |
"Coordinated organization of groups of cells in the plane of a follicular epithelium, such that they all orient to similar coordinates." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:bf, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0042249
|
0 |
establishment of planar polarity of embryonic epithelium |
"Coordinated organization of groups of cells in the plane of an embryonic epithelium, such that they all orient to similar coordinates." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0042252
|
0 |
establishment of planar polarity of larval imaginal disc epithelium |
"Coordinated organization of groups of cells in the plane of a larval imaginal disc epithelium, such that they all orient to similar coordinates." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042256
|
3 |
mature ribosome assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of the large and small ribosomal subunits into a functional ribosome." [GOC:ma] |
|
GO:0042263
|
0 |
neuropeptide F receptor activity |
"Combining with neuropeptide F and transmitting the signal within the cell to initiate a change in cell activity. Neuropeptide F is an arthropod peptide of more than 28 residues (typically 28-45) with a consensus C-terminal RxRFamide (commonly RPRFa, but also RVRFa." [GOC:bf, GOC:ma, PMID:21440021] |
|
GO:0042274
|
61 |
ribosomal small subunit biogenesis |
"A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a small ribosomal subunit; includes transport to the sites of protein synthesis." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042276
|
8 |
error-prone translesion synthesis |
"The conversion of DNA-damage induced single-stranded gaps into large molecular weight DNA after replication by using a specialized DNA polymerase or replication complex to insert a defined nucleotide across the lesion. This process does not remove the replication-blocking lesions and causes an increase in the endogenous mutation level. For example, in E. coli, a low fidelity DNA polymerase, pol V, copies lesions that block replication fork progress. This produces mutations specifically targeted to DNA template damage sites, but it can also produce mutations at undamaged sites." [GOC:elh, GOC:jl, PMID:11485998] |
|
GO:0042285
|
0 |
xylosyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a xylosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0042292
|
0 |
URM1 activating enzyme activity |
"Catalysis of the activation of the small ubiquitin-related modifier URM1, through the formation of an ATP-dependent high-energy thiolester bond." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0042293
|
0 |
Hub1 activating enzyme activity |
"Catalysis of the activation of the small ubiquitin-related modifier Hub1, through the formation of an ATP-dependent high-energy thiolester bond." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0042304
|
3 |
regulation of fatty acid biosynthetic process |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fatty acids, any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042310
|
1 |
vasoconstriction |
"A decrease in the diameter of blood vessels, especially arteries, usually causing an increase in blood pressure." [ISBN:0192800752] |
|
GO:0042311
|
0 |
vasodilation |
"An increase in the internal diameter of blood vessels, especially arterioles or capillaries, usually resulting in a decrease in blood pressure." [ISBN:0192800981] |
|
GO:0042314
|
0 |
bacteriochlorophyll binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with bacteriochlorophyll, a form of chlorophyll found in photosynthetic bacteria, such as the purple and green bacteria. There are several types, designated a to g. Bacteriochlorophyll a and bacteriochlorophyll b are structurally similar to the chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b found in plants." [ISBN:0192800981] |
|
GO:0042315
|
0 |
obsolete cytosol nonspecific dipeptidase activity |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the hydrolysis of dipeptides, preferentially hydrophobic dipeptides including prolyl amino acids." [EC:3.4.13.18] |
|
GO:0042316
|
0 |
penicillin metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving any antibiotic that contains the condensed beta-lactamthiazolidine ring system. Penicillins are produced naturally during the growth of various microfungi of the genera Penicillium and Aspergillus." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0042321
|
0 |
negative regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep |
"Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the duration or quality of sleep, a readily reversible state of reduced awareness and metabolic activity that occurs periodically in many animals." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:jl, ISBN:0192800981] |
|
GO:0042343
|
0 |
indole glucosinolate metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of indole glucosinolates. Glucosinolates are sulfur-containing compounds that have a common structure linked to an R group derived from tryptophan; indoles are biologically active substances based on 2,3-benzopyrrole, formed during the catabolism of tryptophan." [http://www.onelook.com/] |
|
GO:0042354
|
0 |
L-fucose metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving L-fucose, 6-deoxy-L-galactose, a sugar that occurs in fucans, a class of polysaccharides in seaweeds, especially Fucus species, and in the cell wall matrix of higher plants." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0042360
|
0 |
vitamin E metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving vitamin E, tocopherol, which includes a series of eight structurally similar compounds. Alpha-tocopherol is the most active form in humans and is a powerful biological antioxidant." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0042361
|
0 |
menaquinone catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of menaquinones, any of the quinone-derived compounds synthesized by intestinal bacteria. Structurally, menaquinones consist of a methylated naphthoquinone ring structure and side chains composed of a variable number of unsaturated isoprenoid residues. Menaquinones have vitamin K activity and are known as vitamin K2." [GOC:jl, http://www.dentistry.leeds.ac.uk/biochem/thcme/vitamins.html#k] |
|
GO:0042380
|
0 |
hydroxymethylbutenyl pyrophosphate reductase activity |
"Catalysis of the formation of both isopentenyl pyrophosphate and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate from (E)-4-hydroxy-3-methyl-but-2-enyl pyrophosphate." [GOC:js] |
|
GO:0042382
|
0 |
paraspeckles |
"Discrete subnuclear bodies in the interchromatin nucleoplasmic space, often located adjacent to nuclear specks. 10-20 paraspeckles are typically found in human cell nuclei." [GOC:jl, PMID:11790299] |
|
GO:0042384
|
55 |
cilium assembly |
"The assembly of a cilium, a specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. Each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole." [GOC:kmv, GOC:pr, GOC:vw, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0042385
|
0 |
myosin III complex |
"A myosin complex containing a class III myosin heavy chain and associated light chains; myosin III is monomeric myosin that serves as a link between the cytoskeleton and the signaling complex involved in phototransduction, and differs from all other myosins in having an N-terminal kinase domain." [GOC:jl, http://www.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/myosin/Review/Reviewframeset.html] |
|
GO:0042401
|
6 |
cellular biogenic amine biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways occurring at the level of individual cells resulting in the formation of any of a group of naturally occurring, biologically active amines, such as norepinephrine, histamine, and serotonin, many of which act as neurotransmitters." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172] |
|
GO:0042402
|
6 |
cellular biogenic amine catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways occurring at the level of individual cells resulting in the breakdown of biogenic amines, any of a group of naturally occurring, biologically active amines, such as norepinephrine, histamine, and serotonin, many of which act as neurotransmitters." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0042423
|
6 |
catecholamine biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any of a group of physiologically important biogenic amines that possess a catechol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) nucleus and are derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0042424
|
1 |
catecholamine catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any of a group of physiologically important biogenic amines that possess a catechol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) nucleus and are derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0042431
|
0 |
indole metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving indole (2,3-benzopyrrole), the basis of many biologically active substances (e.g. serotonin, tryptophan)." [CHEBI:35581, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042432
|
0 |
indole biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of indole (2,3-benzopyrrole), the basis of many biologically active substances (e.g. serotonin, tryptophan)." [CHEBI:35581, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042433
|
0 |
indole catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of indole (2,3-benzopyrrole), the basis of many biologically active substances (e.g. serotonin, tryptophan)." [CHEBI:35581, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042438
|
2 |
melanin biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of melanins, pigments largely of animal origin. High molecular weight polymers of indole quinone, they are irregular polymeric structures and are divided into three groups: allomelanins in the plant kingdom and eumelanins and phaeomelanins in the animal kingdom." [CHEBI:25179, GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0042443
|
0 |
phenylethylamine metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving phenylethylamine, an amine with pharmacological properties similar to those of amphetamine, occurs naturally as a neurotransmitter in the brain, and is present in chocolate and oil of bitter almonds." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172] |
|
GO:0042444
|
0 |
phenylethylamine biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phenylethylamine, an amine with pharmacological properties similar to those of amphetamine, occurs naturally as a neurotransmitter in the brain, and is present in chocolate and oil of bitter almonds." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172] |
|
GO:0042445
|
6 |
hormone metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving any hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone." [CHEBI:24621, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042446
|
3 |
hormone biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone." [CHEBI:24621, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042447
|
0 |
hormone catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affects the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone." [CHEBI:24621, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042462
|
0 |
eye photoreceptor cell development |
"Development of a photoreceptor, a sensory cell in the eye that reacts to the presence of light. They usually contain a pigment that undergoes a chemical change when light is absorbed, thus stimulating a nerve." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0192800981] |
|
GO:0042487
|
0 |
regulation of odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation and development of teeth, the hard, bony appendages which are borne on the jaws, or on other bones in the walls of the mouth or pharynx of most vertebrates." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:15355794] |
|
GO:0042488
|
0 |
positive regulation of odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the formation and development of teeth, the hard, bony appendages that are borne on the jaws, or on other bones in the walls of the mouth or pharynx of most vertebrates." [dictyBase_REF:2530, GOC:jl, PMID:15355794] |
|
GO:0042489
|
0 |
negative regulation of odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the formation and development of teeth, the hard, bony appendages which are borne on the jaws, or on other bones in the walls of the mouth or pharynx." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:15355794] |
|
GO:0042490
|
1 |
mechanoreceptor differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a mechanoreceptor, a cell specialized to transduce mechanical stimuli and relay that information centrally in the nervous system." [CL:0000199, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042494
|
0 |
detection of bacterial lipoprotein |
"The series of events in which a bacterial lipoprotein stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal. Bacterial lipoproteins are lipoproteins characterized by the presence of conserved sequence motifs called pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)." [GOC:jl, PMID:12077222] |
|
GO:0042540
|
0 |
hemoglobin catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of hemoglobin, an oxygen carrying, conjugated protein containing four heme groups and globin; especially, the proteolytic cleavage of hemoglobin to yield free heme, peptides, and amino acids." [CHEBI:35143, GOC:jl, GOC:mb] |
|
GO:0042545
|
0 |
cell wall modification |
"The series of events leading to chemical and structural alterations of an existing cell wall that can result in loosening, increased extensibility or disassembly." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042546
|
3 |
cell wall biogenesis |
"A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a cell wall. Includes biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, such as proteins and polysaccharides, and those macromolecular modifications that are involved in synthesis or assembly of the cellular component. A cell wall is the rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal and most prokaryotic cells, maintaining their shape and protecting them from osmotic lysis." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0042547
|
0 |
cell wall modification involved in multidimensional cell growth |
"The series of events resulting in chemical or structural changes to existing cell walls and contribute to multidimensional cell growth." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0042552
|
0 |
myelination |
"The process in which myelin sheaths are formed and maintained around neurons. Oligodendrocytes in the brain and spinal cord and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system wrap axons with compact layers of their plasma membrane. Adjacent myelin segments are separated by a non-myelinated stretch of axon called a node of Ranvier." [GOC:dgh, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0042562
|
0 |
hormone binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any hormone, naturally occurring substances secreted by specialized cells that affect the metabolism or behavior of other cells possessing functional receptors for the hormone." [CHEBI:24621, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042563
|
0 |
importin alpha-subunit nuclear export complex |
"A protein complex which usually consists of three components, e.g. in Xenopus, the importin alpha-subunit/CAS/Ran, and which functions to shuttle the importin alpha-subunit out of the nucleus through the nuclear pore." [GOC:jl, PMID:9323123, PMID:9323134] |
|
GO:0042564
|
0 |
NLS-dependent protein nuclear import complex |
"A protein complex which usually consists of three components, e.g. in Xenopus, the importin alpha and beta-subunits and any protein which has a nuclear localization sequence (NLS). The complex acts to import proteins with an NLS into the nucleus through a nuclear pore." [GOC:jl, PMID:9323123, PMID:9323134] |
|
GO:0042565
|
0 |
RNA nuclear export complex |
"A complex which usually consists of three components, e.g. in Xenopus and yeast, the export receptor CRM1 (also known as exportin 1), the Ran protein and any RNA with a nuclear export sequence (NES). The complex acts to export RNA molecules with a NES from the nucleus through a nuclear pore." [GOC:jl, PMID:9323123] |
|
GO:0042579
|
0 |
microbody |
"Cytoplasmic organelles, spherical or oval in shape, that are bounded by a single membrane and contain oxidative enzymes, especially those utilizing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0042590
|
0 |
antigen processing and presentation of exogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I |
"The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses a peptide antigen of exogenous origin on its cell surface in association with an MHC class I protein complex. The peptide antigen is typically, but not always, processed from a whole protein. Class I here refers to classical class I molecules." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:15771591] |
|
GO:0042597
|
0 |
periplasmic space |
"The region between the inner (cytoplasmic) and outer membrane (Gram-negative Bacteria) or cytoplasmic membrane and cell wall (Fungi and Gram-positive Bacteria)." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:md] |
|
GO:0042598
|
0 |
obsolete vesicular fraction |
"OBSOLETE: Any of the small, heterogeneous, artifactual, vesicular particles that are formed when some cells are homogenized." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042603
|
0 |
capsule |
"A protective structure surrounding some fungi and bacteria, attached externally to the cell wall and composed primarily of polysaccharides. Capsules are highly organized structures that adhere strongly to cells and cannot be easily removed. Capsules play important roles in pathogenicity, preventing phagocytosis by other cells, adherance, and resistance to dessication." [GOC:mlg] |
|
GO:0042684
|
0 |
cardioblast cell fate commitment |
"The process in which a cell becomes committed to becoming a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0042685
|
0 |
cardioblast cell fate specification |
"The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a cardioblast cell in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway; upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0042686
|
0 |
regulation of cardioblast cell fate specification |
"Any process that mediates the specification of a cell into a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0042688
|
0 |
crystal cell differentiation |
"The process in which a hemocyte precursor cell acquires the characteristics of a crystal cell, a class of cells that contain crystalline inclusions and are involved in the melanization of pathogenic material in the hemolymph." [GOC:bf, http://sdb.bio.purdue.edu/fly/gene/serpent3.htm] |
|
GO:0042697
|
0 |
menopause |
"Cessation of menstruation, occurring in (e.g.) the human female usually around the age of 50." [GOC:curators, PMID:18495681] |
|
GO:0042702
|
0 |
uterine wall growth |
"The regrowth of the endometrium and blood vessels in the uterus following menstruation, resulting from a rise in progesterone levels." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042704
|
0 |
uterine wall breakdown |
"The sloughing of the endometrium and blood vessels during menstruation that results from a drop in progesterone levels." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0042709
|
0 |
succinate-CoA ligase complex |
"A heterodimeric enzyme complex, usually composed of an alpha and beta chain. Functions in the TCA cycle, hydrolyzing succinyl-CoA into succinate and CoA, thereby forming ATP or GTP." [EC:6.2.1.4, EC:6.2.1.5, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042710
|
0 |
biofilm formation |
"A process in which planktonically growing microorganisms grow at a liquid-air interface or on a solid substrate under the flow of a liquid and produce extracellular polymers that facilitate matrix formation, resulting in a change in the organisms' growth rate and gene transcription." [GOC:di, PMID:11932229] |
|
GO:0042719
|
0 |
mitochondrial intermembrane space protein transporter complex |
"Soluble complex of the mitochondrial intermembrane space composed of various combinations of small Tim proteins; acts as a protein transporter to guide proteins to the Tim22 complex for insertion into the mitochondrial inner membrane." [PMID:12581629] |
|
GO:0042720
|
0 |
mitochondrial inner membrane peptidase complex |
"Protease complex of the mitochondrial inner membrane, consisting of at least two subunits, involved in processing of both nuclear- and mitochondrially-encoded proteins targeted to the intermembrane space." [PMID:10821182, PMID:12191769] |
|
GO:0042726
|
2 |
flavin-containing compound metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving a flavin, any derivative of the dimethylisoalloxazine (7,8-dimethylbenzo[g]pteridine-2,4(3H,10H)-dione) skeleton, with a substituent on the 10 position." [CHEBI:30527, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0042727
|
2 |
flavin-containing compound biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a flavin, any derivative of the dimethylisoalloxazine (7,8-dimethylbenzo[g]pteridine-2,4(3H,10H)-dione) skeleton, with a substituent on the 10 position." [CHEBI:30527, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0042728
|
0 |
flavin-containing compound catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a flavin, any derivative of the dimethylisoalloxazine (7,8-dimethylbenzo[g]pteridine-2,4(3H,10H)-dione) skeleton, with a substituent on the 10 position." [CHEBI:30527, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0042732
|
1 |
D-xylose metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-xylose, a naturally occurring plant polysaccharide." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0042738
|
0 |
exogenous drug catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a drug that has originated externally to the cell or organism." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042739
|
0 |
endogenous drug catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a drug that has originated internally within the cell or organism." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042740
|
0 |
exogenous antibiotic catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of an antibiotic that has originated externally to the cell or organism." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042741
|
0 |
endogenous antibiotic catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of an antibiotic that has originated internally within the cell or organism." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042743
|
6 |
hydrogen peroxide metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a potentially harmful byproduct of aerobic cellular respiration which can cause damage to DNA." [GOC:jl, http://biotech.icmb.utexas.edu/] |
|
GO:0042748
|
0 |
circadian sleep/wake cycle, non-REM sleep |
"All sleep stages in the circadian sleep/wake cycle other than REM sleep. These stages are characterized by a slowing of brain waves and other physiological functions." [GOC:jl, http://www.sleepquest.com] |
|
GO:0042755
|
77 |
eating behavior |
"The specific behavior of an organism relating to the intake of food, any substance (usually solid) that can be metabolized by an organism to give energy and build tissue." [GOC:jl, GOC:pr, ISBN:01928006X] |
|
GO:0042756
|
0 |
drinking behavior |
"The specific behavior of an organism relating to the intake of liquids, especially water." [GOC:curators, GOC:pr] |
|
GO:0042757
|
0 |
giant axon |
"Extremely large, unmyelinated axon found in invertebrates. Has high conduction speeds and is usually involved in panic or escape responses." [GOC:jl, PMID:9705477] |
|
GO:0042762
|
0 |
regulation of sulfur metabolic process |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving sulfur, the nonmetallic element sulfur or compounds that contain sulfur." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0042763
|
0 |
intracellular immature spore |
"A cell or part of the cell that constitutes an early developmental stage of a spore, a small reproductive body that is highly resistant to desiccation and heat and is capable of growing into a new organism, produced especially by certain bacteria, fungi, algae, and nonflowering plants." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0395825172] |
|
GO:0042764
|
0 |
ascospore-type prospore |
"An immature spore undergoing development. The spore usually consists of nucleic acid, prospore membrane(s) that encase the nucleic acid, and ultimately a cell wall that covers the membrane(s). This type of spore is observed in ascospore-forming fungi." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0042782
|
0 |
passive evasion of host immune response |
"Any mechanism of immune avoidance that does not directly interfere with the host immune system; for example, some viruses enter a state of latency where their protein production is drastically downregulated, meaning that they are not detected by the host immune system. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [PMID:12439615] |
|
GO:0042784
|
0 |
active evasion of host immune response via regulation of host complement system |
"Any mechanism of active immune avoidance which works by regulating the host complement system, e.g. by possessing complement receptors which mediate attachment to, then infection of, host macrophages, which are eventually destroyed. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [http://www.brown.edu/Courses/Bio_160/Projects1999/ies/ces.html] |
|
GO:0042793
|
0 |
transcription from plastid promoter |
"The synthesis of RNA from a plastid DNA template, usually by a specific plastid RNA polymerase." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0321000382] |
|
GO:0042794
|
0 |
rRNA transcription from plastid promoter |
"The synthesis of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) from a plastid DNA template, usually by a specific plastid RNA polymerase." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0321000382] |
|
GO:0042795
|
4 |
snRNA transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter |
"The synthesis of small nuclear RNA (snRNA) from a DNA template by RNA Polymerase II (Pol II), originating at a Pol II promoter." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0321000382] |
|
GO:0042796
|
4 |
snRNA transcription from RNA polymerase III promoter |
"The synthesis of small nuclear RNA (snRNA) from a DNA template by RNA Polymerase III (Pol III), originating at a Pol III promoter." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0321000382] |
|
GO:0042817
|
0 |
pyridoxal metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methyl-4-pyridinecarboxaldehyde, one of the vitamin B6 compounds. Pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine are collectively known as vitamin B6, and are efficiently converted to the biologically active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal phosphate." [GOC:jl, http://www.mblab.gla.ac.uk/] |
|
GO:0042818
|
0 |
pyridoxamine metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving 4-(aminomethyl)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridin-3-ol, one of the vitamin B6 compounds. Pyridoxal, pyridoxamine and pyridoxine are collectively known as vitamin B6, and are efficiently converted to the biologically active form of vitamin B6, pyridoxal phosphate." [CHEBI:16410, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042834
|
0 |
peptidoglycan binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently, in a non-covalent manner, with peptidoglycan, any of a class of glycoconjugates found in bacterial cell walls." [GOC:go_curators, PMID:14698226] |
|
GO:0042842
|
0 |
D-xylose biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of D-xylose, a naturally occurring plant polysaccharide." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0042843
|
0 |
D-xylose catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of D-xylose, a naturally occurring plant polysaccharide." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0042844
|
0 |
glycol metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving glycol, a diol in which the two hydroxy groups are on different carbon atoms, usually but not necessarily adjacent." [CHEBI:13643, http://www.cogsci.princeton.edu/~wn/] |
|
GO:0042845
|
0 |
glycol biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of glycol, a diol in which the two hydroxy groups are on different carbon atoms, usually but not necessarily adjacent." [CHEBI:13643, http://www.cogsci.princeton.edu/~wn/] |
|
GO:0042846
|
0 |
glycol catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glycol, a diol in which the two hydroxy groups are on different carbon atoms, usually but not necessarily adjacent." [CHEBI:13643, http://www.cogsci.princeton.edu/~wn/] |
|
GO:0042847
|
0 |
sorbose biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of sorbose, the ketohexose xylo-2-hexulose. Sorbose is produced commercially by fermentation and is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of ascorbic acid." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0042848
|
0 |
sorbose catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sorbose, the ketohexose xylo-2-hexulose. Sorbose is produced commercially by fermentation and is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of ascorbic acid." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0042904
|
0 |
9-cis-retinoic acid biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 9-cis-retinoic acid, a metabolically active vitamin A derivative." [GOC:jl, PMID:11279029] |
|
GO:0042905
|
0 |
9-cis-retinoic acid metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving 9-cis-retinoic acid, a metabolically active vitamin A derivative." [GOC:jl, PMID:11279029] |
|
GO:0042912
|
0 |
colicin transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of a colicin from one side of a membrane to the other. Colicins are a group of antibiotics produced by E. coli and related species that are encoded by a group of naturally occurring plasmids, e.g. Col E1." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729, PMID:17347522] |
|
GO:0042914
|
0 |
colicin transport |
"The directed movement of a colicin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Colicins are a group of antibiotics produced by E. coli and related species that are encoded by a group of naturally occurring plasmids, e.g. Col E1." [GOC:jl, PMID:17347522] |
|
GO:0042923
|
0 |
neuropeptide binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently and stoichiometrically with neuropeptides, peptides with direct synaptic effects (peptide neurotransmitters) or indirect modulatory effects on the nervous system (peptide neuromodulators)." [http://www.wormbook.org/chapters/www_neuropeptides/neuropeptides.html] |
|
GO:0042924
|
0 |
neuromedin U binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently and stoichiometrically with neuromedin U, a hypothalamic peptide involved in energy homeostasis and stress responses." [GOC:jl, PMID:12584108] |
|
GO:0042928
|
0 |
ferrichrome transport |
"The directed movement of a ferrichrome into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Ferrichromes are any of a group of growth-promoting Fe(III) chelates formed by various genera of microfungi. They are homodetic cyclic hexapeptides made up of a tripeptide of glycine (or other small neutral amino acids) and a tripeptide of an N'acyl-N4-hydroxy-L-ornithine." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0042929
|
0 |
ferrichrome transporter activity |
"Enables the directed movement of a ferrichrome into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. Ferrichromes are any of a group of growth-promoting Fe(III) chelates formed by various genera of microfungi. They are homodetic cyclic hexapeptides made up of a tripeptide of glycine (or other small neutral amino acids) and a tripeptide of an N'acyl-N4-hydroxy-L-ornithine." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0042960
|
0 |
antimonite secondary active transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of antimonite from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0042964
|
0 |
thioredoxin biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of thioredoxin, a small disulfide-containing redox protein that serves as a general protein disulfide oxidoreductase." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0042965
|
0 |
glutaredoxin biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a small disulfide-containing redox protein that serves as a glutathione-disulfide oxidoreductase." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0043024
|
0 |
ribosomal small subunit binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any part of the small ribosomal subunit." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0043035
|
0 |
chromatin insulator sequence binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently and stoichiometrically with a chromatin insulator sequence, a DNA sequence that prevents enhancer-mediated activation or repression of transcription." [GOC:jl, PMID:12783795] |
|
GO:0043036
|
0 |
starch grain |
"Plant storage body for amylose and amylopectin, 1-100um in diameter. Also contains small amounts of enzymes, amino acids, lipids and nucleic acids. The shape of the grain varies widely amongst species, but is often spherical or disk-shaped." [GOC:jl, PMID:11217978] |
|
GO:0043039
|
40 |
tRNA aminoacylation |
"The chemical reactions and pathways by which the various amino acids become bonded to their corresponding tRNAs. The most common route for synthesis of aminoacyl tRNA is by the formation of an ester bond between the 3'-hydroxyl group of the most 3' adenosine of the tRNA, usually catalyzed by the cognate aminoacyl-tRNA ligase. A given aminoacyl-tRNA ligase aminoacylates all species of an isoaccepting group of tRNA molecules." [GOC:ma, GOC:mah, MetaCyc:Aminoacyl-tRNAs] |
|
GO:0043043
|
384 |
peptide biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of peptides, compounds of 2 or more (but usually less than 100) amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another. This may include the translation of a precursor protein and its subsequent processing into a functional peptide." [CHEBI:16670, GOC:dph, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0043063
|
0 |
intercellular bridge organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the intracellular bridge. An intracellular bridge is a direct link between the cytoplasms of sister cells that allows cells to communicate with one another." [GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0043078
|
0 |
polar nucleus |
"Either of two nuclei located centrally in a flowering plant embryo sac that eventually fuse to form the endosperm nucleus." [ISBN:0618254153] |
|
GO:0043084
|
0 |
penile erection |
"The hardening, enlarging and rising of the penis which often occurs in the sexually aroused male and enables sexual intercourse. Achieved by increased inflow of blood into the vessels of erectile tissue, and decreased outflow." [GOC:jl, Wikipedia:Penile_erection] |
|
GO:0043144
|
9 |
snoRNA processing |
"Any process involved in the conversion of a primary small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) transcript into a mature snoRNA." [GOC:go_curators, PMID:12773397] |
|
GO:0043163
|
0 |
cell envelope organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the cell envelope, everything external to, but not including, the cytoplasmic membrane of bacteria, encompassing the periplasmic space, cell wall, and outer membrane if present." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0043164
|
0 |
Gram-negative-bacterium-type cell wall biogenesis |
"A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a cell wall of the type found in Gram-negative bacteria. The cell wall is the rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0815108893] |
|
GO:0043170
|
4033 |
macromolecule metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [CHEBI:33694, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0043171
|
26 |
peptide catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of peptides, compounds of 2 or more (but usually less than 100) amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0043186
|
0 |
P granule |
"A small cytoplasmic, non-membranous RNA/protein complex aggregates in the primordial germ cells of many higher eukaryotes." [GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, PMID:11262230] |
|
GO:0043187
|
0 |
cell septum surface |
"The extracellular (rather than the intracellular) exterior of a dividing septum; this surface is usually composed of cell wall material, for example, lineal (1,3)-beta-D-glucan in S. pombe." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0043188
|
0 |
cell septum edging |
"The cell wall material that surrounds the septum in fungal cells." [GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0043190
|
0 |
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter complex |
"A complex for the transport of metabolites into and out of the cell, typically comprised of four domains; two membrane-associated domains and two ATP-binding domains at the intracellular face of the membrane, that form a central pore through the plasma membrane. Each of the four core domains may be encoded as a separate polypeptide or the domains can be fused in any one of a number of ways into multidomain polypeptides. In Bacteria and Archaebacteria, ABC transporters also include substrate binding proteins to bind substrate external to the cytoplasm and deliver it to the transporter." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:11421269, PMID:15111107] |
|
GO:0043197
|
0 |
dendritic spine |
"A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment - typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable including "thin", "stubby", "mushroom", and "branched", with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity." [GOC:nln] |
|
GO:0043199
|
0 |
sulfate binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with sulfate, SO4(2-), a negatively charged small molecule." [GOC:mlg] |
|
GO:0043209
|
0 |
myelin sheath |
"An electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons. It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system." [GOC:cjm, GOC:jl, NIF_Subcellular:sao-593830697, Wikipedia:Myelin] |
|
GO:0043213
|
0 |
bacteriocin transport |
"The directed movement of a bacteriocin into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Bacteriocins are a group of antibiotics produced by bacteria and are encoded by a group of naturally occurring plasmids, e.g. Col E1. Bacteriocins are toxic to bacteria closely related to the bacteriocin producing strain." [GOC:mlg] |
|
GO:0043247
|
3 |
telomere maintenance in response to DNA damage |
"Any process that occur in response to the presence of critically short or damaged telomeres." [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomere, GOC:jbu, PMID:15279784] |
|
GO:0043269
|
65 |
regulation of ion transport |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0043270
|
10 |
positive regulation of ion transport |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0043271
|
9 |
negative regulation of ion transport |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0043279
|
16 |
response to alkaloid |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an alkaloid stimulus. Alkaloids are a large group of nitrogenous substances found in naturally in plants, many of which have extracts that are pharmacologically active." [CHEBI:22315, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0043288
|
0 |
apocarotenoid metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving apocarotenoids, a class of compounds derived from the oxidative cleavage of carotenoids, many of which are biologically important e.g. retinal and abscisic acid." [GOC:jl, http://www.msu.edu/~schwart1/apocarotenoids.htm] |
|
GO:0043289
|
0 |
apocarotenoid biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of apocarotenoids by the oxidative cleavage of carotenoids. Many apocarotenoids are biologically important e.g. retinal and abscisic acid." [GOC:jl, http://www.msu.edu/~schwart1/apocarotenoids.htm] |
|
GO:0043290
|
0 |
apocarotenoid catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of apocarotenoids, a class of compounds derived from the oxidative cleavage of carotenoids, many of which are biologically important e.g. retinal and abscisic acid." [GOC:jl, http://www.msu.edu/~schwart1/apocarotenoids.htm] |
|
GO:0043293
|
0 |
apoptosome |
"A multisubunit protein complex involved in the signaling phase of the apoptotic process. In mammals it is typically composed of seven Apaf-1 subunits bound to cytochrome c and caspase-9. A similar complex to promote apoptosis is formed from homologous gene products in other eukaryotic organisms." [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:10428850, PMID:11406413, PMID:12176339, PMID:15189137] |
|
GO:0043294
|
0 |
mitochondrial glutamate synthase complex (NADH) |
"A protein complex, found in the mitochondria, that in yeast consists of a large and a small subunit. Possesses glutamate synthase (NADH) activity." [GOC:jl, PMID:7047525] |
|
GO:0043396
|
0 |
corticotropin-releasing hormone secretion |
"The regulated release of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), a polypeptide hormone involved in the stress response. CRH is produced by the hypothalamus and stimulates corticotropic cells of the anterior lobe of the pituitary to produce corticotropic hormone (CTH) and other biologically active substances e.g. 2-endorphin, release of CRH is affected by serum levels of cortisol, by stress and by the sleep/wake cycle." [GOC:go_curators, PMID:11027914] |
|
GO:0043411
|
0 |
obsolete myopalladin binding |
"OBSOLETE. Interacting selectively and non-covalently with myopalladin, a myofibrillar protein with titin-like Ig domains." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0043465
|
0 |
regulation of fermentation |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fermentation, the anaerobic enzymatic conversion of organic compounds, especially carbohydrates, to other compounds, especially to ethyl alcohol, resulting in energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP)." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0043491
|
1 |
protein kinase B signaling |
"A series of reactions, mediated by the intracellular serine/threonine kinase protein kinase B (also called AKT), which occurs as a result of a single trigger reaction or compound." [GOC:bf, PMID:20517722] |
|
GO:0043493
|
0 |
viral terminase complex |
"A complex of a large and small subunit which catalyze the packaging of DNA into viral heads. Note that not all viral terminases have this structure, some exist as single polypeptides." [GOC:bf, GOC:bm, GOC:jl, GOC:mlg] |
|
GO:0043549
|
76 |
regulation of kinase activity |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule." [GOC:bf] |
|
GO:0043550
|
4 |
regulation of lipid kinase activity |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lipid kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a simple or complex lipid." [GOC:bf] |
|
GO:0043551
|
1 |
regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to an inositol lipid at the 3' position of the inositol ring." [GOC:bf] |
|
GO:0043555
|
1 |
regulation of translation in response to stress |
"Modulation of the frequency, rate or extent of translation as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0043574
|
10 |
peroxisomal transport |
"Transport of substances into, out of or within a peroxisome, a small, membrane-bounded organelle that uses dioxygen (O2) to oxidize organic molecules." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0043577
|
0 |
chemotropism |
"The movement of an organism, or part of an organism, in response to an external chemical gradient, usually toward or away from it." [GOC:jl, PMID:10087613] |
|
GO:0043580
|
0 |
periplasmic space organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the periplasmic space, the region between the inner (cytoplasmic) and outer membrane in Gram-negative bacteria, or the inner membrane and cell wall in fungi." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0043586
|
0 |
tongue development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the tongue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The tongue is the movable, muscular organ on the floor of the mouth of most vertebrates, in many other mammals is the principal organ of taste, aids in the prehension of food, in swallowing, and in modifying the voice as in speech." [GOC:jl, UBERON:0001723] |
|
GO:0043587
|
0 |
tongue morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structures of the tongue are generated and organized. The tongue is the movable, muscular organ on the floor of the mouth of most vertebrates, in man other mammals is the principal organ of taste, aids in the prehension of food, in swallowing, and in modifying the voice as in speech." [GOC:jl, UBERON:0001723] |
|
GO:0043588
|
0 |
skin development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skin over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skin is the external membranous integument of an animal. In vertebrates the skin generally consists of two layers, an outer nonsensitive and nonvascular epidermis (cuticle or skarfskin) composed of cells which are constantly growing and multiplying in the deeper, and being thrown off in the superficial layers, as well as an inner vascular dermis (cutis, corium or true skin) composed mostly of connective tissue." [GOC:jl, UBERON:0002097] |
|
GO:0043589
|
0 |
skin morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structures of the skin are generated and organized. The skin is the external membranous integument of an animal. In vertebrates the skin generally consists of two layers, an outer nonsensitive and nonvascular epidermis (cuticle or skarfskin) composed of cells which are constantly growing and multiplying in the deeper, and being thrown off in the superficial layers, as well as an inner, sensitive and vascular dermis (cutis, corium or true skin) composed mostly of connective tissue." [GOC:jl, UBERON:0002097] |
|
GO:0043592
|
0 |
exosporium |
"The outermost layer of a bacterial endospore, which is loosely attached and located outside of the endospore coat. It is generally composed of protein, carbohydrate, and perhaps lipid." [GOC:mlg] |
|
GO:0043595
|
0 |
endospore cortex |
"A layer surrounding a bacterial endospore found inside the outer endospore membrane, but outside the membrane surrounding the endospore core. It consists of peptidoglycan of a different chemical nature than that found in vegetative cell walls which results in less cross-linking of peptidoglycan." [GOC:mlg] |
|
GO:0043614
|
0 |
multi-eIF complex |
"A multifactor complex composed of multiple translation initiation factors and the initiatior tRNAiMet, which is ready to bind to the small (40S) ribosome to form the 43S preinitiation complex. In S. cerevisiae, this complex is composed of eIF1, eIF2, eIF3, and eIF5." [GOC:krc] |
|
GO:0043618
|
8 |
regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to stress |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0043620
|
9 |
regulation of DNA-templated transcription in response to stress |
"Modulation of the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from a DNA template as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [GOC:jl, GOC:txnOH] |
|
GO:0043626
|
0 |
PCNA complex |
"A protein complex composed of three identical PCNA monomers, each comprising two similar domains, which are joined in a head-to-tail arrangement to form a homotrimer. Forms a ring-like structure in solution, with a central hole sufficiently large to accommodate the double helix of DNA. Originally characterized as a DNA sliding clamp for replicative DNA polymerases and as an essential component of the replisome, and has also been shown to be involved in other processes including Okazaki fragment processing, DNA repair, translesion DNA synthesis, DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling and cell cycle regulation." [GOC:jl, PMID:12829735] |
|
GO:0043629
|
0 |
ncRNA polyadenylation |
"The enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues at the 3' end of a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule. In eukaryotes, substrates include nuclear non-coding RNAs such as precursors and a variety of incorrectly processed forms of snRNAs, snoRNAs, rRNAs, and tRNAs, as well as discarded RNA fragments which have been removed from ncRNA primary transcripts. Polyadenylation of precursors is often linked to termination of transcription, but polyadenylation of RNAs targeted for degradation may also occur post-transcriptionally. This polyadenylation is important both for 3'-end processing to produce mature ncRNA species and also for targeting incorrectly processed or discarded RNA molecules for degradation." [GOC:dgf, GOC:krc, GOC:rn, PMID:15828860, PMID:15935758, PMID:16374505, PMID:16431988, PMID:18951092] |
|
GO:0043645
|
0 |
cephalosporin metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving a cephalosporin, any of large class of tetracyclic triterpene broad-spectrum antibiotics similar both chemically and in their mode of action to penicillin, first isolated from the culture filtrates of mediterranean fungus acremonium (cephalosporium acremonium), and effective against gram-positive bacteria." [CHEBI:23066, GOC:jl, Wikipedia:Cephalosporin] |
|
GO:0043646
|
0 |
cephalosporin biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a cephalosporin, any of large class of tetracyclic triterpene broad-spectrum antibiotics similar both chemically and in their mode of action to penicillin, first isolated from the culture filtrates of mediterranean fungus acremonium (cephalosporium acremonium), and effective against gram-positive bacteria." [CHEBI:23066, GOC:jl, Wikipedia:Cephalosporin] |
|
GO:0043657
|
0 |
host cell |
"A cell within a host organism. Includes the host plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the host cell wall and cell envelope." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0043660
|
0 |
bacteroid-containing symbiosome |
"A symbiosome containing any of various structurally modified bacteria, such as those occurring on the root nodules of leguminous plants." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0043663
|
0 |
host bacteroid-containing symbiosome |
"A symbiosome containing any of various structurally modified bacteria, such as those occurring on the root nodules of leguminous plants, of a host cell." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0043667
|
0 |
pollen wall |
"The complex wall surrounding a pollen grain." [GOC:fz] |
|
GO:0043668
|
0 |
exine |
"The outer layer of the pollen grain wall which is composed primarily of sporopollenin." [http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/] |
|
GO:0043669
|
0 |
ectexine |
"The outer part of the exine, which stains positively with basic fuchsin in optical microscopy and has higher electron density in conventionally prepared TEM sections." [http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/] |
|
GO:0043677
|
0 |
germination pore |
"A small pore in the outer wall of a mycelial spore through which the germ tube exits upon germination. It can be apical or eccentric in its location." [Wikipedia:Germ_pore] |
|
GO:0043678
|
0 |
intine |
"The innermost of the major layers of the pollen grain wall which underlies the exine and borders the cytoplasm." [http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/research/APweb/] |
|
GO:0043680
|
0 |
filiform apparatus |
"A complex of cell wall invaginations in a synergid cell, similar to those in transfer cells." [ISBN:0471245208] |
|
GO:0043690
|
0 |
cell-cell adhesion involved in flocculation via cell wall protein-carbohydrate interaction |
"The attachment of one single cell organism to another during flocculation via the interaction a protein in the cell wall of one cell with a carbohydrate in the cell wall of another In Saccharomyces this process is mannose-sensitive." [GOC:dos, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0043705
|
0 |
cyanophycin metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving cyanophycin, a non-protein, non-ribosomally produced amino acid polymer composed of an aspartic acid backbone and arginine side groups." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0043711
|
0 |
pilus organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a pilus, a short filamentous structure on a bacterial cell, flagella-like in structure and generally present in many copies." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0043846
|
0 |
DNA polymerase III, clamp loader complex |
"A heptamer that includes the tau and gamma products of the dnaX gene and the chi/psi subcomplex. Confers structural asymmetry that allows the polymerase to replicate both leading and lagging strands." [PMID:12940977] |
|
GO:0043848
|
0 |
excinuclease cho activity |
"Catalysis of the incision of damaged DNA on the 3' side of a lesion, typically at the ninth phosphodiester bond 3' of the damage." [IMG:00499, PMID:11818552] |
|
GO:0043850
|
0 |
RecFOR complex |
"A heterotrimeric complex composed of the subunits RecF, RecO and RecR. Mediates the loading of RecA protein specifically onto SSB-coated gapped DNA during DNA repair." [IMG:01764, PMID:12769856] |
|
GO:0043876
|
0 |
D-threonine aldolase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: D-threonine (or D-allo-threonine) = glycine + acetaldehyde." [MetaCyc:4.1.2.42-RXN, PMID:9642221] |
|
GO:0043879
|
0 |
glycolate transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of glycolate from one side of a membrane to the other. Glycolate is the smallest alpha-hydroxy acid (AHA)." [CHEBI:28905, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0043913
|
0 |
chromosome segregation-directing complex |
"A trimeric protein complex which in E. coli is composed of the subunits MreB, MreC and MreD. The complex directs longitudinal cell wall synthesis, maintaining cell morphology." [GOC:jl, PMID:15612918] |
|
GO:0043947
|
0 |
positive regulation by host of symbiont catalytic activity |
"Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont enzyme activity. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0044010
|
0 |
single-species biofilm formation |
"A process in which planktonically growing microorganisms of the same species grow at a liquid-air interface or on a solid substrate under the flow of a liquid and produce extracellular polymers that facilitate matrix formation, resulting in a change in the organisms' growth rate and gene transcription." [GOC:cc, GOC:di, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0044036
|
10 |
cell wall macromolecule metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules forming, or destined to form, part of the cell wall. A cell wall is a rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal and most prokaryotic cells, maintaining their shape and protecting them from osmotic lysis." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0044037
|
0 |
multi-organism cell wall macromolecule metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules forming, or destined to form, part of a cell wall, involving more than one organism. A cell wall is a rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal and most prokaryotic cells, maintaining their shape and protecting them from osmotic lysis." [GOC:mah, GOC:tair_curators] |
|
GO:0044038
|
3 |
cell wall macromolecule biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule destined to form part of a cell wall." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0044069
|
0 |
modulation by symbiont of host anion transport |
"The process in which a symbiont organism modulates the anion transport, the directed movement of anions, atoms or small molecules with a net negative charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, of its host organism." [MITRE:tk] |
|
GO:0044070
|
22 |
regulation of anion transport |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of anions, atoms or small molecules with a net negative charge into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044082
|
0 |
modulation by symbiont of host small GTPase mediated signal transduction |
"Any process in which a symbiont organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction in its host organism." [MITRE:tk] |
|
GO:0044084
|
0 |
host cell membrane pore complex |
"Any small opening in a host cell membrane that allows the passage of gases and/or liquids, composed of host proteins." [MITRE:tk] |
|
GO:0044106
|
37 |
cellular amine metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving any organic compound that is weakly basic in character and contains an amino or a substituted amino group, as carried out by individual cells. Amines are called primary, secondary, or tertiary according to whether one, two, or three carbon atoms are attached to the nitrogen atom." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044150
|
0 |
development of organism on or near symbiont surface |
"The progression of an organism from an initial condition to a later condition, occurring on or near the exterior of its symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044151
|
0 |
growth of organism on or near symbiont surface |
"The increase in size or mass of an organism occurring on or near the exterior of its symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044155
|
0 |
host caveola |
"A small pit, depression, or invagination, such as any of the minute pits or incuppings of the host cell membrane formed during pinocytosis, that communicates with the outside of a host cell and extends inward, indenting the host cytoplasm and the host cell membrane. Such caveolae may be pinched off to form free vesicles within the host cytoplasm. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:rph] |
|
GO:0044158
|
0 |
host cell wall |
"The rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the host cell membrane of plant, fungal, and most prokaryotic cells, maintaining their shape and protecting them from osmotic lysis. In plants it is made of cellulose and, often, lignin; in fungi it is composed largely of polysaccharides; in bacteria it is composed of peptidoglycan." [GOC:rph] |
|
GO:0044159
|
0 |
host thylakoid |
"A membranous cellular structure within the host cell that bears the photosynthetic pigments in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. In cyanobacteria thylakoids are of various shapes and are attached to, or continuous with, the host plasma membrane. In eukaryotic host cells they are flattened, membrane-bounded disk-like structures located in the chloroplasts; in the chloroplasts of higher plants the thylakoids form dense stacks called grana. Isolated thylakoid preparations can carry out photosynthetic electron transport and the associated phosphorylation." [GOC:rph] |
|
GO:0044163
|
0 |
host cytoskeleton |
"Any of the various filamentous elements that form the internal framework of host cells, and typically remain after treatment of the cells with mild detergent to remove membrane constituents and soluble components of the host cytoplasm. The term embraces intermediate filaments, microfilaments, microtubules, the microtrabecular lattice, and other structures characterized by a polymeric filamentous nature and long-range order within the host cell. The various elements of the host cytoskeleton not only serve in the maintenance of host cellular shape but also have roles in other host cellular functions, including cellular movement, cell division, endocytosis, and movement of organelles." [GOC:rph] |
|
GO:0044165
|
0 |
host cell endoplasmic reticulum |
"The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the host cell cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The host ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached)." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044168
|
0 |
host cell rough endoplasmic reticulum |
"The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the host cell cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The host rough ER has ribosomes adhering to the outer surface." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044170
|
0 |
host cell smooth endoplasmic reticulum |
"The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the host cell cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The host smooth ER has no ribosomes adhering to the outer surface." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044176
|
0 |
host cell filopodium |
"Thin, stiff protrusion extended by the leading edge of a motile host cell such as a crawling fibroblast or amoeba, or an axonal growth cone; usually approximately 0.1 um wide, 5-10 um long, can be up to 50 um long in axon growth cones; contains a loose bundle of about 20 actin filaments oriented with their plus ends pointing outward." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044187
|
0 |
host cell lysosome |
"A small lytic vacuole that has cell cycle-independent morphology and is found in most host animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases, most of which have their maximal activities in the pH range 5-6. The contained enzymes display latency if properly isolated. About 40 different lysosomal hydrolases are known and host cell lysosomes have a great variety of morphologies and functions." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044189
|
0 |
obsolete host cell microsome |
"OBSOLETE: Any of the small, heterogeneous, artifactual, vesicular particles, 50-150 nm in diameter, that are formed when some eukaryotic host cells are homogenized and that sediment on centrifugation at 100000 g." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044196
|
0 |
host cell nucleolus |
"A small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic host cells." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044199
|
0 |
host cell nuclear envelope |
"The double lipid bilayer enclosing the host nucleus and separating its contents from the rest of the host cytoplasm; includes the intermembrane space, a gap of width 20-40 nm (also called the perinuclear space)." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044219
|
0 |
host cell plasmodesma |
"A fine cytoplasmic channel, found in all higher plants, that connects the cytoplasm of one host cell to that of an adjacent host cell." [GOC:rph] |
|
GO:0044223
|
0 |
pirellulosome |
"A cytoplasmic structure found in bacterial phyla Planctomycetes and Verrucomicrobia containing a condensed nucleoid and ribosomes and surrounded by an intracytoplasmic membrane. It is surrounded by ribosome-free cytoplasm, in a compartment called the paryphoplasm." [GOC:dh, PMID:19133117] |
|
GO:0044228
|
0 |
host cell surface |
"The external part of the host cell wall and/or host plasma membrane." [GOC:rph] |
|
GO:0044229
|
0 |
host cell periplasmic space |
"The region between the inner (cytoplasmic) and outer host membrane (Gram-negative Bacteria) or inner host membrane and host cell wall (Fungi)." [GOC:rph] |
|
GO:0044230
|
0 |
host cell envelope |
"An envelope that surrounds a bacterial host cell and includes the host cytoplasmic membrane and everything external, encompassing the host periplasmic space, host cell wall, and host outer membrane if present." [GOC:rph] |
|
GO:0044232
|
0 |
organelle membrane contact site |
"A zone of apposition between the membranes of two organelles, structured by bridging complexes. Membrane contact sites (MCSs) are specialized for communication, including the efficient traffic of small molecules such as Ca2+ ions and lipids, as well as enzyme-substrate interactions." [GOC:jl, PMID:16806880] |
|
GO:0044238
|
4709 |
primary metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving those compounds which are formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism." [GOC:go_curators, http://www.metacyc.org] |
|
GO:0044239
|
0 |
salivary polysaccharide catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polysaccharides by salivary amylase. Salivary amylase is released by salivary glands, usually in the mouth." [GOC:jl, http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/] |
|
GO:0044247
|
5 |
cellular polysaccharide catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polysaccharides, polymers of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically, as carried out by individual cells." [CHEBI:18154, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044258
|
1 |
intestinal lipid catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown into fatty acids and monoglycerides of lipids in the small intestine. Lipids are broken down by lipases released by the pancreas." [GOC:jl, http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/] |
|
GO:0044260
|
3462 |
cellular macromolecule metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass, as carried out by individual cells." [CHEBI:33694, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0044277
|
0 |
cell wall disassembly |
"A process that results in the breakdown of the cell wall." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044278
|
0 |
cell wall disruption in other organism |
"A process carried out by an organism that results in the breakdown of the cell wall of a second organism." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044281
|
785 |
small molecule metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving small molecules, any low molecular weight, monomeric, non-encoded molecule." [GOC:curators, GOC:pde, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0044282
|
108 |
small molecule catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of small molecules, any low molecular weight, monomeric, non-encoded molecule." [GOC:curators, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0044283
|
163 |
small molecule biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of small molecules, any low molecular weight, monomeric, non-encoded molecule." [GOC:curators, GOC:pde, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0044288
|
0 |
puncta adhaerentia |
"A small version of the zonula adherens type junction, characterized by a symmetrical adherent point between two cells." [NIF_Subcellular:sao257629430] |
|
GO:0044293
|
0 |
dendriole |
"Small dendrites that makes up a brush structure found as the terminal specialization of a dendrite of a unipolar brush cell (UBC)." [GOC:jl, NIF_Subcellular:sao28175134, NIF_Subcellular:sao295057932, PMID:8300904] |
|
GO:0044296
|
0 |
dendritic tuft |
"The terminal specialization found in some types of dendrites which consists of numerous small terminal branches, giving the dendrite a tufted appearance." [NIF_Subcellular:sao1340260079] |
|
GO:0044297
|
0 |
cell body |
"The portion of a cell bearing surface projections such as axons, dendrites, cilia, or flagella that includes the nucleus, but excludes all cell projections." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0044299
|
0 |
C-fiber |
"The axon of a dorsal root ganglion cell that are responsive to pain and temperature. C-fibers are small in diameter (0.2-1.5 um) and unmyelinated." [NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090210] |
|
GO:0044300
|
0 |
cerebellar mossy fiber |
"An axon arising from cerebellar projecting cells in the cochlea, vestibular nuclei, spinal cord, reticular formation, cerebellar nuclei and basilar pontine nuclei. Mossy fibers enter through all three cerebellar peduncles and send collaterals to the deep cerebellar nuclei, then branch in the white matter and terminate in the granule cell layer. Through this branching, a given mossy fiber can innervate several folia. Mossy fibers synapse on granule cells. The synaptic contacts are made at enlargements along the length of the mossy fiber called mossy fiber rosettes. The enlargements of the rosettes give the axons as "mossy" appearance in Golgi stained preparations." [NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090209] |
|
GO:0044303
|
0 |
axon collateral |
"Any of the smaller branches of an axon that emanate from the main axon cylinder." [NIF_Subcellular:sao1470140754] |
|
GO:0044308
|
0 |
axonal spine |
"A spine that originates from the axon, usually from the initial segment." [NIF_Subcellular:sao18239917] |
|
GO:0044309
|
0 |
neuron spine |
"A small membranous protrusion, often ending in a bulbous head and attached to the neuron by a narrow stalk or neck." [ISBN:0198504888, NIF_Subcellular:sao1145756102] |
|
GO:0044312
|
0 |
crystalloid |
"A transient, cytoplasmic organelle found in Plasmodium species that resembles a cytoplasmic inclusion body and whose function is poorly understood. Crystalloids form in ookinetes and disappear after ookinete-to-oocyst transformation." [GOC:jl, PMID:19932717] |
|
GO:0044317
|
0 |
rod spherule |
"A specialized neuron projection which is the site of synaptic transmission produced by retinal rod cells. Rod spherules are small round enlargements of the axon (3-5 micrometers diameter) or even extensions of the cell body." [http://webvision.med.utah.edu/photo2.html] |
|
GO:0044325
|
0 |
ion channel binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with one or more specific sites on an ion channel, a protein complex that spans a membrane and forms a water-filled channel across the phospholipid bilayer allowing selective ion transport down its electrochemical gradient." [GOC:BHF, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044347
|
0 |
cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cell wall polysaccharides." [GOC:mengo_curators] |
|
GO:0044348
|
0 |
plant-type cell wall cellulose catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of cellulose, a linear beta1-4 glucan of molecular mass 50-400 kDa with the pyranose units in the -4C1 conformation, which forms part of the cell wall." [GOC:mengo_curators] |
|
GO:0044350
|
0 |
micropinocytosis |
"An endocytosis process that results in the uptake of liquid material by cells from their external environment by invagination of the plasma membrane to form uncoated micropinosomes, differentiated from macropinosomes by their smaller size, on average 95 nm." [PMID:14731589, PMID:14732047] |
|
GO:0044351
|
0 |
macropinocytosis |
"An endocytosis process that results in the uptake of liquid material by cells from their external environment by the 'ruffling' of the cell membrane to form heterogeneously sized intracellular vesicles called macropinosomes, which can be up to 5 micrometers in size." [PMID:14732047] |
|
GO:0044371
|
0 |
feeding from phloem of other organism |
"The behaviour of consuming phloem sap, usually by penetration of the phloem wall, for the purposes of nutrition." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044374
|
0 |
sequence-specific DNA binding, bending |
"The activity of binding selectively and non-covalently to DNA in a sequence-specific manner and distorting the original structure of DNA, typically a straight helix, into a bend, or increasing the bend if the original structure was intrinsically bent due to its sequence." [GOC:jl, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0044375
|
1 |
regulation of peroxisome size |
"Any process that modulates the volume of a peroxisome, a small, membrane-bounded organelle that uses dioxygen (O2) to oxidize organic molecules." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044425
|
0 |
membrane part |
"Any constituent part of a membrane, a double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044377
|
0 |
RNA polymerase II core promoter proximal region sequence-specific DNA binding, bending |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a sequence of DNA that is in cis with and relatively close to a core promoter for RNA polymerase II and distorting the original structure of DNA, typically a straight helix, into a bend, or increasing the bend if the original structure was intrinsically bent due to its sequence." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044378
|
0 |
non-sequence-specific DNA binding, bending |
"The activity of binding selectively and non-covalently to DNA in a sequence-independent manner and distorting the original structure of DNA, typically a straight helix, into a bend, or increasing the bend if the original structure was intrinsically bent due to its sequence." [GOC:jl, GOC:vw, PMID:20123079] |
|
GO:0044385
|
0 |
integral to membrane of host cell |
"Penetrating at least one phospholipid bilayer of a membrane. May also refer to the state of being buried in the bilayer with no exposure outside the bilayer. When used to describe a protein, indicates that all or part of the peptide sequence is embedded in the membrane. Occurring in a host cell." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044388
|
0 |
small protein activating enzyme binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a small protein activating enzyme, such as ubiquitin-activating enzyme." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044391
|
0 |
ribosomal subunit |
"Either of the two subunits of a ribosome: the ribosomal large subunit or the ribosomal small subunit." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044395
|
0 |
protein targeting to vacuolar membrane |
"The process of directing proteins towards the vacuolar membrane; usually uses signals contained within the protein." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044399
|
0 |
multi-species biofilm formation |
"A process in which planktonically growing microorganisms of different species grow at a liquid-air interface or on a solid substrate under the flow of a liquid and produce extracellular polymers that facilitate matrix formation, resulting in a change in the organisms' growth rate and gene transcription." [GOC:cc, GOC:di, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0044405
|
0 |
recognition of host |
"The set of specific processes that allow an organism to detect the presence of its host via physical or chemical signals. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0044410
|
0 |
entry into host through natural portals |
"Penetration by an organism into its host organism via naturally occurring openings in the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0044414
|
0 |
suppression of host defenses |
"Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of host defense(s) by active mechanisms that normally result in the shutting down of a host pathway. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0044424
|
0 |
intracellular part |
"Any constituent part of the living contents of a cell; the matter contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane, usually taken to exclude large vacuoles and masses of secretory or ingested material. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044426
|
0 |
cell wall part |
"Any constituent part of the cell wall, the rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal, and most prokaryotic cells, maintaining their shape and protecting them from osmotic lysis." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044429
|
0 |
mitochondrial part |
"Any constituent part of a mitochondrion, a semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044432
|
0 |
endoplasmic reticulum part |
"Any constituent part of the endoplasmic reticulum, the irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044438
|
0 |
microbody part |
"Any constituent part of a microbody, a cytoplasmic organelle, spherical or oval in shape, that is bounded by a single membrane and contains oxidative enzymes, especially those utilizing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044439
|
0 |
peroxisomal part |
"Any constituent part of a peroxisome, a small, membrane-bounded organelle that uses dioxygen (O2) to oxidize organic molecules; contains some enzymes that produce and others that degrade hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044441
|
0 |
ciliary part |
"Any constituent part of a cilium, a specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. Each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic (plasma) membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole." [GOC:cilia, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044444
|
0 |
cytoplasmic part |
"Any constituent part of the cytoplasm, all of the contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044447
|
0 |
axoneme part |
"Any constituent part of an axoneme, the bundle of microtubules and associated proteins that forms the core of cilia (also called flagella) in eukaryotic cells and is responsible for their movements." [GOC:cilia, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044452
|
0 |
nucleolar part |
"Any constituent part of a nucleolus, a small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is rich in RNA and protein, is not bounded by a limiting membrane, and is not seen during mitosis." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044457
|
0 |
cell septum part |
"Any constituent part of a cell septum, a structure composed of peptidoglycan and often chitin in addition to other materials. It usually forms perpendicular to the long axis of a cell or hypha and grows centripetally from the cell wall to the center of the cell and often functions in the compartmentalization of a cell into two daughter cells." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044458
|
0 |
motile cilium assembly |
"The assembly of a motile cilium, a cilium that contains a regular longitudinal array of axonemal microtubules. In vertebrates, motile cilia are usually formed around a 9 + 2 microtubule core structure. Motile cilia are often found in tissues where propagation of fluid is necessary for proper organ development or function." [PMID:21129373, ZFIN:dsf] |
|
GO:0044462
|
0 |
external encapsulating structure part |
"Any constituent part of an external encapsulating structure, a structure that lies outside the plasma membrane and surrounds the entire cell. This does not include the periplasmic space but does include the outer membrane (of gram negative bacteria) or cell wall (of yeast or Gram positive bacteria)." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044464
|
0 |
cell part |
"Any constituent part of a cell, the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044467
|
0 |
glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor secretion |
"The regulated release of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor from a cell. Glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is a small protein that potently promotes the survival of many types of neurons, notably dopaminergic and motor neurons." [GOC:yaf, PMID:17505307] |
|
GO:0044548
|
0 |
S100 protein binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a S100 protein. S100 is a small calcium and zinc binding protein produced in astrocytes that is implicated in Alzheimer's disease, Down Syndrome and ALS." [GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0044551
|
0 |
envenomation resulting in modulation of vasodilation in other organism |
"A process that begins with venom being forced into an organism by the bite or sting of another organism, and ends with resultant modulation of vasodilation of blood vessels, usually causing a reduction in blood pressure, in the bitten/stung organism." [GOC:ecd, GOC:jl, PMID:21050868] |
|
GO:0044552
|
0 |
modulation of vasodilation in other organism |
"A process by which an organism causes vasodilation of blood vessels, usually causing a reduction in blood pressure, in another organism." [GOC:ecd, GOC:jl, PMID:21050868] |
|
GO:0044557
|
0 |
relaxation of smooth muscle |
"A process in which the extent of smooth muscle contraction is reduced. Smooth muscle differs from striated muscle in the much higher actin/myosin ratio, the absence of conspicuous sarcomeres and the ability to contract to a much smaller fraction of its resting length." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044565
|
0 |
dendritic cell proliferation |
"The expansion of a dendritic cell population by cell division. A dendritic cell is a cell of hematopoietic origin, typically resident in particular tissues, specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation." [CL:0000451, PMID:18469816] |
|
GO:0044567
|
0 |
primary cell wall cellulose synthase complex |
"A large, multimeric protein complex which catalyzes the biosynthesis of cellulose for the plant primary cell wall. In Arabidopsis, contains the essential component proteins CESA1 and -3, and a CESA6-related protein." [GOC:mengo_curators, GOC:tt, PMID:17878302, PMID:21307367] |
|
GO:0044568
|
0 |
secondary cell wall cellulose synthase complex |
"A large, multimeric protein complex which catalyzes the biosynthesis of cellulose for the plant secondary cell wall. In Arabidopsis, contains the essential component proteins CESA8, CESA7, and CESA4." [GOC:mengo_curators, GOC:tt, PMID:21307367] |
|
GO:0044575
|
0 |
cellulosome assembly |
"The assembly of a cellulosome, a macromolecular multi-enzyme complex in bacteria that facilitates the breakdown of cellulase, hemicellulase and pectin in the plant cell wall." [GOC:mengo_curators, GOC:tt, PMID:20373916] |
|
GO:0044613
|
0 |
nuclear pore central transport channel |
"The central substructure of the nuclear pore complex (NPC), through which nucleocytoplasmic transport of RNAs, proteins and small molecules occurs. The central transport channel is filled with FG-nucleoporins, which form a selective barrier and provide a series of binding sites for transporter proteins. Characterized S. cerevisiae FG-nucleoporins include Nup159p, Nup145Np, Nup116p, Nup100p, Nsp1p, Nup57p, Nup49p, Nup42p, Nup53p, Nup59p/Asm4p, Nup60p and Nup1. Characterized vertebrate FG-nucleoporins include Nup214, Nup98, Nup62, Nup54, Nup58/45, NLP1, and Nup153." [GOC:dgf, PMID:18046406, PMID:19524430, PMID:20947011, PMID:22419078] |
|
GO:0044679
|
0 |
methanophenazine reducing hydrogenase complex |
"A protein complex which catalyzes the conversion of methanophenazine and hydrogen to form dihydromethanophenazine. This typically consists of three polypeptides" [GOC:mengo_curators, PMID:9555882] |
|
GO:0044683
|
0 |
methylthiol:coenzyme M methyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the overall reaction: methyl-Co(III) methylated-thiol-specific corrinoid protein + coenzyme M = Co(I) methylated--thiol-specific corrinoid protein + methyl-CoM." [MetaCyc:RXN-8125, PMID:9371433] |
|
GO:0044694
|
0 |
pore-mediated entry of viral genome into host cell |
"Injection by a non-enveloped virus of the viral genome into the host cytoplasm through creation of a pore or channel in the host cell membrane(s). Usually mediated by a viral pore-forming peptide associated with the viral capsid or bacteriophage tail." [GOC:jl, UniProtKB-KW:KW-1172, VZ:979] |
|
GO:0044732
|
0 |
mitotic spindle pole body |
"The microtubule organizing center on a spindle that forms as part of mitosis; functionally homologous to the animal cell centrosome." [GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0044744
|
43 |
protein targeting to nucleus |
"The process of directing proteins towards the nucleus, usually using signals contained within the protein." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044765
|
1586 |
single-organism transport |
"The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore, involving a single organism." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044766
|
0 |
multi-organism transport |
"The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore, involving more than one organism." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044782
|
57 |
cilium organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cilium, a specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. Each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole." [GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0044811
|
0 |
response to Dma1-dependent checkpoint signaling |
"A process that occurs in response to signals generated as a result of Dma1-dependent checkpoint signalling." [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle] |
|
GO:0044826
|
0 |
viral genome integration into host DNA |
"The insertion into a host genome of viral DNA, usually by the action of an integrase enzyme. Once integrated, the provirus persists in the host cell and serves as a template for the transcription of viral genes and replication of the viral genome, leading to the production of new viruses." [PMID:19091057] |
|
GO:0044879
|
0 |
morphogenesis checkpoint |
"A mitotic cell cycle checkpoint which delays mitotic onset in response to perturbations that affect cell shape via the actin cytoskeleton, septin organization, small cell size, and/or the extent of membrane growth." [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_cell_cycle] |
|
GO:0045003
|
3 |
double-strand break repair via synthesis-dependent strand annealing |
"SDSA is a major mechanism of double-strand break repair in mitosis which allows for the error-free repair of a double-strand break without the exchange of adjacent sequences. The broken DNA searches for and base pairs with a homologous region in an intact chromosome. DNA synthesis initiates from the 3' end of the invading DNA strand, using the intact chromosome as the template. Newly synthesized DNA is then displaced from the template and anneal with its complement on the other side of the double-strand break." [PMID:10357855] |
|
GO:0045012
|
0 |
obsolete MHC class II receptor activity |
"OBSOLETE. A major histocompatibility complex class II receptor. These display processed antigens from virally-infected or transformed cells. Class-II-positive cells ('antigen-presenting cells') can take up antigens from outside by endocytosis, degrade them into small peptides, and re-export the peptides (now bound to MHC class II protein) to the cell surface. These peptide-MHC class II complexes can then be recognized by specific CD4+ lymphocytes." [ISBN:081533642X, ISBN:0879694971] |
|
GO:0045022
|
3 |
early endosome to late endosome transport |
"The directed movement of substances, in membrane-bounded vesicles, from the early sorting endosomes to the late sorting endosomes; transport occurs along microtubules and can be experimentally blocked with microtubule-depolymerizing drugs." [ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0045036
|
0 |
protein targeting to chloroplast |
"The process of directing proteins towards the chloroplast, usually using signals contained within the protein. Imported proteins are synthesized as cytosolic precursors containing N-terminal uptake-targeting sequences that direct each protein to its correct subcompartment and are subsequently cleaved." [ISBN:0716731363] |
|
GO:0045047
|
13 |
protein targeting to ER |
"The process of directing proteins towards the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) using signals contained within the protein. One common mechanism uses a 16- to 30-residue signal sequence, typically located at the N-terminus of the protein and containing positively charged amino acids followed by a continuous stretch of hydrophobic residues, which directs the ribosome to the ER membrane and initiates transport of the growing polypeptide across the ER membrane." [ISBN:0716731363] |
|
GO:0045054
|
0 |
constitutive secretory pathway |
"A process of exocytosis found in all eukaryotic cells, in which transport vesicles destined for the plasma membrane leave the trans-Golgi network in a steady stream. Upon exocytosis, the membrane proteins and lipids in these vesicles provide new components for the plasma membrane, and the soluble proteins inside the vesicles are released into the extracellular space." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716731363] |
|
GO:0045055
|
2 |
regulated exocytosis |
"A process of exocytosis in which soluble proteins and other substances are initially stored in secretory vesicles for later release. It is found mainly in cells that are specialized for secreting products such as hormones, neurotransmitters, or digestive enzymes rapidly on demand." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0716731363] |
|
GO:0045067
|
0 |
positive extrathymic T cell selection |
"The process of sparing extrathymically maturing T cells which react with self-MHC protein complexes with low affinity levels from apoptotic death." [ISBN:0781735149, PMID:7880383] |
|
GO:0045068
|
0 |
negative extrathymic T cell selection |
"The process of elimination of extrathymically maturing T cells which react strongly with self-antigens." [ISBN:0781735149, PMID:7880383] |
|
GO:0045095
|
0 |
keratin filament |
"A filament composed of acidic and basic keratins (types I and II), typically expressed in epithelial cells. The keratins are the most diverse classes of IF proteins, with a large number of keratin isoforms being expressed. Each type of epithelium always expresses a characteristic combination of type I and type II keratins." [ISBN:0716731363] |
|
GO:0045098
|
0 |
type III intermediate filament |
"A type of intermediate filament, typically made up of one or more of the proteins vimentin, desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and peripherin. Unlike the keratins, the type III proteins can form both homo- and heteropolymeric IF filaments." [ISBN:0716731363] |
|
GO:0045107
|
0 |
intermediate filament polymerization |
"Assembly of intermediate filaments by the addition of component monomers to a filament. Polymerization of intermediate filament proteins results from interactions among several distinct binding sites on the constituent proteins. Nuclear lamin head-to-tail polymers arise from one such interaction. Deletion analysis localized the binding sites to the ends of the rod domain that are highly conserved among all intermediate filament proteins. Data indicate that one type of interaction in intermediate filament protein polymerization is the longitudinal binding of dimers via the conserved end segments of the coiled-coil rod domain." [GOC:mah, PMID:8776884] |
|
GO:0045108
|
1 |
regulation of intermediate filament polymerization or depolymerization |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the assembly or disassembly of intermediate filaments by the addition or removal of monomers from a filament; this usually occurs through the opposing action of kinases and phosphatases." [ISBN:0716731363] |
|
GO:0045111
|
0 |
intermediate filament cytoskeleton |
"Cytoskeletal structure made from intermediate filaments, typically organized in the cytosol as an extended system that stretches from the nuclear envelope to the plasma membrane. Some intermediate filaments run parallel to the cell surface, while others traverse the cytosol; together they form an internal framework that helps support the shape and resilience of the cell." [ISBN:0716731363] |
|
GO:0045117
|
0 |
azole transport |
"The directed movement of azoles, heterocyclic compounds found in many biologically important substances, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:3527307206, Wikipedia:Azole] |
|
GO:0045118
|
0 |
azole transporter activity |
"Enables the directed movement of azoles, heterocyclic compound found in many biologically important substances, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:3527307206, Wikipedia:Azole] |
|
GO:0045119
|
0 |
azole:proton antiporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a solute or solutes from one side of a membrane to the other according to the reaction: H+(out) + azole(in) = H+(in) + azole(out). Azoles are heterocyclic compounds found in many biologically important substances." [GOC:ai, ISBN:3527307206, Wikipedia:Azole] |
|
GO:0045121
|
0 |
membrane raft |
"Any of the small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. Small rafts can sometimes be stabilized to form larger platforms through protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions." [PMID:16645198, PMID:20044567] |
|
GO:0045132
|
169 |
meiotic chromosome segregation |
"The process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized into specific structures and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets during M phase of the meiotic cell cycle." [GOC:ai, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0045143
|
12 |
homologous chromosome segregation |
"The cell cycle process in which replicated homologous chromosomes are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two sets during the first division of the meiotic cell cycle. Each replicated chromosome, composed of two sister chromatids, aligns at the cell equator, paired with its homologous partner; this pairing off, referred to as synapsis, permits genetic recombination. One homolog (both sister chromatids) of each morphologic type goes into each of the resulting chromosome sets." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0045144
|
16 |
meiotic sister chromatid segregation |
"The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids are organized and then physically separated and randomly apportioned to two sets during the second division of the meiotic cell cycle." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0045162
|
0 |
clustering of voltage-gated sodium channels |
"The process in which voltage-gated sodium channels become localized together in high densities. In animals, nodes of Ranvier differ dramatically from internodal axonal regions in very high densities of voltage-dependent sodium (Nav) channels responsible for the rapid, inward ionic currents that produce membrane depolarization." [PMID:11456440] |
|
GO:0045163
|
0 |
clustering of voltage-gated potassium channels |
"The process in which voltage-gated potassium channels become localized together in high densities. In animals, voltage-gated potassium (Kv) channels are clustered beneath the myelin sheath in regions immediately adjacent to paranodes, called juxtaparanodes, and along the inner mesaxon within the internode." [PMID:11456440] |
|
GO:0045171
|
0 |
intercellular bridge |
"A direct connection between the cytoplasm of two cells that is formed following the completion of cleavage furrow ingression during cell division. They are usually present only briefly prior to completion of cytokinesis. However, in some cases, such as the bridges between germ cells during their development, they become stabilised." [PMID:9635420] |
|
GO:0045187
|
0 |
regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of sleep; a readily reversible state of reduced awareness and metabolic activity that occurs periodically in many animals." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0192800981] |
|
GO:0045195
|
0 |
obsolete gallstone formation |
"OBSOLETE. The formation of gallstones, hard, crystal-like accretions of cholesterol and bile pigments which develop when bile contains too much cholesterol and not enough bile." [http://www.ddc.musc.edu/ddc_pro/pro_development/basic_science/gallstones.htm] |
|
GO:0045210
|
0 |
FasL biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of fas ligand (FasL or CD95L), an antigen originally found to be expressed on the cell surface of activated human T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes and a variety of malignant human lymphoid cell lines." [http://www.copewithcytokines.de/] |
|
GO:0045228
|
0 |
slime layer polysaccharide biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of polysaccharides in the slime layer, a diffused layer of polysaccharide exterior to the bacterial cell wall." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0045232
|
0 |
S-layer organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an S-layer enveloping the cell. The S-layer is a crystalline protein layer surrounding some bacteria." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0045244
|
0 |
succinate-CoA ligase complex (GDP-forming) |
"A heterodimeric enzyme complex, usually composed of an alpha and beta chain. Functions in the TCA cycle, hydrolyzing succinyl-CoA into succinate and CoA, thereby forming GTP." [EC:6.2.1.4, GOC:jl] |
|
GO:0045248
|
0 |
cytosolic oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex |
"A cytosolic complex of multiple copies of three enzymatic components: oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) ; EC:1.2.4.2 (E1), dihydrolipoamide S-succinyltransferase ; EC:2.3.1.61 (E2) and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase ; EC:1.8.1.4 (E3); catalyzes the overall conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to succinyl-CoA and carbon dioxide (CO2)." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10848975] |
|
GO:0045250
|
0 |
cytosolic pyruvate dehydrogenase complex |
"Complex that carries out the oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to form acetyl-CoA; comprises subunits possessing three catalytic activities: pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1), dihydrolipoamide S-acetyltransferase (E2), and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase (E3). Usually contains fewer subunits than its eukaryotic counterpart; for example, the E. coli complex contains 12 E1 dimers, 8 E2 trimers, and 6 E3 dimers arranged in highly symmetric cubic order." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0471331309, ISBN:0716720094] |
|
GO:0045252
|
0 |
oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex |
"A complex of multiple copies of three enzymatic components: oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (lipoamide) ; EC:1.2.4.2 (E1), dihydrolipoamide S-succinyltransferase ; EC:2.3.1.61 (E2) and dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase ; EC:1.8.1.4 (E3); catalyzes the overall conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to succinyl-CoA and carbon dioxide (CO2)." [MetaCyc:CPLX66-42, PMID:10848975] |
|
GO:0045259
|
0 |
proton-transporting ATP synthase complex |
"A proton-transporting two-sector ATPase complex that catalyzes the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP during oxidative phosphorylation. The complex comprises a membrane sector (F0) that carries out proton transport and a cytoplasmic compartment sector (F1) that catalyzes ATP synthesis by a rotational mechanism; the extramembrane sector (containing 3 a and 3 b subunits) is connected via the d-subunit to the membrane sector by several smaller subunits. Within this complex, the g and e subunits and the 9-12 c subunits rotate by consecutive 120 degree angles and perform parts of ATP synthesis. This movement is driven by the hydrogen ion electrochemical potential gradient." [EC:3.6.3.14, ISBN:0198547684, ISBN:0716743663] |
|
GO:0045261
|
0 |
proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, catalytic core F(1) |
"The sector of a hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase complex in which the catalytic activity resides; it comprises the catalytic core and central stalk, and is peripherally associated with a membrane, such as the plasma membrane or the mitochondrial inner membrane, when the entire ATP synthase is assembled." [GOC:mah, PMID:10838056] |
|
GO:0045262
|
0 |
plasma membrane proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, catalytic core F(1) |
"The catalytic sector of the plasma membrane hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase; it comprises the catalytic core and central stalk, and is peripherally associated with the plasma membrane when the entire ATP synthase is assembled. Examples of this component are found in Bacterial species." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10838056] |
|
GO:0045263
|
0 |
proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) |
"All non-F1 subunits of a hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral membrane proteins." [PMID:10838056] |
|
GO:0045264
|
0 |
plasma membrane proton-transporting ATP synthase complex, coupling factor F(o) |
"All non-F1 subunits of the plasma membrane hydrogen-transporting ATP synthase, including integral and peripheral plasma membrane proteins." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10838056] |
|
GO:0045292
|
8 |
mRNA cis splicing, via spliceosome |
"The joining together, after removal of an intervening sequence composed of one or more introns, of two segments of the same RNA molecule via spliceosomal catalysis to produce an mRNA composed only of exon sequences that all came from the same primary transcript." [GOC:krc, http://calspace.ucsd.edu/origins/Glossary/C.htm, ISBN:0879695897] |
|
GO:0045293
|
0 |
mRNA editing complex |
"A protein complex that posttranscriptionally catalyzes insertion, deletion or substitution of nucleotides at multiple sites within nascent mRNA transcripts to produce mature mRNAs in eukaryotes." [http://www.ejbiotechnology.info/content/vol1/issue1/full/4/, PMID:11564867, PMID:12139607] |
|
GO:0045330
|
0 |
aspartyl esterase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an ester bond by a mechanism involving a catalytically active aspartic acid residue." [GOC:mah, UniProtKB-KW:KW-0063] |
|
GO:0045333
|
61 |
cellular respiration |
"The enzymatic release of energy from inorganic and organic compounds (especially carbohydrates and fats) which either requires oxygen (aerobic respiration) or does not (anaerobic respiration)." [GOC:das, ISBN:0140513590, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0045433
|
0 |
male courtship behavior, veined wing generated song production |
"The process during wing vibration where the male insect produces a species-specific acoustic signal called a love song." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:11092827] |
|
GO:0045445
|
1 |
myoblast differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a myoblast. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into striated muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0045484
|
0 |
L-lysine 6-transaminase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: 2-oxoglutarate + L-lysine = L-glutamate + allysine." [EC:2.6.1.36, RHEA:21203] |
|
GO:0045575
|
0 |
basophil activation |
"The change in morphology and behavior of a basophil resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, soluble factor, or to (at least in mammals) an antigen which the basophil has specifically bound via IgE bound to Fc-epsilonRI receptors." [GOC:mgi_curators, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0045576
|
0 |
mast cell activation |
"The change in morphology and behavior of a mast cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, soluble factor, or to (at least in mammals) an antigen which the mast cell has specifically bound via IgE bound to Fc-epsilonRI receptors." [GOC:mgi_curators, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0045661
|
1 |
regulation of myoblast differentiation |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast differentiation. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0045662
|
0 |
negative regulation of myoblast differentiation |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast differentiation. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0045663
|
1 |
positive regulation of myoblast differentiation |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of myoblast differentiation. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0045759
|
1 |
negative regulation of action potential |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0045760
|
2 |
positive regulation of action potential |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0045839
|
9 |
negative regulation of mitotic nuclear division |
"Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of mitosis. Mitosis is the division of the eukaryotic cell nucleus to produce two daughter nuclei that, usually, contain the identical chromosome complement to their mother." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0045857
|
0 |
negative regulation of molecular function, epigenetic |
"Any heritable epigenetic process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein function by self-perpetuating conformational conversions of normal proteins in healthy cells. This is distinct from, though mechanistically analogous to, disease states associated with prion propagation and amyloidogenesis. A single protein, if it carries a glutamine/asparagine-rich ('prion') domain, can sometimes stably exist in at least two distinct physical states, each associated with a different phenotype; propagation of one of these traits is achieved by a self-perpetuating change in the protein from one form to the other, mediated by conformational changes in the glutamine/asparagine-rich domain. Prion domains are both modular and transferable to other proteins, on which they can confer a heritable epigenetic alteration of function; existing bioinformatics data indicate that they are rare in non-eukarya, but common in eukarya." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0045858
|
0 |
positive regulation of molecular function, epigenetic |
"Any heritable epigenetic process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein function by self-perpetuating conformational conversions of normal proteins in healthy cells. This is distinct from, though mechanistically analogous to, disease states associated with prion propagation and amyloidogenesis. A single protein, if it carries a glutamine/asparagine-rich ('prion') domain, can sometimes stably exist in at least two distinct physical states, each associated with a different phenotype; propagation of one of these traits is achieved by a self-perpetuating change in the protein from one form to the other, mediated by conformational changes in the glutamine/asparagine-rich domain. Prion domains are both modular and transferable to other proteins, on which they can confer a heritable epigenetic alteration of function; existing bioinformatics data indicate that they are rare in non-eukarya, but common in eukarya." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0045926
|
23 |
negative regulation of growth |
"Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of growth, the increase in size or mass of all or part of an organism." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0045927
|
379 |
positive regulation of growth |
"Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of growth, the increase in size or mass of all or part of an organism." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0045938
|
0 |
positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, sleep |
"Any process that activates or increases the duration or quality of sleep, a readily reversible state of reduced awareness and metabolic activity that occurs periodically in many animals." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0045967
|
0 |
negative regulation of growth rate |
"Any process that reduces the rate of growth of all or part of an organism." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0045974
|
3 |
regulation of translation, ncRNA-mediated |
"Any process, mediated by small non-coding RNAs, that modulates the frequency, rate or extent that mRNAs are effectively translated into protein." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0045975
|
0 |
positive regulation of translation, ncRNA-mediated |
"Any process, mediated by small non-coding RNAs, that activates or increases the rate that mRNAs are effectively translated into protein." [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0046034
|
89 |
ATP metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving ATP, adenosine triphosphate, a universally important coenzyme and enzyme regulator." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0046136
|
0 |
positive regulation of vitamin metabolic process |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a vitamin, one of a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0046137
|
0 |
negative regulation of vitamin metabolic process |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a vitamin, one of a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0046150
|
0 |
melanin catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of melanins, pigments largely of animal origin. High molecular weight polymers of indole quinone, they are irregular polymeric structures and are divided into three groups: allomelanins in the plant kingdom and eumelanins and phaeomelanins in the animal kingdom." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0046215
|
0 |
siderophore catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of siderophores, low molecular weight Fe(III)-chelating substances made by aerobic or facultatively anaerobic bacteria, especially when growing under iron deficient conditions. The complexes of Fe(3+)-siderophores have very high stability constants and are taken up by specific transport systems by microorganisms; the subsequent release of iron requires enzymatic action." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0046235
|
0 |
gallate biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of gallate, the anion of gallic acid (3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid)." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0046256
|
0 |
2,4,6-trinitrotoluene catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 1-methyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, a highly explosive pale yellow crystalline solid." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0046257
|
0 |
obsolete anaerobic 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene biosynthetic process |
"OBSOLETE. The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 1-methyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, a highly explosive pale yellow crystalline solid, in the absence of oxygen." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0046258
|
0 |
anaerobic 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, 1-methyl-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene, a highly explosive pale yellow crystalline solid, in the absence of oxygen." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0046273
|
0 |
lignan catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lignans, any member of a class of plant metabolites related to lignins. Lignans are usually found as phenylpropanoid dimers in which the phenylpropanoid units are linked tail to tail and thus having a 2,3 dibenzylbutane skeleton, but higher oligomers can also exist." [GOC:jl, PMID:10074466] |
|
GO:0046276
|
0 |
methylgallate catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of methylgallate, trihydroxymethylbenzoate, the anion of methylgallic acid." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0046277
|
0 |
methylgallate biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of methylgallate, trihydroxymethylbenzoate, the anion of methylgallic acid." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0046283
|
0 |
anthocyanin-containing compound metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving anthocyanins, any member of a group of intensely colored soluble glycosides of anthocyanidins that occur in plants. They are responsible from most of the scarlet, purple, mauve and blue coloring in higher plants, especially of flowers." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0046362
|
0 |
ribitol biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ribitol, a pentitol derived formally by reduction of the -CHO group of either D- or L-ribose." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0046363
|
0 |
ribitol catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ribitol, a pentitol derived formally by reduction of the -CHO group of either D- or L-ribose." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0046366
|
0 |
allose biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of allose, allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose, differing only in the configuration of the hydroxyl group of C-3." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0046367
|
0 |
allose catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of allose, allo-hexose, an aldohexose similar to glucose, differing only in the configuration of the hydroxyl group of C-3." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0046374
|
0 |
teichoic acid metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving teichoic acid, any polymer occurring in the cell wall, membrane or capsule of Gram-positive bacteria and containing chains of glycerol phosphate or ribitol phosphate residues." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0046378
|
0 |
enterobacterial common antigen metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving enterobacterial common antigen, an acidic polysaccharide containing N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, N-acetyl-D-mannosaminouronic acid, and 4-acetamido-4,6-dideoxy-D-galactose. A major component of the cell wall outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria." [GOC:ma] |
|
GO:0046396
|
0 |
D-galacturonate metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-galacturonate, the D-enantiomer of galacturonate, the anion of galacturonic acid. D-galacturonic acid is a component of plant gums and bacterial cell walls." [GOC:ai, GOC:jsg, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0046423
|
0 |
allene-oxide cyclase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: (9Z,13S,15Z)-12,13-epoxyoctadeca-9,11,15-trienoate = (15Z)-12-oxophyto-10,15-dienoate." [EC:5.3.99.6, RHEA:22595] |
|
GO:0046433
|
0 |
2-aminoethylphosphonate metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving 2-aminoethylphosphonate, most abundant and ubiquitous of naturally occurring phosphonates. It is typically found as a conjugate of glycans, lipids, and proteins, which in turn perform essential biochemical functions in specialized lower organisms." [GOC:ai, PMID:12107130] |
|
GO:0046438
|
0 |
D-cysteine metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving D-cysteine, (S)-2-amino-3-mercaptopropanoic acid, which occurs naturally in firefly luciferin." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0046451
|
0 |
diaminopimelate metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving diaminopimelate, the anion of the dicarboxylic acid 2,6-diaminoheptanedioic acid. It is an intermediate in lysine biosynthesis and as a component (as meso-diaminopimelate) of the peptidoglycan of Gram-negative bacterial cell walls." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0046454
|
0 |
dimethylsilanediol metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving dimethylsilanediol, the smallest member of the dialkylsilanediols. Dimethylsilanediol is the monomer of polydimethylsiloxane, a compound which can be found in a wide range of industrial and consumer products." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0046485
|
1 |
ether lipid metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving ether lipids, lipids that contain (normally) one lipid alcohol in ether linkage to one of the carbon atoms (normally C-1) of glycerol." [ISBN:0198506732, PMID:15337120] |
|
GO:0046490
|
2 |
isopentenyl diphosphate metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving isopentenyl diphosphate, an isomer of dimethylallyl diphosphate and the key precursor of all isoprenoids." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0046527
|
0 |
glucosyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a glucosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0046540
|
0 |
U4/U6 x U5 tri-snRNP complex |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex formed by the association of the U4/U6 and U5 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins." [GOC:krc, GOC:pr, PMID:11867543] |
|
GO:0046541
|
0 |
saliva secretion |
"The regulated release of saliva from the salivary glands. In man, the saliva is a turbid and slightly viscous fluid, generally of an alkaline reaction, and is secreted by the parotid, submaxillary, and sublingual glands. In the mouth the saliva is mixed with the secretion from the buccal glands. In man and many animals, saliva is an important digestive fluid on account of the presence of the peculiar enzyme, ptyalin." [GOC:curators, UBERON:0001836] |
|
GO:0046591
|
0 |
obsolete embryonic leg joint morphogenesis |
"OBSOLETE. The process, occurring in the embryo, by which the anatomical structures of the leg joint are generated and organized. A leg joint is a flexible region that separates the rigid sections of a leg to allow movement in a controlled manner." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0582227089, PMID:12051824] |
|
GO:0046608
|
0 |
carotenoid isomerase activity |
"Catalysis of the isomerization of poly-cis-carotenoids to all-trans-carotenoids." [PMID:11884677] |
|
GO:0046678
|
0 |
response to bacteriocin |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bacteriocin stimulus. A bacteriocin is a protein substance released by certain bacteria that kills but does not lyse closely related strains of bacteria. Specific bacteriocins attach to specific receptors on cell walls and induce specific metabolic block, e.g. cessation of nucleic acid or protein synthesis of oxidative phosphorylation." [ISBN:0721662544] |
|
GO:0046695
|
0 |
SLIK (SAGA-like) complex |
"A SAGA-type histone acetyltransferase complex that contains Rtg2 and a smaller form of Spt7 than the fungal SAGA complex, and lacks Spt8. The complex is involved in the yeast retrograde response pathway, which is important for gene expression changes during mitochondrial dysfunction." [PMID:12101232, PMID:12186975, PMID:17337012] |
|
GO:0046697
|
0 |
decidualization |
"The cellular and vascular changes occurring in the endometrium of the pregnant uterus just after the onset of blastocyst implantation. This process involves the proliferation and differentiation of the fibroblast-like endometrial stromal cells into large, polyploid decidual cells that eventually form the maternal component of the placenta." [ISBN:0721662544, PMID:11133685] |
|
GO:0046702
|
0 |
galactoside 6-L-fucosyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of an L-fucosyl group from GDP-beta-L-fucose to a galactoside acceptor molecule, usually an N-glycan, to form an alpha(1,6)-fucosylated galactoside." [PMID:12413479] |
|
GO:0046732
|
0 |
active induction of host immune response by virus |
"The intentional, virally-encoded stimulation of a host defense response to viral infection." [ISBN:0781802976] |
|
GO:0046736
|
0 |
active induction of humoral immune response in host by virus |
"The intentional, virally-encoded stimulation of a host humoral defense response to viral infection." [ISBN:0781802976] |
|
GO:0046737
|
0 |
active induction of cell-mediated immune response in host by virus |
"The intentional, virally-encoded stimulation of a cell-mediated host defense response to viral infection." [ISBN:0781802976] |
|
GO:0046738
|
0 |
active induction of innate immune response in host by virus |
"The intentional, virally-encoded stimulation of an innate host defense response to viral infection." [ISBN:0781802976] |
|
GO:0046739
|
0 |
transport of virus in multicellular host |
"The transport of a virus between cells in a multicellular organism. The cells can be adjacent or spatially separated (e.g. in different tissues or organs)." [GOC:bf, GOC:jl, ISBN:0781718325] |
|
GO:0046755
|
0 |
viral budding |
"A viral process by which enveloped viruses acquire a host-derived membrane enriched in viral proteins to form their external envelope. The process starts when nucleocapsids, assembled or in the process of being built, induce formation of a membrane curvature in the host plasma or organelle membrane and wrap up in the forming bud. The process ends when the bud is eventually pinched off by membrane scission to release the enveloped particle into the lumenal or extracellular space." [ISBN:0781718325, VZ:1947] |
|
GO:0046779
|
0 |
suppression by virus of expression of host genes with introns |
"Any viral process that discriminates against and subsequently inhibits host transcripts containing introns, thus allowing only intronless viral mRNA to be fully processed." [PMID:11598019] |
|
GO:0046792
|
0 |
suppression by virus of host cell cycle arrest |
"Viral interference in host cell processes that lead cell cycle arrest, allowing cell division to occur." [PMID:9371605] |
|
GO:0046808
|
0 |
assemblon |
"Antigenically dense structures located at the periphery of nuclei, close to but not abutting nuclear membranes. Assemblons contain the proteins for immature-capsid assembly; they are located at the periphery of a diffuse structure composed of proteins involved in DNA synthesis, which overlaps only minimally with the assemblons. More than one site can be present simultaneously." [PMID:8676489] |
|
GO:0046836
|
4 |
glycolipid transport |
"The directed movement of glycolipids, compounds containing (usually) 1-4 linked monosaccharide residues joined by a glycosyl linkage to a lipid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0046844
|
0 |
micropyle formation |
"Establishment of the micropyle, a single cone-shaped specialization of the chorion that allows sperm entry into the egg prior to fertilization." [ISBN:0879694238] |
|
GO:0046845
|
0 |
branched duct epithelial cell fate determination, open tracheal system |
"Allocation of a set number of cells to each primary branch in an open tracheal system, prior to the onset of cell migration. This establishes different domains of cells within the tracheal placode." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:10684581] |
|
GO:0046858
|
0 |
chlorosome |
"A large enclosure of aggregated pigment, typically bacteriochlorophyll c (BChl c), that acts as a light-harvesting antenna structure and is characteristic of green photosynthetic bacteria (e.g. Chlorobiaceae). The BChl aggregates are organized into lamellar elements by pigment-pigment rather than pigment-protein interactions. Chlorosomes also contain BChl a, carotenoids, quinones, lipids, and proteins, and are attached to the cytoplasmic membrane via a BChl a-containing protein baseplate." [ISBN:0198506732, PMID:14729689, PMID:15298919] |
|
GO:0046876
|
0 |
3,4-didehydroretinal binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with 3,4-didehydroretinal, a form of retinal that plays a role in the visual process in freshwater fish and some amphibians analogous to that of all-trans retinal in other vertebrates. 3,4-didehydro-11-cis-retinal combines with an opsin to form cyanopsin (cone) or porphyropsin (rod)." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0046914
|
0 |
transition metal ion binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a transition metal ions; a transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0046915
|
0 |
transition metal ion transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of transition metal ions from one side of a membrane to the other. A transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0046916
|
28 |
cellular transition metal ion homeostasis |
"Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of transition metal ions at the level of a cell. A transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0046926
|
0 |
peptide cross-linking via 2-(S-L-cysteinyl)-D-allo-threonine |
"The post-translational cross-linking of a cysteine residue to an L-threonine residue to form 2-(S-L-cysteinyl)-D-allo-threonine." [PMID:12696888, RESID:AA0342] |
|
GO:0046927
|
0 |
peptidyl-threonine racemization |
"The racemization of peptidyl-L-threo-threonine at the alpha-carbon to form D-allo-threonine. This is coupled with the formation of the cross-link 2-(S-L-cysteinyl)-D-allo-threonine." [PMID:12696888] |
|
GO:0046930
|
0 |
pore complex |
"Any small opening in a membrane that allows the passage of gases and/or liquids." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0046931
|
3 |
pore complex assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a pore complex. A pore complex is a small opening in a membrane that allows the passage of liquids and/or gases." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0046946
|
0 |
hydroxylysine metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving hydroxylysine (5-hydroxy-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid), a chiral alpha-amino acid. Hydroxylysine is found in collagen and commonly has galactose and then glucose added sequentially by glycosyltransferases." [ISBN:0198506732, PubChem_Compound:1029] |
|
GO:0046963
|
2 |
3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate transport |
"The directed movement of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate, a naturally occurring mixed anhydride synthesized from adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0046964
|
0 |
3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate, a naturally occurring mixed anhydride synthesized from adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate, from one side of a membrane to the other." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0046968
|
0 |
peptide antigen transport |
"The directed movement of a peptide antigen into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. The peptide antigen is typically, but not always, processed from an endogenous or exogenous protein." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:15771591] |
|
GO:0046999
|
0 |
regulation of conjugation |
"Any process that modulates the rate or frequency of conjugation, the union or introduction of genetic information from compatible mating types that results in a genetically different individual." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0047084
|
0 |
methyltetrahydroprotoberberine 14-monooxygenase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: O2 + NADPH + H+ + (S)-N-methylcanadine = H2O + NADP+ + allocryptopine." [EC:1.14.13.37, MetaCyc:1.14.13.37-RXN] |
|
GO:0047131
|
0 |
saccharopine dehydrogenase (NAD+, L-glutamate-forming) activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: L-saccharopine + H(2)O + NAD(+) = L-glutamate + allysine + H(+) + NADH." [EC:1.5.1.9, RHEA:24523] |
|
GO:0047176
|
0 |
beta-glucogallin-tetrakisgalloylglucose O-galloyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: 1,2,3,6-tetrakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose + 1-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose = 1,2,3,4,6-pentakis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose + D-glucose." [EC:2.3.1.143, RHEA:19112] |
|
GO:0047201
|
0 |
beta-glucogallin O-galloyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: 2 1-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose = 1,6-bis-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose + D-glucose." [EC:2.3.1.90, RHEA:11419] |
|
GO:0047292
|
0 |
trihydroxypterocarpan dimethylallyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: (6AS,11AS)-3,6A,9-trihydroxypterocarpan + dimethylallyl-pyrophosphate = glyceollin + diphosphate." [EC:2.5.1.36, MetaCyc:2.5.1.36-RXN] |
|
GO:0047294
|
0 |
phosphoglycerol geranylgeranyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: sn-glycerol 1-phosphate + all-trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate = sn-3-O-(geranylgeranyl)glycerol 1-phosphate + diphosphate." [EC:2.5.1.41, RHEA:23407] |
|
GO:0047295
|
0 |
geranylgeranylglycerol-phosphate geranylgeranyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: sn-3-O-(geranylgeranyl)glycerol 1-phosphate + all-trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate = 2,3-di-O-(geranylgeranyl)glycerol 1-phosphate + diphosphate." [EC:2.5.1.42, RHEA:18112] |
|
GO:0047360
|
0 |
undecaprenyl-phosphate galactose phosphotransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-undecaprenyl phosphate + UDP-D-galactose = alpha-D-galactosyl-diphosphoundecaprenol + UMP." [EC:2.7.8.6, RHEA:11655] |
|
GO:0047376
|
0 |
all-trans-retinyl-palmitate hydrolase, all-trans-retinol forming activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-retinyl palmitate + H2O = all-trans-retinol + H+ + palmitate." [MetaCyc:3.1.1.64-RXN, RHEA:13936] |
|
GO:0047652
|
0 |
allantoate deiminase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: allantoate + H2O + H+ = CO2 + NH3 + ureidoglycine." [EC:3.5.3.9, MetaCyc:ALLANTOATE-DEIMINASE-RXN] |
|
GO:0047653
|
0 |
allantoin racemase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: (S)-(+)-allantoin = (R)-(-)-allantoin." [EC:5.1.99.3, RHEA:10807] |
|
GO:0047654
|
0 |
alliin lyase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: an S-alkyl-L-cysteine S-oxide = an alkyl sulfenate + 2-aminoacrylate." [EC:4.4.1.4, MetaCyc:ALLIIN-LYASE-RXN] |
|
GO:0047655
|
0 |
allyl-alcohol dehydrogenase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: allyl alcohol + NADP(+) = acrolein + H(+) + NADPH." [EC:1.1.1.54, RHEA:12171] |
|
GO:0047691
|
0 |
aspulvinone dimethylallyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: aspulvinone E + 2 dimethylallyl diphosphate = aspulvinone H + 2 diphosphate." [EC:2.5.1.35, RHEA:13812] |
|
GO:0047863
|
0 |
dimethylallylcistransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: dimethylallyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate = diphosphate + neryl diphosphate." [EC:2.5.1.28, RHEA:11331] |
|
GO:0047870
|
0 |
discadenine synthase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: N(6)-dimethylallyladenine + S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = S-methyl-5'-thioadenosine + discadenine + H(+)." [EC:2.5.1.24, RHEA:19584] |
|
GO:0047913
|
0 |
gallate 1-beta-glucosyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: gallate + UDP-D-glucose = 1-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose + UDP." [EC:2.4.1.136, RHEA:15252] |
|
GO:0048002
|
0 |
antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen |
"The process in which an antigen-presenting cell expresses peptide antigen in association with an MHC protein complex on its cell surface, including proteolysis and transport steps for the peptide antigen both prior to and following assembly with the MHC protein complex. The peptide antigen is typically, but not always, processed from an endogenous or exogenous protein." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:15771591] |
|
GO:0048032
|
0 |
galacturonate binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any galacturonate. Galacturonate is the anion of galacturonic acid, the uronic acid formally derived from galactose by oxidation of the hydroxymethylene group at C-6 to a carboxyl group." [CHEBI:33812, GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0048045
|
0 |
trans-pentaprenyltranstransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-pentaprenyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate = all-trans-hexaprenyl diphosphate + diphosphate." [RHEA:22635] |
|
GO:0048046
|
0 |
apoplast |
"The cell membranes and intracellular regions in a plant are connected through plasmodesmata, and plants may be described as having two major compartments: the living symplast and the non-living apoplast. The apoplast is external to the plasma membrane and includes cell walls, intercellular spaces and the lumen of dead structures such as xylem vessels. Water and solutes pass freely through it." [GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0048096
|
1 |
chromatin-mediated maintenance of transcription |
"Maintenance of transcription by remodelling of chromatin into an 'open configuration'. Once established, this regulation is mitotically stable and is maintained over many cell divisions. It is also heritable." [GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0048104
|
0 |
establishment of body hair or bristle planar orientation |
"Orientation of hairs or sensory bristles that cover the body surface of an adult, such that they all point in a uniform direction along the plane of the epithelium from which they project." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0048105
|
0 |
establishment of body hair planar orientation |
"Orientation of body hairs, projections from the surface of an organism, such that the hairs all point in a uniform direction along the surface." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0048106
|
0 |
establishment of thoracic bristle planar orientation |
"Orientation along the body surface of bristles, sensory organs originating from a sensory organ precursor cell, such that they all point in a uniform direction." [FBbt:00004298, FBbt:00004408, GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0048152
|
0 |
S100 beta biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of S100 beta protein. S100 is a small calcium and zinc binding protein produced in astrocytes that is implicated in Alzheimer's disease, Down Syndrome and ALS." [GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0048153
|
0 |
S100 alpha biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of S100 alpha protein. S100 is a small calcium and zinc binding protein produced in astrocytes that is implicated in Alzheimer's disease, Down Syndrome and ALS." [GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0048169
|
1 |
regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity |
"A process that modulates long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change long-term as circumstances require. Long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increase or decrease in actual synapse numbers." [GOC:jid, http://www.mercksource.com, PMID:11891290] |
|
GO:0048170
|
0 |
positive regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity |
"A process that increases long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change long-term as circumstances require. Long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increase or decrease in actual synapse numbers." [GOC:jid, http://www.mercksource.com, PMID:11891290] |
|
GO:0048171
|
0 |
negative regulation of long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity |
"A process that decreases long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change long-term as circumstances require. Long-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increase or decrease in actual synapse numbers." [GOC:jid, http://www.mercksource.com, PMID:11891290] |
|
GO:0048172
|
0 |
regulation of short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity |
"A process that modulates short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change in the short-term as circumstances require. Short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increasing or decreasing synaptic sensitivity." [GOC:jid, http://www.mercksource.com, PMID:11891290] |
|
GO:0048173
|
0 |
positive regulation of short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity |
"A process that increases short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change in the short-term as circumstances require. Short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increasing or decreasing synaptic sensitivity." [GOC:jid, http://www.mercksource.com, PMID:11891290] |
|
GO:0048174
|
0 |
negative regulation of short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity |
"A process that decreases short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity, the ability of neuronal synapses to change in the short-term as circumstances require. Short-term neuronal synaptic plasticity generally involves increasing or decreasing synaptic sensitivity." [GOC:jid, http://www.mercksource.com, PMID:11891290] |
|
GO:0048196
|
0 |
obsolete plant extracellular matrix |
"The matrix external to the plant plasma membrane, composed of the cell wall and middle lamella." [GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:11351084, PMID:4327466] |
|
GO:0048197
|
0 |
Golgi membrane coat protein complex assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of priming complexes to form a coat on a Golgi membrane. Priming complexes associate laterally and additional coat proteins are recruited from the cytosol to the forming coat. Cargo proteins diffuse into the budding site and become trapped by their interactions with the coat." [GOC:jid, GOC:mah, ISBN:0716731363, PMID:10219233] |
|
GO:0048217
|
0 |
pectic matrix |
"The gel-like pectin matrix consists of the interlinked acidic and neutral pectin networks that are further cross-linked by calcium bridges. Pectins consist largely of long chains of mostly galacturonic acid units (typically 1,4 linkages and sometimes methyl esters). Three major pectic polysaccharides (homogalacturonan, rhamnogalacturonan I and rhamnogalacturonan II) are thought to occur in all primary cell walls." [GOC:jid, PMID:11554482] |
|
GO:0048219
|
0 |
inter-Golgi cisterna vesicle-mediated transport |
"The directed movement of substances from one Golgi cisterna to another, mediated by small transport vesicles." [GOC:jid, GOC:mah, ISBN:0716731363, PMID:10219233] |
|
GO:0048223
|
0 |
hemicellulose network |
"Network composed of hemicelluloses; members of a class of plant cell wall polysaccharide that cannot be extracted from the wall by hot water or chelating agents, but can be extracted by aqueous alkali. Includes xylan, glucuronoxylan, arabinoxylan, arabinogalactan II, glucomannan, xyloglucan and galactomannan." [DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.11.065, GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0048224
|
0 |
lignin network |
"An extracellular matrix part that consists of lignin in the form of a three-dimensional polymeric network. Lignins are complex racemic aromatic heteropolymers derived from a variety of phenylpropane monomers coupled together by an assortment of carbon-carbon and ether linkages. Lignin is crucial for structural integrity of the cell wall and stiffness and strength of the stem. In addition, lignin waterproofs the cell wall, enabling transport of water and solutes through the vascular system, and plays a role in protecting plants against pathogens." [GOC:jid, GOC:mah, PMID:14503002, PMID:16662709] |
|
GO:0048225
|
0 |
suberin network |
"An extracellular matrix part that consists of fatty acid-derived polymers, including both aromatic and aliphatic components. The suberin network is found in specialized plant cell walls, where it is laid down between the primary wall and plasma membrane, forms protective and wound-healing layers, and provides a water-impermeable diffusion barrier." [GOC:jid, GOC:mah, PMID:18440267, PMID:7706282] |
|
GO:0048226
|
0 |
Casparian strip |
"Region of plant cell wall specialised to act as a seal to prevent back leakage of secreted material (analogous to tight junction between epithelial cells). Found particularly where root parenchymal cells secrete solutes into xylem vessels. The barrier is composed of suberin; a fatty substance, containing long chain fatty acids and fatty esters, also found in the cell walls of cork cells (phellem) in higher plants." [GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0048254
|
0 |
snoRNA localization |
"Any process in which small nucleolar RNA is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location." [ISBN:0716731363] |
|
GO:0048255
|
1 |
mRNA stabilization |
"Prevention of degradation of mRNA molecules. In the absence of compensating changes in other processes, the slowing of mRNA degradation can result in an overall increase in the population of active mRNA molecules." [GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0048269
|
0 |
methionine adenosyltransferase complex |
"A multimeric enzyme complex composed of variable numbers of catalytic alpha subunits, and noncatalytic beta subunits. The beta subunits are believed to have a regulatory function. The enzyme complex catalyzes the synthesis of S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet), which is the major methyl group donor, participating in the methylation of proteins, DNA, RNA, phospholipids, and other small molecules." [EC:2.5.1.6, GOC:jid, PMID:10644686] |
|
GO:0048281
|
0 |
inflorescence morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structures of inflorescences are generated and organized. An inflorescence is the part of a seed plant body that is usually above ground and that can bear flowers." [GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0048339
|
0 |
paraxial mesoderm development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the paraxial mesoderm over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The paraxial mesoderm is the mesoderm located bilaterally adjacent to the notochord and neural tube." [GOC:dgh] |
|
GO:0048354
|
0 |
mucilage biosynthetic process involved in seed coat development |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mucilage that occur as part of seed coat development; mucilage is normally synthesized during seed coat development." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0048355
|
0 |
root cap mucilage biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mucilage that occur in the root cap; mucilage is normally synthesized during root growth." [GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0048356
|
0 |
root epithelial mucilage biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of mucilage that occur in the root epithelium; mucilage is normally synthesized during root growth." [GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0048359
|
0 |
mucilage metabolic process involved in seed coat development |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving mucilage that occur as part of seed coat development; mucilage is normally synthesized during seed coat development." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0048360
|
0 |
root cap mucilage metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving mucilage that occur in the root cap; mucilage is normally synthesized during root growth." [GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0048361
|
0 |
root epithelial mucilage metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving mucilage that occur in the root epithelium; mucilage is normally synthesized during root growth." [GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0048364
|
0 |
root development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the root over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The root is the water- and mineral-absorbing part of a plant which is usually underground, does not bear leaves, tends to grow downwards and is typically derived from the radicle of the embryo." [GOC:jid, PO:0009005] |
|
GO:0048440
|
0 |
carpel development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the carpel over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A carpel is an organ (generally believed to be a modified foliar unit) at the centre of a flower, bearing one or more ovules and having its margins fused together or with other carpels to enclose the ovule in an ovary, and consisting also of a stigma and usually a style." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0048478
|
1 |
replication fork protection |
"Any process that prevents the collapse of stalled replication forks." [GOC:vw, PMID:14560029] |
|
GO:0048480
|
0 |
stigma development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the stigma over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The stigma is the pollen-receptive surface of a carpel or group of fused carpels, usually sticky." [GOC:jid, PO:0009073] |
|
GO:0048484
|
0 |
enteric nervous system development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the enteric nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The enteric nervous system is composed of two ganglionated neural plexuses in the gut wall which form one of the three major divisions of the autonomic nervous system. The enteric nervous system innervates the gastrointestinal tract, the pancreas, and the gall bladder. It contains sensory neurons, interneurons, and motor neurons. Thus the circuitry can autonomously sense the tension and the chemical environment in the gut and regulate blood vessel tone, motility, secretions, and fluid transport. The system is itself governed by the central nervous system and receives both parasympathetic and sympathetic innervation." [FMA:66070, GOC:jid, GOC:sr] |
|
GO:0048485
|
0 |
sympathetic nervous system development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the sympathetic nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The sympathetic nervous system is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system (the other being the parasympathetic nervous system). The sympathetic preganglionic neurons have their cell bodies in the thoracic and lumbar regions of the spinal cord and connect to the paravertebral chain of sympathetic ganglia. Innervate heart and blood vessels, sweat glands, viscera and the adrenal medulla. Most sympathetic neurons, but not all, use noradrenaline as a post-ganglionic neurotransmitter." [FMA:9906, GOC:jid, GOC:sr] |
|
GO:0048486
|
0 |
parasympathetic nervous system development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the parasympathetic nervous system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The parasympathetic nervous system is one of the two divisions of the vertebrate autonomic nervous system. Parasympathetic nerves emerge cranially as pre ganglionic fibers from oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal and vagus and from the sacral region of the spinal cord. Most neurons are cholinergic and responses are mediated by muscarinic receptors. The parasympathetic system innervates, for example: salivary glands, thoracic and abdominal viscera, bladder and genitalia." [FMA:9907, GOC:jid, GOC:sr] |
|
GO:0048492
|
0 |
ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase complex |
"A complex containing either both large and small subunits or just small subunits which carries out the activity of producing 3-phosphoglycerate from carbon dioxide and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate." [GOC:mlg] |
|
GO:0048493
|
0 |
plasma membrane-derived thylakoid ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase complex |
"A complex, located in the plasma membrane-derived thylakoid, containing either both large and small subunits or just small subunits. It carries out the activity of producing 3-phosphoglycerate from carbon dioxide and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate." [GOC:mlg, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0048494
|
0 |
chromatophore ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase complex |
"A complex, located in the chromatophore, containing either both large and small subunits or just small subunits which carries out the activity of producing 3-phosphoglycerate from carbon dioxide and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate." [GOC:mlg, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0048520
|
32 |
positive regulation of behavior |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of behavior, the internally coordinated responses (actions or inactions) of whole living organisms (individuals or groups) to internal or external stimuli." [GOC:jid, GOC:pr] |
|
GO:0048521
|
14 |
negative regulation of behavior |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of behavior, the internally coordinated responses (actions or inactions) of whole living organisms (individuals or groups) to internal or external stimuli." [GOC:jid, GOC:pr] |
|
GO:0048537
|
0 |
mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue is typically found as nodules associated with mucosal epithelia with distinct internal structures including B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0048541
|
0 |
Peyer's patch development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of Peyer's patches over time, from their formation to the mature structure. Peyer's patches are typically found as nodules associated with gut epithelium with distinct internal structures including B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
|
GO:0048542
|
0 |
lymph gland development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lymph gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The lymph gland is one of the sites of hemocyte differentiation. It consists of three to six bilaterally paired lobes that are attached to the cardioblasts during larval stages, and it degenerates during pupal stages." [GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:rc] |
|
GO:0048543
|
0 |
phytochrome chromophore biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the phytochrome chromophore. The phytochrome chromophore is a linear tetrapyrrolic prosthetic group covalently attached to the large soluble protein phytochrome. Light absorption by the phytochrome chromophore triggers photoconversion between two spectrally distinct forms of the photoreceptor: Pr, the red light absorbing form, and Pfr, the far red light absorbing form." [GOC:pj, PMID:2909515] |
|
GO:0048548
|
0 |
regulation of pinocytosis |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of pinocytosis. Pinocytosis is the process in which cells take in liquid material from their external environment; literally 'cell drinking'. Liquid is enclosed in vesicles, formed by invagination of the plasma membrane. These vesicles then move into the cell and pass their contents to endosomes." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0048549
|
0 |
positive regulation of pinocytosis |
"Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of pinocytosis. Pinocytosis is the process in which cells take in liquid material from their external environment; literally 'cell drinking'. Liquid is enclosed in vesicles, formed by invagination of the plasma membrane. These vesicles then move into the cell and pass their contents to endosomes." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0048550
|
0 |
negative regulation of pinocytosis |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of pinocytosis. Pinocytosis is the process in which cells take in liquid material from their external environment; literally 'cell drinking'. Liquid is enclosed in vesicles, formed by invagination of the plasma membrane. These vesicles then move into the cell and pass their contents to endosomes." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0048551
|
0 |
metalloenzyme inhibitor activity |
"Stops, prevents or reduces the activity of a metalloenzyme. A metalloenzyme is any enzyme that contains metal." [GOC:ebc] |
|
GO:0048552
|
0 |
regulation of metalloenzyme activity |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of activity of a metalloenzyme. A metalloenzyme is any enzyme that contains metal." [GOC:ebc] |
|
GO:0048553
|
0 |
negative regulation of metalloenzyme activity |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of activity of a metalloenzyme. A metalloenzyme is any enzyme that contains metal." [GOC:ebc] |
|
GO:0048554
|
0 |
positive regulation of metalloenzyme activity |
"Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate activity of a metalloenzyme. A metalloenzyme is any enzyme that contains metal." [GOC:ebc] |
|
GO:0048571
|
0 |
long-day photoperiodism |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a day length that exceeds a particular duration known as the 'critical day length'. The critical day length varies between species. Although the term long-day is used, most species actually respond to the duration of the night, so that the response will occur when a period of darkness falls short of the number of hours defined by 24 hours minus the critical day length." [GOC:jid, GOC:pj, ISBN:0582015952, ISBN:0697037754, ISBN:0709408862] |
|
GO:0048572
|
0 |
short-day photoperiodism |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a day length that falls short of a particular duration known as the 'critical day length'. The critical day length varies between species. Although the term short-day is used, most species actually respond to the duration of the night, so that the response will occur when a period of darkness exceeds the number of hours defined by 24 hours minus the critical day length." [GOC:jid, GOC:pj, ISBN:0582015952, ISBN:0697037754, ISBN:0709408862] |
|
GO:0048574
|
0 |
long-day photoperiodism, flowering |
"A change from the vegetative to the reproductive phase as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a period of light that exceeds the critical day length. The critical day length varies between species. Although the term is long-day is used, most species actually respond to the duration of the night, so that the response will occur when a period of darkness falls short of the number of hours defined by 24 minus the critical day length." [GOC:jid, GOC:pj, ISBN:0582015952, ISBN:0697037754, ISBN:0709408862] |
|
GO:0048575
|
0 |
short-day photoperiodism, flowering |
"A change from vegetative to reproductive phase as a result of detection of, or exposure to, a period of light that falls short of the critical day length. The critical day length varies between species. Although the term is short-day is used, most species actually respond to the duration of the night, so that the response will occur when a period of darkness exceeds the number of hours defined by 24 minus the critical day length." [GOC:jid, GOC:pj, ISBN:0582015952, ISBN:0697037754, ISBN:0709408862] |
|
GO:0048601
|
0 |
oocyte morphogenesis |
"The process in which the structures of an oocyte are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of an oocyte." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0048625
|
0 |
myoblast fate commitment |
"The process in which the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a myoblast. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0048626
|
0 |
myoblast fate specification |
"The process in which a cell becomes capable of differentiating autonomously into a myoblast in an environment that is neutral with respect to the developmental pathway. Upon specification, the cell fate can be reversed. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0048627
|
0 |
myoblast development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the myoblast over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0048628
|
0 |
myoblast maturation |
"A developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for a myoblast to attain its fully functional state. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0048645
|
0 |
organ formation |
"The process pertaining to the initial formation of an organ from unspecified parts. The process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure, such as inductive events, and ends when the structural rudiment of the organ is recognizable, such as a condensation of mesenchymal cells into the organ rudiment. Organs are a natural part or structure in an animal or a plant, capable of performing some special action (termed its function), which is essential to the life or well-being of the whole. The heart and lungs are organs of animals, and the petal and leaf are organs of plants. In animals the organs are generally made up of several tissues, one of which usually predominates, and determines the principal function of the organ." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0048655
|
0 |
anther wall tapetum morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structures of the anther wall tapetum are generated and organized. The anther wall tapetum is a layer of cells that provides a source of nutrition for the pollen grains as they mature." [GOC:jid, GOC:sm, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0048656
|
0 |
anther wall tapetum formation |
"The process that gives rise to the anther wall tapetum. This process pertains to the initial formation of a structure from unspecified parts. The anther wall tapetum is a layer of cells that provides a source of nutrition for the pollen grains as they mature." [GOC:jid, GOC:sm, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0048657
|
0 |
anther wall tapetum cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an anther cell wall tapetum cell. The tapetum is a layer of cells that provides a source of nutrition for the pollen grains as they mature." [GOC:jid, GOC:sm] |
|
GO:0048658
|
0 |
anther wall tapetum development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the anther wall tapetum over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GOC:jid, GOC:sm, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0048667
|
183 |
cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation |
"The process in which the structures of a neuron are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of a neuron." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0048673
|
0 |
collateral sprouting of intact axon in response to injury |
"The process in which outgrowths develop from the axons of intact undamaged neurons as a result of injury to an axon. The collateral sprouts typically appear from undamaged axons in a tissue which has had part of its nerve supply removed, and they can often innervate successfully any cells that have lost some or all of their original synaptic input." [GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0048740
|
0 |
obsolete striated muscle fiber development |
"OBSOLETE. The process whose specific outcome is the amplification and progression of myoblasts (muscle precursor cells) into terminally differentiated multinucleated muscle fibers." [GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:lm, GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0048749
|
0 |
compound eye development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the compound eye over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The compound eye is an organ of sight that contains multiple repeating units, often arranged hexagonally. Each unit has its own lens and photoreceptor cell(s) and can generate either a single pixelated image or multiple images, per eye." [GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_sensu, Wikipedia:Eye] |
|
GO:0048756
|
0 |
sieve cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a sieve cell. A sieve cell is a type of sieve element that has relatively undifferentiated sieve areas (with narrow pores). The sieve areas are rather uniform in structure on all walls; that is, there are no sieve plates. Typical of gymnosperms and lower vascular plants. The sieve element is the cell in the phloem tissue concerned with mainly longitudinal conduction of food materials." [GOC:jid, PO:0025415, POC:curators] |
|
GO:0048759
|
0 |
xylem vessel member cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a vessel member cell. A vessel member cell is one of the components of a vessel in the xylem. It is a dead cell with the wall between adjacent members being variously perforated and the walls that persist variously thickened." [GOC:jid, PO:0002003] |
|
GO:0048760
|
0 |
plant parenchymal cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a parenchymal cell. Parenchymal cells are the most abundant and versatile cells in plants. They have very few distinguishing characteristics and botanists classify them as any cell type that cannot be assigned to any other structural or functional class. They can redifferentiate and dedifferentiate and are involved in storage, basic metabolism and other processes. The cells are polyhedral, typically with thin, non-lignified cellulose cell walls and nucleate living protoplasm. They vary in size, form, and wall structure." [CL:0000668, GOC:jid, ISBN:069716957X, PO:0005421] |
|
GO:0048761
|
0 |
collenchyma cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a collenchyma cell. This is a plant cell in which the primary cell walls are unevenly thickened, with most thickening occurring at the cell corners. Cells are living and able to grow, they are elongated, and lignin and secondary walls absent. Collenchyma cells make up collenchyma tissue which acts as a supporting tissue in growing shoots, leaves and petioles. This tissue is often arranged in cortical ribs, as seen prominently in celery and rhubarb petioles." [CL:0000330, GOC:jid, PO:0000075] |
|
GO:0048768
|
0 |
root hair cell tip growth |
"Localized growth of a plant root hair tip by extension of the cell wall." [GOC:jid, GOC:ki, PMID:12468740] |
|
GO:0048770
|
0 |
pigment granule |
"A small, subcellular membrane-bounded vesicle containing pigment and/or pigment precursor molecules. Pigment granule biogenesis is poorly understood, as pigment granules are derived from multiple sources including the endoplasmic reticulum, coated vesicles, lysosomes, and endosomes." [GOC:jid, GOC:mh] |
|
GO:0048772
|
0 |
leucophore differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a leucophore cell. Leucophores are pigment cells derived from the neural crest. They contain uric acid or other purine crystals, deposited in stacks called leucosomes. This gives them a white appearance." [GOC:jid, GOC:mh] |
|
GO:0048773
|
0 |
erythrophore differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an erythrophore cell. Erythrophores are pigment cells derived from the neural crest. They contain pteridine and/or carotenoid pigments in structures called pterinosomes or erythrosomes. This gives them an orange to red appearance." [GOC:jid, GOC:mh] |
|
GO:0048827
|
0 |
phyllome development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a phyllome over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A phyllome is a collective term for all the different types of leaves appearing on plants." [GOC:devbiol, GOC:tb, PO:0006001] |
|
GO:0048853
|
0 |
forebrain morphogenesis |
"The process in which the anatomical structures of the forebrain are generated and organized. The forebrain is the anterior of the three primary divisions of the developing chordate brain or the corresponding part of the adult brain (in vertebrates, includes especially the cerebral hemispheres, the thalamus, and the hypothalamus and especially in higher vertebrates is the main control center for sensory and associative information processing, visceral functions, and voluntary motor functions)." [GOC:cvs, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0048881
|
0 |
mechanosensory lateral line system development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mechanosensory lateral line system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mechanosensory lateral line system consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head and body of all fishes and most amphibians. The neuromasts are innervated by several lateral line nerves, which project primarily to the hindbrain. The mechanosensory lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance." [ISBN:0125296509] |
|
GO:0048882
|
0 |
lateral line development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lateral line over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The lateral line consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head and body of all fishes and most amphibians. The lateral line develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated behind the ear and between the eye and ear." [ISBN:0125296509] |
|
GO:0048884
|
0 |
neuromast development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the neuromast over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The neuromast is the sensory organ of the lateral line and is composed of a population of sensory hair cells, and nonsensory supporting cells and mantle cells. Neuromasts are located superficially on the epithelium or in lateral line canals." [ISBN:0125296509] |
|
GO:0048886
|
0 |
neuromast hair cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuromast hair cell. Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the neuromast and are located in a portion of the neuromast called the sensory strip. Each hair cell of the neuromast is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface. There are approximately seven hair cells within each neuromast, with each hair cell innervated by afferent and efferent neurons." [CL:0000856, ISBN:0125296509] |
|
GO:0048887
|
0 |
cupula development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cupula over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cupula is secreted by mantle cells and the ciliary bundles of all of the hair cells of the neuromast are embedded in it. The cupula provides a mechanical linkage between the hair cells and the external hydrodynamic environment. The cupula of superficial neuromasts grows continuously, while the height of the cupula of canal neuromasts is limited by canal diameter." [ISBN:0125296509] |
|
GO:0048888
|
0 |
neuromast mantle cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a neuromast mantle cell. Mantle cells are non-sensory cells that surround the sensory strip, separating the neuromast from the epidermis. Mantle cells secrete the cupula in which the ciliary bundles of all of the hair cells are embedded." [ISBN:0125296509] |
|
GO:0048898
|
0 |
anterior lateral line system development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the anterior lateral line system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The anterior lateral line system develops from cranial ectodermal placodes, situated between the eye and the ear, that give rise to both the neuromasts and the anterior lateral line sensory nerves that innervate the neuromasts. The anterior lateral line system consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head of all fishes and most amphibians and are innervated by several lateral line nerves, which project to the hindbrain. The anterior lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance." [ISBN:0125296509, PMID:15018940] |
|
GO:0048899
|
0 |
anterior lateral line development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the anterior lateral line over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The anterior lateral line consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head of all fishes and most amphibians. The anterior lateral line develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated between the eye and ear." [ISBN:0125296509] |
|
GO:0048901
|
0 |
anterior lateral line neuromast development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the anterior lateral line neuromast over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The neuromast is the sensory receptor of the anterior lateral line system and is composed of a population of sensory hair cells, and nonsensory supporting cells and mantle cells. Neuromast are located superficially on the epithelium or in lateral line canals." [ISBN:0125296509] |
|
GO:0048903
|
0 |
anterior lateral line neuromast hair cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an anterior lateral line neuromast hair cell. Neuromast hair cells are the sensory receptors of the neuromast and are located in a portion of the neuromast called the sensory strip. Each hair cell of the neuromast is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface. There are approximately seven hair cells within each neuromast, with each hair cell innervated by afferent and efferent neurons." [ISBN:0125296509, ISBN:0387968377] |
|
GO:0048904
|
0 |
anterior lateral line neuromast cupula development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the anterior lateral line neuromast cupula over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cupula is secreted by mantle cells and the ciliary bundles of all of the hair cells of the neuromast are embedded in it. The cupula provides a mechanical linkage between the hair cells and the external hydrodynamic environment. The cupula of superficial neuromasts grows continuously, while the height of the cupula of canal neuromasts is limited by canal diameter." [ISBN:0125296509] |
|
GO:0048905
|
0 |
anterior lateral line neuromast mantle cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an anterior lateral line neuromast mantle cell. Mantle cells are non-sensory cells that surround the sensory strip, separating the neuromast from the epidermis. Mantle cells secrete the cupula in which the ciliary bundles of all of the hair cells are embedded." [ISBN:0125296509] |
|
GO:0048909
|
0 |
anterior lateral line nerve development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the anterior lateral line nerve over time, form its formation to the mature structure. The anterior lateral line nerve contains efferent axons that innervate hair cells of the ALL and afferent axons that project to an octavolateralis column in the hindbrain. The octavolateralis column consists of the medial octavolateralis nucleus (MON), the caudal octavolateralis nucleus, and the magnocellular nucleus." [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_15jun06, ISBN:0125296509] |
|
GO:0048915
|
0 |
posterior lateral line system development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the posterior lateral line system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The posterior lateral line system develops from cranial ectodermal placodes, situated behind the ear, that give rise to both the neuromasts and the posterior lateral line sensory nerves that innervate the neuromasts. The posterior lateral line system consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head of all fishes and most amphibians. The neuromasts are innervated by several lateral line nerves, which project primarily to the hindbrain. The posterior mechanosensory lateral line system is stimulated by local water displacements and vibrations, and detects propulsion of the fish through the water, as well as facilitating shoaling, prey capture, and predator and obstacle avoidance." [ISBN:0125296509, PMID:15018940] |
|
GO:0048916
|
0 |
posterior lateral line development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the posterior lateral line over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The posterior lateral line consists of small sensory patches (neuromasts) located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the body and trunk of all fishes and most amphibians. The posterior lateral line develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated behind the ear." [ISBN:0125296509] |
|
GO:0048919
|
0 |
posterior lateral line neuromast development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the posterior lateral line neuromast over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The neuromast is the sensory receptor of the anterior lateral line system and is composed of a population of sensory hair cells, and nonsensory supporting cells and mantle cells. Neuromast are located superficially on the epithelium or in lateral line canals." [ISBN:0125296509] |
|
GO:0048921
|
0 |
posterior lateral line neuromast cupula development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the posterior lateral line neuromast cupula over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The cupula is secreted by mantle cells and the ciliary bundles of all of the hair cells of the neuromast are embedded in it. The cupula provides a mechanical linkage between the hair cells and the external hydrodynamic environment. The cupula of superficial neuromasts grows continuously, while the height of the cupula of canal neuromasts is limited by canal diameter." [ISBN:0125296509] |
|
GO:0048923
|
0 |
posterior lateral line neuromast hair cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a posterior lateral line neuromast hair cell. (N.B. This may be development of neuromast hair cell type or a set of cell of neuromast hair cell type. This will involve the change of a cell or set of cells from one cell identity to another). Hair cells are the sensory receptors of the neuromast and are located in a portion of the neuromast called the sensory strip. Each hair cell of the neuromast is morphologically polarized as a result of the relative position of the single kinocilium and the clusters of stereocilia on its apical surface. There are approximately seven hair cells within each neuromast, with each hair cell innervated by afferent and efferent neurons." [ISBN:0125296509] |
|
GO:0048924
|
0 |
posterior lateral line neuromast mantle cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a posterior lateral line neuromast mantle cell. (N.B. This may be development of neuromast mantle cell type or a set of cells of neuromast mantle cell type. This will involve the change of a cell or set of cells from one cell identity to another). Mantle cells are non-sensory cells that surround the sensory strip, separating the neuromast from the epidermis. Mantle cells secrete the cupula in which the ciliary bundles of all of the hair cells are embedded." [ISBN:0125296509] |
|
GO:0048925
|
0 |
lateral line system development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the lateral line system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The lateral line system is a network of sensory organs (neuromasts) and lateral line nerves located superficially on the skin or just under the skin in fluid-filled canals on the head and body of all fishes and most amphibians. The lateral line system develops from cranial ectodermal placodes situated between the eye and ear." [GOC:dgh, ISBN:0125296509] |
|
GO:0048938
|
0 |
lateral line nerve glial cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation |
"The process in which the structure of a glial cell in a lateral line nerve is generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of a glial cell in a lateral line nerve." [GOC:dgh] |
|
GO:0048940
|
0 |
anterior lateral line nerve glial cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation |
"The process in which the structures of a glial cell in the anterior lateral line nerve are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of a glial cell in the anterior lateral line nerve." [GOC:dgh] |
|
GO:0048942
|
0 |
posterior lateral line nerve glial cell morphogenesis involved in differentiation |
"The process in which the structures of a glial cell in the posterior lateral line nerve are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of a glial cell in the posterior lateral line nerve." [GOC:dgh] |
|
GO:0050065
|
0 |
lysine-pyruvate 6-transaminase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: L-lysine + pyruvate = L-alanine + L-allysine." [EC:2.6.1.71, RHEA:19396] |
|
GO:0050240
|
0 |
pyrogallol 1,2-oxygenase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: O(2) + pyrogallol = (Z)-5-oxohex-2-enedioate + 2 H(+)." [EC:1.13.11.35, RHEA:19676] |
|
GO:0050251
|
0 |
retinol isomerase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-retinol = 11-cis-retinol." [EC:5.2.1.7, RHEA:19144] |
|
GO:0050303
|
0 |
lysine 6-dehydrogenase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: H2O + NAD+ + L-lysine = NH3 + NADH + allysine." [EC:1.4.1.18, MetaCyc:LYSINE-6-DEHYDROGENASE-RXN] |
|
GO:0050318
|
0 |
tannase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: digallate + H(2)O = 2 gallate + H(+)." [EC:3.1.1.20, RHEA:16368] |
|
GO:0050347
|
0 |
trans-octaprenyltranstransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-octaprenyl diphosphate + isopentenyl diphosphate = all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate + diphosphate." [RHEA:11327] |
|
GO:0050364
|
0 |
tryptophan dimethylallyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: dimethylallyl diphosphate + L-tryptophan = diphosphate + 4-(3-methylbut-2-enyl)-L-tryptophan." [EC:2.5.1.34, MetaCyc:TRYPTOPHAN-DIMETHYLALLYLTRANSFERASE-RXN] |
|
GO:0050380
|
0 |
undecaprenyl-diphosphatase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-undecaprenyl diphosphate + H(2)O = all-trans-undecaprenyl phosphate + H(+) + phosphate." [EC:3.6.1.27, RHEA:17072] |
|
GO:0050427
|
1 |
3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate, a naturally occurring mixed anhydride. It is an intermediate in the formation of a variety of sulfo compounds in biological systems." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0050428
|
1 |
3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate, a naturally occurring mixed anhydride. It is an intermediate in the formation of a variety of sulfo compounds in biological systems." [ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0050432
|
0 |
catecholamine secretion |
"The regulated release of catecholamines by a cell. The catecholamines are a group of physiologically important biogenic amines that possess a catechol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) nucleus and are derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine." [GOC:ai, GOC:ef] |
|
GO:0050436
|
0 |
microfibril binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a microfibril, any small fibril occurring in biological material." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0050449
|
0 |
casbene synthase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate = casbene + diphosphate." [EC:4.2.3.8, RHEA:14904] |
|
GO:0050544
|
0 |
arachidonic acid binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with arachidonic acid, a straight chain fatty acid with 20 carbon atoms and four double bonds per molecule. Arachidonic acid is the all-Z-(5,8,11,14)-isomer." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0050553
|
0 |
taxadiene synthase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate = diphosphate + taxa-4,11-diene." [EC:4.2.3.17, RHEA:20915] |
|
GO:0050559
|
0 |
copalyl diphosphate synthase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-geranylgeranyl diphosphate = (+)-copalyl diphosphate." [EC:5.5.1.12, RHEA:24319] |
|
GO:0050656
|
0 |
3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS), a naturally occurring mixed anhydride. It is an intermediate in the formation of a variety of sulfo compounds in biological systems." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0050665
|
0 |
hydrogen peroxide biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), a potentially harmful byproduct of aerobic cellular respiration which can cause damage to DNA." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0050673
|
1 |
epithelial cell proliferation |
"The multiplication or reproduction of epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Epithelial cells make up the epithelium, the covering of internal and external surfaces of the body, including the lining of vessels and other small cavities. It consists of cells joined by small amounts of cementing substances." [ISBN:0721662544] |
|
GO:0050674
|
0 |
urothelial cell proliferation |
"The multiplication or reproduction of urothelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Urothelial cells make up a layer of transitional epithelium in the wall of the bladder, ureter, and renal pelvis, external to the lamina propria." [ISBN:0721662544] |
|
GO:0050699
|
0 |
WW domain binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a WW domain of a protein, a small module composed of 40 amino acids and plays a role in mediating protein-protein interactions via proline-rich regions." [PMID:14531730] |
|
GO:0050700
|
0 |
CARD domain binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a CARD (N-terminal caspase recruitment) domain, a protein-protein interaction domain that belongs to the death domain-fold superfamily. These protein molecule families are similar in structure with each consisting of six or seven anti-parallel alpha-helices that form highly specific homophilic interactions between signaling partners. CARD exists in the N-terminal prodomains of several caspases and in apoptosis-regulatory proteins and mediates the assembly of CARD-containing proteins that participate in activation or suppression of CARD carrying members of the caspase family." [PMID:12054670] |
|
GO:0050733
|
0 |
RS domain binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an RS domain of a protein; RS domains are usually highly phosphorylated and characterized by the presence of arginine (R)/serine (S) dipeptides. The RS domain promotes protein-protein interactions and directs subcellular localization and, in certain situations, nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of individual SR proteins. They also play a role in splicing." [PMID:11684676, PMID:12215544] |
|
GO:0050738
|
0 |
fructosyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a fructosyl group to an acceptor molecule, typically another carbohydrate or a lipid." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0050755
|
0 |
chemokine metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving chemokines, any member of a family of small chemotactic cytokines; their name is derived from their ability to induce directed chemotaxis in nearby responsive cells. All chemokines possess a number of conserved cysteine residues involved in intramolecular disulfide bond formation. Some chemokines are considered pro-inflammatory and can be induced during an immune response to recruit cells of the immune system to a site of infection, while others are considered homeostatic and are involved in controlling the migration of cells during normal processes of tissue maintenance or development. Chemokines are found in all vertebrates, some viruses and some bacteria." [GOC:BHF, GOC:rl, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemokine, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:12183377] |
|
GO:0050787
|
1 |
detoxification of mercury ion |
"Any process that reduce or remove the toxicity of mercuric ion. These include transport of mercury away from sensitive areas and to compartments or complexes whose purpose is sequestration of mercury ion and/or reduction of mercury ion (Hg[II]) to metallic mercury (Hg[0])." [PMID:10774920] |
|
GO:0050795
|
143 |
regulation of behavior |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of behavior, the internally coordinated responses (actions or inactions) of whole living organisms (individuals or groups) to internal or external stimuli." [GOC:go_curators, GOC:pr] |
|
GO:0050825
|
0 |
ice binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ice, water reduced to the solid state by cold temperature. It is a white or transparent colorless substance, crystalline, brittle, and viscoidal." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0050845
|
0 |
teichuronic acid biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of teichuronic acid, a polymer containing chains of uronic acids and N-acetylglucosamine found in the cell wall, membrane or capsule of Gram-positive bacteria." [ISBN:0815108893] |
|
GO:0050846
|
0 |
teichuronic acid metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving teichuronic acid, a polymer containing chains of uronic acids and N-acetylglucosamine found in the cell wall, membrane or capsule of Gram-positive bacteria." [ISBN:0815108893] |
|
GO:0050873
|
0 |
brown fat cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a brown adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell involved in adaptive thermogenesis. Brown adipocytes contain multiple small droplets of triglycerides and a high number of mitochondria." [PMID:12588810] |
|
GO:0050901
|
0 |
leukocyte tethering or rolling |
"Transient adhesive interactions between leukocytes and endothelial cells lining blood vessels. Carbohydrates on circulating leukocytes bind selectins on the vessel wall causing the leukocytes to slow down and roll along the inner surface of the vessel wall. During this rolling motion, transitory bonds are formed and broken between selectins and their ligands. Typically the first step in cellular extravasation (the movement of leukocytes out of the circulatory system, towards the site of tissue damage or infection)." [GOC:bf, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:14680625, PMID:14708592, PMID:7507411, PMID:8600538, Wikipedia:Leukocyte_extravasation] |
|
GO:0050902
|
0 |
leukocyte adhesive activation |
"The activation of loosely bound or rolling leukocytes by signals displayed on blood vessel endothelial cells, which is typically the second step in cellular extravasation." [ISBN:0781735149, PMID:14680625, PMID:14708592, PMID:7507411, PMID:8600538] |
|
GO:0050903
|
0 |
leukocyte activation-dependent arrest |
"The formation of an integrin-dependent strong adhesive bond between leukocytes and blood vessel endothelial cells which is dependent on prior activation of the leukocyte and leads to the firm attachment of the leukocyte to the endothelial surface, typically the third step in cellular extravasation." [ISBN:0781735149, PMID:14680625, PMID:14708592, PMID:7507411, PMID:8600538] |
|
GO:0050904
|
0 |
diapedesis |
"The passage of a leukocyte between the tight junctions of endothelial cells lining blood vessels, typically the fourth and final step of cellular extravasation." [ISBN:078173514, PMID:14680625, PMID:14708592, PMID:7507411, PMID:8600538] |
|
GO:0050909
|
14 |
sensory perception of taste |
"The series of events required for an organism to receive a gustatory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Gustation involves the direct detection of chemical composition, usually through contact with chemoreceptor cells. This is a neurological process." [GOC:ai, http://www.onelook.com/] |
|
GO:0050935
|
0 |
iridophore differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of an iridophore. Iridophores are pigment cells derived from the neural crest. They contain guanidine or other purine crystals deposited in stacks called reflecting platets or iridisomes. This gives them a silver, gold, or iridescent appearance." [GOC:jid, GOC:mh, PMID:11858836] |
|
GO:0050936
|
0 |
xanthophore differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a xanthophore cell. Xanthophores are pigment cells derived from the neural crest. They contain pteridine and/or carotenoid pigments in structures called pterinosomes or xanthosomes. This makes them yellow to orange in appearance." [GOC:jid, GOC:mh, PMID:11858836] |
|
GO:0050958
|
0 |
magnetoreception |
"The series of events required for an organism to receive a stimulus relating to a magnetic field, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Stimuli may be chemical, mechanical or electrical and interpreting these stimuli allows an organism to determine the orientation of a magnetic field. Magnetoreception also involves the perception of light; birds cannot orient without the presence of short wavelength (blue/green) light." [GOC:ai, PMID:15886990, Wikipedia:Magnetoception] |
|
GO:0050980
|
0 |
detection of light stimulus involved in magnetoreception |
"The series of events involved in magnetoception in which a light stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. Downstream processing of the light information in addition to other sensory data allows organisms to perceive the orientation of a magnetic field." [GOC:ai, GOC:dos, PMID:15886990, Wikipedia:Magnetoception] |
|
GO:0050992
|
0 |
dimethylallyl diphosphate biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of dimethylallyl diphosphate." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0050993
|
0 |
dimethylallyl diphosphate metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving dimethylallyl diphosphate." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0050997
|
0 |
quaternary ammonium group binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a quaternary ammonium group, including glycine betaine, choline, carnitine and proline. A quaternary ammonium group is any compound that can be regarded as derived from ammonium hydroxide or an ammonium salt by replacement of all four hydrogen atoms of the NH4+ ion by organic groups." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051013
|
3 |
microtubule severing |
"The process in which a microtubule is broken down into smaller segments." [GOC:ai, PMID:14657234] |
|
GO:0051014
|
3 |
actin filament severing |
"The process in which an actin filament is broken down into smaller filaments." [GOC:ai, PMID:14657234] |
|
GO:0051030
|
2 |
snRNA transport |
"The directed movement of snRNA, small nuclear ribonucleic acid, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051049
|
192 |
regulation of transport |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051050
|
54 |
positive regulation of transport |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051051
|
30 |
negative regulation of transport |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051056
|
56 |
regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0051057
|
9 |
positive regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051058
|
16 |
negative regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transduction |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of small GTPase mediated signal transduction." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051077
|
0 |
secondary cell septum |
"Cell wall structures composed of linear polysaccharides which are deposited at both sides of the primary septum at 90 degrees to the primary septum." [GOC:mtg_sensu, PMID:15194814] |
|
GO:0051119
|
0 |
sugar transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a sugar from one side of the membrane to the other. A sugar is any member of a class of sweet, water-soluble, crystallizable carbohydrates, which are the monosaccharides and smaller oligosaccharides." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0051128
|
510 |
regulation of cellular component organization |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cell structures, including the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051129
|
83 |
negative regulation of cellular component organization |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cell structures, including the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051130
|
92 |
positive regulation of cellular component organization |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cell structures, including the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051180
|
2 |
vitamin transport |
"The directed movement of vitamins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A vitamin is one of a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051183
|
0 |
vitamin transporter activity |
"Enables the directed movement of vitamins into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. A vitamin is one of a number of unrelated organic substances that occur in many foods in small amounts and that are necessary in trace amounts for the normal metabolic functioning of the body." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051189
|
10 |
prosthetic group metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving a prosthetic group, the non-amino acid portion of certain protein molecules. Prosthetic groups may be inorganic or organic and are usually required for the biological activity of the protein." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051190
|
0 |
prosthetic group catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a prosthetic group, the non-amino acid portion of certain protein molecules. Prosthetic groups may be inorganic or organic and are usually required for the biological activity of the protein." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051191
|
0 |
prosthetic group biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a prosthetic group, the non-amino acid portion of certain protein molecules. Prosthetic groups may be inorganic or organic and are usually required for the biological activity of the protein." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051192
|
0 |
prosthetic group binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a prosthetic group, the non-amino acid portion of certain protein molecules. Prosthetic groups may be inorganic or organic and are usually required for the biological activity of the protein." [GOC:ai, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0051206
|
0 |
silicate metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving silicates, the salts of silicic acids. Silicates are usually composed of silicon and oxygen (Si[x]O[y]), one or more metals, and possibly hydrogen. Types of silicate include unisilicates, metasilicates and hydrous silicates." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051210
|
0 |
isotropic cell growth |
"The process in which a cell irreversibly increases in size uniformly in all directions. In general, a rounded cell morphology reflects isotropic cell growth." [GOC:ai, GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0051221
|
0 |
tungsten incorporation into metallo-sulfur cluster |
"The incorporation of tungsten into a metallo-sulfur cluster." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051259
|
61 |
protein oligomerization |
"The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of component monomers; protein oligomers may be composed of different or identical monomers. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051260
|
57 |
protein homooligomerization |
"The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of identical component monomers. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051278
|
0 |
fungal-type cell wall polysaccharide biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of the polysaccharides which make up the fungal-type cell wall." [GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0051290
|
0 |
protein heterotetramerization |
"The formation of a protein heterotetramer, a macromolecular structure consisting of four noncovalently associated subunits, of which not all are identical." [GOC:go_curators] |
|
GO:0051291
|
0 |
protein heterooligomerization |
"The process of creating protein oligomers, compounds composed of a small number, usually between three and ten, of component monomers that are not all identical. Oligomers may be formed by the polymerization of a number of monomers or the depolymerization of a large protein polymer." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051299
|
4 |
centrosome separation |
"The process in which duplicated centrosome components move away from each other. The centriole pair within each centrosome becomes part of a separate microtubule organizing center that nucleates a radial array of microtubules called an aster. The two asters move to opposite sides of the nucleus to form the two poles of the mitotic spindle." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051300
|
3 |
spindle pole body organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the spindle pole body (SPB). The SPB is the microtubule organizing center in fungi, and is functionally homologous to the animal cell centrosome." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0051301
|
380 |
cell division |
"The process resulting in division and partitioning of components of a cell to form more cells; may or may not be accompanied by the physical separation of a cell into distinct, individually membrane-bounded daughter cells." [GOC:di, GOC:go_curators, GOC:pr] |
|
GO:0051306
|
22 |
mitotic sister chromatid separation |
"The process in which sister chromatids are physically detached from each other during mitosis." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051307
|
21 |
meiotic chromosome separation |
"The process in which chromosomes are physically detached from each other during meiosis." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051308
|
1 |
male meiosis chromosome separation |
"The process in which paired chromosomes are physically detached from each other during male meiosis." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051309
|
0 |
female meiosis chromosome separation |
"The process in which paired chromosomes are physically detached from each other during female meiosis." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051315
|
5 |
attachment of mitotic spindle microtubules to kinetochore |
"The cell cycle process in which spindle microtubules become physically associated with the proteins making up the kinetochore complex during mitosis." [GOC:ai, GOC:clt, GOC:dph, GOC:tb, PMID:26258632, PMID:26705896] |
|
GO:0051316
|
4 |
attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore involved in meiotic chromosome segregation |
"The cell cycle process in which spindle microtubules become physically associated with the proteins making up the kinetochore complex contributing to meiotic chromosome segregation." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0051318
|
0 |
G1 phase |
"The cell cycle 'gap' phase which is the interval between the completion of DNA segregation (usually by mitosis or meiosis) and the beginning of DNA synthesis." [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle] |
|
GO:0051319
|
0 |
G2 phase |
"The cell cycle 'gap' phase which is the interval between the completion of DNA synthesis and the beginning of DNA segregation (usually by mitosis or meiosis)." [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle] |
|
GO:0051321
|
400 |
meiotic cell cycle |
"Progression through the phases of the meiotic cell cycle, in which canonically a cell replicates to produce four offspring with half the chromosomal content of the progenitor cell via two nuclear divisions." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051338
|
94 |
regulation of transferase activity |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transferase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2." [EC:2.-.-.-, GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051340
|
15 |
regulation of ligase activity |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ligase activity, the catalysis of the ligation of two substances with concomitant breaking of a diphosphate linkage, usually in a nucleoside triphosphate. Ligase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 6." [EC:6.-.-.-, GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051351
|
6 |
positive regulation of ligase activity |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ligase activity, the catalysis of the ligation of two substances with concomitant breaking of a diphosphate linkage, usually in a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051352
|
9 |
negative regulation of ligase activity |
"Any process that stops or reduces the rate of ligase activity, the catalysis of the ligation of two substances with concomitant breaking of a diphosphate linkage, usually in a nucleoside triphosphate." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051370
|
0 |
obsolete ZASP binding |
"OBSOLETE. Interacting selectively and non-covalently with Z-band alternatively spliced PDZ motif protein (ZASP). ZASP is a Z-band protein specifically expressed in heart and skeletal muscle. This protein contains N-terminal PDZ domain and C-terminal LIM domain." [PMID:10427098, PMID:11699871] |
|
GO:0051381
|
0 |
histamine binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with histamine, a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051393
|
0 |
alpha-actinin binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with alpha-actinin, one of a family of proteins that cross-link F-actin as antiparallel homodimers. Alpha-actinin has a molecular mass of 93-103 KDa; at the N-terminus there are two calponin homology domains, at the C-terminus there are two EF-hands. These two domains are connected by the rod domain. This domain is formed by triple-helical spectrin repeats." [PMID:10984498, PMID:11699871, PMID:15014165] |
|
GO:0051413
|
0 |
response to cortisone |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cortisone stimulus. Cortisone is a natural glucocorticoid steroid hormone that is metabolically convertible to cortisol. Cortisone is synthesized from cholesterol in the cortex of the adrenal gland under the stimulation of adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH). The main physiological effect of cortisone is on carbohydrate metabolism; it can stimulate increased glucose release from the liver, increased liver glycogen synthesis, and decreased utilization of glucose by the tissues." [ISBN:0721662544, PMID:11276391] |
|
GO:0051432
|
0 |
BH1 domain binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the BH1 domain of a protein of the Bcl-2 family. Proteins that act as inhibitors of apoptosis harbour at least three BH domains: BH1, BH2 and BH3; the BH1 and BH2 domains are found in all death antagonists of the Bcl-2 family but only in one class of death agonists." [PMID:11048732, PMID:12133724, PMID:9020082, PMID:9704409, Prosite:PS01080] |
|
GO:0051433
|
0 |
BH2 domain binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the BH2 domain of a protein of the Bcl-2 family. Proteins that act as inhibitors of apoptosis harbour at least three BH domains: BH1, BH2 and BH3; the BH1 and BH2 domains are found in all death antagonists of the Bcl-2 family but only in one class of death agonists." [PMID:11048732, PMID:12133724, PMID:9020082, PMID:9704409, Prosite:PS01258] |
|
GO:0051435
|
0 |
BH4 domain binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the BH4 domain of a protein of the Bcl-2 family. All anti-apoptotic proteins contain BH1 and BH2 domains; some also contain an additional N-terminal BH4 domain, which is almost never seen in pro-apoptotic proteins. Loss of the BH4 domain can diminish or abrogate anti-apoptotic function or even impart outright death-promoting properties to the protein." [InterPro:IPR003093, PMID:11048732, PMID:12133724, PMID:9020082, PMID:9704409, Prosite:PS01260, Prosite:PS50063] |
|
GO:0051450
|
0 |
myoblast proliferation |
"The multiplication or reproduction of myoblasts, resulting in the expansion of a myoblast cell population. A myoblast is a mononucleate cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0051451
|
1 |
myoblast migration |
"The orderly movement of a myoblast from one site to another, often during the development of a multicellular organism. A myoblast is a cell type that, by fusion with other myoblasts, gives rise to the myotubes that eventually develop into skeletal muscle fibers." [CL:0000056, GOC:ai, GOC:mtg_muscle] |
|
GO:0051455
|
0 |
attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore involved in homologous chromosome segregation |
"The process in which spindle microtubules become physically associated with the proteins making up the kinetochore complex during meiosis I. During meiosis I sister kinetochores are lying next to each other facing the same spindle pole and monopolar attachment of the chromatid to the spindle occurs." [GOC:ai, GOC:clt, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0051456
|
0 |
attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore involved in meiotic sister chromatid segregation |
"The process in which spindle microtubules become physically associated with the proteins making up the kinetochore complex during meiosis II. During meiosis II sister kinetochores are situated facing opposite spindle poles and bipolar attachment of the sister chromosomes to the spindle occurs." [GOC:ai, GOC:clt, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0051504
|
0 |
diterpene phytoalexin precursor biosynthetic process pathway |
"A branched pathway that produces the precursors to four structurally distinct types of polycyclic diterpenes. The pathway starts with the cyclization of geranylgeranyl diphosphate into ent-copalyl diphosphate and syn-copalyl diphosphate. The catalytic conversion by diterpene cyclases of these two compounds produces the four diterpene hydrocarbons which are precursors to the four structurally distinct classes of diterpene phytoalexins." [MetaCyc:PWY-2981] |
|
GO:0051538
|
0 |
3 iron, 4 sulfur cluster binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 3 iron, 4 sulfur (3Fe-4S) cluster; this cluster consists of three iron atoms, with the inorganic sulfur atoms found between the irons and acting as bridging ligands. It is essentially a 4Fe-4S cluster with one iron missing." [GOC:ai, PMID:15952888, Wikipedia:Iron-sulfur_cluster] |
|
GO:0051540
|
0 |
metal cluster binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a cluster of atoms including both metal ions and nonmetal atoms, usually sulfur and oxygen. Examples include iron-sulfur clusters and nickel-iron-sulfur clusters." [GOC:jsg] |
|
GO:0051542
|
0 |
elastin biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of elastin, a fibrous glycoprotein found in elastic tissues such as the walls of arteries." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051600
|
0 |
regulation of endocytosis by exocyst localization |
"Any process in which an exocyst is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location that results in the modulation of endocytosis. An exocyst is a protein complex peripherally associated with the plasma membrane that determines where vesicles dock and fuse." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0051601
|
4 |
exocyst localization |
"Any process in which an exocyst is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. An exocyst is a protein complex peripherally associated with the plasma membrane that determines where vesicles dock and fuse." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051608
|
0 |
histamine transport |
"The directed movement of histamine into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Histamine is a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051610
|
1 |
serotonin uptake |
"The directed movement of serotonin into a cell, typically presynaptic neurons or glial cells. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) is a monoamine neurotransmitter occurring in the peripheral and central nervous systems." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051615
|
0 |
histamine uptake |
"The directed movement of histamine into a cell, typically presynaptic neurons or glial cells. Histamine is a physiologically active amine, found in plant and animal tissue and released from mast cells as part of an allergic reaction in humans." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051620
|
0 |
norepinephrine uptake |
"The directed movement of norepinephrine into a cell, typically presynaptic neurons or glial cells. Norepinephrine (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl-2-aminoethanol) is a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla and a neurotransmitter in the sympathetic peripheral nervous system and in some tracts of the CNS. It is also the biosynthetic precursor of epinephrine." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051625
|
0 |
epinephrine uptake |
"The directed movement of epinephrine into a cell, typically presynaptic neurons or glial cells. Epinephrine is a hormone produced by the medulla of the adrenal glands that increases heart activity, improves the power and prolongs the action of muscles, and increases the rate and depth of breathing. It is synthesized by the methylation of norepinephrine." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051630
|
0 |
acetylcholine uptake |
"The directed movement of acetylcholine into a cell, typically presynaptic neurons or glial cells. Acetylcholine is a major neurotransmitter and neuromodulator both in the central and peripheral nervous systems. It also acts as a paracrine signal in various non-neural tissues." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051665
|
0 |
membrane raft localization |
"Any process in which membrane rafts are transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. Membrane rafts are small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes." [GOC:ai, PMID:16645198] |
|
GO:0051672
|
0 |
catabolism by organism of cell wall peptidoglycan in other organism |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the cell wall peptidoglycans of another organism." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051702
|
0 |
interaction with symbiont |
"An interaction between two organisms living together in more or less intimate association. The term symbiont is used for the smaller (macro) of the two members of a symbiosis; the various forms of symbiosis include parasitism, commensalism and mutualism." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0051755
|
0 |
meiotic sister chromatid arm separation |
"The cell cycle process in which sister chromatid arms are physically detached from each other during meiosis." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051756
|
0 |
meiotic sister chromatid centromere separation |
"The cell cycle process in which the centromeres of sister chromatids are physically detached from each other during meiosis." [GOC:ai, PMID:14730319, PMID:16325576] |
|
GO:0051757
|
0 |
meiotic sister chromatid separation |
"The process in which sister chromatids are physically detached from each other during meiosis." [GOC:ai, PMID:14730319, PMID:16325576] |
|
GO:0051786
|
0 |
all-trans-retinol 13,14-reductase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-13,14-dihydroretinol + A = all-trans-retinol + AH(2). Note that this reaction has only been observed to occur in the opposite direction." [EC:1.3.99.23, RHEA:19196] |
|
GO:0051824
|
0 |
recognition of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction |
"The set of specific processes that allow an organism to detect the presence of a second organism via physical or chemical signals, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0051829
|
0 |
entry into other organism through natural portals involved in symbiotic interaction |
"Penetration by an organism into a second organism via naturally occurring openings in the second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0051833
|
0 |
suppression of defenses of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction |
"Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the defense(s) of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction. Suppression occurs by active mechanisms that normally result in the shutting down of pathways in the second organism." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0051838
|
0 |
cytolysis by host of symbiont cells |
"The killing by an organism of a cell in its symbiont organism by means of the rupture of cell membranes and the loss of cytoplasm. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:add] |
|
GO:0051839
|
0 |
regulation by host of cytolysis of symbiont cells |
"Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the cytolysis by that organism of cells in its symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:add] |
|
GO:0051840
|
0 |
negative regulation by host of cytolysis of symbiont cells |
"Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cytolysis by that organism of cells in its symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:add] |
|
GO:0051841
|
0 |
positive regulation by host of cytolysis of symbiont cells |
"Any process in which an organism activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cytolysis by that organism of cells in its symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:add] |
|
GO:0051842
|
0 |
obsolete evasion or tolerance of symbiont immune response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process, either active or passive, by which an organism avoids the effects of the symbiont organism's immune response. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mb] |
|
GO:0051843
|
0 |
obsolete evasion or tolerance of symbiont defense response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process, either active or passive, by which an organism avoids or tolerates the effects of a symbiont organism's defense response. The symbiont defense response is mounted by the symbiont in response to the presence of the organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0051844
|
0 |
translocation of peptides or proteins into symbiont |
"The directed movement of peptides or proteins produced by an organism to a location inside the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0051845
|
0 |
obsolete passive evasion of symbiont immune response |
"OBSOLETE. Any mechanism of immune avoidance that does not directly interfere with the symbiont immune system. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [PMID:12439615] |
|
GO:0051846
|
0 |
obsolete active evasion of symbiont immune response |
"OBSOLETE. Any mechanism of immune avoidance that directly affects the symbiont immune system, e.g. blocking any stage in symbiont MHC class I and II presentation. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [PMID:12439615] |
|
GO:0051847
|
0 |
obsolete active evasion of symbiont immune response via regulation of symbiont complement system |
"OBSOLETE. Any mechanism of active immune avoidance which works by regulating the symbiont complement system, e.g. by possessing complement receptors which mediate attachment to, then infection of, symbiont macrophages, which are eventually destroyed. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [http://www.brown.edu/Courses/Bio_160/Projects1999/ies/ces.html] |
|
GO:0051848
|
0 |
obsolete active evasion of symbiont immune response via regulation of symbiont cytokine network |
"OBSOLETE. Any mechanism of active immune avoidance which works by regulating symbiont cytokine networks, e.g. by secreting proteins that mimic cytokine receptors that act to sequester symbiont cytokines and inhibit action. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [http://www.brown.edu/Courses/Bio_160/Projects1999/ies/cytok.html#Manipulation] |
|
GO:0051873
|
0 |
killing by host of symbiont cells |
"Any process mediated by an organism that results in the death of cells in the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:add] |
|
GO:0051849
|
0 |
obsolete active evasion of symbiont immune response via regulation of symbiont antigen processing and presentation |
"OBSOLETE. Any mechanism of active immune avoidance which works by regulating the symbiont's antigen processing or presentation pathways, e.g. by blocking any stage in MHC class II presentation. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [PMID:12439615] |
|
GO:0051850
|
0 |
acquisition of nutrients from symbiont |
"The production of structures and/or molecules in an organism that are required for the acquisition and/or utilization of nutrients obtained from its symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0051851
|
0 |
modification by host of symbiont morphology or physiology |
"The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or processes of a symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0051852
|
0 |
disruption by host of symbiont cells |
"Any process in which an organism has a negative effect on the functioning of the symbiont's cells. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0051853
|
0 |
obsolete induction in symbiont of tumor, nodule, or growth |
"OBSOLETE. The process by which an associated organism causes the formation of an abnormal mass of cells in the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0051854
|
0 |
obsolete induction in symbiont of tumor, nodule, or growth containing transformed cells |
"OBSOLETE. The process by which an organism causes the formation in its symbiont organism of an abnormal growth whose cells have been transformed and continue to exist in the absence of the first organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0051855
|
0 |
recognition of symbiont |
"The set of specific processes that allow an organism to detect the presence of its symbiont via physical or chemical signals. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0051857
|
0 |
obsolete growth or development of organism on or near symbiont surface |
"OBSOLETE. The increase in size or mass of an organism, or the progression of an organism from an initial condition to a later condition, occurring on or near the exterior of its symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0051858
|
0 |
avoidance of symbiont defenses |
"Any process, either constitutive or induced, by which an organism evades, minimizes, or suppresses the effects of its symbiont organism's defense(s). The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0051859
|
0 |
suppression of symbiont defenses |
"Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont defense(s) by active mechanisms that normally result in the shutting down of a symbiont pathway. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0051860
|
0 |
evasion or tolerance of symbiont defenses |
"The process, either active or passive, by which an organism evades or tolerates the effects of the defense(s) or defense molecules of a symbiont organism. Symbiont defenses may be induced by the presence of the organism or may be preformed (e.g. physical barriers). The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0051862
|
0 |
translocation of molecules into symbiont |
"The directed movement of molecule(s) produced by an organism to a location inside the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0051863
|
0 |
obsolete translocation of DNA into symbiont |
"OBSOLETE. The directed movement of DNA from an organism to a location inside the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0051866
|
0 |
general adaptation syndrome |
"General adaptation syndrome is the set of changes in various organ systems of the body, especially the pituitary-endocrine system, in response to a wide range of strong external stimuli, both physiological and psychological. It is described as having three stages: alarm reaction, where the body detects the external stimulus; adaptation, where the body engages defensive countermeasures against the stressor; and exhaustion, where the body begins to run out of defenses." [http://www.onelook.com, PMID:14847556, Wikipedia:General_adaptation_syndrome] |
|
GO:0051871
|
0 |
dihydrofolic acid binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with dihydrofolic acid, a folic acid in which the bicyclic pteridine structure is in the dihydro, partially reduced form; they are intermediates in folate metabolism and are reduced to their tetrahydro, reduced forms." [ISBN:0721662544] |
|
GO:0051890
|
0 |
regulation of cardioblast differentiation |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized mesodermal cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051891
|
0 |
positive regulation of cardioblast differentiation |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized mesodermal cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051892
|
0 |
negative regulation of cardioblast differentiation |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized mesodermal cell acquires the specialized structural and/or functional features of a cardioblast. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051899
|
4 |
membrane depolarization |
"The process in which membrane potential decreases with respect to its steady-state potential, usually from negative potential to a more positive potential. For example, the initial depolarization during the rising phase of an action potential is in the direction from the negative steady-state resting potential towards the positive membrane potential that will be the peak of the action potential." [GOC:dh, Wikipedia:Depolarization] |
|
GO:0051917
|
0 |
regulation of fibrinolysis |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fibrinolysis, an ongoing process that solubilizes fibrin, resulting in the removal of small blood clots." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051918
|
0 |
negative regulation of fibrinolysis |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of fibrinolysis, an ongoing process that solubilizes fibrin, resulting in the removal of small blood clots." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051919
|
0 |
positive regulation of fibrinolysis |
"Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fibrinolysis, an ongoing process that solubilizes fibrin, resulting in the removal of small blood clots." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051937
|
2 |
catecholamine transport |
"The directed movement of catecholamines, a group of physiologically important biogenic amines that possess a catechol (3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) nucleus and are derivatives of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethylamine." [GOC:ai, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0051975
|
0 |
lysine biosynthetic process via alpha-aminoadipate and saccharopine |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lysine via the intermediates alpha-aminoadipic acid and saccharopine. This pathway is used by yeast and fungi to synthesize the essential amino acid L-lysine, and pathway intermediates are often incorporated into secondary metabolic processes. The pathway proceeds as follows: alpha-ketoglutarate is converted to homocitrate, which is metabolized to 3-carboxyhex-2-enedioate and then homoisocitrate. This is then decarboxylated to form alpha-ketoadipate, which is then converted to alpha-aminoadipate. This is then reduced to form alpha-aminoadipate 6-semialdehyde, which is metabolized to saccharopine and finally L-lysine." [MetaCyc:LYSINE-AMINOAD-PWY] |
|
GO:0051983
|
30 |
regulation of chromosome segregation |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of chromosome segregation, the process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051984
|
4 |
positive regulation of chromosome segregation |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of chromosome segregation, the process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051985
|
10 |
negative regulation of chromosome segregation |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of chromosome segregation, the process in which genetic material, in the form of chromosomes, is organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0051997
|
0 |
2-oxo-4-hydroxy-4-carboxy-5-ureidoimidazoline decarboxylase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: 5-hydroxy-2-oxo-4-ureido-2,5-dihydro-1H imidazole-5-carboxylate + H+ = S-allantoin + CO2." [MetaCyc:RXN-6201] |
|
GO:0052009
|
0 |
disruption by symbiont of host cell wall |
"The breakdown of the host cell wall. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0052010
|
0 |
catabolism by symbiont of host cell wall cellulose |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of cellulose in the host cell wall. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0052011
|
0 |
catabolism by symbiont of host cell wall pectin |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of pectin in the host cell wall. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0052012
|
0 |
catabolism by symbiont of host cell wall chitin |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of chitin in the host cell wall. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0052020
|
0 |
modification by symbiont of host cell wall |
"The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of the host cell wall. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0052087
|
0 |
negative regulation by symbiont of defense-related host callose deposition |
"Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of callose deposition performed by the host as part of its defense response. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052090
|
0 |
modulation by symbiont of defense-related host callose deposition |
"Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of callose deposition by the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052096
|
0 |
formation by symbiont of syncytium involving giant cell for nutrient acquisition from host |
"The assembly by an organism of a syncytium, a nematode-induced multi-nucleate and physiologically active aggregation of fused root cells which exclusively provides the nematode with nourishment during its sedentary life, for the purpose of obtaining nutrients from its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0052097
|
0 |
interspecies quorum sensing |
"The process in which a community of single-celled organisms of different species monitors population density by detecting the concentration of small diffusible signal molecules." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052098
|
0 |
formation by host of specialized structure for nutrient acquisition from symbiont |
"The assembly by an organism of a cellular component or anatomical structure for the purpose of obtaining nutrients from a symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052100
|
0 |
intraspecies quorum sensing |
"The process in which single-celled organisms of the same species monitor population density by detecting the concentration of small, diffusible signal molecules." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052105
|
0 |
induction by symbiont of defense-related host cell wall thickening |
"The activation by an organism of host processes resulting in the thickening of its cell walls, occurring as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052106
|
0 |
quorum sensing involved in interaction with host |
"The process in which a community of single-celled organisms living in intimate contact with a host organism monitors population density by detecting the concentration of small diffusible signal molecules. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052107
|
0 |
positive regulation by symbiont of defense-related host callose deposition |
"Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of callose deposition by the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052109
|
0 |
positive regulation by symbiont of defense-related host cell wall callose deposition |
"Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the deposition of callose by the host in its cell walls, occurring as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052161
|
0 |
modulation by symbiont of defense-related host cell wall thickening |
"Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of host processes resulting in the thickening of its cell walls, occurring as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052172
|
0 |
metabolism by symbiont of host cell wall cellulose |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving cellulose in the cell wall of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052178
|
0 |
metabolism by symbiont of host cell wall chitin |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving chitin in the cell wall of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052179
|
0 |
metabolism by symbiont of host cell wall pectin |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving pectin in the cell wall of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052181
|
0 |
modulation by host of symbiont defense response |
"Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the resistance gene-dependent defense response of the symbiont. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052182
|
0 |
modification by host of symbiont morphology or physiology via secreted substance |
"The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of a symbiont organism, mediated by a substance secreted by one of the organisms. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052183
|
0 |
modification by host of symbiont structure |
"The process in which an organism effects a change in an anatomical part or cellular component of the host organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052184
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of symbiont hormone or growth regulator levels |
"OBSOLETE. The alteration by an organism of the levels of hormones or growth regulators in the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052187
|
0 |
modification by host of symbiont cellular component |
"The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of a symbiont cellular component. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052189
|
0 |
modulation by symbiont of defense-related host cell wall callose deposition |
"Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the deposition of callose by the host in its cell walls, occurring as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052193
|
0 |
movement in symbiont environment |
"The directed movement of an organism or motile cell on, within or near its symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052194
|
0 |
movement on or near symbiont |
"The directed movement of an organism or motile cell on or near its symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052196
|
0 |
negative regulation by host of symbiont defense response |
"Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052197
|
0 |
positive regulation by host of symbiont defense response |
"Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052201
|
0 |
response to symbiont defenses |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detecting the defenses of a symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052202
|
0 |
negative regulation by symbiont of defense-related host cell wall callose deposition |
"Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the deposition of callose by the host in its cell walls, occurring as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052213
|
0 |
interaction with symbiont via secreted substance involved in symbiotic interaction |
"An interaction with the symbiont organism mediated by a substance secreted by the other (host) organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052282
|
0 |
negative regulation by organism of defense-related callose deposition in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction |
"Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the accumulation of callose that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052285
|
0 |
modulation by organism of defense-related callose deposition of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction |
"Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the accumulation of callose that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052290
|
0 |
induction by organism of defense-related cell wall thickening in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction |
"The activation by an organism of the thickening of cell walls that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052291
|
0 |
positive regulation by organism of defense-related callose deposition in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction |
"Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the accumulation of callose that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052292
|
0 |
positive regulation by organism of defense-related cell wall callose deposition in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction |
"Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the deposition by a second organism of callose in its cell walls, occurring as part of the defense response, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052300
|
0 |
modulation by organism of defense-related cell wall thickening in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction |
"Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the thickening of cell walls that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052310
|
0 |
modulation by organism of defense-related cell wall callose deposition in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction |
"Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the accumulation of callose in cell walls that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052311
|
0 |
negative regulation by organism of defense-related cell wall callose deposition in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction |
"Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the accumulation of callose in cell walls that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052324
|
0 |
plant-type cell wall cellulose biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of cellulose, a linear beta1-4 glucan of molecular mass 50-400 kDa with the pyranose units in the -4C1 conformation, as part of the organization and biogenesis of the cell wall." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0052325
|
0 |
cell wall pectin biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of pectin, a polymer containing a backbone of alpha-1,4-linked D-galacturonic acid residues, as part of the organization and biogenesis of the cell wall." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0052326
|
0 |
obsolete interaction with symbiont via protein secreted by type IV secretion system |
"OBSOLETE. An interaction with the symbiont organism mediated by a substance secreted by the other organism by a type IV secretion system. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052327
|
0 |
obsolete interaction with symbiont via protein secreted by type II secretion system |
"OBSOLETE. An interaction with the symbiont organism mediated by a substance secreted by the other organism by a type II secretion system. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052328
|
0 |
obsolete interaction with symbiont via protein secreted by type III secretion system |
"OBSOLETE. An interaction with the symbiont organism mediated by a substance secreted by the other organism by a type III secretion system. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052333
|
0 |
modification by organism of cell wall of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction |
"The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of the cell wall of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052335
|
0 |
modification by host of symbiont cytoskeleton |
"The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of the symbiont cytoskeleton. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052336
|
0 |
modification by host of symbiont cell wall |
"The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of the symbiont cell wall. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0052337
|
0 |
modification by host of symbiont membrane |
"The process in which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of a symbiont cellular membrane. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052338
|
0 |
disruption by host of symbiont cell wall |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of the symbiont cell wall. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0052339
|
0 |
disruption by organism of cell wall of other organism involved in symbiotic interaction |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of the cell wall of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052340
|
0 |
catabolism by organism of cell wall cellulose in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of cellulose in the cell wall of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0052341
|
0 |
catabolism by organism of cell wall pectin in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of pectin in the cell wall of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0052342
|
0 |
catabolism by organism of cell wall chitin in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of chitin in the cell wall of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0052343
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of symbiont phytoalexin production |
"OBSOLETE. Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the production of phytoalexins as part of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052346
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of defense-related symbiont nitric oxide production |
"OBSOLETE. Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the production of nitric oxide as part of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052349
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of defense-related symbiont reactive oxygen species production |
"OBSOLETE. Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the production of reactive oxygen species as part of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052350
|
0 |
obsolete induction by organism of induced systemic resistance in symbiont |
"OBSOLETE. Any process in which an organism activates induced systemic resistance in the symbiont; induced systemic resistance is a response that confers broad spectrum systemic resistance to disease and that does not depend upon salicylic acid signaling. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052351
|
0 |
obsolete induction by organism of systemic acquired resistance in symbiont |
"OBSOLETE. Any process in which an organism activates systemic acquired resistance in the symbiont organism; systemic acquired resistance is a salicylic acid-mediated response that confers broad spectrum systemic resistance. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052352
|
0 |
biosynthesis by host of substance in symbiont |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism in its symbiont resulting in the formation of substances. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0052353
|
0 |
catabolism by host of symbiont carbohydrate |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of carbohydrate molecules within the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0052355
|
0 |
catabolism by host of symbiont cell wall cellulose |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of cellulose in the symbiont cell wall. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0052356
|
0 |
catabolism by host of symbiont cell wall chitin |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of chitin in the symbiont cell wall. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0052357
|
0 |
catabolism by host of symbiont cell wall pectin |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of pectin in the symbiont cell wall. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0052358
|
0 |
catabolism by host of symbiont glucan |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of glucan molecules within the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0052360
|
0 |
catabolism by host of symbiont macromolecule |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of macromolecules within the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0052362
|
0 |
catabolism by host of symbiont protein |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of protein macromolecules within the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0052364
|
0 |
catabolism by host of substance in symbiont |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism in its symbiont resulting in the breakdown of substances. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0052365
|
0 |
catabolism by host of symbiont xylan |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of xylan within the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0052367
|
0 |
disruption by host of symbiont cellular component |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism resulting in the breakdown of cellular components of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0052375
|
0 |
obsolete evasion or tolerance by organism of symbiont-produced nitric oxide |
"OBSOLETE. The process by which an organism avoids the effects of nitric oxide produced as a defense response by the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052377
|
0 |
obsolete evasion or tolerance by organism of symbiont-produced phytoalexins |
"OBSOLETE. The process by which an organism avoids the effects of phytoalexins produced as a defense response by the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052381
|
0 |
tRNA dimethylallyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: dimethylallyl diphosphate + tRNA = diphosphate + tRNA containing 6-dimethylallyladenosine." [EC:2.5.1.75] |
|
GO:0052383
|
0 |
obsolete induction by organism of symbiont innate immunity |
"OBSOLETE. The activation by an organism of the innate immune response of the symbiont organism; the innate immune response is the symbiont's first line of defense against infection. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052384
|
0 |
obsolete evasion or tolerance by organism of symbiont-produced reactive oxygen species |
"OBSOLETE. The process by which an organism avoids the effects of reactive oxygen species produced as a defense response by the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052386
|
0 |
cell wall thickening |
"A type of cell wall modification in which the cell wall is reinforced and made thicker." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052387
|
0 |
obsolete induction by organism of symbiont apoptosis |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates programmed cell death in the symbiont, where programmed cell death proceeds by apoptosis. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052389
|
0 |
positive regulation by symbiont of defense-related host calcium ion flux |
"Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of fluxes of calcium ions that occur as part of the defense response of a symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052392
|
0 |
obsolete induction by organism of defense-related symbiont calcium ion flux |
"OBSOLETE. The activation by an organism of a flux of calcium ions that occurs as part of the defense response of a symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052393
|
0 |
induction by host of symbiont defense response |
"The activation by an organism of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:cc] |
|
GO:0052394
|
0 |
obsolete induction by organism of defense-related symbiont cell wall thickening |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont processes resulting in the thickening of its cell walls, occurring as part of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052395
|
0 |
obsolete induction by organism of defense-related symbiont nitric oxide production |
"OBSOLETE. The activation by an organism of the production of nitric oxide as part of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052396
|
0 |
obsolete induction by organism of symbiont non-apoptotic programmed cell death |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates programmed cell death in the symbiont, where programmed cell death proceeds by a non-apoptotic pathway. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052398
|
0 |
obsolete induction by organism of symbiont phytoalexin production |
"OBSOLETE. The activation by an organism of the production of phytoalexins as part of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052399
|
0 |
obsolete induction by organism of symbiont programmed cell death |
"OBSOLETE. The activation by an organism of programmed cell death in the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052401
|
0 |
obsolete induction by organism of defense-related symbiont reactive oxygen species production |
"OBSOLETE. The activation by an organism of the production of reactive oxygen species as part of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052402
|
0 |
obsolete induction by organism of symbiont resistance gene-dependent defense response |
"OBSOLETE. The activation by an organism of the resistance gene-dependent defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052403
|
0 |
negative regulation by host of symbiont catalytic activity |
"Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont enzyme activity. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052404
|
0 |
negative regulation by host of symbiont peptidase activity |
"Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont protease activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a protein. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0052405
|
0 |
negative regulation by host of symbiont molecular function |
"Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the functional activity of symbiont proteins. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0052406
|
0 |
metabolism by host of symbiont carbohydrate |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving carbohydrates within the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052408
|
0 |
metabolism by host of symbiont cell wall cellulose |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving cellulose in the cell wall of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052409
|
0 |
metabolism by organism of cell wall cellulose in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving cellulose in the cell wall of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052410
|
0 |
metabolism by host of symbiont cell wall chitin |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving chitin in the cell wall of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052411
|
0 |
metabolism by organism of cell wall chitin in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving chitin in the cell wall of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052412
|
0 |
metabolism by host of symbiont cell wall pectin |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving pectin in the cell wall of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052413
|
0 |
metabolism by organism of cell wall pectin in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving pectin in the cell wall of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052414
|
0 |
metabolism by host of symbiont glucan |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving glucans within the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052416
|
0 |
metabolism by host of symbiont macromolecule |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving macromolecules within the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052417
|
0 |
metabolism by host of symbiont protein |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving protein macromolecules within the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052419
|
0 |
metabolism by host of substance in symbiont |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism in its symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052420
|
0 |
metabolism by host of symbiont xylan |
"The chemical reactions and pathways performed by an organism involving xylan within the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052424
|
0 |
obsolete modification by organism of symbiont morphology or physiology via protein secreted by type III secretion system |
"OBSOLETE. The process by which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of its symbiont organism, mediated by a substance secreted by a type III secretion system in the organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052425
|
0 |
obsolete modification by organism of symbiont morphology or physiology via protein secreted by type II secretion system |
"OBSOLETE. The process by which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of its symbiont organism, mediated by a substance secreted by a type II secretion system in the organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052426
|
0 |
obsolete modification by organism of symbiont morphology or physiology via substance secreted by type IV secretion system |
"OBSOLETE. The process by which an organism effects a change in the structure or function of its symbiont organism, mediated by a substance secreted by a type IV secretion system in the organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052427
|
0 |
modulation by host of symbiont peptidase activity |
"The process in which an organism effects a change in symbiont peptidase activity, the catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in a protein. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052428
|
0 |
modification by host of symbiont molecular function |
"The process in which an organism effects a change in the function of proteins in the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0052429
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of symbiont B-cell mediated immune response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the B-cell mediated immune response of a symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052430
|
0 |
modulation by host of symbiont RNA levels |
"The alteration by an organism of the levels of RNA in a symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052431
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of symbiont T-cell mediated immune response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the T-cell mediated immune response of a symbiont organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052432
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of symbiont apoptosis |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death in the symbiont, where programmed cell death proceeds by apoptosis. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052434
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of symbiont cell-mediated immune response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any form of cell-based immune response of a symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052435
|
0 |
modulation by host of defense-related symbiont MAP kinase-mediated signal transduction pathway |
"Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont MAP kinase-mediated signal transduction pathways during the symbiont defense response. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052436
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of defense-related symbiont calcium-dependent protein kinase pathway |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the symbiont calcium-dependent protein kinase signal transduction pathways during the symbiont defense response. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052437
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of defense-related symbiont calcium ion flux |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of calcium ion fluxes as part of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052438
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of defense-related symbiont callose deposition |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of callose deposition by the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052439
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of defense-related symbiont cell wall callose deposition |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the deposition of callose by the symbiont in its cell walls, occurring as part of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052440
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of defense-related symbiont ethylene-mediated signal transduction pathway |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont ethylene-mediated signal transduction pathways during the symbiont defense response. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052442
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of defense-related symbiont jasmonic acid-mediated signal transduction pathway |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont jasmonic acid-mediated signal transduction pathways during the symbiont defense response. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052444
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of defense-related symbiont salicylic acid-mediated signal transduction pathway |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont salicylic acid-mediated signal transduction pathways during the symbiont defense response. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052446
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of defense-related symbiont cell wall thickening |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont processes resulting in the thickening of its cell walls, occurring as part of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052447
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of symbiont ethylene-mediated defense response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the ethylene-mediated defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052448
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of ethylene levels in symbiont |
"OBSOLETE. The alteration by an organism of the levels of ethylene in the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052450
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of induced systemic resistance in symbiont |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of induced systemic resistance in the symbiont organism; induced systemic resistance is a response that confers broad spectrum systemic resistance to disease and that does not depend upon salicylic acid signaling. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052451
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of symbiont inflammatory response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response of a symbiont organism; the inflammatory response is the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052452
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of symbiont innate immunity |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response of the symbiont organism; the innate immune response is the symbiont's first line of defense against infection. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052453
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of symbiont intracellular transport |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances within the cell or cells of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052454
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of symbiont jasmonic acid-mediated defense response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the jasmonic acid-mediated defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052455
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of jasmonic acid levels in symbiont |
"OBSOLETE. The alteration by an organism of the levels of jasmonic acid in the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052457
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of defense-related symbiont nitric oxide production |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the production of nitric oxide as part of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052458
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of symbiont non-apoptotic programmed cell death |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death in the symbiont, where programmed cell death proceeds by a non-apoptotic pathway. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052460
|
0 |
modulation by host of nutrient release from symbiont |
"Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the release of nutrients from a symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052462
|
0 |
modulation by host of symbiont phagocytosis |
"Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of phagocytosis, the engulfing by phagocytes of external particulate material, in the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052463
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of symbiont phytoalexin production |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of production of phytoalexins as part of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052464
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of symbiont programmed cell death |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death in a symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052465
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of defense-related symbiont reactive oxygen species production |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the production of reactive oxygen species as part of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052466
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of symbiont resistance gene-dependent defense response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the resistance gene-dependent defense response of the symbiont. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052467
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of symbiont salicylic acid-mediated defense response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the salicylic acid-mediated defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052468
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of salicylic acid levels in symbiont |
"OBSOLETE. The alteration by an organism of the levels of salicylic acid in the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052470
|
0 |
modulation by host of symbiont signal transduction pathway |
"Any process in which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the symbiont signal transduction pathways, the cascade of processes by which a signal interacts with a receptor. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052471
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of systemic acquired resistance in symbiont |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of systemic acquired resistance in the symbiont organism; systemic acquired resistance is a salicylic acid-mediated response that confers broad spectrum systemic resistance. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052473
|
0 |
obsolete negative regulation by organism of symbiont B-cell mediated immune response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the B-cell mediated immune response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052474
|
0 |
obsolete negative regulation by organism of symbiont T-cell mediated immune response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the T-cell mediated immune response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052475
|
0 |
obsolete negative regulation by organism of symbiont cell-mediated immune response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the cell mediated immune response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052476
|
0 |
obsolete negative regulation by organism of defense-related symbiont MAP kinase-mediated signal transduction pathway |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont MAP kinase-mediated signal transduction pathways during the symbiont defense response. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052477
|
0 |
obsolete negative regulation by organism of defense-related symbiont callose deposition |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of callose deposition performed by the symbiont as part of its defense response. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052478
|
0 |
obsolete negative regulation by organism of defense-related symbiont cell wall callose deposition |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the deposition of callose by the symbiont in its cell walls, occurring as part of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052479
|
0 |
obsolete negative regulation by organism of defense-related symbiont ethylene-mediated signal transduction pathway |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont ethylene-mediated signal transduction pathways during the symbiont defense response. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052480
|
0 |
obsolete negative regulation by organism of defense-related symbiont jasmonic acid-mediated signal transduction pathway |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont jasmonic acid-mediated signal transduction pathways during the symbiont defense response. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052481
|
0 |
obsolete negative regulation by organism of defense-related symbiont salicylic acid-mediated signal transduction pathway |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont salicylic acid-mediated signal transduction pathways during the symbiont defense response. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052482
|
0 |
defense response by cell wall thickening |
"A type of cell wall modification, in which the cell wall is reinforced and made thicker, that occurs as part of the defense response of an organism." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052484
|
0 |
obsolete negative regulation by organism of symbiont ethylene-mediated defense response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the ethylene-mediated defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052485
|
0 |
obsolete negative regulation by organism of symbiont inflammatory response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response of a symbiont organism; the inflammatory response is the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052486
|
0 |
obsolete negative regulation by organism of symbiont innate immunity |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response of the symbiont organism, the symbiont's first line of defense against infection. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052487
|
0 |
obsolete negative regulation by organism of symbiont jasmonic acid-mediated defense response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the jasmonic acid-mediated defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052489
|
0 |
negative regulation by host of symbiont programmed cell death |
"Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death in a symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052491
|
0 |
obsolete negative regulation by organism of symbiont salicylic acid-mediated defense response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the salicylic acid-mediated defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052492
|
0 |
negative regulation by host of symbiont signal transduction pathway |
"Any process in which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the symbiont signal transduction pathways, the cascade of processes by which a signal interacts with a receptor. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052494
|
0 |
occlusion by host of symbiont vascular system |
"The process in which an organism reduces the flow of fluid within its symbiont's vascular system, the vessels and tissue that carry or circulate fluids, such as blood, lymph or sap, through the body of an animal or plant. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06, http://www.thefreedictionary.com] |
|
GO:0052496
|
0 |
occlusion by host of symbiont xylem |
"The process in which an organism reduces the flow of fluid within the symbiont xylem, the tissue in plants that carries water and nutrients up from the roots to the shoot and leaves. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052500
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of symbiont apoptosis |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death in the symbiont, where programmed cell death proceeds by apoptosis. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052502
|
0 |
positive regulation by host of defense-related symbiont MAP kinase-mediated signal transduction pathway |
"Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont MAP kinase-mediated signal transduction pathways during the symbiont defense response. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052503
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of defense-related symbiont calcium-dependent protein kinase pathway |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the symbiont calcium-dependent protein kinase pathway during the symbiont defense response. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052504
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of defense-related symbiont callose deposition |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of callose deposition by the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052505
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of defense-related symbiont cell wall callose deposition |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the deposition of callose by the symbiont in its cell walls, occurring as part of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052506
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of defense-related symbiont ethylene-mediated signal transduction pathway |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont ethylene-mediated signal transduction pathways during the symbiont defense response. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052507
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of defense-related symbiont jasmonic acid-mediated signal transduction pathway |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont jasmonic acid-mediated signal transduction pathways during the symbiont defense response. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052508
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of defense-related symbiont salicylic acid-mediated signal transduction pathway |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont salicylic acid-mediated signal transduction pathways during the symbiont defense response. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052511
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of symbiont ethylene-mediated defense response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the ethylene-mediated defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052512
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of hormone or growth regulator levels in symbiont |
"OBSOLETE. The increase by an organism of the levels of hormones or growth regulators in the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052514
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of symbiont inflammatory response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response of a symbiont organism; the inflammatory response is the immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052515
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of symbiont innate immunity |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the innate immune response of the symbiont organism; the innate immune response is the symbiont's first line of defense against infection. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052516
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of symbiont jasmonic acid-mediated defense response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the jasmonic acid-mediated defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052517
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of symbiont non-apoptotic programmed cell death |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death in the symbiont, where programmed cell death proceeds by a non-apoptotic pathway. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052519
|
0 |
positive regulation by host of nutrient release from symbiont |
"Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the release of nutrients from a symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052521
|
0 |
positive regulation by host of symbiont phagocytosis |
"Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of phagocytosis, the engulfing by phagocytes of external particulate material, in the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052523
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of symbiont programmed cell death |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death in the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052524
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of symbiont salicylic acid-mediated defense response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the salicylic acid-mediated defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052525
|
0 |
positive regulation by host of symbiont signal transduction pathway |
"Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the symbiont signal transduction pathways, the cascade of processes by which a signal interacts with a receptor. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052528
|
0 |
obsolete upregulation by organism of symbiont programmed cell death |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism increases the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death in the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052530
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of symbiont resistance gene-dependent defense response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the resistance gene-dependent defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052534
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of induced systemic resistance in symbiont |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of induced systemic resistance in the symbiont organism; induced systemic resistance is a response that confers broad spectrum systemic resistance to disease and that does not depend upon salicylic acid signaling. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052536
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of systemic acquired resistance in symbiont |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of systemic acquired resistance in the symbiont organism; systemic acquired resistance is a salicylic acid-mediated response that confers broad spectrum systemic resistance. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052538
|
0 |
positive regulation by organism of defense-related cell wall thickening in other organism involved in symbiotic interaction |
"Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the thickening of cell walls that occurs as part of the defense response of a second organism, where the two organisms are in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052539
|
0 |
positive regulation by symbiont of defense-related host cell wall thickening |
"Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a host process resulting in the thickening of its cell walls, occurring as part of the defense response of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052540
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of defense-related symbiont cell wall thickening |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont processes resulting in the thickening of its cell walls, occurring as part of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052541
|
0 |
plant-type cell wall cellulose metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving cellulose, a linear beta1-4 glucan of molecular mass 50-400 kDa with the pyranose units in the -4C1 conformation, as part of the organization and biogenesis of the cell wall." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0052542
|
0 |
defense response by callose deposition |
"Any process in which callose is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location during the defense response. Callose is a linear 1,3-beta-d-glucan formed from UDP-glucose and is found in certain plant cell walls." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052543
|
0 |
callose deposition in cell wall |
"Any process in which callose is transported to, and/or maintained in, the cell wall. Callose is a linear 1,3-beta-d-glucan formed from UDP-glucose and is found in certain plant cell walls." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052544
|
0 |
defense response by callose deposition in cell wall |
"Any process in which callose is transported to, and/or maintained in, the cell wall during the defense response. Callose is a linear 1,3-beta-d-glucan formed from UDP-glucose and is found in certain plant cell walls." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06] |
|
GO:0052545
|
0 |
callose localization |
"Any process in which callose is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location. Callose is a linear 1,3-beta-d-glucan formed from UDP-glucose and is found in certain plant cell walls." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06, http://www.onelook.com] |
|
GO:0052546
|
0 |
cell wall pectin metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving pectin, a polymer containing a backbone of alpha-1,4-linked D-galacturonic acid residues, as part of the organization and biogenesis of the cell wall." [GOC:ai] |
|
GO:0052554
|
0 |
obsolete modulation by organism of symbiont immune response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response of the symbiont organism; the immune response is any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052557
|
0 |
obsolete positive regulation by organism of symbiont immune response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response of the symbiont organism; the immune response is any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052560
|
0 |
obsolete induction by organism of symbiont immune response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism activates the immune response of the symbiont organism; the immune response is any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052563
|
0 |
obsolete negative regulation by organism of symbiont immune response |
"OBSOLETE. Any process by which an organism stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response of the symbiont organism; the immune response is any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052568
|
0 |
obsolete response to symbiont phytoalexin production |
"OBSOLETE. A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of phytoalexins produced as part of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052569
|
0 |
obsolete response to defense-related symbiont nitric oxide production |
"OBSOLETE. A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of nitric oxide produced as part of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052570
|
0 |
obsolete response to defense-related symbiont reactive oxygen species production |
"OBSOLETE. A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of reactive oxygen species produced as part of the defense response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052571
|
0 |
obsolete response to symbiont immune response |
"OBSOLETE. A change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detecting the immune response of the symbiont organism. The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:mtg_pamgo] |
|
GO:0052622
|
0 |
ATP dimethylallyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: delta(2)-isopentenyl diphosphate + ATP = diphosphate + N6-(delta(2)-isopentenyl)adenosine 5'-triphosphate." [EC:2.5.1.27, MetaCyc:RXN-4303] |
|
GO:0052623
|
0 |
ADP dimethylallyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: delta2-isopentenyl diphosphate + ADP = diphosphate + N6-(delta(2)-isopentenyl)adenosine 5'-diphosphate." [EC:2.5.1.27, MetaCyc:RXN-4305] |
|
GO:0052637
|
0 |
delta 3-trans-hexadecenoic acid phosphatidylglycerol desaturase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: 1-18:3-3-16:0-phosphatidylglycerol = 1-18:3-3-trans-16:1-phosphatidylglycerol + 2 H+. This reaction is the formation of a trans double bond between carbon 3 and carbon 4 (counting from the carboxyl end) of palmitic acid, which is specifically esterified to the sn-2 glyceryl carbon of phosphatidylglycerol." [GOC:ai, MetaCyc:RXN-8319, PMID:19682287] |
|
GO:0052645
|
0 |
F420-0 metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving F420-0 (5-O-{[(1S)-1-carboxyethoxy](hydroxy)phosphoryl}-1-deoxy-1-(8-hydroxy-2,4-dioxo-2H-pyrimido[4,5-b]quinolin-10(4H)-yl)-D-ribitol), the fragment of coenzyme F420 remaining after formal hydrolytic removal of all of the glutamate residues." [CHEBI:59532] |
|
GO:0052648
|
0 |
ribitol phosphate metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving ribitol phosphates, any phosphorylated form of ribitol, the pentitol derived formally by reduction of the -CHO group of either D- or L-ribose." [CHEBI:26554, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0052650
|
0 |
NADP-retinol dehydrogenase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-retinol + NADP+ = all-trans-retinal + NADPH + H+." [RHEA:25036] |
|
GO:0052663
|
0 |
antheraxanthin epoxidase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: antheraxanthin + NAD(P)H + H+ + O2 = all-trans-violaxanthin + NAD(P)+ + H2O." [MetaCyc:RXN-7979] |
|
GO:0052671
|
0 |
geranylgeraniol kinase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: geranylgeraniol + nucleoside triphosphate = all-trans-geranyl-geranyl monophosphate + nucleoside diphosphate." [GOC:kd, MetaCyc:RXN-11629] |
|
GO:0052672
|
0 |
CTP:geranylgeraniol kinase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: geranylgeraniol + CTP = all-trans-geranyl-geranyl monophosphate + CDP." [MetaCyc:RXN-11629] |
|
GO:0052698
|
0 |
ergothioneine metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving ergothioneine, a naturally occurring metabolite of histidine with antioxidant properties." [CHEBI:4828, Wikipedia:Ergothioneine] |
|
GO:0052699
|
0 |
ergothioneine biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ergothioneine, a naturally occurring metabolite of histidine with antioxidant properties." [CHEBI:4828, Wikipedia:Ergothioneine] |
|
GO:0052700
|
0 |
ergothioneine catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of ergothioneine, a naturally occurring metabolite of histidine with antioxidant properties." [CHEBI:4828, Wikipedia:Ergothioneine] |
|
GO:0052704
|
0 |
ergothioneine biosynthesis from histidine via N-alpha,N-alpha,N-alpha-trimethyl-L-histidine |
"The pathway resulting in the formation of ergothioneine from histidine. Histidine undergoes three methylations by a histidine-alpha-N-methyltransferase (EC:2.1.1.44) to form N-alpha,N-alpha,N-alpha-trimethyl-L-histidine (also known as hercynine or histidine betaine). N-alpha,N-alpha,N-alpha-trimethyl-L-histidine is modified by the ligation of gamma-glutamyl-cysteine and oxygen; this intermediate undergoes further modification by the removal of glutamate to produce hercynylcysteine sulfoxide. Finally, a beta-lyase acts on this compound, removing pyruvate, ammonia and oxygen to produce ergothioneine." [DOI:10.1021/ja101721e, EC:2.1.1.44, PMID:4276459, PMID:5484456, Wikipedia:Ergothioneine] |
|
GO:0052719
|
0 |
apurinic/apyrimidinic endoribonuclease activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages immediately 5' to an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP; also called abasic) site within a ribonucleic acid molecule by creating internal breaks, generating a single-strand break with 5'-ribose phosphate and 3'-hydroxyl ends." [PMID:19401441] |
|
GO:0052720
|
0 |
apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of ester linkages immediately 5' to an apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP; also called abasic) site within a deoxyribonucleic acid molecule by creating internal breaks, generating a single-strand break with 5'-deoxyribose phosphate and 3'-hydroxyl ends." [PMID:19401441] |
|
GO:0052721
|
0 |
regulation of apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease activity |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endodeoxyribonuclease activity, the hydrolysis of ester linkages immediately 5' to an AP (also called abasic) site within a deoxyribonucleic acid molecule by creating internal breaks, generating a single-strand break with 5'-deoxyribose phosphate and 3'-hydroxyl ends." [PMID:19401441] |
|
GO:0052785
|
0 |
cellulose catabolism by endo-processive cellulases |
"The breakdown into simpler components of cellulose. Catabolism is initiated by endohydrolytic attacks on the cellulose chain, and the resulting pieces are further degraded by cellulase enzymes to produce smaller and smaller fragments." [GOC:mengo_curators, PMID:18035374] |
|
GO:0052793
|
0 |
pectin acetylesterase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: pectin + H2O = pectate + acetate. This reaction is the hydrolysis of acetyl esters of pectin, producing pectate, partially esterified pectin." [GOC:mengo_curators, PMID:9218776] |
|
GO:0052884
|
0 |
all-trans-retinyl-palmitate hydrolase, 11-cis retinol forming activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + all-trans-retinyl palmitate = 11-cis-retinol + H(+) + palmitate." [RHEA:31778] |
|
GO:0052885
|
0 |
all-trans-retinyl-ester hydrolase, 11-cis retinol forming activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: H(2)O + all-trans-retinyl ester = 11-cis-retinol + fatty acid." [RHEA:31774] |
|
GO:0052889
|
0 |
9,9'-di-cis-zeta-carotene desaturation to 7,9,7',9'-tetra-cis-lycopene |
"The series of reactions in which 9,9'-di-cis-zeta-carotene is desaturated to 7,9,9'-tri-cis-neurosporene, and then 7,9,7',9'-tetra-cis-lycopene. The overall reaction for this process is: 9,9'-di-cis-zeta-carotene + 2 quinone = 2 quinol + 7,9,7',9'-tetra-cis-lycopene." [EC:1.3.5.6, KEGG:R07511] |
|
GO:0052922
|
0 |
hexaprenyl diphosphate synthase (geranylgeranyl-diphosphate specific) activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: geranylgeranyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate = 2 diphosphate + all-trans-hexaprenyl diphosphate." [RHEA:27558] |
|
GO:0052923
|
0 |
all-trans-nonaprenyl-diphosphate synthase (geranyl-diphosphate specific) activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: geranyl diphosphate + 7 isopentenyl diphosphate = 7 diphosphate + all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate." [EC:2.5.1.84, RHEA:27566] |
|
GO:0052924
|
0 |
all-trans-nonaprenyl-diphosphate synthase (geranylgeranyl-diphosphate specific) activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: geranylgeranyl diphosphate + 5 isopentenyl diphosphate = 5 diphosphate + all-trans-nonaprenyl diphosphate." [EC:2.5.1.85] |
|
GO:0055031
|
0 |
gamma-tubulin large complex, equatorial microtubule organizing center |
"A complex of gamma tubulin and associated proteins thought to be formed by multimerization of gamma-tubulin small complexes located at equatorial microtubule organizing centers." [GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0055032
|
0 |
gamma-tubulin large complex, spindle pole body |
"A complex of gamma tubulin and associated proteins thought to be formed by multimerization of gamma-tubulin small complexes located in the spindle pole body." [GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0055033
|
0 |
gamma-tubulin large complex, interphase microtubule organizing center |
"A complex of gamma tubulin and associated proteins thought to be formed by multimerization of gamma-tubulin small complexes located at interphase microtubule organizing centers." [GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0055039
|
0 |
trichocyst |
"A crystalline exocytotic organelle composed of small, acidic proteins existing primarily as disulphide-linked dimers. The trichocyst is an organelle that releases long filamentous proteins that capture predators in "nets" to slow them down when the cell is disturbed. The protein is nontoxic and shaped like a long, striated, fibrous shaft." [GOC:jid, GOC:rph, http://www.iscid.org/encyclopedia/, PMID:3667715] |
|
GO:0055040
|
0 |
periplasmic flagellum |
"Flagellar filaments located in the periplasmic space; characterized in spirochetes, in which they are essential for shape and motility. Composed of a core surrounded by two sheath layers, the flagella rotate to allow migration of the cell through viscous media, which would not be possible using external flagella." [GOC:jid, GOC:rph, PMID:15175283, PMID:1624463] |
|
GO:0055051
|
0 |
ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter complex, integrated substrate binding |
"A complex for the transport of metabolites out of the cell, consisting of 4 domains: two ATP-binding domains and two membrane spanning domains. In some cases, all 4 domains are contained on 1 polypeptide, while in others one ATP-binding domain and one membrane spanning domain are together on one polypeptide in what is called a "half transporter". Two "half-transporters" come together to form a functional transporter. Transport of the substrate across the membrane is driven by the hydrolysis of ATP." [GOC:mlg, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
|
GO:0055076
|
34 |
transition metal ion homeostasis |
"Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of transition metal ions within an organism or cell. A transition metal is an element whose atom has an incomplete d-subshell of extranuclear electrons, or which gives rise to a cation or cations with an incomplete d-subshell. Transition metals often have more than one valency state. Biologically relevant transition metals include vanadium, manganese, iron, copper, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and silver." [GOC:jid, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0055086
|
294 |
nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process |
"The cellular chemical reactions and pathways involving a nucleobase-containing small molecule: a nucleobase, a nucleoside, or a nucleotide." [GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0055107
|
0 |
Golgi to secretory granule transport |
"The directed movement of proteins from the Golgi to a secretory granule. The secretory granule is a membrane-bounded particle, usually protein, formed in the granular endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex." [GOC:curators] |
|
GO:0055115
|
49 |
entry into diapause |
"The dormancy process that results in entry into diapause. Diapause is a neurohormonally mediated, dynamic state of low metabolic activity. Associated characteristics of this form of dormancy include reduced morphogenesis, increased resistance to environmental extremes, and altered or reduced behavioral activity. Full expression develops in a species-specific manner, usually in response to a number of environmental stimuli that precede unfavorable conditions. Once diapause has begun, metabolic activity is suppressed even if conditions favorable for development prevail. Once initiated, only certain stimuli are capable of releasing the organism from this state, and this characteristic is essential in distinguishing diapause from hibernation." [GOC:ds, GOC:jid, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0055120
|
0 |
striated muscle dense body |
"A vinculin-containing myofibril attachment structure of striated muscle that connects sarcomeres to the extracellular matrix. In nematode body wall muscle, the dense body performs the dual role of Z-disk and costamere." [GOC:kmv, PMID:17492481] |
|
GO:0055123
|
103 |
digestive system development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the digestive system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The digestive system is the entire structure in which digestion takes place. Digestion is all of the physical, chemical, and biochemical processes carried out by multicellular organisms to break down ingested nutrients into components that may be easily absorbed and directed into metabolism." [GOC:jid] |
|
GO:0060001
|
0 |
minus-end directed microfilament motor activity |
"Catalysis of movement along a microfilament towards the minus end, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP). The minus end of an actin filament is the end that does not preferentially add actin monomers." [GOC:dph, PMID:10519557] |
|
GO:0060002
|
0 |
plus-end directed microfilament motor activity |
"Catalysis of movement along a microfilament towards the plus end, coupled to the hydrolysis of a nucleoside triphosphate (usually ATP). The plus end of an actin filament is the end that preferentially adds actin monomers." [GOC:dph, PMID:10519557] |
|
GO:0060027
|
0 |
convergent extension involved in gastrulation |
"The morphogenetic process in which an epithelium narrows along one axis and lengthens in a perpendicular axis usually resulting in the formation of the three primary germ layers, ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm." [GOC:dph, PMID:12062082] |
|
GO:0060030
|
0 |
dorsal convergence |
"The directed migration of individual cells and small groups of cells toward the dorsal midline during gastrulation. This process does not require cell rearrangement." [GOC:dgf, GOC:dph, PMID:12062082] |
|
GO:0060037
|
0 |
pharyngeal system development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pharyngeal system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pharyngeal system is a transient embryonic complex that is specific to vertebrates. It comprises the pharyngeal arches, bulges of tissues of mesoderm and neural crest derivation through which pass nerves and pharyngeal arch arteries. The arches are separated internally by pharyngeal pouches, evaginations of foregut endoderm, and externally by pharyngeal clefts, invaginations of surface ectoderm. The development of the system ends when the stucture it contributes to are forming: the thymus, thyroid, parathyroids, maxilla, mandible, aortic arch, cardiac outflow tract, external and middle ear." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060039
|
0 |
pericardium development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the pericardium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pericardium is a double-walled sac that contains the heart and the roots of the aorta, vena cava and the pulmonary artery." [GOC:dph, GOC:rph, PMID:15138308, PMID:16376438] |
|
GO:0060041
|
0 |
retina development in camera-type eye |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the retina over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The retina is the innermost layer or coating at the back of the eyeball, which is sensitive to light and in which the optic nerve terminates." [GOC:bf, GOC:dph, ISBN:0815340729] |
|
GO:0060072
|
0 |
large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity |
"Enables the transmembrane transfer of potassium by a channel with a unit conductance of 100 to 220 picoSiemens that opens in response to stimulus by concerted actions of internal calcium ions and membrane potential. Large conductance calcium-activated potassium channels are less sensitive to calcium than are small or intermediate conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. Transport by a channel involves catalysis of facilitated diffusion of a solute (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel, without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism." [GOC:mtg_transport, ISBN:0815340729, PMID:17115074] |
|
GO:0060073
|
0 |
micturition |
"The regulation of body fluids process in which parasympathetic nerves stimulate the bladder wall muscle to contract and expel urine from the body." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060081
|
0 |
membrane hyperpolarization |
"The process in which membrane potential increases with respect to its steady-state potential, usually from negative potential to a more negative potential. For example, during the repolarization phase of an action potential the membrane potential often becomes more negative or hyperpolarized before returning to the steady-state resting potential." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060111
|
0 |
alae of collagen and cuticulin-based cuticle extracellular matrix |
"Raised, thickened cuticular ridges that run longitudinally, and in parallel, along the left and right sides of the animal. The alae lie above the hypodermal cells known as the lateral seam cells. In C. elegans, alae are produced in L1 larvae, dauer larvae and adult stage animals, where they consist of three, five, and three ridges of distinct morphology, respectively." [GOC:dph, GOC:kmv, ISSN:15518507] |
|
GO:0060135
|
0 |
maternal process involved in female pregnancy |
"A reproductive process occurring in the mother that allows an embryo or fetus to develop within it." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060136
|
0 |
embryonic process involved in female pregnancy |
"A reproductive process occurring in the embryo or fetus that allows the embryo or fetus to develop within the mother." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060150
|
0 |
viral triggering of virus induced gene silencing |
"Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the inactivation of gene expression of both viral genes and host homologues to those genes by a posttranscriptional mechanism in a virally infected cell." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060151
|
0 |
peroxisome localization |
"Any process in which a peroxisome is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location. A peroxisome is a small membrane-bounded organelle that uses dioxygen (O2) to oxidize organic molecules." [GOC:dph, PMID:16449325] |
|
GO:0060152
|
0 |
microtubule-based peroxisome localization |
"The microtubule-based process in which a peroxisome is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location. A peroxisome is a small membrane-bounded organelle that uses dioxygen (O2) to oxidize organic molecules." [GOC:dph, PMID:16449325] |
|
GO:0060163
|
0 |
subpallium neuron fate commitment |
"The process in which in the subpallium, the developmental fate of a cell becomes restricted such that it will develop into a neuron. The subpallium is the base region of the telencephalon." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060165
|
0 |
regulation of timing of subpallium neuron differentiation |
"The process controlling the timing and/or rate at which a relatively unspecialized cell in the subpallium acquires features of a neuron. The subpallium is the base region of the telencephalon." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060172
|
0 |
astral microtubule depolymerization |
"The removal of tubulin heterodimers from one or both ends of an astral microtubule. An astral microtubule is any of the spindle microtubules that radiate in all directions from the spindle poles and are thought to contribute to the forces that separate the poles and position them in relation to the rest of the cell." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060178
|
1 |
regulation of exocyst localization |
"Any process that modulates the localization of exocysts. An exocyst is a protein complex peripherally associated with the plasma membrane that determines where vesicles dock and fuse." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060188
|
0 |
regulation of protein desumoylation |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein desumoylation. Protein desumoylation is the process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is cleaved from its target protein." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060189
|
0 |
positive regulation of protein desumoylation |
"Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein desumoylation. Protein desumoylation is the process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is cleaved from its target protein." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060190
|
0 |
negative regulation of protein desumoylation |
"Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of protein desumoylation. Protein desumoylation is the process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is cleaved from its target protein." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060209
|
0 |
estrus |
"The estrous cycle phase in which a female is sexually receptive." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0721662544] |
|
GO:0060237
|
0 |
regulation of fungal-type cell wall organization |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the fungal-type cell wall." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060250
|
0 |
germ-line stem-cell niche homeostasis |
"A homeostatic process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state within the germ-line stem-cell niche. This includes control of cellular proliferation and death and control of metabolic function that allows the niche to continue to function. A gem-line stem-cell niche is an anatomical structure that regulates how germ-line stem-cells are used and saves them from depletion." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060255
|
1532 |
regulation of macromolecule metabolic process |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060269
|
0 |
centripetally migrating follicle cell migration |
"The cell migration process in which a follicle cell migrates as part of an epithelial sheet between the nurse cells and the oocyte. At the end of migration, they cover the anterior of the oocyte." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060285
|
1 |
cilium-dependent cell motility |
"Cell motility due to the motion of one or more eukaryotic cilia. A eukaryotic cilium is a specialized organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface. Each cilium is bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic (plasma) membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored basally in a centriole." [GOC:cilia, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:krc, GOC:mlg, GOC:mtg_cambridge_2013] |
|
GO:0060306
|
0 |
regulation of membrane repolarization |
"Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential in the polarizing direction towards the resting potential, usually from positive to negative." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060343
|
0 |
trabecula formation |
"The process of creating a trabecula in an organ. A trabecula is a small, often microscopic, tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod, which generally has a mechanical function. Trabecula are usually but not necessarily, composed of dense collagenous tissue." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060344
|
0 |
liver trabecula formation |
"The process of creating a trabecula in the liver. A trabecula is a tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060345
|
0 |
spleen trabecula formation |
"The process of creating a trabecula in the spleen. A trabecula is a tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060346
|
0 |
bone trabecula formation |
"The process of creating a trabecula in the bone. A trabecula is a tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060347
|
0 |
heart trabecula formation |
"The process of creating a trabecula in the heart. A trabecula is a tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060361
|
0 |
flight |
"Self-propelled movement of an organism from one location to another through the air, usually by means of active wing movement." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060374
|
0 |
mast cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a mast cell. A mast cell is a cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060375
|
0 |
regulation of mast cell differentiation |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of mast cell differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a mast cell. A mast cell is a cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060376
|
0 |
positive regulation of mast cell differentiation |
"Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of mast cell differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a mast cell. A mast cell is a cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060377
|
0 |
negative regulation of mast cell differentiation |
"Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of mast cell differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a mast cell. A mast cell is a cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060405
|
0 |
regulation of penile erection |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of penile erection. Penile erection is the hardening, enlarging and rising of the penis which often occurs in the sexually aroused male and enables sexual intercourse. Achieved by increased inflow of blood into the vessels of erectile tissue, and decreased outflow." [GOC:add, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060406
|
0 |
positive regulation of penile erection |
"Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of penile erection. Penile erection is the hardening, enlarging and rising of the penis which often occurs in the sexually aroused male and enables sexual intercourse. Achieved by increased inflow of blood into the vessels of erectile tissue, and decreased outflow." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060407
|
0 |
negative regulation of penile erection |
"Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of penile erection. Penile erection is the hardening, enlarging and rising of the penis which often occurs in the sexually aroused male and enables sexual intercourse. Achieved by increased inflow of blood into the vessels of erectile tissue, and decreased outflow." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060432
|
0 |
lung pattern specification process |
"Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within the lung, to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060437
|
0 |
lung growth |
"The increase in size or mass of a lung. In all air-breathing vertebrates the lungs are developed from the ventral wall of the oesophagus as a pouch which divides into two sacs. In amphibians and many reptiles the lungs retain very nearly this primitive sac-like character, but in the higher forms the connection with the esophagus becomes elongated into the windpipe and the inner walls of the sacs become more and more divided, until, in the mammals, the air spaces become minutely divided into tubes ending in small air cells, in the walls of which the blood circulates in a fine network of capillaries. In mammals the lungs are more or less divided into lobes, and each lung occupies a separate cavity in the thorax." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060466
|
0 |
activation of meiosis involved in egg activation |
"Any process that starts the inactive process of meiosis in an egg after the egg has been fertilized or physiologically activated. Eggs generally arrest in meiosis and complete the process after activation." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060489
|
0 |
planar dichotomous subdivision of terminal units involved in lung branching morphogenesis |
"The process in which a lung bud bifurcates parallel to the plane of the previous bud." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_lung] |
|
GO:0060503
|
0 |
bud dilation involved in lung branching |
"The process in which a bud in the lung increases radially." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060504
|
0 |
positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung bud dilation |
"Any process that increases the rate or frequency of epithelial cell proliferation that results in the lung bud increasing in size radially." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060547
|
0 |
negative regulation of necrotic cell death |
"Any process that decreases the rate, frequency or extent of necrotic cell death. Necrotic cell death is a cell death process that is morphologically characterized by a gain in cell volume (oncosis), swelling of organelles, plasma membrane rupture and subsequent loss of intracellular contents." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060548
|
42 |
negative regulation of cell death |
"Any process that decreases the rate or frequency of cell death. Cell death is the specific activation or halting of processes within a cell so that its vital functions markedly cease, rather than simply deteriorating gradually over time, which culminates in cell death." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060622
|
0 |
regulation of ascospore wall beta-glucan biosynthetic process |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of ascospore wall beta-glucan biosynthetic process, the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of ascospores." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060624
|
0 |
regulation of ascospore wall (1->3)-beta-D-glucan biosynthetic process |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of ascospore wall (1->3)-beta-D-glucan biosynthetic process, the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-beta-D--glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of ascospores." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060628
|
0 |
regulation of ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport, the directed movement of substances from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to the Golgi, mediated by COP II vesicles. Small COP II coated vesicles form from the ER and then fuse directly with the cis-Golgi. Larger structures are transported along microtubules to the cis-Golgi." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060629
|
1 |
regulation of homologous chromosome segregation |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of homologous chromosome segregation, the cell cycle process in which replicated homologous chromosomes are organized and then physically separated and apportioned to two sets during the first division of the meiotic cell cycle. Each replicated chromosome, composed of two sister chromatids, aligns at the cell equator, paired with its homologous partner; this pairing off, referred to as synapsis, permits genetic recombination. One homolog (both sister chromatids) of each morphologic type goes into each of the resulting chromosome sets." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060645
|
0 |
peripheral mammary gland bud epithelial cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized epithelial cell of the mammary placode becomes an epithelial cell at the periphery of the mammary gland bud. Cells at the periphery of the bud are larger that those of the surrounding epithelium and are arranged concentrically." [GOC:dph, PMID:12558599] |
|
GO:0060646
|
0 |
internal mammary gland bud epithelial cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized epithelial cell of the mammary placode becomes an internal epithelial cell of the mammary gland bud. Internal cells are small and of irregular shape." [GOC:dph, PMID:12558599] |
|
GO:0060670
|
0 |
branching involved in labyrinthine layer morphogenesis |
"The process in which the branches of the fetal placental villi are generated and organized. The villous part of the placenta is called the labyrinth layer." [GOC:dph, PMID:16916377] |
|
GO:0060682
|
0 |
primary ureteric bud growth |
"The process in which the primary ureteric bud grows along its axis dorsally toward the metanephric blastema." [GOC:dph, PMID:16916378] |
|
GO:0060710
|
0 |
chorio-allantoic fusion |
"The cell-cell adhesion process in which the cells of the chorion fuse to the cells of the allantois." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060743
|
0 |
epithelial cell maturation involved in prostate gland development |
"The developmental process, independent of morphogenetic (shape) change, that is required for an epithelial cell of the prostate gland to attain its fully functional state. An epithelial cell is a cell usually found in a two-dimensional sheet with a free surface." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060782
|
0 |
regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation that contributes to the progression of the prostate gland over time. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets." [GOC:dph, PMID:12221011] |
|
GO:0060816
|
0 |
random inactivation of X chromosome |
"Compensating for the two-fold variation in X-chromosome:autosome ratios between sexes by a global inactivation of all, or most of, the genes on either the paternal or maternal X-chromosome in the XX sex." [GOC:dph, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060817
|
0 |
inactivation of paternal X chromosome |
"Compensating for the two-fold variation in X-chromosome:autosome ratios between sexes by a global inactivation of all, or most of, the genes specifically on the paternal X-chromosome in the XX sex." [GOC:dph, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060818
|
0 |
inactivation of paternal X chromosome by genetic imprinting |
"Compensating for the two-fold variation in X-chromosome:autosome ratios between sexes by a global inactivation of all, or most of, the genes on the paternal X-chromosome in the XX sex by genetic imprinting." [GOC:dph, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060819
|
0 |
inactivation of X chromosome by genetic imprinting |
"Compensating for the two-fold variation in X-chromosome:autosome ratios between sexes by a global inactivation of all, or most of, the genes on one of the X-chromosomes in the XX sex by genetic imprinting." [GOC:dph, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060820
|
0 |
inactivation of X chromosome by heterochromatin assembly |
"Compensating for the two-fold variation in X-chromosome:autosome ratios between sexes by a global inactivation of all, or most of, the genes on one of the X-chromosomes in the XX sex by the mechanism of heterochromatin formation." [GOC:dph, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060821
|
0 |
inactivation of X chromosome by DNA methylation |
"Compensating for the two-fold variation in X-chromosome:autosome ratios between sexes by a global inactivation of all, or most of, the genes on one of the X-chromosomes in the XX sex by a mechanism of DNA methylation." [GOC:dph, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060864
|
0 |
positive regulation of floral organ abscission by small GTPase mediated signal transduction |
"Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals that increases the rate or extent of floral organ abscission." [GOC:dph, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060868
|
0 |
regulation of vesicle-mediated transport involved in floral organ abscission by small GTPase mediated signal transduction |
"Any series of molecular signals in which a small monomeric GTPase relays one or more of the signals that modulates the rate or extent of floral organ abscission." [GOC:dph, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060870
|
0 |
cell wall disassembly involved in floral organ abscission |
"A cellular process that results in the breakdown of the cell wall that contributes to the process of floral organ abscission." [GOC:dph, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060880
|
0 |
cell morphogenesis involved in semicircular canal fusion |
"The change in form (cell shape and size) that occurs when a semicircular canal epithelial cell acquires the structural features that allow it to contribute to the process of semicircular canal fusion." [GOC:dph, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060896
|
0 |
neural plate pattern specification |
"The developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within the neural plate to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate." [GOC:dph, GOC:sdb_2009, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060904
|
0 |
regulation of protein folding in endoplasmic reticulum |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the protein folding process that takes place in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Secreted, plasma membrane and organelle proteins are folded in the ER, assisted by chaperones and foldases (protein disulphide isomerases), and additional factors required for optimal folding (ATP, Ca2+ and an oxidizing environment to allow disulfide bond formation)." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060906
|
0 |
negative regulation of chromatin silencing by small RNA |
"Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of chromatin silencing by small RNA. Chromatin silencing by small RNA is the repression of transcription by conversion of large regions of DNA into heterochromatin, directed by small RNAs sharing sequence identity to the repressed region." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060916
|
0 |
mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development |
"The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a mesenchymal cell population that contributes to the progression of the lung over time. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0060964
|
3 |
regulation of gene silencing by miRNA |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the downregulation of gene expression through the action of microRNAs (miRNAs), endogenous 21-24 nucleotide small RNAs processed from stem-loop RNA precursors (pre-miRNAs). Once incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), miRNAs can downregulate gene expression by either of two posttranscriptional mechanisms: mRNA cleavage or translational repression." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060965
|
2 |
negative regulation of gene silencing by miRNA |
"Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the downregulation of gene expression through the action of microRNAs (miRNAs), endogenous 21-24 nucleotide small RNAs processed from stem-loop RNA precursors (pre-miRNAs). Once incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), miRNAs can downregulate gene expression by either of two posttranscriptional mechanisms: mRNA cleavage or translational repression." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0060975
|
0 |
cardioblast migration to the midline involved in heart field formation |
"The orderly movement of a cardioblast toward the midline to form the heart field. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating." [GOC:mtg_heart] |
|
GO:0061004
|
0 |
pattern specification involved in kidney development |
"Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within the kidney to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] |
|
GO:0061007
|
0 |
hepaticobiliary system process |
"An system process carried out by any of the organs or tissues of the hepaticobiliary system. The hepaticobiliary system is responsible for metabolic and catabolic processing of small molecules absorbed from the blood or gut, hormones and serum proteins, detoxification, storage of glycogen, triglycerides, metals and lipid soluble vitamins and excretion of bile. Included are the synthesis of albumin, blood coagulation factors, complement, and specific binding proteins." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0061008
|
0 |
hepaticobiliary system development |
"The progression of the hepaticobiliary system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The hepaticobiliary system is responsible for metabolic and catabolic processing of small molecules absorbed from the blood or gut, hormones and serum proteins, detoxification, storage of glycogen, triglycerides, metals and lipid soluble vitamins and excretion of bile. Included are the synthesis of albumin, blood coagulation factors, complement, and specific binding proteins." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0061009
|
0 |
common bile duct development |
"The progression of the common bile duct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The common bile duct is formed from the joining of the common hepatic duct running from the liver, and the cystic duct running from the gall bladder. The common bile duct transports bile from the liver and gall bladder to the intestine." [PMID:20614624] |
|
GO:0061010
|
0 |
gall bladder development |
"The progression of the gall bladder over time, from its initial formation to the mature structure. The gall bladder is a cavitated organ that stores bile." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0061015
|
1 |
snRNA import into nucleus |
"The directed movement of snRNA, small nuclear ribonucleic acid into the nucleus." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0061016
|
0 |
snRNA import into Cajal body |
"The directed movement of snRNA, small nuclear ribonucleic acid, into a Cajal body." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0061024
|
308 |
membrane organization |
"A process which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a membrane. A membrane is a double layer of lipid molecules that encloses all cells, and, in eukaryotes, many organelles; may be a single or double lipid bilayer; also includes associated proteins." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0061028
|
0 |
establishment of endothelial barrier |
"The establishment of a barrier between endothelial cell layers, such as those in the brain, lung or intestine, to exert specific and selective control over the passage of water and solutes, thus allowing formation and maintenance of compartments that differ in fluid and solute composition." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0061053
|
0 |
somite development |
"The progression of a somite from its initial formation to the mature structure. Somites are mesodermal clusters that are arranged segmentally along the anterior posterior axis of an embryo." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0061137
|
0 |
bud dilation |
"The process in which a branch bud increases radially. A branch bud is the initial area of outgrowth in the formation of a new branch." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0061146
|
0 |
Peyer's patch morphogenesis |
"The process in which a Peyer's patch is generated and organized. Peyer's patches are typically found as nodules associated with gut epithelium with distinct internal structures including B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0061177
|
0 |
type Is terminal bouton |
"Terminal inflated portion of the axon of a glutamatergic neuron, containing the specialized apparatus necessary for the phasic release neurotransmitters that will induce the contraction of muscle. Type Is terminal boutons are smaller than type Ib terminal boutons." [GOC:dph, GOC:mc] |
|
GO:0061205
|
0 |
paramesonephric duct development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the paramesonephric duct over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Mullerian ducts (or paramesonephric ducts) are paired ducts of the embryo that run down the lateral sides of the urogenital ridge and terminate at the mullerian eminence in the primitive urogenital sinus. In the female, they will develop to form the fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix, and the upper portion of the vagina; in the male, they are lost. These ducts are made of tissue of mesodermal origin." [GOC:dph, GOC:yaf] |
|
GO:0061227
|
0 |
pattern specification involved in mesonephros development |
"Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within the mesonephros to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate." [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] |
|
GO:0061327
|
0 |
anterior Malpighian tubule development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the anterior Malpighian tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pair of anterior tubules arise from a dorsal region of the embryonic hindgut and projects forwards through the body cavity. A Malpighian tubule is a fine, thin-walled excretory tubule in insects which connects with the posterior part of the gut." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10, PMID:19783135] |
|
GO:0061328
|
0 |
posterior Malpighian tubule development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the posterior Malpighian tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The pair of posterior tubules arise from a ventrolateral region of the embryonic hindgut and project backwards through the body cavity. A Malpighian tubule is a fine, thin-walled excretory tubule in insects which connects with the posterior part of the gut." [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] |
|
GO:0061373
|
0 |
mammillary axonal complex development |
"The progression of the mammillary axonal complex over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammillary axonal complex is formed by the axons from the lateral, medial mammillary and the dorsal premammillary nuclei which share a branching pattern. Every neuron gives off one axonal stem that bifurcates into 2 branches. One of the branches is directed dorsally to the thalamus and another caudally to the midbrain." [GOC:dph, GOC:yaf, PMID:10662642] |
|
GO:0061377
|
0 |
mammary gland lobule development |
"The progression of the mammary gland lobule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A mammary gland lobule is a small rounded projection of the mammary gland." [GOC:dph, GOC:yaf] |
|
GO:0061379
|
0 |
inferior colliculus development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the inferior colliculus over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The inferior colliculus (IC) (Latin, lower hill) is the principal midbrain nucleus of the auditory pathway and receives input from several more peripheral brainstem nuclei in the auditory pathway, as well as inputs from the auditory cortex. The inferior colliculus has three subdivisions: the central nucleus (CIC), a dorsal cortex (DCIC) by which it is surrounded, and an external cortex (ICX) which is located laterally." [GOC:dph, GOC:yaf] |
|
GO:0061383
|
0 |
trabecula morphogenesis |
"The process of shaping a trabecula in an organ. A trabecula is a small, often microscopic, tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod, which generally has a mechanical function. Trabecula are usually but not necessarily, composed of dense collagenous tissue." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0061384
|
0 |
heart trabecula morphogenesis |
"The process of shaping a trabecula in the heart. A trabecula is a small, often microscopic, tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod, which generally has a mechanical function. Trabecula are usually but not necessarily, composed of dense collagenous tissue." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0061416
|
5 |
regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to salt stress |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under salt stress. The stress is usually an increase or decrease in the concentration of salt (particularly but not exclusively sodium and chloride ions) in the environment." [GOC:dph, PMID:18667581] |
|
GO:0061430
|
0 |
bone trabecula morphogenesis |
"The process of shaping a trabecula in bone. A trabecula is a tissue element in the form of a small beam, strut or rod." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:vk] |
|
GO:0061492
|
0 |
asymmetric protein localization to old or new spindle pole body |
"Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained to either the old or new spindle pole body resulting in its being distributed asymmetrically." [GOC:dph, PMID:22119525] |
|
GO:0061494
|
0 |
gamma-tubulin large complex, mitotic spindle pole body |
"A complex of gamma tubulin and associated proteins thought to be formed by multimerization of gamma-tubulin small complexes located in the mitotic spindle pole body." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0061495
|
0 |
gamma-tubulin small complex, mitotic spindle pole body |
"A complex composed of two gamma-tubulin molecules and conserved non-tubulin proteins located in the mitotic spindle pole body and isolated by fractionation from cells. The complex, approximately 6S-9S, is analogous to the small complex in animal cells but contains fewer subunits, and is not thought to multimerize into larger functional units, like complexes in those organisms. An example of this structure is found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0061509
|
0 |
asymmetric protein localization to old mitotic spindle pole body |
"Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained to the old mitotic spindle pole body resulting in its being distributed asymmetrically." [GOC:dph, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0061510
|
0 |
asymmetric protein localization to new mitotic spindle pole body |
"Any process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained to the new mitotic spindle pole body resulting in its being distributed asymmetrically." [GOC:dph, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0061620
|
0 |
glycolytic process through glucose-6-phosphate |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a carbohydrate into pyruvate, occurring through a glucose-6-phosphate intermediate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0201090910, ISBN:0879010479] |
|
GO:0061621
|
0 |
canonical glycolysis |
"The glycolytic process that begins with the conversion of glucose to glucose-6-phosphate by glucokinase activity. Glycolytic processes are the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a carbohydrate into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0201090910, ISBN:0879010479] |
|
GO:0061622
|
0 |
glycolytic process through glucose-1-phosphate |
"The chemical reactions and pathways through a glucose-1-phosphate intermediate that result in the catabolism of a carbohydrate into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0201090910] |
|
GO:0061623
|
0 |
glycolytic process from galactose |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of galactose into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP." [GOC:dph, ISBN:0201090910] |
|
GO:0061673
|
0 |
mitotic spindle astral microtubule |
"Any of the mitotic spindle microtubules that radiate in all directions from the spindle poles and are thought to contribute to the forces that separate the poles and position them in relation to the rest of the cell." [GOC:dph] |
|
GO:0061704
|
0 |
glycolytic process from sucrose |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a sucrose into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP and the reduction of NAD(P) to NAD(P)H. Glycolysis begins with the metabolism of a carbohydrate to generate products that can enter the pathway and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to acetyl-coenzyme A, ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules." [GOC:dph, GOC:glycolysis, PMID:15012287] |
|
GO:0061706
|
0 |
glycolytic process from sucrose through glucose and fructose |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of sucrose into pyruvate through both glucose and fructose intermediates, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP and the reduction of NAD(P) to NAD(P)H. Glycolysis begins with the metabolism of a carbohydrate to generate products that can enter the pathway and ends with the production of pyruvate. Pyruvate may be converted to acetyl-coenzyme A, ethanol, lactate, or other small molecules." [GOC:dph, GOC:glycolysis, MetaCyc:PWY-1042, PMID:15012287] |
|
GO:0061719
|
0 |
glucose catabolic process to pyruvate utilizing ADP |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of glucose into pyruvate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP and the utilization of ADP in the initial kinase reactions." [GOC:dph, MetaCyc:P341-PWY] |
|
GO:0070006
|
0 |
metalloaminopeptidase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of N-terminal amino acid residues from a polypeptide chain by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#AMINOPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] |
|
GO:0070008
|
0 |
serine-type exopeptidase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond not more than three residues from the N- or C-terminus of a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#EXOPEPTIDASE, ISBN:0716720094] |
|
GO:0070009
|
0 |
serine-type aminopeptidase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond not more than three residues from the N-terminus of a polypeptide chain by a catalytic mechanism that involves a catalytic triad consisting of a serine nucleophile that is activated by a proton relay involving an acidic residue (e.g. aspartate or glutamate) and a basic residue (usually histidine)." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#AMINOPEPTIDASE, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE, ISBN:0716720094] |
|
GO:0070012
|
0 |
oligopeptidase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond in an oligopeptide, i.e. a molecule containing a small number (2 to 20) of amino acid residues connected by peptide bonds." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0070016
|
0 |
armadillo repeat domain binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the armadillo repeat domain of a protein, an approximately 40 amino acid long tandemly repeated sequence motif first identified in the Drosophila segment polarity protein armadillo. Arm-repeat proteins are involved in various processes, including intracellular signalling and cytoskeletal regulation." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:vk, InterPro:IPR000225] |
|
GO:0070059
|
0 |
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress |
"A series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway is induced in response to a stimulus indicating endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. ER stress usually results from the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:18701708] |
|
GO:0070062
|
0 |
extracellular exosome |
"A membrane-bounded vesicle that is released into the extracellular region by fusion of the limiting endosomal membrane of a multivesicular body with the plasma membrane. Extracellular exosomes, also simply called exosomes, have a diameter of about 40-100 nm." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:vesicles, PMID:15908444, PMID:17641064, PMID:19442504, PMID:19498381, PMID:22418571, PMID:24009894] |
|
GO:0070074
|
0 |
mononeme |
"A secretory organelle that forms part of the apical complex; a small, threadlike structure located is close proximity to the subpellicular microtubules. Its contents include a rhomboid protease (PfROM1 in Plasmodium falciparum) that moves from the lateral asymmetric localization to the merozoite apical pole and the posterior pole upon release of merozoites from schizonts." [GOC:BHF, PMID:18048320] |
|
GO:0070111
|
0 |
organellar chromatophore |
"A bacteroid-containing symbiosome in which the bacterial component is a genetically highly reduced cyanobacterium that is photosynthetically active and incapable of an independent existence outside its host. The chromatophore functions as a photosynthetic organelle, and has been found and characterized in the amoeba Paulinella chromatophora." [GOC:expert_mm, PMID:18356055] |
|
GO:0070121
|
0 |
Kupffer's vesicle development |
"The progression of the Kupffer's vesicle over time from its initial formation until its mature state. The Kupffer's vesicle is a small but distinctive epithelial sac containing fluid, located midventrally posterior to the yolk cell or its extension, and transiently present during most of the segmentation period." [GOC:dgh] |
|
GO:0070547
|
0 |
L-tyrosine aminotransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group from L-tyrosine to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070126
|
4 |
mitochondrial translational termination |
"The process resulting in the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome in a mitochondrion, usually in response to a termination codon (note that mitochondria use variants of the universal genetic code that differ between different taxa)." [GOC:mah, http://mitogenome.org/index.php/Genetic_Code_of_mitochondria] |
|
GO:0070135
|
0 |
beta-1,2-oligomannoside metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-1,2-linked oligomannosides, which are found in fungal cell wall phosphopeptidomannan and phospholipomannan." [GOC:mah, PMID:18234669] |
|
GO:0070136
|
0 |
beta-1,2-oligomannoside biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-1,2-linked oligomannosides, which are found in fungal cell wall phosphopeptidomannan and phospholipomannan." [GOC:mah, PMID:18234669] |
|
GO:0070137
|
0 |
ubiquitin-like protein-specific endopeptidase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds between an alpha-carboxyl group and an alpha-amino group within a small protein such as ubiquitin or a ubiquitin-like protein (e.g. APG8, ISG15, NEDD8, SUMO)." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070138
|
0 |
ubiquitin-like protein-specific isopeptidase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an isopeptide bond between a small protein such as ubiquitin or a ubiquitin-like protein (e.g. APG8, ISG15, NEDD8, SUMO) and a protein to which the small protein has been conjugated." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070139
|
0 |
SUMO-specific endopeptidase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of peptide bonds between an alpha-carboxyl group and an alpha-amino group within the small conjugating protein SUMO." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070140
|
0 |
SUMO-specific isopeptidase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of an isopeptide bond between the small conjugating protein SUMO and a protein to which SUMO has been conjugated." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070160
|
0 |
occluding junction |
"A cell-cell junction that seals cells together in an epithelium in a way that prevents even small molecules from leaking from one side of the sheet to the other." [ISBN:0815332181] |
|
GO:0070161
|
0 |
anchoring junction |
"A cell junction that mechanically attaches a cell (and its cytoskeleton) to neighboring cells or to the extracellular matrix." [ISBN:0815332181] |
|
GO:0070181
|
0 |
small ribosomal subunit rRNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the small ribosomal subunit RNA (SSU rRNA), a constituent of the small ribosomal subunit. In S. cerevisiae, this is the 18S rRNA." [GOC:elh] |
|
GO:0070548
|
0 |
L-glutamine aminotransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group from L-glutamine to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070208
|
0 |
protein heterotrimerization |
"The formation of a protein heterotrimer, a macromolecular structure consisting of three noncovalently associated subunits, of which not all are identical." [GOC:hjd] |
|
GO:0070252
|
4 |
actin-mediated cell contraction |
"The actin filament-based process in which cytoplasmic actin filaments slide past one another resulting in contraction of all or part of the cell body." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070263
|
0 |
external side of fungal-type cell wall |
"The side of the fungal-type cell wall that is opposite to the side that faces the cell and its contents." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070265
|
29 |
necrotic cell death |
"A type of cell death that is morphologically characterized by an increasingly translucent cytoplasm, swelling of organelles, minor ultrastructural modifications of the nucleus (specifically, dilatation of the nuclear membrane and condensation of chromatin into small, irregular, circumscribed patches) and increased cell volume (oncosis), culminating in the disruption of the plasma membrane and subsequent loss of intracellular contents. Necrotic cells do not fragment into discrete corpses as their apoptotic counterparts do. Moreover, their nuclei remain intact and can aggregate and accumulate in necrotic tissues." [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:18846107, PMID:20823910] |
|
GO:0070266
|
0 |
necroptotic process |
"A programmed necrotic cell death process which begins when a cell receives a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a death receptor or to a Toll-like receptor), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathways), characterized by activation of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 and/or 3 (RIPK1/3, also called RIP1/3) and by critical dependence on mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL), and which typically lead to common morphological features of necrotic cell death. The process ends when the cell has died. The process is divided into a signaling phase, and an execution phase, which is triggered by the former." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb, PMID:18846107, PMID:20823910, PMID:21737330, PMID:21760595, PMID:21876153] |
|
GO:0070267
|
0 |
oncosis |
"A cellular process that results in swelling of the cell body, and that is morphologically characteristic of necrotic cell death." [PMID:17873035, PMID:18846107] |
|
GO:0070268
|
0 |
cornification |
"A type of programmed cell death that occurs in the epidermis, morphologically and biochemically distinct from apoptosis. It leads to the formation of corneocytes, i.e. dead keratinocytes containing an amalgam of specific proteins (e.g., keratin, loricrin, SPR and involucrin) and lipids (e.g., fatty acids and ceramides), which are necessary for the function of the cornified skin layer (mechanical resistance, elasticity, water repellence and structural stability)." [GOC:krc, PMID:18846107] |
|
GO:0070275
|
0 |
aerobic ammonia oxidation to nitrite via pyruvic oxime |
"The metabolic process in which ammonia (NH3) is oxidized to nitrite (NO2) in the presence of oxygen. Hydroxylamine is produced enzymatically, and, in the presence of pyruvate, forms pyruvic oxime in a spontaneous, non-enzymatic reaction; pyruvic oxime is then converted to nitrite." [MetaCyc:PWY-2242] |
|
GO:0070306
|
0 |
lens fiber cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a lens fiber cell, any of the elongated, tightly packed cells that make up the bulk of the mature lens in the camera-type eye. The cytoplasm of a lens fiber cell is devoid of most intracellular organelles including the cell nucleus, and contains primarily crystallins, a group of water-soluble proteins expressed in vary large quantities." [GOC:mah, PMID:7693735] |
|
GO:0070309
|
0 |
lens fiber cell morphogenesis |
"The process in which the structures of a lens fiber cell are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of a lens fiber cell. A lens fiber cell is any of the elongated, tightly packed cells that make up the bulk of the mature lens in a camera-type eye." [GOC:mah, PMID:7693735] |
|
GO:0070360
|
0 |
migration of symbiont within host by polymerization of host actin |
"The directional movement of an organism, usually a bacterial cell, from one place to another within its host organism, by a process involving continuous polymerization of host actin at one pole of the symbiont cell. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070365
|
0 |
hepatocyte differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a hepatocyte. A hepatocyte is specialized epithelial cell that is organized into interconnected plates called lobules, and is the main structural component of the liver." [CL:0000182, PMID:7588884] |
|
GO:0070375
|
0 |
ERK5 cascade |
"An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least ERK5 (also called BMK1; a MAPK), a MEK (a MAPKK) and a MAP3K. The cascade can also contain two additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K and the downstream MAP Kinase-activated kinase (MAPKAPK). The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinases in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell." [GOC:add, GOC:signaling, ISBN:0896039986, PMID:16376520, PMID:16880823, PMID:20811974] |
|
GO:0070384
|
0 |
Harderian gland development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the Harderian gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The Harderian gland is an anterior orbital structure usually associated with the nictitating membrane, and produces and secretes a variety of substances to the eye, depending upon the species." [GOC:hjd, PMID:16856596, PMID:7559104] |
|
GO:0070391
|
0 |
response to lipoteichoic acid |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipoteichoic acid stimulus; lipoteichoic acid is a major component of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a chain of glycerol-phosphate repeating units linked to a glycolipid anchor." [GOC:add, PMID:14665680, PMID:16020688] |
|
GO:0070392
|
0 |
detection of lipoteichoic acid |
"The series of events in which a lipoteichoic acid stimulus is received by a cell and converted into a molecular signal; lipoteichoic acid is a major component of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a chain of glycerol-phosphate repeating units linked to a glycolipid anchor." [GOC:add, PMID:14665680, PMID:16020688] |
|
GO:0070393
|
0 |
teichoic acid catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of teichoic acid, which is a major component of the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a polymer of glycerol-phosphate or ribitol-phosphate to which are attached glycosyl and D-alanyl ester residues." [GOC:add, PMID:14665680] |
|
GO:0070394
|
0 |
lipoteichoic acid metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving lipoteichoic acid, which is a major component of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a chain of glycerol-phosphate repeating units linked to a glycolipid anchor." [GOC:add, PMID:14665680, PMID:16020688] |
|
GO:0070395
|
0 |
lipoteichoic acid biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of lipoteichoic acid, which is a major component of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a chain of glycerol-phosphate repeating units linked to a glycolipid anchor." [GOC:add, PMID:14665680, PMID:16020688] |
|
GO:0070396
|
0 |
lipoteichoic acid catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of lipoteichoic acid, which is a major component of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a chain of glycerol-phosphate repeating units linked to a glycolipid anchor." [GOC:add, PMID:14665680] |
|
GO:0070397
|
0 |
wall teichoic acid metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving wall teichoic acid, which is a major component of the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a polymer of glycerol-phosphate or ribitol-phosphate to which are attached glycosyl and D-alanyl ester residues and which is covalently linked to peptidoglycan." [GOC:add, PMID:14665680, PMID:16020688] |
|
GO:0070398
|
0 |
wall teichoic acid biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of wall teichoic acid, which is a major component of the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a polymer of glycerol-phosphate or ribitol-phosphate to which are attached glycosyl and D-alanyl ester residues and which is covalently linked to peptidoglycan." [GOC:add, PMID:14665680, PMID:16020688] |
|
GO:0070399
|
0 |
wall teichoic acid catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of wall teichoic acid, which is a major component of the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a polymer of glycerol-phosphate or ribitol-phosphate to which are attached glycosyl and D-alanyl ester residues and which is covalently linked to peptidoglycan." [GOC:add, PMID:14665680] |
|
GO:0070400
|
0 |
teichoic acid D-alanylation |
"The formation of a D-alanyl ester of teichoic acid. Alanylation of teichoic acids modulates the properties of the bacterial cell wall and modulates the inflammatory properties of the teichoic acid." [GOC:add, PMID:14665680, PMID:16020688] |
|
GO:0070419
|
0 |
nonhomologous end joining complex |
"A protein complex that plays a role in DNA double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining. Such complexes typically contain a specialized DNA ligase (e.g. Lig4 in eukaryotes) and one or more proteins that bind to DNA ends." [GOC:mah, PMID:17072889, PMID:17938628] |
|
GO:0070449
|
0 |
elongin complex |
"A transcription elongation factor complex that suppresses RNA polymerase II pausing, and may act by promoting proper alignment of the 3'-end of nascent transcripts with the polymerase catalytic site. Consists of a transcriptionally active Elongin A subunit (abut 100 kDa)and two smaller Elongin B (about 18 kDa) and Elongin C (about 15 kDa)subunits." [PMID:12676794] |
|
GO:0070451
|
0 |
cell hair |
"A long, thin cell projection that contains F-actin and tubulin, with microtubules centrally located and F-actin peripherally located." [PMID:11526084] |
|
GO:0070461
|
0 |
SAGA-type complex |
"A histone acetyltransferase complex that acetylates nucleosomal H3 and H2B and is required for the expression of a subset of Pol II-transcribed genes. The budding yeast complex includes the acetyltransferase Gcn5p, several proteins of the Spt and Ada families, and several TBP-associate proteins (TAFs); analogous complexes in other species have analogous compositions, and usually contain homologs of the yeast proteins." [GOC:mah, PMID:10637607, PMID:17337012] |
|
GO:0070546
|
0 |
L-phenylalanine aminotransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group from L-phenylalanine to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070469
|
0 |
respiratory chain |
"The protein complexes that form the electron transport system (the respiratory chain), associated with a cell membrane, usually the plasma membrane (in prokaryotes) or the inner mitochondrial membrane (on eukaryotes). The respiratory chain complexes transfer electrons from an electron donor to an electron acceptor and are associated with a proton pump to create a transmembrane electrochemical gradient." [GOC:ecd, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] |
|
GO:0070471
|
0 |
uterine smooth muscle contraction |
"A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry. This process occurs in the uterus. Force generation involves a chemo-mechanical energy conversion step that is carried out by the actin/myosin complex activity, which generates force through ATP hydrolysis. The uterus is a muscular organ of the female mammal for containing and usually for nourishing the young during development prior to birth." [GOC:sl] |
|
GO:0070477
|
0 |
endospore core |
"An intracellular part that represents the innermost portion of an endospore; the endospore core is dehydrated, enriched in dipicolinic acid and divalent cations, and metabolically inactive." [GOC:mah, PMID:15035041, PMID:18035610] |
|
GO:0070502
|
0 |
capsule poly-gamma-glutamate biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of poly-gamma-glutamate, a polymer of D- and/or L-glutamic acid residues linked by gamma-peptidyl bonds, that forms all or part of a bacterial capsule." [GOC:mah, PMID:16689787] |
|
GO:0070505
|
0 |
pollen coat |
"A layer of extracellular matrix deposited onto the surface of the pollen wall upon disintegration of the tapetal layer of the anther wall in the late stages of pollen development. The composition of this material is highly heterogeneous and includes waxes, lipid droplets, small aromatic molecules, and proteins. The pollen coat is proposed to have many functions, such as holding pollen in the anther until dispersal, facilitation of pollen dispersal, protection of pollen from water loss and UV radiation, and facilitation of adhesion of pollen to the stigma." [GOC:mah, GOC:rph, PMID:12930826, PMID:15012271] |
|
GO:0070529
|
0 |
L-tryptophan aminotransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of an amino group from L-tryptophan to an acceptor, usually a 2-oxo acid." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070531
|
0 |
BRCA1-A complex |
"A protein complex that contains the BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimer, RAP80/UIMC1, BRCC3/BRCC36, BRE/BRCC45, FAM175A/CCDC98/Abraxas and MERIT40/NBA1, and specifically recognizes and binds K63-linked polyubiquitin chains present on histone H2A and H2AX at DNA damage sites." [GOC:mah, PMID:19261749] |
|
GO:0070549
|
0 |
negative regulation of translation involved in RNA interference |
"A process of negative regulation of translation that is mediated by the association of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) with a cognate target mRNA." [GOC:mah, PMID:18771919] |
|
GO:0070552
|
0 |
BRISC complex |
"A protein complex that contains the FAM175B/ABRO1, BRCC3/BRCC36, BRE/BRCC45 and MERIT40/NBA1 proteins, and specifically cleaves K63-linked polyubiquitin chains." [GOC:mah, PMID:19214193] |
|
GO:0070573
|
0 |
metallodipeptidase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a dipeptide by a mechanism in which water acts as a nucleophile, one or two metal ions hold the water molecule in place, and charged amino acid side chains are ligands for the metal ions." [GOC:mah, http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#CATTYPE] |
|
GO:0070580
|
0 |
base J metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving base J (beta-D-glucosyl-hydroxymethyluracil), a hypermodified thymidine residue found in the genome of kinetoplastid parasites. This modified base is localized primarily to repetitive DNA, namely the telomeres, and is implicated in the regulation of antigenic variation. The base is synthesized in a two-step pathway. Initially, a thymidine residue in DNA is hydroxylated by a thymidine hydroxylase (TH) to form the intermediate hydroxymethyluracil, which is then glucosylated to form base J." [PMID:19114062] |
|
GO:0070581
|
0 |
rolling circle DNA replication |
"A DNA-dependent DNA replication process in which a single-stranded DNA molecule is synthesized from a circular duplex template. Replication typically does not cease when one circumference has been replicated, but continues around the circumference several more times, producing a long single strand comprising multimers of the replicon." [GOC:cb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:0070590
|
0 |
spore wall biogenesis |
"A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a spore wall. A spore wall is the specialized cell wall lying outside the cell membrane of a spore." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070591
|
0 |
ascospore wall biogenesis |
"A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of an ascospore wall." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070592
|
2 |
cell wall polysaccharide biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a polysaccharide destined to form part of a cell wall." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070597
|
0 |
cell wall (1->3)-alpha-glucan metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070598
|
0 |
cell wall (1->3)-alpha-glucan biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070599
|
0 |
fungal-type cell wall (1->3)-alpha-glucan metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of ascospores." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070600
|
0 |
fungal-type cell wall (1->3)-alpha-glucan biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds, found in fungal-type cell walls, including those of ascospores." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070607
|
0 |
regulation of cell wall (1->3)-alpha-glucan metabolic process |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070608
|
0 |
regulation of cell wall (1->3)-alpha-glucan biosynthetic process |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070609
|
0 |
regulation of fungal-type cell wall (1->3)-alpha-glucan metabolic process |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-alpha-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of ascospores." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070610
|
0 |
regulation of fungal-type cell wall (1->3)-alpha-glucan biosynthetic process |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-alpha glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-alpha-D-glucosidic bonds, found in fungal-type cell walls, including those of ascospores." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070637
|
0 |
pyridine nucleoside metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving any pyridine nucleoside, a nucleoside in which a pyridine base covalently bonded to a sugar, usually ribose." [CHEBI:47896, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070638
|
0 |
pyridine nucleoside catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of any pyridine nucleoside, a nucleoside in which a pyridine base covalently bonded to a sugar, usually ribose." [CHEBI:47896, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070645
|
0 |
Ubisch body |
"A small, granular structure that is found in the extracellular matrix of cell of the secretory tapetal layer that surrounds developing pollen grains. Ubisch bodies have a sporopollenin coat, are attached to the peritapetal wall, and may play a role in pollen development." [GOC:ecd, GOC:mah, PMID:14612572, PMID:16524248] |
|
GO:0070646
|
53 |
protein modification by small protein removal |
"A protein modification process in which one or more covalently attached groups of a small protein, such as ubiquitin or a ubiquitin-like protein, are removed from a target protein." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070647
|
252 |
protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal |
"A protein modification process in which one or more groups of a small protein, such as ubiquitin or a ubiquitin-like protein, are covalently attached to or removed from a target protein." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070651
|
0 |
nonfunctional rRNA decay |
"An rRNA catabolic process that results in the targeted detection and degradation of aberrant rRNAs contained within translationally defective ribosomes, thereby acting as a quality-control system." [GOC:mah, GOC:rn, PMID:17188037, PMID:19390089] |
|
GO:0070684
|
0 |
seminal clot liquefaction |
"The reproductive process in which coagulated semen becomes liquid following ejaculation, allowing the progressive release of motile spermatozoa." [GOC:mah, PMID:18482984] |
|
GO:0070691
|
0 |
dimeric positive transcription elongation factor complex b |
"A positive transcription elongation factor complex b that comprises two subunits; an example is the budding yeast complex containing Svg1p (also called Bur1p) and Bur2p." [GOC:mah, PMID:16721054, PMID:19328067] |
|
GO:0070726
|
0 |
cell wall assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a cell wall. A cell wall is a rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal, and most prokaryotic cells." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070732
|
0 |
spindle envelope |
"An organelle envelope that surrounds the chromosomes and the central part of the spindle apparatus during mitosis and meiosis; observed in many invertebrates. The spindle envelope consists of membrane layers, called parafusorial membranes, derived from endoplasmic reticulum membrane; in male meiosis it forms during prometaphase and persists until early in the ensuing interphase." [GOC:mah, GOC:sart, PMID:19417004, PMID:6428889] |
|
GO:0070761
|
0 |
pre-snoRNP complex |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains a precursor small nucleolar RNA (pre-snoRNA) and associated proteins, and forms during small nucleolar ribonucleoprotein complex (snoRNP) assembly. Pre-snoRNP complexes may contain proteins not found in the corresponding mature snoRNP complexes." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:rl, PMID:17636026, PMID:17709390] |
|
GO:0070787
|
0 |
conidiophore development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the conidiophore over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The conidiophore is a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and bears conidia, or asexual spores." [PMID:9529886] |
|
GO:0070788
|
0 |
conidiophore stalk development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the conidiophore stalk over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The conidiophore stalk is part of a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and supports structures from which conidia, or asexual spores, develop." [PMID:9529886] |
|
GO:0070793
|
0 |
regulation of conidiophore development |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of conidiophore development, a process that leads to the formation of a conidiophore. The conidiophore is a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and bears conidia, or asexual spores." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070794
|
0 |
negative regulation of conidiophore development |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of conidiophore development, a process that leads to the formation of a conidiophore. The conidiophore is a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and bears conidia, or asexual spores." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070795
|
0 |
positive regulation of conidiophore development |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of conidiophore development, a process that leads to the formation of a conidiophore. The conidiophore is a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and bears conidia, or asexual spores." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070799
|
0 |
regulation of conidiophore stalk development |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of conidiophore stalk development, a process that leads to the formation of a conidiophore stalk. The conidiophore stalk is part of a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and supports structures from which conidia, or asexual spores, develop." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070800
|
0 |
negative regulation of conidiophore stalk development |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of conidiophore stalk development, a process that leads to the formation of a conidiophore stalk. The conidiophore stalk is part of a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and supports structures from which conidia, or asexual spores, develop." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070801
|
0 |
positive regulation of conidiophore stalk development |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of conidiophore stalk development, a process that leads to the formation of a conidiophore stalk. The conidiophore stalk is part of a specialized hypha that extends aerially from the growth substrate and supports structures from which conidia, or asexual spores, develop." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070816
|
8 |
phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain |
"The process of introducing a phosphate group on to an amino acid residue in the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II. Typically, this occurs during the transcription cycle and results in production of an RNA polymerase II enzyme where the carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit is extensively phosphorylated, often referred to as hyperphosphorylated or the II(0) form. Specific types of phosphorylation within the CTD are usually associated with specific regions of genes, though there are exceptions. The phosphorylation state regulates the association of specific complexes such as the capping enzyme or 3'-RNA processing machinery to the elongating RNA polymerase complex." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:17079683] |
|
GO:0070824
|
0 |
SHREC complex |
"A histone deacetylase complex that contains a core of four proteins -- Clr1, Clr2, Clr3, and Mit1 in fission yeast -- and localizes to all heterochromatic regions in the genome as well as some euchromatic sites. The complex is involved in regulating nucleosome positioning to assemble higher-order chromatin structures." [GOC:mah, PMID:17289569] |
|
GO:0070825
|
0 |
micropyle |
"An external encapsulating structure part of the chorion. A single cone-shaped specialization that forms an opening in the chorion that allows sperm entry into the egg prior to fertilization." [GOC:cvs, GOC:mah, PMID:18649270] |
|
GO:0070836
|
2 |
caveola assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a caveola. A caveola is a plasma membrane raft that forms a small pit, depression, or invagination that communicates with the outside of a cell and extends inward, indenting the cytoplasm and the cell membrane." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:vk, PMID:12633858] |
|
GO:0070871
|
0 |
cell wall organization involved in conjugation with cellular fusion |
"A process of cell wall organization that contributes to conjugation with cellular fusion." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070877
|
0 |
microprocessor complex |
"A protein complex that binds to heme and to pri-miRNAs, and is required for the formation of a pre-microRNA (pre-miRNA), the initial step of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis. The complex is composed of the double-stranded-RNA-specific RNase Drosha (also called RNASEN) and the RNA-binding protein DGCR8 (heme-free or heme-bound forms). Within the complex, DGCR8 function as a molecular anchor necessary for the recognition of pri-miRNA at dsRNA-ssRNA junction and directs RNASEN/Drosha to cleave the 3' and 5' strands of a stem-loop to release hairpin-shaped pre-miRNAs." [PMID:16963499, PMID:17159994] |
|
GO:0070878
|
0 |
primary miRNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a primary microRNA (pri-miRNA) transcript, an RNA molecule that is processed into a short hairpin-shaped structure called a pre-miRNA and finally into a functional miRNA. Both double-stranded and single-stranded regions of a pri-miRNA are required for binding." [GOC:sl, PMID:15531877, PMID:15574589] |
|
GO:0070879
|
0 |
fungal-type cell wall beta-glucan metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of fungal cells." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0070880
|
0 |
fungal-type cell wall beta-glucan biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of fungal cells." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070899
|
1 |
mitochondrial tRNA wobble uridine modification |
"The process in which a uridine in position 34 of a mitochondrial tRNA is post-transcriptionally modified." [GOC:mah, GOC:mcc] |
|
GO:0070900
|
2 |
mitochondrial tRNA modification |
"The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within a mitochondrial tRNA molecule to produce a mitochondrial tRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:mah, GOC:mcc] |
|
GO:0070910
|
0 |
cell wall macromolecule catabolic process involved in cell wall disassembly |
"The chemical reactions and pathways that result in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall, and contributes to the breakdown of the cell wall." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070911
|
0 |
global genome nucleotide-excision repair |
"The nucleotide-excision repair process in which DNA lesions are removed from nontranscribed strands and from transcriptionally silent regions over the entire genome." [PMID:10197977, PMID:18794354] |
|
GO:0070912
|
0 |
Ddb1-Ckn1 complex |
"A heterodimeric nucleotide-excision repair complex that is involved in transcription-coupled repair. The subunits are known as Ddb1 and Ckn1 in S. pombe; Ddb1 contains a motif called the DDB-box that interacts with adaptor proteins for DDB1/cullin 4 ubiquitin ligases." [PMID:18794354] |
|
GO:0070913
|
0 |
Ddb1-Wdr21 complex |
"A heterodimeric nucleotide-excision repair complex that is involved in transcription-coupled repair. The subunits are known as Ddb1 and Wdr21 in S. pombe; Ddb1 contains a motif called the DDB-box that interacts with adaptor proteins for DDB1/cullin 4 ubiquitin ligases." [PMID:18794354] |
|
GO:0070918
|
19 |
production of small RNA involved in gene silencing by RNA |
"The process in which a double-stranded RNA precursor is processed into short (20-30 nt) fragments. RNA cleavage is catalyzed by a Dicer endonuclease." [GOC:mah, PMID:19239886] |
|
GO:0070919
|
0 |
production of siRNA involved in chromatin silencing by small RNA |
"Cleavage of double-stranded RNA to form small interfering RNA molecules (siRNAs) of 21-23 nucleotides, in the context of chromatin silencing by small RNA." [GOC:mah, PMID:19239886] |
|
GO:0070920
|
2 |
regulation of production of small RNA involved in gene silencing by RNA |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the production of small RNA involved in gene silencing by RNA." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070921
|
0 |
regulation of production of siRNA involved in chromatin silencing by small RNA |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the production of siRNA, the cleavage of double-stranded RNA to form small interfering RNA molecules (siRNAs) of 21-23 nucleotides, in the context of chromatin silencing by small RNA." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070922
|
2 |
small RNA loading onto RISC |
"The process in which a single-stranded small RNA associates with the RNA-initiated silencing complex (RISC); occurs as part of a process of gene silencing by small RNA." [GOC:mah, PMID:19239886] |
|
GO:0070923
|
0 |
siRNA loading onto RISC involved in chromatin silencing by small RNA |
"The process in which a single-stranded small RNA associates with the RNA-initiated silencing complex (RISC); occurs as part of a process of chromatin silencing by small RNA." [GOC:mah, PMID:19239886] |
|
GO:0070924
|
0 |
heterochromatin assembly involved in chromatin silencing by small RNA |
"The process in which an siRNA-associated RNA-induced silencing complex (siRISC) associates with nascent transcripts and RNA polymerase to induce the formation of heterochromatin." [GOC:mah, PMID:19239886] |
|
GO:0070928
|
0 |
regulation of mRNA stability, ncRNA-mediated |
"Any process, mediated by small non-coding RNAs, that modulates the propensity of mRNA molecules to degradation. Includes processes that both stabilize and destabilize mRNAs." [GOC:jh2] |
|
GO:0070929
|
0 |
trans-translation |
"A translational elongation process in which transfer of a translating ribosome from one mRNA to another RNA template takes place. Trans-translation occurs during tmRNA release of stalled ribosomes." [GOC:jh2, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070930
|
0 |
trans-translation-dependent protein tagging |
"A protein modification process in which a polypeptide is added to a nascent polypeptide cotranslationally by trans-translation." [GOC:jh2, GOC:jsg, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0070934
|
0 |
CRD-mediated mRNA stabilization |
"An mRNA stabilization process in which one or more RNA-binding proteins associate with a sequence in the open reading frame called the coding region instability determinant (CRD)." [GOC:mah, PMID:19029303] |
|
GO:0070966
|
1 |
nuclear-transcribed mRNA catabolic process, no-go decay |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of the transcript body of a nuclear-transcribed mRNA with stalls in translation elongation." [GOC:jp, PMID:16554824] |
|
GO:0070990
|
0 |
snRNP binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any part of a small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:rl] |
|
GO:0070993
|
0 |
translation preinitiation complex |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains the small ribosomal subunit, a translation initiation ternary complex (i.e. an initiator tRNA, GTP, and an IF2 or eIF2 complex), and an mRNA." [GOC:hjd, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071001
|
0 |
U4/U6 snRNP |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains base-paired U4 and U6 small nuclear RNAs." [GOC:mah, PMID:14685174] |
|
GO:0071002
|
0 |
U4atac/U6atac snRNP |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains base-paired U4atac and U6atac small nuclear RNAs." [GOC:mah, PMID:14685174] |
|
GO:0071003
|
0 |
penta-snRNP complex |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex formed by the association of the U1, U2, U4/U6 and U5 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins." [GOC:mah, PMID:11804584, PMID:12724403] |
|
GO:0071005
|
0 |
U2-type precatalytic spliceosome |
"A spliceosomal complex that is formed by the recruitment of the preassembled U4/U6.U5 tri-snRNP to the prespliceosome. Although all 5 snRNPs are present, the precatalytic spliceosome is catalytically inactive. The precatalytic spliceosome includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U1, U2 and U4/U6.U5 snRNPs." [GOC:ab, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:18322460, PMID:19239890] |
|
GO:0071006
|
0 |
U2-type catalytic step 1 spliceosome |
"A spliceosomal complex that is formed by the displacement of the U1 and U4 snRNPs from the precatalytic spliceosome; the U2, U5 and U6 snRNPs remain associated with the mRNA. This complex, sometimes called the activated spliceosome, is the catalytically active form of the spliceosome, and includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U2, and U5 and U6 snRNPs." [GOC:ab, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897, ISBN:0879697393, PMID:18322460, PMID:19239890] |
|
GO:0071009
|
0 |
U4atac/U6atac x U5 tri-snRNP complex |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex formed by the association of the U4atac/U6atac and U5 small nuclear ribonucleoproteins." [GOC:krc, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, PMID:16201866] |
|
GO:0071011
|
0 |
precatalytic spliceosome |
"A spliceosomal complex that is formed by the recruitment of a preassembled U5-containing tri-snRNP to the prespliceosome. Although all 5 snRNPs are present, the precatalytic spliceosome is catalytically inactive. The precatalytic spliceosome includes many proteins in addition to those found in the associated snRNPs." [GOC:ab, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:18322460, PMID:19239890] |
|
GO:0071012
|
0 |
catalytic step 1 spliceosome |
"A spliceosomal complex that is formed by the displacement of the two snRNPs from the precatalytic spliceosome; three snRNPs including U5 remain associated with the mRNA. This complex, sometimes called the activated spliceosome, is the catalytically active form of the spliceosome, and includes many proteins in addition to those found in the associated snRNPs." [GOC:ab, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:18322460, PMID:19239890] |
|
GO:0071016
|
0 |
U12-type precatalytic spliceosome |
"A spliceosomal complex that is formed by the recruitment of the preassembled U4atac/U6atac.U5 tri-snRNP to the U12-type prespliceosome. Although all 5 snRNPs are present, the precatalytic spliceosome is catalytically inactive. The precatalytic spliceosome includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U11, U12 and U4atac/U6atac.U5 snRNPs." [GOC:ab, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, PMID:16201866] |
|
GO:0071017
|
0 |
U12-type catalytic step 1 spliceosome |
"A spliceosomal complex that is formed by the displacement of the U11 and U4atac snRNPs from the precatalytic spliceosome; the U12, U5 and U6atac snRNPs remain associated with the mRNA. This complex, sometimes called the activated spliceosome, is the catalytically active form of the spliceosome, and includes many proteins in addition to those found in the U12, and U5 and U6atac snRNPs." [GOC:ab, GOC:krc, GOC:mah, ISBN:0879695897, ISBN:0879697393, PMID:16201866] |
|
GO:0071036
|
0 |
nuclear polyadenylation-dependent snoRNA catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways occurring in the nucleus and resulting in the breakdown of a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) molecule, initiated by the enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues (polyadenylation) at the 3' end the target snoRNA." [GOC:dgf, GOC:krc, PMID:15935758] |
|
GO:0071037
|
0 |
nuclear polyadenylation-dependent snRNA catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways occurring in the nucleus and resulting in the breakdown of a small nuclear RNA (snRNA) molecule, initiated by the enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues (polyadenylation) at the 3' end the target snRNA." [GOC:dgf, GOC:krc] |
|
GO:0071050
|
0 |
snoRNA polyadenylation |
"The enzymatic addition of a sequence of adenylyl residues at the 3' end of snoRNA molecule. In eukaryotes, this occurs in conjunction with termination of transcription of precursor snoRNA molecules and may occur post-transcriptionally on incorrectly processed molecules targeted for degradation." [GOC:dgf, GOC:krc, PMID:18951092] |
|
GO:0071052
|
0 |
alpha9-beta1 integrin-ADAM1 complex |
"A protein complex that consists of an alpha9-beta1 integrin complex bound to the transmembrane metallopeptidase ADAM1." [PMID:11882657] |
|
GO:0071053
|
0 |
alpha9-beta1 integrin-ADAM2 complex |
"A protein complex that consists of an alpha9-beta1 integrin complex bound to the transmembrane metallopeptidase ADAM2." [PMID:11882657] |
|
GO:0071054
|
0 |
alpha9-beta1 integrin-ADAM3 complex |
"A protein complex that consists of an alpha9-beta1 integrin complex bound to the transmembrane metallopeptidase ADAM3." [PMID:11882657] |
|
GO:0071055
|
0 |
alpha9-beta1 integrin-ADAM9 complex |
"A protein complex that consists of an alpha9-beta1 integrin complex bound to the transmembrane metallopeptidase ADAM9." [PMID:11882657] |
|
GO:0071056
|
0 |
alpha9-beta1 integrin-ADAM15 complex |
"A protein complex that consists of an alpha9-beta1 integrin complex bound to the transmembrane metallopeptidase ADAM15." [PMID:11882657] |
|
GO:0071057
|
0 |
alphav-beta3 integrin-ADAM15 complex |
"A protein complex that consists of an alphav-beta3 integrin complex bound to the transmembrane metallopeptidase ADAM15." [PMID:10944520, PMID:11882657] |
|
GO:0071067
|
0 |
alphav-beta3 integrin-ADAM23 complex |
"A protein complex that consists of an alphav-beta3 integrin complex bound to the transmembrane metallopeptidase ADAM23." [PMID:10749942] |
|
GO:0071068
|
0 |
alpha9-beta1 integrin-ADAM12 complex |
"A protein complex that consists of an alpha9-beta1 integrin complex bound to the transmembrane metallopeptidase ADAM12." [PMID:10944520] |
|
GO:0071100
|
0 |
alphaV-beta8 integrin-MMP14-TGFbeta-1 complex |
"A protein complex that consists of an alphaV-beta8 integrin complex bound to matrix metalloproteinase 14 and transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFbeta-1)." [PMID:11970960] |
|
GO:0071133
|
0 |
alpha9-beta1 integrin-ADAM8 complex |
"A protein complex that consists of an alpha9-beta1 integrin complex bound to the transmembrane metallopeptidase ADAM8." [PMID:16995821] |
|
GO:0071147
|
0 |
TEAD-2 multiprotein complex |
"A protein complex that consists of the DNA binding protein TEAD-2 bound to 12 other polypeptides including the transcriptional coactivator YAP, the multi-PDZ domain protein MPDZ (also called MUPP1), a 14-3-3 domain protein, and others." [CORUM:2870, GOC:mah, PMID:11358867] |
|
GO:0071159
|
0 |
NF-kappaB complex |
"A protein complex that consists of a homo- or heterodimer of members of a family of structurally related proteins that contain a conserved N-terminal region called the Rel homology domain (RHD). In the nucleus, NF-kappaB complexes act as transcription factors. In unstimulated cells, NF-kappaB dimers are sequestered in the cytoplasm by IkappaB monomers; signals that induce NF-kappaB activity cause degradation of IkappaB, allowing NF-kappaB dimers to translocate to the nucleus and induce gene expression." [ISBN:0849327946] |
|
GO:0071209
|
0 |
U7 snRNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the U7 small nuclear RNA (U7 snRNA)." [GOC:mah, PMID:12975319] |
|
GO:0071210
|
0 |
protein insertion into membrane raft |
"The process in which a protein is incorporated into a membrane raft. Membrane rafts are small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071222
|
0 |
cellular response to lipopolysaccharide |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipopolysaccharide stimulus; lipopolysaccharide is a major component of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071223
|
0 |
cellular response to lipoteichoic acid |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a lipoteichoic acid stimulus; lipoteichoic acid is a major component of the cell wall of gram-positive bacteria and typically consists of a chain of glycerol-phosphate repeating units linked to a glycolipid anchor." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071224
|
0 |
cellular response to peptidoglycan |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptidoglycan stimulus. Peptidoglycan is a bacterial cell wall macromolecule." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071237
|
0 |
cellular response to bacteriocin |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a bacteriocin stimulus. A bacteriocin is a protein substance released by certain bacteria that kills but does not lyse closely related strains of bacteria. Specific bacteriocins attach to specific receptors on cell walls and induce specific metabolic block, e.g. cessation of nucleic acid or protein synthesis of oxidative phosphorylation." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071254
|
0 |
cytoplasmic U snRNP body |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex that can be visualized as a focus in the cytoplasm, and contains uridine-rich small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (U snRNPs) and essential snRNP assembly factors. These U bodies are invariably found in association with P bodies." [GOC:sart, PMID:17595295] |
|
GO:0071312
|
0 |
cellular response to alkaloid |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an alkaloid stimulus. Alkaloids are a large group of nitrogenous substances found in naturally in plants, many of which have extracts that are pharmacologically active." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071314
|
0 |
cellular response to cocaine |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cocaine stimulus. Cocaine is a crystalline alkaloid obtained from the leaves of the coca plant." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071388
|
0 |
cellular response to cortisone stimulus |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cortisone stimulus. Cortisone is a natural glucocorticoid steroid hormone that is metabolically convertible to cortisol. Cortisone is synthesized from cholesterol in the cortex of the adrenal gland under the stimulation of adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH). The main physiological effect of cortisone is on carbohydrate metabolism; it can stimulate increased glucose release from the liver, increased liver glycogen synthesis, and decreased utilization of glucose by the tissues." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071410
|
0 |
cellular response to cyclopentenone |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cyclopentenone stimulus. Cyclopentenones are oxylipins derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids. They are structurally similar to jasmonic acid, but contain a reactive unsaturated carbonyl structure in the cyclo-ring. Cyclopentenones include phytoprostanes and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071416
|
0 |
cellular response to tropane |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a tropane stimulus. Tropane is a nitrogenous bicyclic organic compound mainly known for a group of alkaloids derived from it (called tropane alkaloids), which include, among others, atropine and cocaine." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071417
|
29 |
cellular response to organonitrogen compound |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organonitrogen stimulus. An organonitrogen compound is formally a compound containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond." [CHEBI:35352, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071418
|
0 |
cellular response to amine stimulus |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an amine stimulus. An amine is a compound formally derived from ammonia by replacing one, two or three hydrogen atoms by hydrocarbyl groups." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071425
|
0 |
hematopoietic stem cell proliferation |
"The expansion of a hematopoietic stem cell population by cell division. A hematopoietic stem cell is a stem cell from which all cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineages develop." [CL:0000037, GOC:add, GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:rl] |
|
GO:0071429
|
0 |
snRNA-containing ribonucleoprotein complex export from nucleus |
"The directed movement of a ribonucleoprotein complex that contains small nuclear RNA from the nucleus to the cytoplasm." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071433
|
0 |
cell wall repair |
"A process of cell wall organization that results in the restoration of the cell wall following damage." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0071439
|
0 |
clathrin complex |
"A protein complex that consists of three clathrin heavy chains and three clathrin light chains, organized into a symmetrical three-legged structure called a triskelion. In clathrin-coated vesicles clathrin is the main component of the coat and forms a polymeric mechanical scaffold on the vesicle surface." [GOC:mah, PMID:16493411] |
|
GO:0071480
|
3 |
cellular response to gamma radiation |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a gamma radiation stimulus. Gamma radiation is a form of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) or light emission of a specific frequency produced from sub-atomic particle interaction, such as electron-positron annihilation and radioactive decay. Gamma rays are generally characterized as EMR having the highest frequency and energy, and also the shortest wavelength, within the electromagnetic radiation spectrum." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071499
|
0 |
cellular response to laminar fluid shear stress |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a laminar fluid shear stress stimulus. Laminar fluid flow is the force acting on an object in a system where the fluid is moving across a solid surface in parallel layers." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071514
|
1 |
genetic imprinting |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules by a mechanism that is mediated by DNA, is mitotically or meiotically heritable, or is stably self-propagated in the cytoplasm of a resting cell, and does not entail a change in DNA sequence." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0071521
|
0 |
Cdc42 GTPase complex |
"A protein complex formed by the association of the small GTPase Cdc42 with additional proteins. In Schizosaccharomyces the complex contains the Cdc42, Ras1, Scd1, Scd2, andShk1 proteins, and functions in the Ras1-Scd GTPase signalling pathway." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:10567532, PMID:7923372, PMID:8943016] |
|
GO:0071554
|
11 |
cell wall organization or biogenesis |
"A process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cell wall." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071555
|
0 |
cell wall organization |
"A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the cell wall, the rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal and most prokaryotic cells, maintaining their shape and protecting them from osmotic lysis." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071566
|
0 |
UFM1 activating enzyme activity |
"Catalysis of the activation of the small ubiquitin-related modifier UFM1, through the formation of an ATP-dependent high-energy thiolester bond." [GOC:sp, PMID:20018847] |
|
GO:0071567
|
0 |
UFM1 hydrolase activity |
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of UFM1, a small ubiquitin-related modifier, from previously modified substrates." [GOC:sp, PMID:20018847] |
|
GO:0071589
|
0 |
pyridine nucleoside biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of any pyridine nucleoside, one of a family of organic molecules consisting of a pyridine base covalently bonded to a sugar, usually ribose." [CHEBI:47896, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071598
|
0 |
neuronal ribonucleoprotein granule |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex that is found in the cytoplasm of axons and dendrites, and transports translationally silenced mRNAs to dendritic synapses, where they are released and translated in response to specific exogenous stimuli." [GOC:BHF, GOC:go_curators, GOC:mah, PMID:19015237, PMID:20368989] |
|
GO:0071601
|
0 |
sphere organelle |
"A nuclear body that is found in the germinal vesicles of amphibian oocytes, and consist of three major parts: a remarkably spherical body about 5-10 pm in diameter, smaller spherical or nearly spherical granules on the surface, and inclusions of various sizes that strongly resemble the surface granules. The parts of the sphere organelle have distinct compositions, including splicing snRNAs and proteins." [PMID:7758244, PMID:8349728] |
|
GO:0071619
|
0 |
phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain serine 2 residues |
"The process of introducing a phosphate group onto a serine residue at position 2 within the heptapeptide repeat (YSPTSPS) of the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II. Typically, phosphorylation of serine 2 (Ser2) occurs subsequent to phosphorylation of serine 5 and is thus seen in the middle and 3' ends of genes. In vivo, Ser2 phosphorylation is primarily performed by CTDK-I in S. cerevisiae or CDK9 in metazoans." [GOC:krc, PMID:17079683] |
|
GO:0071620
|
0 |
phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain serine 5 residues |
"The process of introducing a phosphate group onto a serine residue at position 5 within the heptapeptide repeat (YSPTSPS) of the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II. Typically, phosphorylation of serine 5 (Ser5) occurs near the 5' ends of genes. It is generally still observed in the middle of genes, overlapping with phosphorylation of serine 2, but is generally not present at the 3' ends of genes. In vivo, Ser5 phosphorylation occurs primarily through the action of TFIIH (KIN28 in S. cerevisiae, CKD7 in metazoans)." [GOC:krc, PMID:17079683] |
|
GO:0071626
|
0 |
mastication |
"The process of biting and mashing food with the teeth prior to swallowing." [GOC:gvg] |
|
GO:0071632
|
0 |
optomotor response |
"Eye, head or whole body movements that help to compensate movements of the environment in order to stabilize its image on the retina. In the case of whole body movements, these motor actions may also stabilize a locomotor course in response to some disturbance. Examples include: the optokinetic reflex, which allows human eyes to follow objects in motion while the head remains stationary reflex; the optomotor responses of flying insects and swimming fish." [GOC:dos, PMID:12726833, PMID:2469195] |
|
GO:0071668
|
0 |
plant-type cell wall assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a cellulose- and pectin-containing cell wall." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071669
|
0 |
plant-type cell wall organization or biogenesis |
"A process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellulose- and pectin-containing cell wall." [GOC:ecd, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071715
|
0 |
icosanoid transport |
"The directed movement of icosanoids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Icosanoids are unsaturated C20 fatty acids and skeletally related compounds." [CHEBI:23899, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071717
|
0 |
thromboxane transport |
"The directed movement of thromboxanes into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A thromboxane is any of a class of oxygenated oxane derivatives, originally derived from prostaglandin precursors in platelets, that stimulate aggregation of platelets and constriction of blood vessels." [CHEBI:26995, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071718
|
0 |
sodium-independent icosanoid transport |
"The directed, sodium-independent, movement of icosanoids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Icosanoids are unsaturated C20 fatty acids and skeletally related compounds." [CHEBI:23899, GOC:mah, GOC:sl] |
|
GO:0071721
|
0 |
sodium-independent thromboxane transport |
"The directed, sodium-independent, movement of thromboxanes into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. A thromboxane is any of a class of oxygenated oxane derivatives, originally derived from prostaglandin precursors in platelets, that stimulate aggregation of platelets and constriction of blood vessels." [CHEBI:26995, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071749
|
0 |
polymeric IgA immunoglobulin complex |
"A protein complex composed of two, three, or four monomeric IgA immunoglobulin complexes linked through both direct disulfide bonds and through disulfide binded monomers of J chain acting as a bridge. Each IgA monomer consists of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of an IgA isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. Dimeric IgA is sometimes complexed additionally with secretory component, and present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781765196, PMID:16362985] |
|
GO:0071750
|
0 |
dimeric IgA immunoglobulin complex |
"A protein complex composed of two monomeric IgA immunoglobulin complexes linked through both direct disulfide bonds and through a disulfide binded monomer of J chain acting as a bridge. Each IgA monomer consists of two identical immunoglobulin heavy chains of an IgA isotype and two identical immunoglobulin light chains, held together by disulfide bonds. Dimeric IgA is sometimes complexed additionally with secretory component, and present in the extracellular space, in mucosal areas or other tissues, or circulating in the blood or lymph." [GOC:add, ISBN:0781765196, PMID:16362985] |
|
GO:0071766
|
0 |
Actinobacterium-type cell wall biogenesis |
"A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a cell wall of the type found in Actinobacteria. The cell wall is the rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane. Actinobacterial cell walls contain characteristic mycolic acids, of which some are covalently linked to the cell wall peptidoglycan and others accumulate at the cell surface." [GOC:mah, PMID:15653820, PMID:3149973] |
|
GO:0071769
|
0 |
mycolate cell wall layer assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components, including arabinogalactan mycolate and trehalose dimycolate, to form the mycolate layer of the Actinobacterium-type cell wall. The mycolate layer is physically attached to the peptidoglycan layer." [GOC:mah, MetaCyc:PWY-6397, PMID:15653820, PMID:3149973] |
|
GO:0071770
|
0 |
DIM/DIP cell wall layer assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components, including (phenyl)phthiocerol, phthiodiolone, phthiotriol dimycocerosate and diphthioceranate, to form the DIM/DIP layer of the Actinobacterium-type cell wall." [GOC:mah, PMID:15653820, PMID:3149973] |
|
GO:0071781
|
0 |
endoplasmic reticulum cisternal network |
"A subcompartment of the endoplasmic reticulum consisting of flattened, disc-shaped domains known as cisternae. These are typically found close to the nucleus and are generally more prominent in secretory cells." [GOC:vw, PMID:16469703, PMID:20434336] |
|
GO:0071792
|
0 |
bacillithiol metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving bacillithiol, the alpha-anomeric glycoside of L-cysteinyl-D-glucosamine with L-malic acid. Bacillithiol, produced widely in the Firmicutes and sporadically in other bacterial lineages, is a low-molecular-weight thiol analogous to mycothiol in the Actinomycetes and glutathione in many species." [GOC:dh, PMID:20308541] |
|
GO:0071793
|
0 |
bacillithiol biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of bacillithiol, the alpha-anomeric glycoside of L-cysteinyl-D-glucosamine with L-malic acid. Bacillithiol, produced widely in the Firmicutes and sporadically in other bacterial lineages, is a low-molecular-weight thiol analogous to mycothiol in the Actinomycetes and glutathione in many species." [GOC:dh, PMID:20308541] |
|
GO:0071813
|
0 |
lipoprotein particle binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a lipoprotein particle. A lipoprotein particle, also known as a lipoprotein, is a clathrate complex consisting of a lipid enwrapped in a protein host without covalent binding in such a way that the complex has a hydrophilic outer surface consisting of all the protein and the polar ends of any phospholipids." [CHEBI:6495, GOC:BHF, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071815
|
0 |
intermediate-density lipoprotein particle binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a intermediate-density lipoprotein particle, a triglyceride-rich lipoprotein particle that typically contains APOB100, APOE and APOCs and has a density of 1.006-1.019 g/ml and a diameter of between 25-30 nm." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071820
|
0 |
N-box binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an N-box, a DNA motif with the consensus sequence CACNAG that is found in the promoters of genes expressed preferentially at synapses." [GOC:yaf, PMID:11498047] |
|
GO:0071832
|
0 |
peptide pheromone export involved in conjugation |
"The directed movement of a peptide pheromone out of a cell by a secretion or export pathway used solely for the export of peptide pheromones that contributes to the union or introduction of genetic information from compatible mating types that results in a genetically different individual. Conjugation requires direct cellular contact between the organisms." [GOC:elh, GOC:jh, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071835
|
0 |
mating pheromone secretion involved in conjugation |
"The regulated release of a mating pheromone, a peptide hormone that induces a behavioral or physiological response(s) from a responding organism or cell, that contributes to the union or introduction of genetic information from compatible mating types that results in a genetically different individual. Conjugation requires direct cellular contact between the organisms." [GOC:elh, GOC:jh, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071837
|
0 |
HMG box domain binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an HMG box domain, a protein domain that consists of three helices in an irregular array. HMG-box domains are found in one or more copies in HMG-box proteins, which form a large, diverse family involved in the regulation of DNA-dependent processes such as transcription, replication, and strand repair, all of which require the bending and unwinding of chromatin." [GOC:yaf, InterPro:IPR009071, PMID:18445004] |
|
GO:0071846
|
0 |
actin filament debranching |
"An actin filament severing process that results in the removal of actin filament branches specifically at the branch points." [GOC:jh, GOC:mah, PMID:20362448] |
|
GO:0071852
|
0 |
fungal-type cell wall organization or biogenesis |
"A process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a fungal-type cell wall." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071853
|
0 |
fungal-type cell wall disassembly |
"A cellular process that results in the breakdown of a fungal-type cell wall." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071854
|
0 |
cell wall macromolecule catabolic process involved in fungal-type cell wall disassembly |
"The chemical reactions and pathways that result in the breakdown of macromolecules that form part of a cell wall, and contributes to the breakdown of the fungal-type cell wall." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071885
|
0 |
N-terminal protein N-methyltransferase activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine (AdoMet) to the alpha-amino group of the N-terminal amino or imino acid residue of a protein substrate. For example, yeast Tae1p and mammalian family member METTL11A preferentially modify the N-terminal residue of substrates with the N-terminal sequence X-Pro-Lys, where X can be Pro, Ala, or Ser." [PMID:20481588] |
|
GO:0071889
|
0 |
14-3-3 protein binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 14-3-3 protein. A 14-3-3 protein is any of a large family of approximately 30kDa acidic proteins which exist primarily as homo- and heterodimers within all eukaryotic cells, and have been implicated in the modulation of distinct biological processes by binding to specific phosphorylated sites on diverse target proteins, thereby forcing conformational changes or influencing interactions between their targets and other molecules. Each 14-3-3 protein sequence can be roughly divided into three sections: a divergent amino terminus, the conserved core region and a divergent carboxyl terminus. The conserved middle core region of the 14-3-3s encodes an amphipathic groove that forms the main functional domain, a cradle for interacting with client proteins." [GOC:cna, GOC:mah, InterPro:IPR000308, PMID:15167810, PMID:19575580, PR:000003237] |
|
GO:0071913
|
0 |
citrate secondary active transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of citrate from one side of a membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_transport, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0071919
|
0 |
G-quadruplex DNA formation |
"A DNA metabolic process that results in the formation of G-quadruplex DNA structures, in which groups of four guanines adopt a flat, cyclic Hoogsteen hydrogen-bonding arrangement known as a guanine tetrad or G-quartet. The stacking of several layers of G-quartets forms G-quadruplexes, in which one or more DNA single strands are assembled in parallel and/or antiparallel, with interactions that can be either intra- or intermolecular in nature." [GOC:sre, PMID:20098422] |
|
GO:0071926
|
0 |
endocannabinoid signaling pathway |
"The series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of an endocannabinoid binding to a cell surface receptor. The pathway proceeds with the receptor transmitting the signal to a heterotrimeric G-protein complex and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Endocannabinoids are small molecules derived from arachidonic acid, anandamide (arachidonoylethanolamide) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, PMID:15550444] |
|
GO:0071934
|
0 |
thiamine transmembrane transport |
"The directed movement of thiamine across a membrane into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Thiamine is vitamin B1, a water soluble vitamin present in fresh vegetables and meats, especially liver." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071940
|
0 |
fungal-type cell wall assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a fungal-type cell wall." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:19646873] |
|
GO:0071966
|
0 |
fungal-type cell wall polysaccharide metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving the polysaccharides which make up the fungal-type cell wall." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071969
|
0 |
fungal-type cell wall (1->3)-beta-D-glucan metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of ascospores." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071970
|
0 |
fungal-type cell wall (1->3)-beta-D-glucan biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of ascospores." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071981
|
9 |
exit from diapause |
"The dormancy process that results in exit from diapause. Diapause is a neurohormonally mediated, dynamic state of low metabolic activity. Associated characteristics of this form of dormancy include reduced morphogenesis, increased resistance to environmental extremes, and altered or reduced behavioral activity. Full expression develops in a species-specific manner, usually in response to a number of environmental stimuli that precede unfavorable conditions. Once diapause has begun, metabolic activity is suppressed even if conditions favorable for development prevail. Once initiated, only certain stimuli are capable of releasing the organism from this state, and this characteristic is essential in distinguishing diapause from hibernation." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071982
|
4 |
maintenance of diapause |
"The dormancy process that results an organism remaining in diapause. Diapause is a neurohormonally mediated, dynamic state of low metabolic activity. Associated characteristics of this form of dormancy include reduced morphogenesis, increased resistance to environmental extremes, and altered or reduced behavioral activity. Full expression develops in a species-specific manner, usually in response to a number of environmental stimuli that precede unfavorable conditions. Once diapause has begun, metabolic activity is suppressed even if conditions favorable for development prevail. Once initiated, only certain stimuli are capable of releasing the organism from this state, and this characteristic is essential in distinguishing diapause from hibernation." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0071987
|
0 |
WD40-repeat domain binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a WD40 repeat domain of a protein. The WD40 repeat is a short structural motif of approximately 40 amino acids, often terminating in a tryptophan-aspartic acid (W-D) dipeptide. Several of these repeats are combined to form a type of protein domain called the WD domain." [GOC:yaf, InterPro:IPR017986] |
|
GO:0072000
|
0 |
extracellular polysaccharide catabolic process involved in ascospore release from ascus |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of polysaccharides in the ascus wall that contributes to the release of ascospores from the ascus." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0072002
|
0 |
Malpighian tubule development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the Malpighian tubule over time, from its formation to the mature structure. A Malpighian tubule is a fine, thin-walled excretory tubule in insects which leads into the posterior part of the gut." [FBbt:00005786, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10, PMID:19783135] |
|
GO:0072048
|
0 |
renal system pattern specification |
"Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within an organism to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate into the anatomical structures of the renal system." [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] |
|
GO:0072057
|
0 |
inner stripe development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the inner stripe over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The inner stripe is a deep, centrally located portion of the renal outer medulla and is traversed by thin descending and thick ascending portions of the loops of Henle." [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] |
|
GO:0072066
|
0 |
prebend segment development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the prebend segment over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The prebend segment is a part of the descending thin limb that lies before the bend and exhibits permeabilities characteristic of the ascending limb, especially negligible water permeability." [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] |
|
GO:0072098
|
0 |
anterior/posterior pattern specification involved in kidney development |
"The developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within the kidney along the anterior/posterior axis to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate." [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] |
|
GO:0072099
|
0 |
anterior/posterior pattern specification involved in ureteric bud development |
"The developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within the ureteric bud along the anterior/posterior axis to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate." [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] |
|
GO:0072105
|
0 |
ureteric peristalsis |
"A wavelike sequence of involuntary muscular contraction and relaxation that passes along the ureter, impelling the contents onwards. The ureter is one of a pair of thick-walled tubes that transports urine from the kidney pelvis to the urinary bladder." [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] |
|
GO:0072184
|
0 |
renal vesicle progenitor cell differentiation |
"The process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the renal vesicle progenitor cells of the kidney as it progresses from its formation to the mature state. A renal vesicle progenitor cell is a cell that will give rise to terminally differentiated cells of the renal vesicle without self-renewing." [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] |
|
GO:0072199
|
0 |
regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in ureter development |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation that contributes to the progression of the ureter gland over time. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets." [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] |
|
GO:0072200
|
0 |
negative regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in ureter development |
"Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation that contributes to the progression of the ureter gland over time. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets." [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] |
|
GO:0072201
|
0 |
negative regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation |
"Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of mesenchymal cell proliferation. A mesenchymal cell is a cell that normally gives rise to other cells that are organized as three-dimensional masses, rather than sheets." [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] |
|
GO:0072228
|
0 |
metanephric prebend segment development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the metanephric prebend segment over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The metanephric prebend segment is a part of the metanephric descending thin limb that lies before the bend and exhibits permeabilities characteristic of the ascending limb, especially negligible water permeability." [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] |
|
GO:0072268
|
0 |
pattern specification involved in metanephros development |
"Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within the metanephros to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate." [GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10] |
|
GO:0072316
|
0 |
alpha-glucan catabolic process involved in ascospore release from ascus |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of alpha-glucans in the ascus wall that contributes to the release of ascospores from the ascus." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0072322
|
0 |
protein transport across periplasmic space |
"The directed movement of proteins from the plasma membrane across the periplasmic space to the outer membrane or cell wall." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0072344
|
2 |
rescue of stalled ribosome |
"A process of translational elongation that takes place when a ribosome has stalled during translation, and results in freeing the ribosome from the stalled translation complex." [GOC:jh2, GOC:mah, PMID:18557701, PMID:19170872, PMID:20117091, PMID:20185543] |
|
GO:0072372
|
0 |
primary cilium |
"A cilium found on many different cell types that is typically present in a single copy per cell. A primary cilium may have a variable array of axonemal microtubules and may or may not contain molecular motors." [GOC:curators, PMID:17009929, PMID:20144998] |
|
GO:0072376
|
0 |
protein activation cascade |
"A response to a stimulus that consists of a sequential series of modifications to a set of proteins where the product of one reaction acts catalytically in the following reaction. The magnitude of the response is typically amplified at each successive step in the cascade. Modifications typically include proteolysis or covalent modification, and may also include binding events." [GOC:add, GOC:mah, GOC:pde] |
|
GO:0072378
|
0 |
blood coagulation, fibrin clot formation |
"A protein activation cascade that contributes to blood coagulation and consists of the cascade of enzymatic reactions initiated by physical damage to the wall of a blood vessel, leading to the formation of a formation of a fibrin clot at the site of the injury. The process also includes numerous positive and negative regulatory events." [GOC:add, GOC:mah, GOC:pde] |
|
GO:0072379
|
0 |
ER membrane insertion complex |
"A protein complex that is involved in the post-translational delivery of tail-anchored (TA) membrane proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum. TA membrane proteins, also called type II transmembrane proteins, contain a single C-terminal transmembrane region. Some ER membrane insertion complex subunits are conserved between different species such as mammals and budding yeast." [GOC:mah, PMID:20676083, PMID:20850366] |
|
GO:0072495
|
0 |
host cell Cajal body |
"A class of nuclear body in the eukaryotic host cell, first seen after silver staining by Ramon y Cajal in 1903, enriched in small nuclear ribonucleoproteins, and certain general RNA polymerase II transcription factors; ultrastructurally, they appear as a tangle of coiled, electron-dense threads roughly 0.5 micrometers in diameter; involved in aspects of snRNP biogenesis; the protein coilin serves as a marker for Cajal bodies. Some argue that Cajal bodies are the sites for preassembly of transcriptosomes, unitary particles involved in transcription and processing of RNA. The host is the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:rph] |
|
GO:0072509
|
0 |
divalent inorganic cation transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of inorganic cations with a valency of two from one side of the membrane to the other. Inorganic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge that do not contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0072510
|
0 |
trivalent inorganic cation transmembrane transporter activity |
"Enables the transfer of inorganic cations with a valency of three from one side of the membrane to the other. Inorganic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge that do not contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0072511
|
81 |
divalent inorganic cation transport |
"The directed movement of inorganic cations with a valency of two into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Inorganic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge which do not contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0072512
|
0 |
trivalent inorganic cation transport |
"The directed movement of inorganic cations with a valency of three into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Inorganic cations are atoms or small molecules with a positive charge which do not contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0072513
|
0 |
positive regulation of secondary heart field cardioblast proliferation |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardioblast proliferation in the second heart field. A cardioblast is a cardiac precursor cell. It is a cell that has been committed to a cardiac fate, but will undergo more cell division rather than terminally differentiating. The secondary heart field is the region of the heart that will form the majority of the mesodermal component of the right ventricle, the arterial pole (outflow tract) and the venous pole (inflow tract)." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mah, GOC:rl] |
|
GO:0072538
|
0 |
T-helper 17 type immune response |
"An immune response which is associated with resistance to intracellular bacteria with a key role in inflammation and tissue injury. This immune response is associated with pathological autoimmune conditions such as multiple sclerosis, arthritis and psoriasis which is typically orchestrated by the production of particular cytokines by T-helper 17 cells, most notably interleukin-17, IL-21 and IL-22." [GOC:BHF, GOC:ebc] |
|
GO:0072559
|
0 |
NLRP3 inflammasome complex |
"A protein complex that consists of three components, NLRP3 (NALP3), PYCARD and caspase-1. It is activated upon exposure to whole pathogens, as well as a number of structurally diverse pathogen- and danger-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs and DAMPs) and environmental irritants. Whole pathogens demonstrated to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome complex include the fungi Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae, bacteria that produce pore-forming toxins, including Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus, and viruses such as Sendai virus, adenovirus, and influenza virus." [GOC:add, GOC:BHF, GOC:vp, PMID:20303873] |
|
GO:0072574
|
0 |
hepatocyte proliferation |
"The multiplication or reproduction of hepatocytes, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Hepatocytes form the main structural component of the liver. They are specialized epithelial cells that are organized into interconnected plates called lobules." [CL:0000182, GOC:BHF, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0072588
|
0 |
box H/ACA RNP complex |
"A ribonucleoprotein complex that contains an RNA of the box H/ACA type and the four core proteins dyskerin, NOP10, NHP2, and GAR1 (human protein nomenclature). RNA pseudouridylation (isomerization of uridine to pseudouridine) is the major, and most likely the ancestral, function of H/ACA RNPs. Pseudouridylation targets include both large and small ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), and small nuclear RNA (U2 snRNA). In addition to these catalytic H/ACA RNPs, a less abundant but more diverse class of structural H/ACA RNPs exists, which does not have pseudouridylation activity. These include the vertebrate telomerase RNP complex." [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomerase, GOC:jbu, GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:17284456, PMID:20227365] |
|
GO:0072661
|
3 |
protein targeting to plasma membrane |
"The process of directing proteins towards the plasma membrane; usually uses signals contained within the protein." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0072687
|
0 |
meiotic spindle |
"A spindle that forms as part of meiosis. Several proteins, such as budding yeast Spo21p, fission yeast Spo2 and Spo13, and C. elegans mei-1, localize specifically to the meiotic spindle and are absent from the mitotic spindle." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:11408572, PMID:18367542, PMID:8027178] |
|
GO:0072693
|
0 |
protein targeting to prospore membrane |
"The process of directing proteins towards the prospore membrane; usually uses signals contained within the protein." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0075029
|
0 |
formation of symbiont germ tube hook structure on or near host |
"The development of a swollen tip at the growing end of a symbiont spore which usually flattens against the host cell surface prior to appressorium formation. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075048
|
0 |
cell wall strengthening in symbiont involved in entry into host |
"A process in which the cell wall of the symbiont is strengthened or thickened during penetration into the body, tissues, or cells of the host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075049
|
0 |
modulation of symbiont cell wall strengthening involved in entry into host |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont cell wall strengthening during entry into host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075050
|
0 |
positive regulation of symbiont cell wall strengthening involved in entry into host |
"Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont cell wall strengthening during entry into host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075051
|
0 |
negative regulation of symbiont cell wall strengthening involved in entry into host |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of symbiont cell wall strengthening during entry into host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075053
|
0 |
formation of symbiont penetration peg for entry into host |
"The assembly by the symbiont of a peg-like structure for the purpose of penetration into its host organism, which penetrates through the host cuticle and epidermal cell wall. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075061
|
0 |
formation of symbiont invasive hypha in host |
"The assembly by the symbiont of a threadlike, tubular structure, which may contain multiple nuclei and may or may not be divided internally by septa or cross-walls, for the purpose of invasive growth within its host organism. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075071
|
0 |
autophagy involved in symbiotic interaction |
"The process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm during a symbiotic interaction; allows for both recycling of macromolecular constituents under conditions of cellular stress and remodeling the intracellular structure for cell differentiation. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075187
|
0 |
hyphopodium formation on or near host |
"The process in which a specialized structure, consisted of stalked, thick-walled, lobed cells of vegetative epiphytic hyphae, is formed, to attach and penetrate the host surface. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075192
|
0 |
haustorium mother cell formation on or near host |
"The process in which a symbiont cell is formed on or near its host organism, via separated from the tip of an infection hypha by a septum. The haustorium mother cell usually contains 2-4 fungal nuclei, and its function is to attach and penetrate the host. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075201
|
0 |
formation of symbiont penetration hypha for entry into host |
"The assembly by the symbiont of a threadlike, tubular structure, which may contain multiple nuclei and may or may not be divided internally by septa or cross-walls, for the purpose of penetration into its host organism. In the case of an appressorium existing, this term is defined in further details as the process in which the symbiont penetration peg expands to form a hypha which traverses the epidermal cell and emerges into the intercellular space of the mesophyll tissue. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075214
|
0 |
spore encystment on host |
"The physiological, developmental and morphological changes that occur in a symbiont spore during the process of its encystment. Encystment means to enter a state of essentially suspended animation in which the spore is protected by an outer coating and remains immobile and inactive until favorable conditions for growth occur again. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:kmv, GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075218
|
0 |
zoospore encystment on host |
"The physiological, developmental and morphological changes that occur in a symbiont zoospore during the process of its encystment. Encystment means to enter a state of essentially suspended animation in which the spore is protected by an outer coating and remains immobile and inactive until favorable conditions for growth occur again. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075226
|
0 |
encysted zoospore germination on or near host |
"The physiological, developmental and morphological changes that occur in the symbiont encysted zoospore, which is on or near its host organism and germinates by developing a germ tube that may penetrate the host directly or indirectly through an appresorium. An encysted zoospore is a zoospore which has shed its flagellum and whose membrane has fused to form a walled cyst. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075239
|
0 |
zoospore formation |
"The process in which a diploid cell undergoes meiosis, and the meiotic products acquire specialized features of asexual motile mononucleate flagellated spores called zoospores." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075240
|
0 |
regulation of zoospore formation |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of zoospore formation, a process in which a diploid cell undergoes meiosis, and the meiotic products acquire specialized features of asexual motile mononucleate flagellated spores called zoospores." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075241
|
0 |
positive regulation of zoospore formation |
"Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of zoospore formation, a process in which a diploid cell undergoes meiosis, and the meiotic products acquire specialized features of asexual motile mononucleate flagellated spores called zoospores." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075242
|
0 |
negative regulation of zoospore formation |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of zoospore formation, a process in which a diploid cell undergoes meiosis, and the meiotic products acquire specialized features of asexual motile mononucleate flagellated spores called zoospores." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075243
|
0 |
oospore formation |
"The process in which male and female gametangia develop and fuse to form an oospore, a thick-walled resting spore of oomycetes." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075244
|
0 |
regulation of oospore formation |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of oospore formation, a process in which male and female gametangia develop and fuse to form a thick-walled resting spore of oomycetes." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075245
|
0 |
positive regulation of oospore formation |
"Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oospore formation, a process in which male and female gametangia develop and fuse to form a thick-walled resting spore of oomycetes." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075246
|
0 |
negative regulation of oospore formation |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oospore formation, a process in which male and female gametangia develop and fuse to form a thick-walled resting spore of oomycetes." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075247
|
0 |
aeciospore formation |
"The process in which a dikaryotic spore of typically a rust fungus is produced in an aecium; in heteroecious rusts, the aeciospore is a spore stage that infects the alternate host." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075248
|
0 |
regulation of aeciospore formation |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of aeciospore formation, a process in which a dikaryotic spore of typically a rust fungus is produced in an aecium." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075249
|
0 |
positive regulation of aeciospore formation |
"Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of aeciospore formation, a process in which a dikaryotic spore of typically a rust fungus is produced in an aecium." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075250
|
0 |
negative regulation of aeciospore formation |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of aeciospore formation, a process in which a dikaryotic spore of typically a rust fungus is produced in an aecium." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075251
|
0 |
uredospore formation |
"The process which specific outcome is the formation of an asexual, dikaryotic, often rusty-colored spore, produced in a structure called a uredinium; mostly found in the rust fungus." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075252
|
0 |
regulation of uredospore formation |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of uredospore formation, a process in which an asexual, dikaryotic, often rusty-colored spore, is formed in a structure called a uredinium." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075253
|
0 |
positive regulation of uredospore formation |
"Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of uredospore formation, a process in which an asexual, dikaryotic, often rusty-colored spore, is formed in a structure called a uredinium." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075254
|
0 |
negative regulation of uredospore formation |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of uredospore formation, a process in which an asexual, dikaryotic, often rusty-colored spore, is formed in a structure called a uredinium." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075255
|
0 |
teliospore formation |
"The set of processes leading to the formation of a thick-walled resting or over-wintering spore produced by the rust fungi (Uredinales) and smut fungi (Ustilaginales) in which karyogamy occurs." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075256
|
0 |
regulation of teliospore formation |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of teliospore formation, which is the formation of a thick-walled resting or over-wintering spore produced by the rust fungi (Uredinales) and smut fungi (Ustilaginales) in which karyogamy occurs." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075257
|
0 |
positive regulation of teliospore formation |
"Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of teliospore formation, which is the formation of a thick-walled resting or overwintering spore produced by the rust fungi (Uredinales) and smut fungi (Ustilaginales) in which karyogamy occurs." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075258
|
0 |
negative regulation of teliospore formation |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of teliospore formation, which is the formation of a thick-walled resting or overwintering spore produced by the rust fungi (Uredinales) and smut fungi (Ustilaginales) in which karyogamy occurs." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075260
|
0 |
regulation of spore-bearing organ development |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of spore-bearing organ development, a process in which hyphae grow into special aggregates called fruiting bodies that produce new spores." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075261
|
0 |
positive regulation of spore-bearing organ development |
"Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of spore-bearing organ development, a process in which hyphae grow into special aggregates called fruiting bodies that produce new spores." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075262
|
0 |
negative regulation of spore-bearing organ development |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of spore-bearing organ development, a process in which hyphae grow into special aggregates called fruiting bodies that produce new spores." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075267
|
0 |
aecium development |
"The process in which a cup-like structure containing chains of aeciospores is formed. This is characteristic of the rust fungus and typically, the first dikaryotic spores (aeciospores) are produced in the aecium." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075271
|
0 |
zygosporangium development |
"The process in which a fruiting body called zygosporangium is formed. A zygosporangium is a thick-walled structure in which spores are produced, and is characteristic of the Zygomycetes." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075272
|
0 |
regulation of zygosporangium development |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of zygosporangium development, a process in which a fruiting body called zygosporangium is formed." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075273
|
0 |
positive regulation of zygosporangium development |
"Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of zygosporangium development, a process in which a fruiting body called zygosporangium is formed." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075274
|
0 |
negative regulation of zygosporangium development |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of zygosporangium development, a process in which a fruiting body called zygosporangium is formed." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075289
|
0 |
aplanospore formation |
"The process in which a nonmotile, asexual spore is formed within a cell in certain algae and fungi (commonly in the Phycomycetes), the wall of aplanospore is distinct from that of the parent cell." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075290
|
0 |
regulation of aplanospore formation |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of aplanospore formation, a process in which a nonmotile, asexual spore is formed within a cell in certain algae and fungi (commonly in the Phycomycetes), the wall of aplanospore is distinct from that of the parent cell." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075291
|
0 |
positive regulation of aplanospore formation |
"Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of aplanospore formation, a process in which a nonmotile, asexual spore is formed within a cell in certain algae and fungi (commonly in the Phycomycetes), the wall of aplanospore is distinct from that of the parent cell." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075292
|
0 |
negative regulation of aplanospore formation |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of aplanospore formation, a process in which a nonmotile, asexual spore is formed within a cell in certain algae and fungi (commonly in the Phycomycetes), the wall of aplanospore is distinct from that of the parent cell." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075298
|
0 |
regulation of zygospore formation |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of zygospore formation, a process in which a thick-walled spore of some algae and fungi is formed by union of two similar sexual cells, usually serves as a resting spore, and produces the sporophytic phase." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075299
|
0 |
positive regulation of zygospore formation |
"Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of frequency, rate or extent of zygospore formation, a process in which a thick-walled spore of some algae and fungi is formed by union of two similar sexual cells, usually serves as a resting spore, and produces the sporophytic phase." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075300
|
0 |
negative regulation of zygospore formation |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of zygospore formation, a process in which a thick-walled spore of some algae and fungi is formed by union of two similar sexual cells, usually serves as a resting spore, and produces the sporophytic phase." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075302
|
0 |
regulation of basidiospore formation |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of basidiospore formation, a process in which a sexually produced fungal spore is formed on a basidium in the fungi Basidiomycetes." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075303
|
0 |
positive regulation of basidiospore formation |
"Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of frequency, rate or extent of basidiospore formation, a process in which a sexually produced fungal spore is formed on a basidium in the fungi basidiomycetes." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075304
|
0 |
negative regulation of basidiospore formation |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of basidiospore formation, a process in which a sexually produced fungal spore is formed on a basidium in the fungi basidiomycetes." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075306
|
0 |
regulation of conidium formation |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of conidium formation, a processes leading to the production of a type of asexual non-motile reproductive spore of fungi via mitosis at the tip or side of hyphae or on special spore-producing structures called conidiophores." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075307
|
0 |
positive regulation of conidium formation |
"Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of conidium formation, a processes leading to the production of a type of asexual non-motile reproductive spore of fungi via mitosis at the tip or side of hyphae or on special spore-producing structures called conidiophores." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075308
|
0 |
negative regulation of conidium formation |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of conidium formation, a processes leading to the production of a type of asexual non-motile reproductive spore of fungi via mitosis at the tip or side of hyphae or on special spore-producing structures called conidiophores." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075313
|
0 |
basidium development |
"The process that leads to the development of basidium, a small, specialized club-shaped structure typically bearing four basidiospores at the tips of minute projections. The basidium is unique to Basidiomycetes and distinguishes them from other kinds of fungi." [GOC:di, GOC:mah, GOC:mcc, GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075314
|
0 |
regulation of basidium development |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of basidium development, a process that leads to the formation of a basidium, a small, specialized club-shaped structure typically bearing four basidiospores at the tips of minute projections. The basidium is unique to Basidiomycetes and distinguishes them from other kinds of fungi." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075315
|
0 |
positive regulation of basidium development |
"Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of basidium development, a process that leads to the formation of basidium, a small, specialized club-shaped structure typically bearing four basidiospores at the tips of minute projections. The basidium is unique to basidiomycetes and distinguishes them from other kinds of fungi." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075316
|
0 |
negative regulation of basidium development |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of basidium development, a process that leads to the formation of basidium, a small, specialized club-shaped structure typically bearing four basidiospores at the tips of minute projections. The basidium is unique to basidiomycetes and distinguishes them from other kinds of fungi." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075317
|
0 |
ascus development |
"The process that leads to the development of ascus, a sac-like structure produced by fungi of the phylum Ascomycota (sac fungi) in which sexually produced spores (ascospores), usually four or eight in number, are formed." [GOC:di, GOC:mah, GOC:mcc, GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075318
|
0 |
regulation of ascus development |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ascus development, a process that leads to the formation of basidium, a sac-like structure produced by fungi of the phylum Ascomycota (sac fungi) in which sexually produced spores (ascospores), usually four or eight in number, are formed." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075319
|
0 |
positive regulation of ascus development |
"Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ascus development, a saclike structure produced by fungi of the phylum Ascomycota (sac fungi) in which sexually produced spores (ascospores), usually four or eight in number, are formed." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075320
|
0 |
negative regulation of ascus development |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ascus development, a saclike structure produced by fungi of the phylum Ascomycota (sac fungi) in which sexually produced spores (ascospores), usually four or eight in number, are formed." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075321
|
0 |
oomycete sporangium development |
"The process that leads to the development of an oomycete sporangium, a single-celled or many-celled structure that germinates directly to form an infection hypha or differentiates, through specialized cleavage vesicles, into between 10 and 30 zoospores, which are laterally flagellated." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075322
|
0 |
regulation of oomycete sporangium development |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of oomycete sporangium development, a process that leads to the formation of oomycete sporangium, a single-celled or many-celled structure that germinates directly to form an infection hypha or differentiate, through specialized cleavage vesicles, into between 10 and 30 zoospores, which is laterally flagellated." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075323
|
0 |
positive regulation of oomycete sporangium development |
"Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of oomycete sporangium development, a process that leads to the formation of oomycete sporangium, a single-celled or many-celled structure that germinates directly to form an infection hypha or differentiate, through specialized cleavage vesicles, into between 10 and 30 zoospores, which is laterally flagellated." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075324
|
0 |
negative regulation of oomycete sporangium development |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of oomycete sporangium development, a process that leads to the formation of oomycete sporangium, a single-celled or many-celled structure that germinates directly to form an infection hypha or differentiate, through specialized cleavage vesicles, into between 10 and 30 zoospores, which is laterally flagellated." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0075522
|
0 |
IRES-dependent viral translational initiation |
"Process by which viral mRNA translation is initiated, where a domain in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of the viral mRNA called an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) binds the host 43S preinitiation complex, circumventing regular cap-dependent translation initiation." [GOC:bf, GOC:jl, PMID:19632368, VZ:867] |
|
GO:0075523
|
0 |
viral translational frameshifting |
"A process which occurs during viral translation, which involves a translational recoding mechanism called programmed ribosomal frameshifting. This causes the ribosome to alter its reading of the mRNA to an a different open reading frame to produce alternate viral proteins." [GOC:bf, GOC:ch, GOC:jl, PMID:24825891, PMID:8852897, VZ:860] |
|
GO:0075524
|
0 |
ribosomal skipping |
"A translation process in which a specific viral peptide prevents the ribosome from covalently linking a new inserted amino acid, and lets it continue translation, thereby cleaving the nascent protein while allowing translation to continue." [GOC:bf, GOC:ch, GOC:jl, VZ:914] |
|
GO:0075525
|
0 |
viral translational termination-reinitiation |
"A process which occurs as part of viral mRNA translation which allows expression of a downstream open reading frame (ORF) in a dicistronic mRNA. In this process, ribosomes translate the upstream ORF but following termination, a proportion of 40S subunits remain tethered to the mRNA and go on to re-initiate translation at the start codon of the downstream ORF." [GOC:bf, GOC:ch, GOC:jl, PMID:18631147, PMID:18824510, VZ:858] |
|
GO:0075527
|
0 |
viral RNA editing |
"The process by which bases in viral mRNA are chemically altered during viral transcription. This is usually the incorporation of 1 - 6 additional nucleotides, which shifts the reading frame, allowing the generation of different protein products or through a specific nucleotide change that eliminates the termination codon." [PMID:1629949, VZ:857] |
|
GO:0075732
|
0 |
viral penetration into host nucleus |
"The crossing by the virus of the host nuclear membrane, either as naked viral genome or for small viruses as an intact capsid." [PMID:22929056, VZ:989] |
|
GO:0080001
|
0 |
mucilage extrusion from seed coat |
"The process in which seed mucilage expands through hydration and breaks the outer cell wall that encapsulates the whole seed upon imbibition. Mucilage, mainly composed of pectins, is formed during seed development and deposited into the apoplast underneath the outer wall of the seed coat." [PMID:18266922] |
|
GO:0080005
|
0 |
photosystem stoichiometry adjustment |
"Adjustment of Photosystem I/Photosystem II ratio in response to light conditions. The function of photosystem stoichiometry adjustment is to compensate for any deficiency in energy conversion at either photosystem I or photosystem II by increasing the quantity the photosystem that will otherwise become the rate-limiting to overall photosynthesis." [PMID:11607105] |
|
GO:0080013
|
0 |
(E,E)-geranyllinalool synthase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: all-trans-geranyl-geranyl diphosphate + H2O = (E,E)-geranyllinalool + diphosphate." [MetaCyc:RXN-10441, PMID:18398052] |
|
GO:0080060
|
0 |
integument development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the integument over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Integument is one of the layers of tissue that usually covers the ovule, enveloping the nucellus and forming the micropyle at the apex." [PMID:19054366, PO:0020021] |
|
GO:0080064
|
0 |
4,4-dimethyl-9beta,19-cyclopropylsterol oxidation |
"A lipid oxidation process proceeding through a series of three successive monooxygenations of the alpha methyl group on the C4 carbon (CH3 to CH2OH to CHO to COOH) and resulting in this overall reaction: 4,4-dimethyl-9beta,19-cyclopropylsterol + 3 NADPH + 3 H+ + 3 O2 = 4-alpha-carboxy, 4-beta-methyl-9beta,19-cyclopropylsterol + 3 NADP+ + 3 H2O." [GOC:pr, PMID:14653780] |
|
GO:0080065
|
0 |
4-alpha-methyl-delta7-sterol oxidation |
"A lipid oxidation process proceeding through a series of three successive monooxygenations of the alpha methyl group on the C4 carbon (CH3 to CH2OH to CHO to COOH) and resulting in this overall reaction: 4-alpha-methyl-delta7-sterol + 3 NADPH + 3 H+ + 3 O2 = 4-alpha-carboxy,delta7-sterol + 3 NADP+ + 3 H2O." [GOC:pr, PMID:14653780] |
|
GO:0080084
|
0 |
5S rDNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the 5S rDNA sequence encoding ribosomal 5S rRNA, which is individually transcribed by RNA polymerase III, rather than by RNA polymerase I, in species where it exists." [PMID:12711688] |
|
GO:0080090
|
1356 |
regulation of primary metabolic process |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism involving those compounds formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism." [PMID:19211694] |
|
GO:0080093
|
0 |
regulation of photorespiration |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of photorespiration. Photorespiration is a light-dependent catabolic process occurring concomitantly with photosynthesis in plants (especially C3 plants) whereby dioxygen (O2) is consumed and carbon dioxide (CO2) is evolved." [GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0080120
|
2 |
CAAX-box protein maturation |
"A series of specific posttranslational modifications to the CAAX box region of CAAX box proteins. CAAX box proteins are eukaryotic proteins that contain a CAAX motif where the C is a cysteine, the two A residues are aliphatic amino acids and the X can be one of several amino acids. The CAAX-box proteins undergo three sequential, enzymatic, post-translational modifications essential to their targeting: First, the proteins are prenylated by one of two prenyltransferases called farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferase-I. Prenylation results in the covalent attachment of either farnesyl or geranylgeranyl isoprenoid groups to the cysteine in the CAAX box motif. Prenylation is followed by proteolytic removal of the last three amino acids of the protein (AAX). Finally, the newly exposed carboxylate group of the isoprenylcysteine is methylated by an ER-associated prenyl-dependent carboxylmethyltransferase." [PMID:12039957, PMID:17114793, PMID:18641086] |
|
GO:0080134
|
80 |
regulation of response to stress |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a response to stress. Response to stress is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [GOC:dhl] |
|
GO:0080135
|
58 |
regulation of cellular response to stress |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular response to stress. Cellular response to stress is a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [GOC:dhl] |
|
GO:0080156
|
0 |
mitochondrial mRNA modification |
"The covalent alteration within the mitochondrion of one or more nucleotides within an mRNA to produce an mRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [PMID:20566637] |
|
GO:0080157
|
0 |
regulation of plant-type cell wall organization or biogenesis |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving plant-type cell wall organization or biogenesis. Plant-type cell wall organization or biogenesis is a process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellulose- and pectin-containing cell wall." [PMID:20530756] |
|
GO:0080165
|
0 |
callose deposition in phloem sieve plate |
"Any process in which callose is transported to, and/or maintained in, phloem sieve plate. Callose is a linear 1,3-beta-d-glucan formed from UDP-glucose and is found in certain plant cell walls." [PMID:19470642] |
|
GO:0080175
|
0 |
phragmoplast microtubule organization |
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of structures formed of microtubules and associated proteins in phragmoplast, a plant cell specific structure that forms during late cytokinesis. Phragmoplast serves as a scaffold for cell plate assembly and subsequent formation of a new cell wall separating the two daughter cells." [PMID:19383896] |
|
GO:0080184
|
0 |
response to phenylpropanoid |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as the result of a phenylpropanoid stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. A phenylpropanoid is any of secondary metabolites with structures based on a phenylpropane skeleton. The class includes phenylpropanoid esters, flavonoids, anthocyanins, coumarins and many small phenolic molecules. Phenylpropanoids are also precursors of lignin." [CHEBI:26004, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0080188
|
0 |
RNA-directed DNA methylation |
"An epigenetic RNA-based gene silencing process first elucidated in plants whereby 24-nt small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) guide DNA methyltransferases to the siRNA-generating genomic loci and other loci that are homologous to the siRNAs for de novo DNA methylation. In general this process consists of three phases: biogenesis of siRNAs, scaffold RNA production, and the formation of the guiding complex that recruits de novo DNA methyltransferases to the target loci." [PMID:21420348] |
|
GO:0085004
|
0 |
interaction with host via secreted substance released from haustorium |
"An interaction with the host organism mediated by a substance released by the other (symbiont) organism via the haustorium, a projection from a cell or tissue that penetrates the host's cell wall. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0085008
|
0 |
interaction with host via secreted substance released from microneme |
"An interaction with the host organism mediated by a substance released by the other (symbiont) organism via the microneme, a small, elongated secretory organelle that forms part of the apical complex of an apicomplexan parasite. The host is defined as the larger of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0086018
|
0 |
SA node cell to atrial cardiac muscle cell signalling |
"Any process that mediates the transfer of information from an SA node cardiomyocyte to an atrial cardiomyocyte." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11] |
|
GO:0085035
|
0 |
haustorium |
"A projection from a cell or tissue that penetrates the host's cell wall and invaginates the host cell membrane." [GOC:pamgo_curators] |
|
GO:0086024
|
0 |
adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in positive regulation of heart rate |
"An adrenergic receptor signaling pathway that contributes to an increase in frequency or rate of heart contraction. Binding of adrenalin or noradrenalin to a beta-adrenergic receptor on the surface of the signal-receiving cell results in the activation of an intracellular Gs protein. Gs activates adenylate cyclase to increase intracellular cyclic-AMP (cAMP) levels. cAMP binds directly to F-channels to allow an inward flow of sodium (known as funny current, or If current). The funny current is responsible for membrane depolarization and an increase in heart rate." [GOC:bf, GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11, PMID:21099118] |
|
GO:0086102
|
0 |
adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G-protein coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway involved in negative regulation of heart rate |
"A G-protein coupled acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway that contributes to an decrease in frequency or rate of heart contraction through inhibition of adenylate cyclase (AC) activity. Binding of acetylcholine to a G-protein coupled (muscarinic) receptor on the surface of the signal-receiving cell results in the activation of an intracellular Gi/o protein. Gi/o inhibits adenylate cyclase to decrease cyclic-AMP (cAMP) levels. Since cAMP binds directly to F-channels to allow an inward flow of sodium (funny current, If current), a reduction in cAMP reduces the funny current to bring about membrane hyperpolarization and a decrease in heart rate." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11] |
|
GO:0089701
|
0 |
U2AF |
"A heterodimeric protein complex consisting of conserved large and small U2AF subunits that contributes to spliceosomal RNA splicing by binding to consensus sequences at the 3' splice site. U2AF is required to stabilize the association of the U2 snRNP with the branch point." [GOC:dos, GOC:mah, PMID:15231733, PMID:1538748, PMID:2963698, PMID:8657565] |
|
GO:0090022
|
0 |
regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil chemotaxis. Neutrophil chemotaxis is the directed movement of a neutrophil cell, the most numerous polymorphonuclear leukocyte found in the blood, in response to an external stimulus, usually an infection or wounding." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090023
|
0 |
positive regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis |
"Any process that increases the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil chemotaxis. Neutrophil chemotaxis is the directed movement of a neutrophil cell, the most numerous polymorphonuclear leukocyte found in the blood, in response to an external stimulus, usually an infection or wounding." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090024
|
0 |
negative regulation of neutrophil chemotaxis |
"Any process that decreases the frequency, rate, or extent of neutrophil chemotaxis. Neutrophil chemotaxis is the directed movement of a neutrophil cell, the most numerous polymorphonuclear leukocyte found in the blood, in response to an external stimulus, usually an infection or wounding." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090063
|
0 |
positive regulation of microtubule nucleation |
"Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of microtubule nucleation. Microtubule nucleation is the 'de novo' formation of a microtubule, in which tubulin heterodimers form metastable oligomeric aggregates, some of which go on to support formation of a complete microtubule. Microtubule nucleation usually occurs from a specific site within a cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090064
|
0 |
activation of microtubule nucleation |
"Any process that starts the inactive process of microtubule nucleation. Microtubule nucleation is the 'de novo' formation of a microtubule, in which tubulin heterodimers form metastable oligomeric aggregates, some of which go on to support formation of a complete microtubule. Microtubule nucleation usually occurs from a specific site within a cell." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090065
|
0 |
regulation of production of siRNA involved in RNA interference |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the production of siRNA, the cleavage of double-stranded RNA to form small interfering RNA molecules (siRNAs) of 21-23 nucleotides, in the context of RNA interference." [GOC:dph, GOC:mah, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090077
|
0 |
foam cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a foam cell. A foam cell is a type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions." [GOC:add, GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090078
|
0 |
smooth muscle derived foam cell differentiation |
"The process in which a smooth muscle cell acquires the specialized features of a foam cell. A foam cell is a type of cell containing lipids in small vacuoles and typically seen in atherosclerotic lesions, as well as other conditions." [GOC:add, GOC:BHF, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090088
|
0 |
regulation of oligopeptide transport |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of oligopeptides into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Oligopeptides are molecules that contain a small number (2 to 20) of amino-acid residues connected by peptide linkages." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090093
|
0 |
regulation of fungal-type cell wall beta-glucan biosynthetic process |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of fungal-type cell wall beta-glucan biosynthesis, the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of beta-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of fungal cells." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090171
|
0 |
chondrocyte morphogenesis |
"The process in which the structures of a chondrocyte are generated and organized. This process occurs while the initially relatively unspecialized cell is acquiring the specialized features of a chondrocyte." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090175
|
4 |
regulation of establishment of planar polarity |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the establishment of planar polarity, the coordinated organization of groups of cells in a tissue, such that they all orient to similar coordinates." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090202
|
0 |
gene looping |
"The formation and maintenance of DNA loops that juxtapose sequentially separated regions of RNA polymerase II-transcribed genes." [GOC:dph, GOC:rb, GOC:tb, PMID:19923429, PMID:19933150] |
|
GO:0090218
|
1 |
positive regulation of lipid kinase activity |
"Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of lipid kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a simple or complex lipid." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090219
|
1 |
negative regulation of lipid kinase activity |
"Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of lipid kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a simple or complex lipid." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090236
|
0 |
regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter involved in somitogenesis |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter that contributes to the formation of mesodermal clusters that are arranged segmentally along the anterior posterior axis of an embryo." [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090262
|
0 |
regulation of transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of the nucleotide-excision repair process that carries out preferential repair of DNA lesions on the actively transcribed strand of the DNA duplex. In addition, the transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair pathway is required for the recognition and repair of a small subset of lesions that are not recognized by the global genome nucleotide excision repair pathway." [GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090313
|
0 |
regulation of protein targeting to membrane |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the process of directing proteins towards a membrane, usually using signals contained within the protein." [GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090314
|
0 |
positive regulation of protein targeting to membrane |
"Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process of directing proteins towards a membrane, usually using signals contained within the protein." [GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090315
|
0 |
negative regulation of protein targeting to membrane |
"Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of the process of directing proteins towards a membrane, usually using signals contained within the protein." [GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090323
|
0 |
prostaglandin secretion involved in immune response |
"The regulated release of a prostaglandin that contributes to the immune response. Prostaglandins are a group of biologically active metabolites which contain a cyclopentane ring." [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090334
|
0 |
regulation of cell wall (1->3)-beta-D-glucan biosynthetic process |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of (1->3)-beta-D-glucans, compounds composed of glucose residues linked by (1->3)-beta-D-glucosidic bonds, found in the walls of cells." [GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090335
|
0 |
regulation of brown fat cell differentiation |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of brown fat cell differentiation. Brown fat cell differentiation is the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a brown adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell involved in adaptive thermogenesis. Brown adipocytes contain multiple small droplets of triglycerides and a high number of mitochondria." [GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090336
|
0 |
positive regulation of brown fat cell differentiation |
"Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of brown fat cell differentiation. Brown fat cell differentiation is the process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of a brown adipocyte, an animal connective tissue cell involved in adaptive thermogenesis. Brown adipocytes contain multiple small droplets of triglycerides and a high number of mitochondria." [GOC:BHF] |
|
GO:0090365
|
0 |
regulation of mRNA modification |
"Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an mRNA molecule to produce an mRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:dph, GOC:sl, GOC:tb, PMID:14559896] |
|
GO:0090366
|
0 |
positive regulation of mRNA modification |
"Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of the covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an mRNA molecule to produce an mRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:dph, GOC:sl, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090367
|
0 |
negative regulation of mRNA modification |
"Any process that decreases the rate, frequency, or extent of the covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within an mRNA molecule to produce an mRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:dph, GOC:sl, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090374
|
0 |
oligopeptide export from mitochondrion |
"The directed movement of oligopeptides out of mitochondria into the cytosol by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Oligopeptides are molecules that contain a small number (2 to 20) of amino-acid residues connected by peptide linkages." [PMID:11251115] |
|
GO:0090379
|
0 |
secondary cell wall biogenesis involved in seed trichome differentiation |
"A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of inextensible cellulose- and pectin-containing cell walls that are formed between the plasma membrane and primary cell wall of seed trichomes after cell expansion is complete." [GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090484
|
0 |
drug transporter activity |
"Enables the directed movement of a drug into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. A drug is any naturally occurring or synthetic substance, other than a nutrient, that, when administered or applied to an organism, affects the structure or functioning of the organism; in particular, any such substance used in the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease." [GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090486
|
0 |
small RNA 2'-O-methyltransferase |
"Catalysis of the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to the oxygen atom of a nucleoside residue in a small RNA molecule. Reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + small RNA <=> S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + small RNA containing a 3'-terminal 2'-O-methylnucleotide." [EC:2.1.1.n8, GOC:tb, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0090511
|
0 |
periclinal cell division |
"A cell division process where the division plane is parallel to the surface of the organ. It creates a new cell layer or cell file." [GOC:tair_curators, PMID:21391814] |
|
GO:0090529
|
1 |
cell septum assembly |
"The assembly and arrangement of a cellular component that is composed of peptidoglycan and often chitin in addition to other materials and usually forms perpendicular to the long axis of a cell or hypha. It grows centripetally from the cell wall to the center of the cell and often functions in the compartmentalization of a cell into two daughter cells." [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle] |
|
GO:0090535
|
0 |
WICH complex |
"An ISWI complex that contains an ATPase subunit of the ISWI family (specifically SNF2H in mammals, which contain two ISWI homologs) and WSTF (Williams Syndrome Transcription Factor). WICH plays roles in regulation of RNAP I and III transcription and in DNA replication and repair." [GOC:krc, PMID:15284901, PMID:16568949, PMID:21810179] |
|
GO:0090536
|
0 |
NoRC complex |
"An ISWI complex that contains an ATPase subunit of the ISWI family (specifically SNF2H in mammals, which contain two ISWI homologs) and a Tip5 homolog. In mammals, NoRC is involved in regulation of transcription from RNAP I and RNA polymerase III promoters." [GOC:krc] |
|
GO:0090537
|
0 |
CERF complex |
"An ISWI complex that contains an ATPase subunit of the ISWI family (specifically SNF2L in mammals, which contain two ISWI homologs) and a CECR2 homolog. In mammals, CERF is involved in regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoters." [GOC:krc] |
|
GO:0090543
|
0 |
Flemming body |
"A cell part that is the central region of the midbody characterized by a gap in alpha-tubulin staining. It is a dense structure of antiparallel microtubules from the central spindle in the middle of the intercellular bridge." [GOC:pm, PMID:18641129, PMID:22522702] |
|
GO:0090557
|
0 |
establishment of endothelial intestinal barrier |
"The establishment of a barrier between endothelial cell layers of the intestine to exert specific and selective control over the passage of water and solutes, thus allowing formation and maintenance of compartments that differ in fluid and solute composition." [GOC:krc, PMID:22155109] |
|
GO:0090604
|
0 |
surface biofilm formation |
"A process in which planktonically growing microorganisms grow at the surface of a liquid-air interface and produce extracellular polymers that facilitate matrix formation, resulting in a change in the organisms' growth rate and gene transcription." [GOC:di, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090605
|
0 |
submerged biofilm formation |
"A process in which planktonically growing microorganisms aggregate and grow on solid substrates under the flow of a liquid and produce extracellular polymers that facilitate attachment and matrix formation, resulting in a change in the organisms' growth rate and gene transcription." [GOC:di, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090606
|
0 |
single-species surface biofilm formation |
"A process in which planktonically growing microorganisms of the same species grow at the surface of a liquid-air interface and produce extracellular polymers that facilitate matrix formation, resulting in a change in the organisms' growth rate and gene transcription." [GOC:di, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090607
|
0 |
multi-species surface biofilm formation |
"A process in which planktonically growing microorganisms of different species grow at the surface of a liquid-air interface and produce extracellular polymers that facilitate matrix formation, resulting in a change in the organisms' growth rate and gene transcription." [GOC:di, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090608
|
0 |
multi-species submerged biofilm formation |
"A process in which planktonically growing microorganisms of different species aggregate and grow on solid substrates under the flow of a liquid and produce extracellular polymers that facilitate attachment and matrix formation, resulting in a change in the organisms' growth rate and gene transcription." [GOC:di, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090609
|
0 |
single-species submerged biofilm formation |
"A process in which planktonically growing microorganisms of the same species aggregate and grow on solid substrates under the flow of a liquid and produce extracellular polymers that facilitate attachment and matrix formation, resulting in a change in the organisms' growth rate and gene transcription." [GOC:di, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0090619
|
0 |
meiotic spindle pole |
"Either of the ends of a meiotic spindle, a spindle that forms as part of meiosis, where spindle microtubules are organized; usually contains a microtubule organizing center and accessory molecules, spindle microtubules and astral microtubules." [GOC:ha, PMID:18250200] |
|
GO:0090625
|
0 |
mRNA cleavage involved in gene silencing by siRNA |
"The process in which small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) direct the cleavage of target mRNAs. Once incorporated into a RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC), a siRNA will typically direct cleavage by base pairing with perfect or near-perfect complementarity to the target mRNA." [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, PMID:15260970] |
|
GO:0090641
|
0 |
microsporidian-type endospore |
"The middle layer in a microsporidian spore wall that lies under the exospore and outside the plasma membrane, containing chitin and proteins." [PMID:19457051] |
|
GO:0090642
|
0 |
microsporidian-type exospore |
"The dense, protein rich outermost layer of a microsporidian spore wall that lies above the endospore." [PMID:19457051, PMID:25363531] |
|
GO:0090658
|
0 |
cone matrix sheath |
"A biochemically and structurally distinct domain of the retinal interphotoreceptor matrix that is specifically associated with cone photoreceptor cell inner and outer segments." [GOC:mr, PMID:2055688] |
|
GO:0090666
|
0 |
scaRNA localization to Cajal body |
"A process in which a small Cajal body-specific RNA is transported to, or maintained in, a Cajal body." [GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_telomere, GOC:nc, PMID:25467444] |
|
GO:0093001
|
0 |
glycolysis from storage polysaccharide through glucose-1-phosphate |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a storage polysaccharide into pyruvate through a glucose-1-phosphate intermediate, with the concomitant production of a small amount of ATP and the reduction of NAD to NADH." [GOC:dph, GOC:glycolysis] |
|
GO:0097002
|
0 |
mitochondrial inner boundary membrane |
"The portion of the mitochondrial inner membrane that is not invaginated to form cristae. The inner boundary membrane lies parallel to the outer membrane." [GOC:mcc, PMID:16054341, PMID:19019989] |
|
GO:0097014
|
0 |
ciliary plasm |
"All of the contents of a cilium, excluding the plasma membrane surrounding the cilium." [GOC:BHF, GOC:cilia, GOC:dos, PMID:17895364] |
|
GO:0097015
|
0 |
bacterial-type flagellar cytoplasm |
"All of the contents of a bacterial-type flagellum, excluding the plasma membrane surrounding the flagellum." [GOC:BHF] |
|
GO:0097038
|
0 |
perinuclear endoplasmic reticulum |
"The portion of endoplasmic reticulum, the intracellular network of tubules and cisternae, that occurs near the nucleus. The lumen of the perinuclear endoplasmic reticulum is contiguous with the nuclear envelope lumen (also called perinuclear space), the region between the inner and outer nuclear membranes." [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:mcc, GOC:pr, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0097046
|
0 |
replication fork progression beyond termination site |
"Regulation of DNA replication by a mechanism that allows a DNA replication fork to progress beyond a termination site, which is a region containing fork pausing elements that influence the progression and merging of DNA replication forks." [GOC:bf, GOC:mcc, GOC:pr, PMID:20797631] |
|
GO:0097048
|
0 |
dendritic cell apoptotic process |
"Any apoptotic process in a dendritic cell, a cell of hematopoietic origin, typically resident in particular tissues, specialized in the uptake, processing, and transport of antigens to lymph nodes for the purpose of stimulating an immune response via T cell activation." [CL:0000451, GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:15059845] |
|
GO:0097070
|
0 |
ductus arteriosus closure |
"The morphogenesis process in which the ductus arteriosus changes to no longer permit blood flow after birth. The ductus arteriosus is the shunt between the aorta and the pulmonary artery which allows blood to bypass the fetus' lungs." [GOC:hw] |
|
GO:0097099
|
0 |
structural constituent of albumen |
"The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of albumen (also called egg white). Albumen is the clear liquid contained within an egg and consists of water and proteins, among which are ovomucin and ovomucoid. It protects the egg yolk and provides additional nutrition for the growth of the embryo." [GOC:jj, Wikipedia:Albumen] |
|
GO:0097161
|
0 |
DH domain binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a DH (Dbl homology) domain of a protein. The DH domain contains three structurally conserved regions separated by more variable regions. It is composed of 11 alpha helices that are folded into a flattened, elongated alpha-helix bundle in which two of the three conserved regions, conserved region 1 (CR1) and conserved region 3 (CR3), are exposed near the centre of one surface. CR1 and CR3, together with a part of alpha-6 and the DH/PH (pleckstrin homology) junction site, constitute the Rho GTPase interacting pocket." [GOC:yaf, InterPro:IPR000219, PMID:12775584] |
|
GO:0097162
|
0 |
MADS box domain binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a MADS box domain, a protein domain that encodes the DNA-binding MADS domain. The MADS domain binds to DNA sequences of high similarity to the motif CC[A/T]6GG termed the CArG-box. MADS-domain proteins are generally transcription factors. The length of the MADS-box is in the range of 168 to 180 base pairs." [GOC:yaf, InterPro:IPR002100, PMID:18296735, Wikipedia:MADS-box] |
|
GO:0097170
|
0 |
ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose, an ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose having beta-configuration at the anomeric centre of the heptose. ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose (also called ADP-L-beta-D-heptose or ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose) is a nucleotide-sugar precursor of the inner core lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate." [CHEBI:61530, GOC:yaf] |
|
GO:0097171
|
0 |
ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose, an ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose having beta-configuration at the anomeric centre of the heptose. ADP-L-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose (also called ADP-L-beta-D-heptose or ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose) is a nucleotide-sugar precursor of the inner core lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from D-glycero-beta-D-manno-heptose 7-phosphate." [CHEBI:61530, GOC:yaf, UniPathway:UPA00356] |
|
GO:0097178
|
0 |
ruffle assembly |
"The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a ruffle, a projection at the leading edge of a crawling cell; the protrusions are supported by a microfilament meshwork. The formation of ruffles (also called membrane ruffling) is thought to be controlled by a group of enzymes known as Rho GTPases, specifically RhoA, Rac1 and cdc42." [GOC:yaf, http:en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Membrane_ruffling, PMID:12556481] |
|
GO:0097193
|
23 |
intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway |
"A series of molecular signals in which an intracellular signal is conveyed to trigger the apoptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with reception of an intracellular signal (e.g. DNA damage, endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress etc.), and ends when the execution phase of apoptosis is triggered. The intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway is crucially regulated by permeabilization of the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOMP)." [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:yaf, PMID:11919192, PMID:17340152, PMID:18852119] |
|
GO:0097197
|
0 |
tetraspanin-enriched microdomain |
"A pre-organized unit composed either of adhesion molecules (mainly integrins and members of the Ig superfamily), signaling receptors and/or enzyme-enriched plasma membrane domains that compartmentalizes cellular processes. Tetraspanin-enriched microdomains might be specially suited for the regulation of avidity of adhesion receptors and the compartmentalization of enzymatic activities." [GOC:ans, PMID:19709882, PMID:21930792] |
|
GO:0097201
|
0 |
negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to stress |
"Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [GOC:rn, PMID:11027285, PMID:15575969, PMID:16556235, PMID:18086556, PMID:18627600] |
|
GO:0097204
|
0 |
phagocytic cup base |
"The older part of the phagocytic cup where the actin cytoskeleton disassembles, allowing early incoming and outgoing vesicular trafficking." [GOC:pf, PMID:20200225] |
|
GO:0097207
|
0 |
bud dormancy process |
"A dormancy process in which dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is induced, maintained or broken in a bud. Bud dormancy is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated. It may be a response to environmental conditions such as seasonality or extreme heat, drought, or cold. The exit from bud dormancy is marked by the resumed growth of the bud." [GOC:PO_curators, PO_REF:00009] |
|
GO:0097217
|
0 |
sieve area |
"A pit-like area in the cell wall of a sieve element; contains pores lined with callose and occupied by strands of protoplasmic material that interconnect the protoplasts of contiguous sieve elements." [ISBN:0471738433, POC:curators] |
|
GO:0097218
|
0 |
sieve plate |
"A part of the cell wall of a sieve tube member that bears one or more highly specialized sieve areas." [ISBN:0471738433, POC:curators] |
|
GO:0097241
|
0 |
hematopoietic stem cell migration to bone marrow |
"The orderly movement of a hematopoietic stem cell into the bone marrow, and its subsequent positioning within defined functional compartments in that microenvironment. A hematopoietic stem cell is a cell from which all cells of the lymphoid and myeloid lineages develop, including blood cells and cells of the immune system." [CL:0000037, GOC:yaf, PMID:17368745] |
|
GO:0097247
|
0 |
epigallocatechin 3-gallate binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with epigallocatechin 3-gallate, a compound that is a gallic acid ester of a catechin." [CHEBI:4806, GOC:sl, PMID:21307292] |
|
GO:0097264
|
2 |
self proteolysis |
"The hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their own peptide bonds." [GOC:yaf, PMID:18676612, PMID:19144634] |
|
GO:0097267
|
0 |
omega-hydroxylase P450 pathway |
"The chemical reactions and pathways by which arachidonic acid is converted to other compounds initially by omega-hydroxylation." [GOC:mw, PMID:10681399] |
|
GO:0097269
|
0 |
all-trans-decaprenyl-diphosphate synthase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate + 7 isopentenyl diphosphate = 7 diphosphate + all-trans-decaprenyl diphosphate." [EC:2.5.1.91, GOC:mw, PMID:16262699] |
|
GO:0097322
|
0 |
7SK snRNA binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a 7SK small nuclear RNA (7SK snRNA)." [GOC:nhn, PMID:21853533] |
|
GO:0097329
|
0 |
response to antimetabolite |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an antimetabolite stimulus. An antimetabolite is a substance which is structurally similar to a metabolite but which competes with it or replaces it, and so prevents or reduces its normal utilization." [CHEBI:35221, GOC:pr] |
|
GO:0097330
|
0 |
response to 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine stimulus. 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine is a pyrimidine 2'-deoxyribonucleoside compound having 5-fluorouracil as the nucleobase; it is used to treat hepatic metastases of gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas and for palliation in malignant neoplasms of the liver and gastrointestinal tract." [CHEBI:60761, GOC:pr] |
|
GO:0097332
|
0 |
response to antipsychotic drug |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an antipsychotic drug stimulus. Antipsychotic drugs are agents that control agitated psychotic behaviour, alleviate acute psychotic states, reduce psychotic symptoms, and exert a quieting effect." [CHEBI:35476, GOC:pr] |
|
GO:0097342
|
0 |
ripoptosome |
"A protein complex whose core components are the receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinases RIPK1 and RIPK3 (also called RIP1 and RIP3). Formation of the ripoptosome can induce an extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway or a necroptotic signaling pathway. The composition of this protein complex may depend on several factors including nature of the signal, cell type and more." [GOC:bhm, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:22265414, PMID:22274400] |
|
GO:0097346
|
0 |
INO80-type complex |
"A chromatin remodeling protein complex initially purified from S. cerevisiae and containing more than 10 subunits, including the SWR1-related complexes. INO80 (inositol requiring 80)-type complexes have diverse functions, including promoting transcriptional activation and DNA repair." [GOC:rb, PMID:19355820] |
|
GO:0097356
|
0 |
perinucleolar compartment |
"The perinucleolar compartment (PNC) is a subnuclear structure associated with, but structurally distinct from, the nucleolus. The PNC contains large amounts of the heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein complex (hnRNP) called hnRNP 1 (PTB). Many RNA binding proteins as well as RNA polymerase III transcripts are highly enriched in this compartment. PTB and pol III transcripts are required for the integrity of the PNC." [GOC:vw, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perinucleolar_compartment, PMID:21385875] |
|
GO:0097373
|
0 |
MCM core complex |
"A protein complex that contains Mcm4, Mcm6, and Mcm7 proteins, and possesses DNA helicase activity. In the heterohexameric MCM complex, the Mcm4/6/7 proteins form a stable core, and Mcm2, Mcm3, and Mcm5 are more peripherally associated." [GOC:mah, PMID:10770926, PMID:15007098, PMID:9305914] |
|
GO:0097381
|
0 |
photoreceptor disc membrane |
"Ovally-shaped membranous stack located inside the photoreceptor outer segment, and containing densely packed molecules of the photoreceptor protein rhodopsin that traverse the lipid bilayer. Disc membranes are apparently derived from the plasma membrane in the region of the cilium that connects the photoreceptor outer segment to the inner segment." [GOC:bj, PMID:11826267, PMID:2537204, PMID:7507907] |
|
GO:0097407
|
0 |
Bunina body |
"Small granular inclusions (about 1-3 microns in diameter) found in the anterior horn cells, and appearing either singly or in a group. Sometimes they are arranged in small beaded chains. Bunina bodies express cystatin C and consist of electron-dense amorphous material that contains tubules or vesicular structures. The amorphous material frequently includes a cytoplasmic island containing neurofilaments and other micro-organelles." [NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090101, PMID:18026741] |
|
GO:0097408
|
0 |
fibrillary inclusion |
"Cellular inclusion consisting of circular areas filled with fine slender filaments about 10 nanometers in diameter, delimited by a wall of varying complexity (either a single continuous membrane or a tubular network consisting of a fine filamentous material giving the wall a honeycomb appearance). Fibrillary inclusions are found in the cytoplasm of giant cells of Dieters in the lateral vestibular nucleus of the rat; similar structures have been described in the ventral cochlear nucleus, spinal cord, and substantia nigra." [NIF_Subcellular:sao967812059] |
|
GO:0097411
|
0 |
hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha signaling pathway |
"A series of molecular signals mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF1) in response to lowered oxygen levels (hypoxia). Under hypoxic conditions, the oxygen-sensitive alpha-subunit of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1 dimerizes with a HIF1-beta subunit (also called ARNT or aryl-hydrocarbon-receptor nuclear translocator), translocates to the nucleus and activates transcription of genes whose products participate in responding to hypoxia." [GOC:bf, GOC:jc, http://www.sabiosciences.com/pathway.php?sn=HIF1Alpha_Pathway] |
|
GO:0097413
|
0 |
Lewy body |
"Cytoplasmic, spherical inclusion commonly found in damaged neurons, and composed of abnormally phosphorylated, neurofilament proteins aggregated with ubiquitin and alpha-synuclein." [NIF_Subcellular:sao4933778419] |
|
GO:0097414
|
0 |
classical Lewy body |
"Cytoplasmic inclusion, 5 to 15 micrometers in diameter, with a dense core surrounded by a halo of 10 to 20 nm wide radially oriented alpha-synuclein fibrils." [NIF_Subcellular:sao4749542545] |
|
GO:0097417
|
0 |
nematosome |
"Cytoplasmic, ball-like inclusion resembling a nucleolus and consisting of a convoluted network of electron-opaque strands embedded in a less dense matrix. It measures approximately 0.9 microns and lacks a limiting membrane. Its strands (diameter = 400-600 A) appear to be made of an entanglement of tightly packed filaments and particles approximately 25-50 A thick. Cytochemical studies suggest the presence of nonhistone proteins and some RNA. Usually only one such structure is present in a cell, and it appears to occur in most ganglion cells. Although they can be seen anywhere in the cell body, nematosomes are typically located in the perinuclear cytoplasm, where they are often associated with smooth-surfaced and coated vesicles." [NIF_Subcellular:sao138430598, PMID:5458990] |
|
GO:0097418
|
0 |
neurofibrillary tangle |
"Intracellular mass of paired, helically wound protein filaments (also called PHF) lying in the cytoplasm of neuronal cell bodies and neuritic cell processes. Neurofibrillary tangles contain an abnormally phosphorylated form of a microtubule-associated protein, tau. The shape of these inclusions may resemble a flame or a star." [NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090201, NIF_Subcellular:nlx_subcell_20090202, NIF_Subcellular:sao2409833926] |
|
GO:0097423
|
0 |
mitochondrion-associated adherens complex |
"An organelle arrangement comprised of the following elements: a mitochondrion positioned near the presynaptic membrane; an electron-dense mitochondrial plaque adjacent to the outer mitochondrial membrane that faces the presynaptic membrane; filament-like elements appearing to link the mitochondrial plaque to a cell-cell junction region (sometimes termed punctum adherens); tubular or vesicular-appearing membrane (also called vesicular chain) interposed among the filaments. Mitochondrion-associated adherens complexes were initially described in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. They are found in calyces and other large terminals of the auditory brainstem, and in a variety of mammalian species including humans." [NIF_Subcellular:sao1933817066, PMID:20089910] |
|
GO:0097425
|
0 |
smooth endoplasmic reticulum part |
"Any constituent part of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (also called smooth ER, or SER)." [NIF_Subcellular:sao184202831] |
|
GO:0097427
|
0 |
microtubule bundle |
"An arrangement of closely apposed microtubules running parallel to each other." [NIF_Subcellular:sao1872343973] |
|
GO:0097431
|
0 |
mitotic spindle pole |
"Either of the ends of a mitotic spindle, a spindle that forms as part of mitosis, where spindle microtubules are organized; usually contains a microtubule organizing center and accessory molecules, spindle microtubules and astral microtubules." [GOC:vw] |
|
GO:0097436
|
0 |
entry into dormancy |
"The dormancy process that results in entry into dormancy. Dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated." [GOC:PO_curators, PO_REF:00009] |
|
GO:0097437
|
0 |
maintenance of dormancy |
"The dormancy process that results in an organism remaining in dormancy. Dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated." [GOC:PO_curators, PO_REF:00009] |
|
GO:0097438
|
0 |
exit from dormancy |
"The dormancy process that results in exit from dormancy. Dormancy (sometimes called a dormant state) is a suspension of most physiological activity and growth that can be reactivated." [GOC:PO_curators, PO_REF:00009] |
|
GO:0097446
|
0 |
protein localization to eisosome filament |
"A process in which a protein is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location in a eisosome filament (also called linear eisosome), a filamentous cortical structure formed, in S. pombe, by the eisosome component Pil1." [GOC:mah, GOC:vw, PMID:22869600, PMID:23722945] |
|
GO:0097447
|
0 |
dendritic tree |
"The entire complement of dendrites for a neuron, consisting of each primary dendrite and all its branches." [NIF_Subcellular:sao172297168] |
|
GO:0097453
|
0 |
mesaxon |
"Portion of the ensheathing process (either myelin or non-myelin) where the enveloping lips of the ensheathing cell come together so that their apposed plasma membranes run parallel to each other, separated by a cleft 12 nm wide." [ISBN:01950657191, NIF_Subcellular:sao2127666702] |
|
GO:0097454
|
0 |
Schwann cell microvillus |
"Small finger-like extension of a Schwann cell that contacts the nodal membrane." [NIF_Subcellular:sao1890444066, PMID:15988042] |
|
GO:0097455
|
0 |
spiny bracelet of Nageotte |
"Paranodal terminations of Schwann cells that do not directly contact the paranodal axon membrane. Usually found in thicker myelin." [NIF_Subcellular:sao937871668, PMID:15988042] |
|
GO:0097458
|
0 |
neuron part |
"Any constituent part of a neuron, the basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. A typical neuron consists of a cell body (often called the soma), an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system." [GOC:pr, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuron] |
|
GO:0097472
|
0 |
cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity |
"Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP. This reaction requires the binding of a regulatory cyclin subunit and full activity requires stimulatory phosphorylation by a CDK-activating kinase (CAK)." [GOC:pr] |
|
GO:0097504
|
0 |
Gemini of coiled bodies |
"Nuclear bodies frequently found near or associated with Cajal bodies (also called coiled bodies or CBs). Gemini of coiled bodies, or 'gems', are similar in size and shape to CBs, and often indistinguishable under the microscope. Unlike CBs, gems do not contain small nuclear ribonucleoproteins (snRNPs); they contain a protein called survivor of motor neurons (SMN) whose function relates to snRNP biogenesis. Gems are believed to assist CBs in snRNP biogenesis, and to play a role in the etiology of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA)." [GOC:pr, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cell_nucleus#Cajal_bodies_and_gems, PMID:11031238, PMID:9683623] |
|
GO:0097514
|
0 |
sexual spore wall |
"A specialized envelope lying outside the cell membrane of a spore derived from a product of meiosis." [GOC:cjm, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0097515
|
0 |
asexual spore wall |
"A specialized envelope lying outside the cell membrane of a spore derived from an asexual process. Examples of this process are found in bacterial and fungal species." [GOC:cjm, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0097516
|
0 |
microvillar actin bundle |
"A parallel bundle of actin filaments at the core of a microvillus." [GOC:cjm, GOC:mah] |
|
GO:0097517
|
0 |
contractile actin filament bundle |
"An actin filament bundle in which the filaments are loosely packed (approximately 30-60 nm apart) and arranged with opposing polarities; the loose packing allows myosin (usually myosin-II) to enter the bundle." [GOC:cjm, GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0097518
|
0 |
parallel actin filament bundle |
"An actin filament bundle in which the filaments are tightly packed (approximately 10-20 nm apart) and oriented with the same polarity." [GOC:cjm, GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] |
|
GO:0097527
|
0 |
necroptotic signaling pathway |
"A series of molecular signals which triggers the necroptotic death of a cell. The pathway starts with reception of a signal, is characterized by activation of receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 and/or 3 (RIPK1/3, also called RIP1/3), and ends when the execution phase of necroptosis is triggered." [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:20823910] |
|
GO:0097528
|
0 |
execution phase of necroptosis |
"A stage of the necroptotic process that starts after a necroptotic signal has been relayed to the execution machinery. Key steps of the execution phase are swelling of organelles, minor ultrastructural modifications of the nucleus (specifically, dilatation of the nuclear membrane and condensation of chromatin into small, irregular, circumscribed patches) and increased cell volume (oncosis), culminating in the disruption of the plasma membrane and subsequent loss of intracellular contents. The execution phase ends when the cell has died." [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:20823910] |
|
GO:0097534
|
0 |
lymphoid lineage cell migration |
"The orderly movement of a lymphoid lineage cell from one site to another. A lymphoid lineage cell, also called a lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell, is a progenitor cell restricted to the lymphoid lineage." [GOC:pr, PMID:22342843] |
|
GO:0097535
|
0 |
lymphoid lineage cell migration into thymus |
"The movement of a lymphoid lineage cell (also called a lymphoid lineage restricted progenitor cell) into the thymus. Lymphoid lineage cells enter and exit the thymus several times as part of this process." [GOC:cvs, PMID:22342843] |
|
GO:0097537
|
0 |
Y-shaped link |
"A Y-shaped protein complex in the ciliary transition zone that connects the cilium axoneme to the ciliary necklace. Both protein sorting and protein gating occur at this point in the cilium allowing some, but not all proteins to enter the cilium." [GOC:cilia, PMID:22653444, PMID:4554367] |
|
GO:0097543
|
0 |
ciliary inversin compartment |
"Proximal part of the ciliary shaft to which the inversin protein (also called Inv) specifically localizes. The inversin compartment appears to have a different protein composition than the rest of the cilium, although there is no structure that separates it form the distal part of the cilium." [GOC:cilia, PMID:19050042] |
|
GO:0097546
|
0 |
ciliary base |
"Area of the cilium (also called flagellum) where the basal body and the axoneme are anchored to the plasma membrane. The ciliary base encompasses the distal part of the basal body, transition fibers and transition zone and is structurally and functionally very distinct from the rest of the cilium. In this area proteins are sorted and filtered before entering the cilium, and many ciliary proteins localize specifically to this area." [GOC:cilia, PMID:22653444] |
|
GO:0097554
|
0 |
left anterior flagellum |
"A cilium (also called flagellum) found in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). It originates at the left anterior basal body, extends laterally through the cytoplasm, crosses the right anterior axoneme, and exits as a membrane-bound flagellum on the anterior left side of the cell." [GOC:giardia, ISBN:9780124260207, PMID:16607022, PMID:5961344] |
|
GO:0097555
|
0 |
right anterior flagellum |
"A cilium (also called flagellum) found in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). It originates at the right anterior basal body, extends laterally through the cytoplasm, crosses the left anterior axoneme, and exits as a membrane-bound flagellum on the anterior right side of the cell." [GOC:giardia, ISBN:9780124260207, PMID:16607022, PMID:5961344] |
|
GO:0097556
|
0 |
left posteriolateral flagellum |
"A cilium (also called flagellum) found in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). It is nucleated by the left posteriolateral basal body and extends cytoplasmically toward the cell posterior, marking the left anterior boundary of the lateral shield and the left lateral region of the funis before exiting at the left lateral region of the cell body." [GOC:giardia, ISBN:9780124260207, PMID:16607022, PMID:5961344] |
|
GO:0097557
|
0 |
right posteriolateral flagellum |
"A cilium (also called flagellum) found in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). It is nucleated by the right posteriolateral basal body and extends cytoplasmically toward the cell posterior, marking the right anterior boundary of the lateral shield and the right lateral region of the funis before exiting at the right lateral region of the cell body." [GOC:giardia, ISBN:9780124260207, PMID:16607022, PMID:5961344] |
|
GO:0097558
|
0 |
left ventral flagellum |
"A cilium (also called flagellum) found in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). It is nucleated by the left ventral basal body and exits the cell body proximally and dorsal to the ventral disc." [GOC:giardia, ISBN:9780124260207, PMID:16607022, PMID:5961344] |
|
GO:0097559
|
0 |
right ventral flagellum |
"A cilium (also called flagellum) found in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). It is nucleated by the right ventral basal body and exits the cell body proximally and dorsal to the ventral disc." [GOC:giardia, ISBN:9780124260207, PMID:16607022, PMID:5961344] |
|
GO:0097560
|
0 |
left caudal flagellum |
"A cilium (also called flagellum) found in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). It is nucleated by the left caudal basal body, extending cytoplasmically and exiting at the posterior end of the cell body." [GOC:giardia, ISBN:9780124260207, PMID:16607022, PMID:5961344] |
|
GO:0097561
|
0 |
right caudal flagellum |
"A cilium (also called flagellum) found in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). It is nucleated by the right caudal basal body, extending cytoplasmically and exiting at the posterior end of the cell body." [GOC:giardia, ISBN:9780124260207, PMID:16607022, PMID:5961344] |
|
GO:0097562
|
0 |
left lateral basal body pair |
"Set of two basal bodies found in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). It comprises the anterior and ventral basal bodies located to the right of the left nucleus of the trophozoite when viewed dorsally." [GOC:giardia, ISBN:9780124260207, PMID:16607022, PMID:5961344] |
|
GO:0097563
|
0 |
left middle basal body pair |
"Set of two basal bodies found in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). It comprises the caudal and posteriolateral basal bodies located to the right of the left nucleus of the trophozoite when viewed dorsally." [GOC:giardia, ISBN:9780124260207, PMID:16607022, PMID:5961344] |
|
GO:0097564
|
0 |
right lateral basal body pair |
"Set of two basal bodies found in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). It comprises the anterior and ventral basal bodies located to the left of the right nucleus of the trophozoite when viewed dorsally." [GOC:giardia, ISBN:9780124260207, PMID:16607022, PMID:5961344] |
|
GO:0097565
|
0 |
right middle basal body pair |
"Set of two basal bodies found in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). It comprises the caudal and posteriolateral basal bodies located to the left of the right nucleus of the trophozoite when viewed dorsally." [GOC:giardia, ISBN:9780124260207, PMID:16607022, PMID:5961344] |
|
GO:0097566
|
0 |
left tetrad |
"Set of four basal bodies found in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). It comprises the left lateral basal body pair and the left middle basal body pair (i.e. the anterior, ventral, caudal and posteriolateral basal bodies located to the right of the left nucleus of the trophozoite when viewed dorsally)." [GOC:giardia, ISBN:9780124260207, PMID:16607022, PMID:5961344] |
|
GO:0097567
|
0 |
right tetrad |
"Set of four basal bodies found in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). It comprises the right lateral basal body pair and the right middle basal body pair (i.e. the anterior, ventral, caudal and posteriolateral basal bodies located to the left of the right nucleus of the trophozoite when viewed dorsally)." [GOC:giardia, ISBN:9780124260207, PMID:16607022, PMID:5961344] |
|
GO:0097570
|
0 |
cyst wall |
"The specialized envelope lying outside the cell membrane of a cyst. A cyst is a resting or dormant stage of a microorganism, usually a bacterium or a protist or rarely an invertebrate animal, that helps the organism to survive in unfavorable environmental conditions. In protists such as protozoan parasites alternating cystic- and non-cystic stages, the cyst wall is usually composed of carbohydrates and proteins." [GOC:giardia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microbial_cyst, PMID:15134259, PMID:2026212] |
|
GO:0097574
|
0 |
lateral part of cell |
"The region of a polarized cell other than its tips or ends (in some cell types, one end may be called the apex and the other the base). For example, in a polarized epithelial cell, the lateral part includes the cell sides which interface adjacent cells." [GOC:pr] |
|
GO:0097587
|
0 |
MutLgamma complex |
"A heterodimer involved in the recognition of base-base and small insertion/deletion mismatches. In S. cerevisiae the complex consists of two subunits, Mlh1 and Mlh3." [GOC:jd, PMID:10570173] |
|
GO:0097589
|
0 |
archaeal-type flagellum |
"A non-membrane-bounded organelle superficially similar to a bacterial-type flagellum; they both consist of filaments extending outside the cell, and rotate to propel the cell, but the archaeal flagella (also called archaella) have a unique structure which lacks a central channel. Similar to bacterial type IV pilins, the archaeal flagellins (archaellins) are made with class 3 signal peptides and they are processed by a type IV prepilin peptidase-like enzyme. The archaellins are typically modified by the addition of N-linked glycans which are necessary for proper assembly and/or function." [GOC:cilia, GOC:krc, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flagellum#Archaeal, PMID:21265748, PMID:23146836, PMID:23204365, PMID:24330313] |
|
GO:0097590
|
0 |
archaeal-type flagellum-dependent cell motility |
"Cell motility due to the motion of one or more archaeal-type flagella. An archaeal-type flagellum (also called archaellum) is a non-membrane-bounded organelle superficially similar to a bacterial-type flagellum, but having a different molecular structure and lacking a central channel." [GOC:cilia, GOC:krc, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flagellum#Archaeal] |
|
GO:0097594
|
0 |
ventral disc dorsal microribbon |
"Trilaminar structure extending perpendicularly into the cytoplasm along the length of ventral disc microtubules in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). Constituents of dorsal microribbons (also called dorsal ribbons or microribbons) include alpha-coiled-helix proteins approximately 29 to 38 kDa in size. These proteins line the edges of the microribbons but are not found in microtubules. Tubulins are not found in microribbons." [GOC:giardia, PMID:11432808] |
|
GO:0097595
|
0 |
ventral disc crossbridge |
"Structure horizontally linking adjacent microribbons of the ventral disc in Giardia species (trophozoite stage). The composition of crossbridges is not fully known yet." [GOC:giardia] |
|
GO:0097596
|
0 |
ventral disc supernumerary microtubule array |
"A partial left-handed spiral array of microtubules that lies generally dorsal to the main ventral disc microtubule array in Giardia species (trophozoite stage)." [GOC:giardia, ISBN:9780124260207] |
|
GO:0097597
|
0 |
ventral disc |
"Specialized organelle found in Giardia species (trophozoite stage) and characterized by a spiral array of microtubules and microtubule-associated structures including dorsal microribbons and crossbridges. The edge of the ventral disc narrows into a lateral crest. The ventral disk mediates mechanical attachment of the trophozoite to the host's intestinal wall, and contains the contractile proteins actinin, alpha-actinin, myosin, and tropomyosin working towards contraction of the disk involved in adherence." [GOC:giardia, ISBN:9780124260207, PMID:11432808, PMID:4777416, PMID:5961344] |
|
GO:0097598
|
0 |
sperm cytoplasmic droplet |
"A small amount of cytoplasm surrounded by a cell membrane that is generally retained in spermatozoa after spermiogenesis, when the majority of the cytoplasm is phagocytosed by Sertoli cells to produce "residual bodies". Initially, the droplet is located at the neck just behind the head of an elongated spermatid. During epididymal transit, the cytoplasmic droplet migrates caudally to the annulus at the end of the midpiece; the exact position and time varies by species. The cytoplasmic droplet consists of lipids, lipoproteins, RNAs, a variety of hydrolytic enzymes, receptors, ion channels, and Golgi-derived vesicles. The droplet may be involved in regulatory volume loss (RVD) at ejaculation, and in most species, though not in humans, the cytoplasmic droplet is lost at ejaculation. Note that the cytoplasmic droplet is distinct from "excessive residual cytoplasm" that sometimes remains in epididymal spermatozoa, particularly when spermiogenesis has been disrupted." [GOC:krc, GOC:vesicles, PMID:12672117, PMID:21076437, PMID:23159014] |
|
GO:0097608
|
0 |
transverse flagellum |
"A motile cilium found in dinoflagellates. It coils around the cell and provides the forward thrust for motility. It is often contained in a furrow called the cingulum, and emerges from a flagellar pore located in the cingulum." [GOC:at, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinoflagellate#Morphology, http://tolweb.org/Dinoflagellates/2445, http://www.sms.si.edu/irlspec/Phyl_Dinofl_Glossary.htm, ISBN:0632009152] |
|
GO:0097609
|
0 |
longitudinal flagellum |
"A motile cilium found in dinoflagellates. It trails the cell and acts as a steering rudder. It is often partially contained in a furrow called the sulcus, and emerges from a flagellar pore located in the sulcus." [GOC:at, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinoflagellate#Morphology, http://tolweb.org/Dinoflagellates/2445, http://www.sms.si.edu/irlspec/Phyl_Dinofl_Glossary.htm, ISBN:0632009152] |
|
GO:0097612
|
0 |
dinoflagellate sulcus |
"A cell surface furrow that occurs on the ventral side of a dinoflagellate cell. It partially houses the longitudinal flagellum. The sulcus intersects with the cingulum on the ventral side of a dinoflagellate cell." [GOC:at, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinoflagellate#Morphology, http://tolweb.org/Dinoflagellates/2445, http://www.sms.si.edu/irlspec/Phyl_Dinofl_Glossary.htm, ISBN:0632009152] |
|
GO:0097615
|
0 |
modulation by host of symbiont type IV pilus-dependent motility |
"The process in which an organism effects a change in the type IV pilus-dependent motility of a symbiont organism (i.e. the controlled movement of a bacterial cell which is dependent on the presence of type IV pili, and which includes social gliding motility and twitching motility). The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:als, PMID:12037568] |
|
GO:0097616
|
0 |
positive regulation by host of symbiont type IV pilus-dependent motility |
"Any process in which an organism activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the type IV pilus-dependent motility of a symbiont organism (i.e. the controlled movement of a bacterial cell which is dependent on the presence of type IV pili, and which includes social gliding motility and twitching motility). The symbiont is defined as the smaller of the organisms involved in a symbiotic interaction." [GOC:als, PMID:12037568] |
|
GO:0097618
|
0 |
dinoflagellate sulcal notch |
"A dinoflagellate sulcus that extends all the way to the posterior end of the cell (also known as antapex). The presence of a sulcal notch makes the dinoflagellate hypocone appear bilobed." [GOC:at, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinoflagellate#Morphology, http://tolweb.org/Dinoflagellates/2445, http://www.sms.si.edu/irlspec/Phyl_Dinofl_Glossary.htm, ISBN:0632009152] |
|
GO:0097649
|
0 |
A axonemal microtubule |
"A complete microtubule with 13 protofilaments that fuses with an incomplete microtubule called B tubule (containing 10 protofilaments only) to form an axonemal outer doublet. Inner and outer dynein arms, as well as the radial spoke, are attached to the A tubule." [GOC:cilia, ISBN:0716731363] |
|
GO:0097650
|
0 |
B axonemal microtubule |
"An incomplete microtubule containing 10 protofilaments that fuses with a complete microtubule called A tubule (containing 13 protofilaments) to form an axonemal outer doublet." [GOC:cilia, ISBN:0716731363] |
|
GO:0097678
|
0 |
SOCS family protein binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any member of the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) family of proteins. SOCS represent an important mechanism to extinguish cytokine and growth factor receptor signaling. Individual SOCS proteins are typically induced by specific cytokines and growth factors, thereby generating a negative feedback loop. SOCS proteins have important functions in development and homeostasis, and in disease, particularly tumor suppression and anti-inflammatory functions." [GOC:mr, InterPro:IPR028413, PMID:23885323, PMID:24705897] |
|
GO:0097685
|
0 |
dinoflagellate apical groove |
"A cell surface furrow (or groove) found on a dinoflagellate apex. It typically loops around the apex." [GOC:at, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinoflagellate#Morphology, http://tolweb.org/Dinoflagellates/2445, http://www.sms.si.edu/irlspec/Phyl_Dinofl_Glossary.htm, ISBN:0632009152] |
|
GO:0097691
|
0 |
bacterial extracellular vesicle |
"Small membrane vesicle (< 1 um) that buds off a prokaryotic cell plasma membrane, able to carry proteins, phospholipids, lipopolysaccharides, nucleic acids, viruses, and more. Important in intercellular communication and pathogenesis; can exist within host cells." [GOC:aa, PMID:25704309] |
|
GO:0097707
|
0 |
ferroptosis |
"A programmed cell death characterized morphologically by the presence of smaller than normal mitochondria with condensed mitochondrial membrane densities, reduction or vanishing of mitochondria crista, and outer mitochondrial membrane rupture. Activation of mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channels and mitogen-activated protein kinases, upregulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress, and inhibition of cystine/glutamate antiporter are involved in the induction of ferroptosis. This process is characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxidation products and lethal reactive oxygen species (ROS) derived from iron metabolism. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), heat shock protein beta-1, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 function as negative regulators of ferroptosis by limiting ROS production and reducing cellular iron uptake, respectively. In contrast, NADPH oxidase and p53 act as positive regulators of ferroptosis by promotion of ROS production and inhibition of expression of SLC7A11 (a specific light-chain subunit of the cystine/glutamate antiporter), respectively. Misregulated ferroptosis has been implicated in multiple physiological and pathological processes." [GOC:mtg_apoptosis, PMID:25236395, PMID:26794443] |
|
GO:0098001
|
0 |
receptor-mediated bacteriophage reversible attachment to host cell |
"Process by which a bacteriophage, using its tail fibers, spikes or a baseplate component, initially recognizes and binds to its specific receptor on the host cell surface. This process is reversible and allows the release of a bacteriophage without affecting infection." [GOC:bm, phi:0000005] |
|
GO:0098002
|
0 |
receptor-mediated bacteriophage irreversible attachment to host cell |
"The processes by which a bacteriophage initially commits to infection by binding the host receptor irreversibly. Disruption of the phage:cell complex at this step results in the loss of infective phage virions since the process is characterized by conformational changes of bacteriophage head and tail proteins and injection of bacteriophage proteins into the infected cell." [GOC:bm, phi:0000006] |
|
GO:0098009
|
0 |
virus terminase, large subunit |
"The part of the viral terminase complex that contains the translocase activity. The large subunit typically comprises a pentameric protein complex." [GOC:bm, PHI:0000073] |
|
GO:0098021
|
0 |
viral capsid, decoration |
"Component of the virus capsid (head), located on the outer head surface. Involved in the stabilization of the head structure and usually non-essential." [GOC:bm, PHI:0000069] |
|
GO:0098031
|
0 |
icosahedral viral capsid, collar |
"A small disk located at the base of some icosahedral virus capsids." [GOC:bm, PHI:0000206, PHI:0000308] |
|
GO:0098046
|
0 |
type V protein secretion system complex |
"A complex of proteins that permits the translocation of proteins across the outer membrane via a transmembrane pore, formed by a beta-barrel, into the extracellular milieu or directly into host cells; the secreted proteins contain all the information required for translocation of an effector molecule through the cell envelope. The type V secretion systems includes the autotransporters (type Va), the two-partner secretion system (type Vb) and the Oca family (type Vc)." [GOC:bf, GOC:bm, PMID:15119822, PMID:15590781] |
|
GO:0098061
|
0 |
viral capsid, internal space |
"The region of a virus contained within the capsid shell, and usually containing the viral genome and accessory proteins." [GOC:bm] |
|
GO:0098567
|
0 |
periplasmic side of plasma membrane |
"The side (leaflet) of a plasma membrane that faces the periplasm, and all proteins embedded in it or attached to its surface." [GOC:dos] |
|
GO:0098569
|
0 |
internal side of mycolate outer membrane |
"The side of the mycolate outer membrane that faces the cell wall peptidoglycan. It is rich in long-chain mycolic acids (hydroxylated branched-chain fatty acids) that are covalently linked to the cell wall peptidoglycan via an arabinogalactan network." [GOC:dos, PMID:18316738, PMID:18567661] |
|
GO:0098593
|
0 |
goblet cell theca |
"A cup shaped specialization of the cytoskeleton that forms a thin layer located just below the apical mass of mature mucin secretory granules in the cytoplasm of goblet cells of the intestinal epithelium. It consists of an orderly network of intermediate filaments and microtubules. Microtubules are arranged vertically, like barrel staves, along the inner aspect of the theta. Intermediate filaments form two networks: an inner, basketlike network and an outer series of circumferential bundles resembling the hoops of a barrel." [PMID:6541604] |
|
GO:0098611
|
0 |
cell-cell adhesion involved in galactose-specific flocculation |
"Cell-cell adhesion between two single-celled organisms, during flocculation, mediated via the binding of cell wall proteins on one cell to galactose residues on the other." [GOC:dos, PMID:22098069] |
|
GO:0098612
|
0 |
cell-cell adhesion involved in mannose-specific flocculation |
"Cell-cell adhesion between two single-celled organisms, during flocculation, mediated via the binding of cell wall proteins on one cell to mannose residues on the other." [GOC:dos, PMID:22098069] |
|
GO:0098652
|
0 |
collagen type VII anchoring fibril |
"An antiparallel dimer of two collagen VII trimers, one end of which is embedded in the lamina densa while the other end attaches to banded collagen fibrils in the dermis." [PMID:19693541] |
|
GO:0098730
|
0 |
male germline stem cell symmetric division |
"The symmetric division of a male germline stem cell to produce two male germline stem cells. An example of this is found in mammalian spermatogonial stem cells, some proportion of which divide symmetrically, so amplifying the population. The choice between asymmetric and symmetric division in this case appears to be internal and stochastic." [GOC:dos, PMID:19948499] |
|
GO:0098741
|
0 |
adhesion between unicellular organisms via cell-wall interaction |
"The attachment of two unicellular organisms to each other via interaction between cell-wall components." [GOC:dos] |
|
GO:0098742
|
17 |
cell-cell adhesion via plasma-membrane adhesion molecules |
"The attachment of one cell to another cell via adhesion molecules that are at least partially embedded in the plasma membrane." [GOC:dos] |
|
GO:0098743
|
0 |
cell aggregation |
"The clustering together and adhesion of initially separate cells to form an aggregate. Examples include the clustering of unicellular organisms or blood cells in suspension and the condensation of mesenchymal cells during cartilage formation." [GOC:dos] |
|
GO:0098746
|
0 |
fast, calcium ion-dependent exocytosis of neurotransmitter |
"The fast, initial phase of calcium ion-induced neurotransmitter release, via exocytosis, into the synaptic cleft. This depends on low affinity calcium sensors and typically begins a fraction of a millisecond after Ca2+ influx, and decays rapidly (1-10ms) with a decay constant of around 5-10ms. The underlying molecular mechanisms of this process are distinct from those of the later, slow phase of release." [GOC:dos, GOC:pad, GOC:PARL, PMID:4405553, PMID:7809151, PMID:7954835] |
|
GO:0098747
|
0 |
slow, calcium ion-dependent exocytosis of neurotransmitter |
"The slow, second phase of calcium ion-induced neurotransmitter release, via exocytosis, into the synaptic cleft. This depends on high affinity calcium sensors and decays slowly, typically with a decay constant of over 100ms. The underlying molecular mechanisms of this process are distinct from those of the earlier, fast phase of release." [GOC:dos, GOC:pad, GOC:parl, PMID:7809151, PMID:7954835] |
|
GO:0098769
|
0 |
TIMP family protein binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any member of the Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) family. TIMPs are endogenous protein regulators of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) family" [PMID:22078297] |
|
GO:0098782
|
0 |
mechanically-gated potassium channel activity |
"Enables the transmembrane transfer of a potassium ion by a channel that opens in response to a mechanical stress." [PMID:22282805, PMID:25471887, PMID:25500157] |
|
GO:0098805
|
0 |
whole membrane |
"Any lipid bilayer that completely encloses some structure, and all the proteins embedded in it or attached to it. Examples include the plasma membrane and most organelle membranes." [GOC:dos] |
|
GO:0098813
|
206 |
nuclear chromosome segregation |
"The process in which genetic material, in the form of nuclear chromosomes, is organized into specific structures and then physically separated and apportioned to two or more sets. Nuclear chromosome segregation begins with the condensation of chromosomes, includes chromosome separation, and ends when chromosomes have completed movement to the spindle poles." [GOC:dos] |
|
GO:0098829
|
0 |
intestinal folate absorption |
"Uptake of folic into the blood by absorption from the small intestine." [GOC:BHF, GOC:dos, GOC:hal, PMID:19762432] |
|
GO:0098833
|
0 |
presynaptic endocytic zone |
"A specialized region of the plasma membrane and underlying cytoplasm which surround the the active zone, into which synaptic vesicle membranes are recycled following exocytosis. It is especially enriched in endocytic proteins following intense activity." [PMID:17455288] |
|
GO:0098836
|
0 |
cytoskeleton of dendritic spine |
"The portion of the cytoskeleton that lies within a dendritic spine. The actin component of this cytoskeleton is involved in spine head remodelling in response to postsynaptic signalling." [PMID:24854120] |
|
GO:0098837
|
0 |
postsynaptic recycling endosome |
"A recycling endosome of the postsynapse. In postsynaptic terminals with dendritic spines, it is typically located at the base of a dendritic spine. It is involved in recycling of neurotransmitter receptors to the postsynaptic membrane. In some cases at least, this recycling is activated by postsynaptic signalling and so can play a role in long term potentiation." [PMID:20820847] |
|
GO:0098843
|
0 |
postsynaptic endocytic zone |
"A stably positioned site of clathrin adjacent and physically attached to the postsynaptic density, which is the site of endocytosis of post-synaptic proteins." [PMID:17880892] |
|
GO:0098845
|
0 |
postsynaptic endosome |
"An endosomal compartment that is part of the post-synapse. Only early and recycling endosomes are typically present in the postsynapse." [PMID:20820847] |
|
GO:0098861
|
0 |
actin filament bundle of filopodium |
"A parallel bundle of actin filaments that is part of filopodium. Filaments are oriented such that the plus (barbed) ends are at the tip of the protrusion, capped by a tip complex." [PMID:12566431] |
|
GO:0098864
|
0 |
modification by symbiont of host occluding cell-cell junction |
"The process in which a symbiont organism effects a change in the structure or function of its host occluding junction, a cell-cell junction that seals cells together in an epithelium in a way that prevents even small molecules from leaking from one side of the sheet to the other." [PMID:24287273] |
|
GO:0098870
|
0 |
action potential propagation |
"The propagation of an action potential along the plane of an excitable membrane. Action potentials typically propagate once triggered because the depolarization of adjacent membrane regions due to an action potential crosses the firing threshold." [GOC:dos] |
|
GO:0098873
|
0 |
neuronal action potential back-propagation |
"Propagation of an action potential in a neuron, from its site of initiation (typically the axon hillock) towards the soma." [GOC:dos] |
|
GO:0098900
|
3 |
regulation of action potential |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels." [GOC:dos, GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb, ISBN:978-0-07-139011-8] |
|
GO:0098901
|
0 |
regulation of cardiac muscle cell action potential |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in a cardiac muscle cell. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels." [GOC:dos] |
|
GO:0098904
|
0 |
regulation of AV node cell action potential |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in an atrioventricular node myocyte. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11] |
|
GO:0098905
|
0 |
regulation of bundle of His cell action potential |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in a cardiac muscle cell of the bundle of His. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11] |
|
GO:0098906
|
0 |
regulation of Purkinje myocyte action potential |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in a Purkinje myocyte. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11] |
|
GO:0098907
|
0 |
regulation of SA node cell action potential |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in an SA node cardiac myocyte. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11] |
|
GO:0098908
|
1 |
regulation of neuronal action potential |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in a neuron. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels." [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] |
|
GO:0098910
|
0 |
regulation of atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in an atrial cardiac muscle cell contributing to the regulation of its contraction. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11] |
|
GO:0098911
|
0 |
regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of action potential creation, propagation or termination in a ventricular cardiac muscle cell contributing to the regulation of its contraction. This typically occurs via modulation of the activity or expression of voltage-gated ion channels." [GOC:BHF, GOC:mtg_cardiac_conduct_nov11] |
|
GO:0099523
|
0 |
presynaptic cytosol |
"The region of the cytosol consisting of all cytosol that is part of the presynapse." [GOC:dos] |
|
GO:0099524
|
0 |
postsynaptic cytosol |
"The region of the cytosol consisting of all cytosol that is part of the postsynapse." [GOC:dos] |
|
GO:0099550
|
0 |
trans-synaptic signalling, modulating synaptic transmission |
"Cell-cell signaling between presynapse and postsynapse, across the synaptic cleft, that modulates the synaptic transmission properties of the synapse." [GOC:dos] |
|
GO:0099560
|
0 |
synaptic membrane adhesion |
"The attachment of presynaptic membrane to postsynaptic membrane via adhesion molecules that are at least partially embedded in the plasma membrane." [GOC:dos] |
|
GO:0099572
|
0 |
postsynaptic specialization |
"A dense network of proteins, adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane, consisting of anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components that spatially and functionally organize the neurotransmitter receptors at the synapse. " [PMID:22046028] |
|
GO:0099606
|
0 |
microtubule plus-end directed mitotic chromosome migration |
"The cell cycle process in which chromosomes that are laterally attached to one or more mitotic spindle microtubules migrate towards the spindle equator via plus-end-directed movement along the microtubules. This process is part of mitotic metaphase plate congression." [GOC:dos, PMID:26258632, PMID:26705896] |
|
GO:0099607
|
0 |
lateral attachment of mitotic spindle microtubules to kinetochore |
"The cell cycle process in which sister chromatids become laterally attached to spindle microtubules as part of mitotic metaphase plate congression. Attachment precedes migration along microtubules towards the spindle equator (metaphase plate)." [PMID:26258632, PMID:26705896] |
|
GO:0099610
|
0 |
action potential initiation |
"The initiating cycle of an action potential. In vertebrate neurons this typically occurs at an axon hillock. Not all initiated axon potentials propagate." [ISBN:978-0071390118, PMID:19439602] |
|
GO:0099613
|
0 |
protein targeting to cell wall |
"The process of directing proteins towards the cell-wall." [ISBN:0716731363] |
|
GO:0099614
|
0 |
protein targeting to spore cell wall |
"The process of directing proteins towards the spore cell-wall." [GOC:dos] |
|
GO:0099628
|
0 |
neurotransmitter receptor diffusion trapping |
"The process by which diffusing neurotransmitter receptor becomes trapped at the postsynaptic speicalization membrane. This is typically due to interaction with components of the post-specialization." [PMID:18832033] |
|
GO:0099629
|
0 |
postsynaptic specialization of inhibitory synapse |
"A network of proteins, adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane of an inhibitory synapse, consisting of anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components that spatially and functionally organize the neurotransmitter receptors at the synapse. This structure is not as thick or electron dense as the postsynaptic densities found in excitatory synapses." [PMID:18832033] |
|
GO:0100033
|
0 |
regulation of fungal-type cell wall biogenesis by transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter |
"Any transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter process that regulates fungal-type cell wall biogenesis" [GOC:cjm, GOC:obol] |
|
GO:0100054
|
0 |
positive regulation of flocculation via cell wall protein-carbohydrate interaction by transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter |
"Any transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter process that positively_regulates flocculation via cell wall protein-carbohydrate interaction" [GOC:cjm, GOC:obol] |
|
GO:0101007
|
0 |
negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter in response to salt stress |
"Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under salt stress. The stress is usually an increase or decrease in the concentration of salt (particularly but not exclusively sodium and chloride ions) in the environment." [GOC:mec] |
|
GO:0101013
|
0 |
mechanically-modulated voltage-gated sodium channel activity |
"Enables the transmembrane transfer of a sodium ion by a voltage-gated channel whose activity is modulated in response to mechanical stress. Response to mechanical stress and voltage gating together is different than the sum of individual responses. A voltage-gated channel is a channel whose open state is dependent on the voltage across the membrane in which it is embedded." [PMID:21041530, PMID:26838316] |
|
GO:0102004
|
0 |
2-octaprenyl-6-hydroxyphenol methylase activity |
"Catalysis of the reaction: 3-(all-trans-octaprenyl)benzene-1,2-diol + S-adenosyl-L-methionine <=> H+ + 2-methoxy-6-(all-trans-octaprenyl)phenol + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine." [EC:2.1.1.222] |
|
GO:1900415
|
0 |
regulation of fungal-type cell wall biogenesis by regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter |
"A regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter that results in regulation of fungal-type cell wall biogenesis." [GOC:mah, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:15509866] |
|
GO:1900455
|
0 |
regulation of flocculation via cell wall protein-carbohydrate interaction |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of flocculation via cell wall protein-carbohydrate interaction." [GOC:dgf, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:10591965, PMID:15466424, PMID:16568252] |
|
GO:1900479
|
0 |
positive regulation of flocculation via cell wall protein-carbohydrate interaction |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of flocculation via cell wall protein-carbohydrate interaction." [GOC:dgf, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:10591965, PMID:15466424, PMID:16568252] |
|
GO:1900524
|
0 |
positive regulation of flocculation via cell wall protein-carbohydrate interaction by positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of flocculation via cell wall protein-carbohydrate interaction process by activating or increasing the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter." [GOC:dgf, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:10591965, PMID:15466424, PMID:16568252] |
|
GO:1900871
|
0 |
chloroplast mRNA modification |
"The covalent alteration within the chloroplast of one or more nucleotides within an mRNA to produce an mRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:1653905] |
|
GO:1901245
|
0 |
positive regulation of toll-like receptor 9 signaling pathway by B cell receptor internalization |
"The movement of a B cell receptor (BCR) from the plasma membrane to the inside of the cell, which results in positive regulation of toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) signaling. For example, internalized BCR signals to recruit TLR9 from multiple small endosomes to large autophagosome-like compartments to enhance TLR9 signaling." [GOC:amm, GOC:bf, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:18513998] |
|
GO:1901347
|
0 |
negative regulation of secondary cell wall biogenesis |
"Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of secondary cell wall biogenesis." [GOC:TermGenie] |
|
GO:1901348
|
0 |
positive regulation of secondary cell wall biogenesis |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of secondary cell wall biogenesis." [GOC:TermGenie] |
|
GO:1901589
|
0 |
axon microtubule bundle |
"An arrangement of closely apposed microtubules running parallel to each other in the axon hillock and initial segment." [GOC:TermGenie, NIF_Subcellular:sao707332678] |
|
GO:1901680
|
0 |
sulfur-containing amino acid secondary active transmembrane transporter activity |
"Catalysis of the transfer of sulfur-containing amino acid from one side of the membrane to the other, up its concentration gradient. The transporter binds the solute and undergoes a series of conformational changes. Transport works equally well in either direction and is driven by a chemiosmotic source of energy. Chemiosmotic sources of energy include uniport, symport or antiport." [GOC:pr, GOC:TermGenie] |
|
GO:1901831
|
0 |
all-trans-neoxanthin metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving all-trans-neoxanthin." [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf, MetaCyc:PWY-6809, PMID:11029576, UniPathway:UPA00388] |
|
GO:1901832
|
0 |
all-trans-neoxanthin catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of all-trans-neoxanthin." [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf, MetaCyc:PWY-6809, PMID:11029576, UniPathway:UPA00388] |
|
GO:1901833
|
0 |
all-trans-neoxanthin biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of all-trans-neoxanthin." [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:yaf, MetaCyc:PWY-6809, PMID:11029576, UniPathway:UPA00388] |
|
GO:1902066
|
0 |
regulation of cell wall pectin metabolic process |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell wall pectin metabolic process." [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23453954] |
|
GO:1902088
|
0 |
plant-type cell wall loosening involved in abscission |
"Any plant-type cell wall loosening that is involved in abscission." [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23479623] |
|
GO:1902089
|
0 |
cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process involved in lateral root development |
"Any cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process that is involved in lateral root development." [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23479623] |
|
GO:1902098
|
0 |
calcitriol binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with calcitriol. Calcitriol (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol) is the hormonally active form of vitamin D3." [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:21872797, Wikipedia:Calcitriol_receptor] |
|
GO:1902360
|
0 |
conversion of ds siRNA to ss siRNA involved in chromatin silencing by small RNA |
"Any conversion of ds siRNA to ss siRNA that is involved in chromatin silencing by small RNA." [GOC:TermGenie, GOC:vw, PMID:19239886] |
|
GO:1902695
|
0 |
metallochaperone complex |
"A protein complex which is capable of metallochaperone activity." [GO_REF:0000088, GOC:bhm, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:10426947] |
|
GO:1902711
|
0 |
GABA-A receptor complex |
"A protein complex which is capable of GABA-A receptor activity. In human, it is usually composed of either two alpha, two beta and one gamma chain of the GABA-A receptor subunits or 5 chains of the GABA-A receptor subunits rho1-3 (formally known as GABA-C receptor)." [GO_REF:0000088, GOC:bhm, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:18790874] |
|
GO:1902712
|
0 |
G-protein coupled GABA receptor complex |
"A protein complex which is capable of G-protein coupled GABA receptor activity. In human, it is usually a heterodimer composed of GABA-B receptor subunits 1 and 2." [GO_REF:0000088, GOC:bhm, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:18790874] |
|
GO:1902737
|
0 |
dendritic filopodium |
"A small, membranous protrusion found primarily on dendritic stretches of developing neurons. May receive synaptic input, and can develop into dendritic spines." [GO_REF:0000064, GOC:pad, GOC:PARL, GOC:TermGenie, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendritic_filopodia, PMID:24464040] |
|
GO:1902945
|
0 |
metalloendopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process |
"Any metalloendopeptidase activity that is involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process." [GO_REF:0000061, GOC:sjp, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:14598310, PMID:17855360] |
|
GO:1902962
|
0 |
regulation of metalloendopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of metalloendopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process." [GO_REF:0000059, GOC:sjp, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:18362153] |
|
GO:1902963
|
0 |
negative regulation of metalloendopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process |
"Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of metalloendopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process." [GO_REF:0000059, GOC:sjp, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:18362153] |
|
GO:1902964
|
0 |
positive regulation of metalloendopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of metalloendopeptidase activity involved in amyloid precursor protein catabolic process." [GO_REF:0000059, GOC:sjp, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:18362153] |
|
GO:1903137
|
0 |
regulation of MAPK cascade involved in cell wall organization or biogenesis |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of MAPK cascade involved in cell wall organization or biogenesis." [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23934882] |
|
GO:1903138
|
0 |
negative regulation of MAPK cascade involved in cell wall organization or biogenesis |
"Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of MAPK cascade involved in cell wall organization or biogenesis." [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23934882] |
|
GO:1903139
|
0 |
positive regulation of MAPK cascade involved in cell wall organization or biogenesis |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of MAPK cascade involved in cell wall organization or biogenesis." [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23934882] |
|
GO:1903143
|
0 |
adrenomedullin receptor complex |
"A transmembrane, G-protein-coupled signalling receptor complex which is capable of adrenomedullin receptor activity." [GO_REF:0000088, GOC:bhm, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22102369] |
|
GO:1903320
|
27 |
regulation of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal." [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:1903321
|
9 |
negative regulation of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal |
"Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal." [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:1903322
|
10 |
positive regulation of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein modification by small protein conjugation or removal." [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:1903338
|
0 |
regulation of cell wall organization or biogenesis |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell wall organization or biogenesis." [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:1903339
|
0 |
negative regulation of cell wall organization or biogenesis |
"Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell wall organization or biogenesis." [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:1903340
|
0 |
positive regulation of cell wall organization or biogenesis |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell wall organization or biogenesis." [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:1903728
|
0 |
luteal cell differentiation |
"The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a luteal cell. Large luteal cells develop from granulosa cells. Small luteal cells develop from theca cells." [GO_REF:0000086, GOC:TermGenie, MP:0001133] |
|
GO:1904347
|
0 |
regulation of small intestine smooth muscle contraction |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of small intestine smooth muscle contraction." [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:11991626] |
|
GO:1904348
|
0 |
negative regulation of small intestine smooth muscle contraction |
"Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of small intestine smooth muscle contraction." [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:11991626] |
|
GO:1904349
|
0 |
positive regulation of small intestine smooth muscle contraction |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of small intestine smooth muscle contraction." [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:11991626] |
|
GO:1904385
|
0 |
cellular response to angiotensin |
""Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an angiotensin stimulus. Angiotensin is any of three physiologically active peptides (angiotensin II, III, or IV) processed from angiotensinogen."" [GO_REF:0000071, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22982863] |
|
GO:1904464
|
0 |
regulation of matrix metallopeptidase secretion |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of matrix metallopeptidase secretion." [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:8679543] |
|
GO:1904465
|
0 |
negative regulation of matrix metallopeptidase secretion |
"Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of matrix metallopeptidase secretion." [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:8679543] |
|
GO:1904466
|
0 |
positive regulation of matrix metallopeptidase secretion |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of matrix metallopeptidase secretion." [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:8679543] |
|
GO:1904541
|
0 |
fungal-type cell wall disassembly involved in conjugation with cellular fusion |
"Any fungal-type cell wall disassembly that is involved in conjugation with cellular fusion." [GO_REF:0000060, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:25825517] |
|
GO:1904683
|
0 |
regulation of metalloendopeptidase activity |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of metalloendopeptidase activity." [GO_REF:0000059, GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:18591254] |
|
GO:1904684
|
0 |
negative regulation of metalloendopeptidase activity |
"Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of metalloendopeptidase activity." [GO_REF:0000059, GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:18591254] |
|
GO:1904685
|
0 |
positive regulation of metalloendopeptidase activity |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of metalloendopeptidase activity." [GO_REF:0000059, GOC:BHF, GOC:BHF_miRNA, GOC:rph, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:18591254] |
|
GO:1904768
|
0 |
all-trans-retinol binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with all-trans-retinol." [GO_REF:0000067, GOC:kmv, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:19828452] |
|
GO:1904853
|
0 |
protein localization to ascospore wall |
"A process in which a protein is transported to, or maintained in, a location within an ascospore wall." [GO_REF:0000087, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:24623719] |
|
GO:1904977
|
0 |
lymphatic endothelial cell migration |
"The orderly movement of a lymphatic endothelial cell from one site to another in the wall of a lymphatic vessel." [GO_REF:0000091, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:25745057] |
|
GO:1905049
|
0 |
negative regulation of metallopeptidase activity |
"Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of metallopeptidase activity." [GO_REF:0000059, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:26473732] |
|
GO:1905048
|
0 |
regulation of metallopeptidase activity |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of metallopeptidase activity." [GO_REF:0000059, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:26473732] |
|
GO:1905050
|
0 |
positive regulation of metallopeptidase activity |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of metallopeptidase activity." [GO_REF:0000059, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:26473732] |
|
GO:1905069
|
0 |
allantois development |
"The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an allantois over time, from its formation to the mature structure." [GO_REF:0000094, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:17440924, PMID:21470579] |
|
GO:1990005
|
0 |
granular vesicle |
"A cytoplasmic membrane-bounded vesicle of varying size, but usually larger than 45 nm, with an electron dense granular core, found in noradrenergic and peptidergic cells." [NIF_Subcellular:sao478230652] |
|
GO:1990007
|
0 |
membrane stack |
"A configuration of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) found in Purkinje cells in the cerebellum and in axons in the lateral vestibular nucleus, consisting of parallel and interconnecting tubules whose outer surfaces are covered by particles or ringlike structures." [ISBN:01950657191, NIF_Subcellular:sao2114874506] |
|
GO:1990018
|
0 |
tail portion of tanycyte |
"Elongated process of a tanycyte, devoid of cytoplasmic extensions, that courses through the hypothalamic nuclei to form small endfoot processes that terminate either on blood vessels or at the pial surface of the brain. A tanycyte is a specialized elongated ventricular ependymal cell." [ISBN:01950657191, NIF_Subcellular:sao1749953771] |
|
GO:1990023
|
0 |
mitotic spindle midzone |
"The area in the center of the anaphase spindle consisting of microtubules, microtubule bundling factors and kinesin motors where the spindle microtubules from opposite poles overlap in an antiparallel manner." [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle, GOC:vw] |
|
GO:1990032
|
0 |
parallel fiber |
"A parallel fiber results from the bifurcation of a cerebellar granule cell axon in the molecular layer into two diametrically opposed branches, that are oriented parallel to the long axis of the folium." [ISBN:0195159551, NIF_Subcellular:nlx_330] |
|
GO:1990039
|
0 |
hypolemmal cisterna |
"Specialized part of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum that closely underlies the plasma membrane, usually within 60 nm or closer." [ISBN:0195065719, NIF_Subcellular:sao1634374950] |
|
GO:1990056
|
0 |
obsolete protein kinase activity required for targeting substrate to proteasomal ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process |
"OBSOLETE. Catalysis of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a substrate protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP, thereby targeting the substrate to the proteasomal ubiquitin mediated protein catabolic process" [PMID:21098119, PMID:21993622, PMID:23264631] |
|
GO:1990070
|
0 |
TRAPPI protein complex |
"A complex that tethers COPII vesicles at ER-Golgi intermediate compartment. Its role in this part of the vesicular transport may start at the ER exit sites. Binds to a component of the COPII coat. In yeast it includes the following subunits: Bet3 (as homodimer), Bet5, Trs20, Trs23, Trs31, Trs33 which are regarded as the "core subunits" of all TRAPP complexes in yeast." [GOC:bhm, PMID:20375281, PMID:22669257] |
|
GO:1990073
|
0 |
perforation plate |
"A cell wall part that is the part of a wall of a vessel member and bears one or more openings (perforations)." [GOC:PO_curators, ISBN:0471245194] |
|
GO:1990076
|
0 |
cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process involved in abscission |
"Any cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process that is involved in abscission." [GOC:TermGenie, PMID:23479623] |
|
GO:1990077
|
0 |
primosome complex |
"Any of a family of protein complexes that form at the origin of replication or stalled replication forks and function in replication primer synthesis in all organisms. Early complexes initiate double-stranded DNA unwinding. The core unit consists of a replicative helicase and a primase. The helicase further unwinds the DNA and recruits the polymerase machinery. The primase synthesizes RNA primers that act as templates for complementary stand replication by the polymerase machinery. The primosome contains a number of associated proteins and protein complexes and contributes to the processes of replication initiation, lagging strand elongation, and replication restart." [GOC:bhm, GOC:mah, PMID:21856207] |
|
GO:1990091
|
0 |
sodium-dependent self proteolysis |
"The sodium-dependent hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their own peptide bonds." [PMID:20460380] |
|
GO:1990092
|
0 |
calcium-dependent self proteolysis |
"The sodium-dependent hydrolysis of proteins into smaller polypeptides and/or amino acids by cleavage of their own peptide bonds." [PMID:20460380] |
|
GO:1990110
|
0 |
callus formation |
"The process by which a callus is formed at a wound site. A plant callus is a portion of plant tissue that consists of mass of undifferentiated plant cells. It consists primarily of parenchyma cells but possibly contains other cell types as the callus begins to differentiate." [ISBN:0070187517] |
|
GO:1990111
|
0 |
spermatoproteasome complex |
"A proteasome specifically found in mammalian testis. Contains the proteasome activator PA200 in the regulatory particle, and beta1i, beta2i, beta5i and/or alpha4s in the core (20S) subunit. Beta1i, beta2i and beta5i are inducible catalytic subunits, closely related to beta1, beta2 and beta5. Alpha4s is a sperm-specific 20S subunit, but unlike other alternative 20S subunits alpha4s lies in the outer alpha-ring and lacks catalytic activity." [GOC:sp, PMID:23706739] |
|
GO:1990112
|
0 |
RQC complex |
"A multiprotein complex that forms a stable complex with 60S ribosomal subunits containing stalled polypeptides and triggers their degradation (ribosomal quality control). In budding yeast, this complex includes Cdc48p, Rkr1p, Tae2p, Rqc1p, Npl4p and Ufd1p proteins." [GOC:rb, PMID:23178123, PMID:23232563] |
|
GO:1990116
|
0 |
ribosome-associated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide encoded by an aberrant message and associated with a stalled ribosome. Degradation is initiated by the covalent attachment of a ubiquitin group, or multiple ubiquitin groups, to the ribosome-associated protein." [GOC:dgf, PMID:23358411] |
|
GO:1990129
|
0 |
obsolete pre-primosome complex involved in replication restart |
"OBSOLETE. A protein-DNA complex involved in replication restart after a stalled replication fork has been repaired." [GOC:bhm, PMID:17139333] |
|
GO:1990158
|
0 |
DnaB-DnaC-DnaT-PriA-PriB complex |
"A protein-DNA complex consisting of the helicase loading complex DnaB-DnaC, replication restart proteins DnaT, PriA and PriB, and associated DNA. Involved in the restart of DNA replication after a stalled replication fork has been repaired." [GOC:bhm, PMID:8663105] |
|
GO:1990159
|
0 |
DnaB-DnaC-DnaT-PriA-PriC complex |
"A protein-DNA complex consisting of the helicase loading complex DnaB-DnaC, replication restart proteins DnaT, PriA and PriC, and associated DNA. Involved in the restart of DNA replication after a stalled replication fork has been repaired." [GOC:bhm, PMID:8663105] |
|
GO:1990160
|
0 |
DnaB-DnaC-Rep-PriC complex |
"A protein-DNA complex consisting of the helicase loading complex DnaB-DnaC, replication restart proteins Rep and PriC, and associated DNA. Involved in the restart of DNA replication after a stalled replication fork has been repaired." [GOC:bhm, PMID:19941825, PMID:8663105] |
|
GO:1990175
|
0 |
EH domain binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with an EH domain of a protein. The EH stand for Eps15 homology. This was originally identified as a motif present in three copies at the NH2-termini of Eps15 and of the related molecule Eps15R." [GOC:hjd, PMID:11911876, PMID:21115825] |
|
GO:1990195
|
0 |
macrolide transmembrane transporter complex |
"A bacterial transmembrane transporter complex that spans the entire cell membrane system and possesses ATP-dependent xenobiotic transport activity pumping drugs (typically antibiotics) and other toxins directly from the cytosol out of the bacterial cell. Typically, it is trimeric consisting of a inner membrane ATPase (IMP), a periplasmic membrane fusion protein (MFP) and an outer membrane factor (OMF). In E. coli, macrolide transporter complexes may consists of MacB (IMP), MacA (MFP) and TolC (OMF) or AcrB (IMP), AcrA (MFP) and TolC (OMF). Trimeric TolC is a common OMF found in many macrolide transporter complexes." [GOC:bhm, PMID:10879525, PMID:18955484, PMID:19254725] |
|
GO:1990227
|
0 |
paranodal junction maintenance |
"The maintenance of a paranodal junction, a highly specialized cell-cell junction found in vertebrates, which forms between a neuron and a glial cell, and has structural similarity to Drosophila septate junctions. A paranodal junction flanks the node of Ranvier in myelinated nerve, electrically isolates the myelinated from unmyelinated nerve segments, and physically separates the voltage-gated sodium channels at the node from the cluster of potassium channels underneath the myelin sheath." [GOC:pr, PMID:24011083] |
|
GO:1990234
|
0 |
transferase complex |
"A protein complex capable of catalyzing the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor)." [GOC:bhm, PMID:16540464] |
|
GO:1990250
|
0 |
transcription-coupled nucleotide-excision repair, DNA damage recognition complex |
"A protein complex that is capable of identifying lesions in DNA on the actively transcribed strand of the DNA duplex as well as a small subset of lesions not recognized by the general nucleotide-excision repair pathway. The wide range of substrate specificity suggests that the repair complex recognizes distortions in the DNA helix. It subsequently recruits a nucleotide-excision repair, preincision complex." [GOC:bhm, PMID:22331906] |
|
GO:1990254
|
0 |
keratin filament binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a keratin filament, an intermediate filament composed of acidic and basic keratins (types I and II), typically expressed in epithelial cells." [GOC:krc, PMID:6170061] |
|
GO:1990265
|
0 |
platelet-derived growth factor complex |
"A protein complex consisting of two chains of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) subunits. PDGF dimers bind to PDGF receptors in the plasma membrane and induce receptor dimerisation and activation. PDGFs are involved in a wide variety of signalling processes. PDGFs are found in all vertebrates where at least 2 different chains (A and B) exist. In human (and other mammals), four types of PDGF chains (A, B, C, and D) are known which form five different dimers (AA, AB, BB, CC and DD)." [GOC:bhm, IntAct:EBI-2881436, IntAct:EBI-2881443, IntAct:EBI-2881451, PMID:11331882] |
|
GO:1990270
|
0 |
platelet-derived growth factor receptor-ligand complex |
"A tetrameric protein complex consisting of two platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor subunits and two PDGF ligand subunits. Binding of the PDGF ligand dimer to the PDGF receptor in the plasma membrane induces receptor dimerisation and activation. PDGFs are involved in a wide variety of signalling processes and are found in all vertebrates. At least two different receptor chains (A and B) and four types of ligand chains (A, B, C, and D) are known forming a wide variety of combinations of receptor-ligand complexes." [GOC:bhm, IntACT:EBI-9080360, PMID:11331882] |
|
GO:1990300
|
0 |
cellulosome binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with the cellulosome, an extracellular multi-enzyme complex containing several enzymes aligned on a non-catalytic scaffolding that functions to hydrolyze plant cell wall polysaccharides." [PMID:11893054, PMID:15197390] |
|
GO:1990303
|
0 |
UBR1-RAD6 ubiquitin ligase complex |
"A ubiquitin ligase complex consisting of UBR1 and RAD6 components. It polyubiquitinates proteins containing non-acetylated N-terminal residues causing their subsequent degradation by the proteasome as part of the Ac/N-End Rule pathway. It recognizes non-acetylated N-terminal methionine if it is followed by a hydrophobic residue. Additionally, it acts in an N-end rule independent manner as a component of a novel quality control pathway for proteins synthesized on cytosolic ribosomes." [GOC:bhm, IntAct:EBI-9103673, PMID:19531475] |
|
GO:1990304
|
0 |
MUB1-RAD6-UBR2 ubiquitin ligase complex |
"A ubiquitin ligase complex consisting of MUB1, RAD6 and UBR2 components. It ubiquitinates, and targets for destruction, the RPN4 transcription factor, which upregulates the proteasome genes. The binding of MUB1 may position the RPN4 ubiquitylation site proximal to the Ubiquitin-RAD6 thioester and allow the transfer of Ubiquitin from RAD6 to RPN4. One of its components, MUB1, is a short-lived protein ubiquitinated by the UBR2-RAD6 ubiquitin conjugating enzyme." [GOC:bhm, IntAct:EBI-9117531, PMID:18070918] |
|
GO:1990320
|
0 |
collagen type XXI trimer |
"A collagen homotrimer of alpha1(XXI) chains; type XXI collagen triple helices found in the extracellular matrix component of blood vessel walls and in the cytoplasm of cultured human aortic smooth muscle." [GOC:bhm, IntAct:EBI-2529143, PMID:17876790] |
|
GO:1990331
|
0 |
Hpa2 acetyltransferase complex |
"A tetrameric protein complex capable of acetyltransferase activity. It can catalyze the transfer of an acetyl group from acetyl-CoA to an acceptor residue on histone H-3, histone H-4, or on polyamines. The complex is also capable of acetylating certain small basic proteins. The two Hpa2 dimers that make up the tetramer are held together by interactions between the bound acetyl-CoA molecules." [GOC:bhm, IntAct:EBI-8871758, PMID:10600387] |
|
GO:1990333
|
0 |
mitotic checkpoint complex, CDC20-MAD2 subcomplex |
"A protein complex involved in the spindle checkpoint, preventing the activation of the anaphase-promoting complex until all chromosomes are correctly attached in a bipolar fashion to the mitotic spindle. In budding yeast this complex consists of Mad2p and Cdc20p, and in mammalian cells it consists of MAD2 and CDC20." [GOC:bhm, IntAct:EBI-1270646, PMID:15879521] |
|
GO:1990334
|
0 |
Bfa1-Bub2 complex |
"A protein complex that acts as a two-component GTPase-activating protein for Tem1 GTPase, thus regulating a signal transduction cascade, called the mitotic exit network (MEN), which is required for mitotic exit and cytokinesis. Bub2/Bfa1 keeps Tem1 inactive until the spindle is properly oriented, thus inhibiting MEN activation." [GOC:bhm, IntAct:EBI-1271344, PMID:16449187] |
|
GO:1990342
|
0 |
heterochromatin island |
"A region of heterochromatin that is formed dynamically in response to environmental signals by a process that does not require RNAi, and is enriched in histone H3 methylated on lysine 9 (H3K9me)." [PMID:22144463, PMID:24210919] |
|
GO:1990343
|
0 |
heterochromatin domain |
"A region of heterochromatin that is formed dynamically under specific growth conditions by a process that requires RNAi, and is enriched in histone H3 methylated on lysine 9 (H3K9me)." [PMID:23151475, PMID:24210919] |
|
GO:1990349
|
0 |
gap junction-mediated intercellular transport |
"The movement of substances between cells via gap junctions. A gap junction is a fine cytoplasmic channel, found in animal cells, that connects the cytoplasm of one cell to that of an adjacent cell, allowing ions and other molecules to pass freely between the two cells." [GOC:hjd, PMID:14506308, PMID:23261543, Wikipedia:Gap_junction] |
|
GO:1990351
|
0 |
transporter complex |
"A protein complex facilitating transport of molecules (proteins, small molecules, nucleic acids) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells." [GOC:bhm, IntAct:EBI-959455, PMID:15449578] |
|
GO:1990353
|
0 |
Fused-Smurf ubiquitin ligase complex |
"A ubiquitin ligase complex. In D. melanogaster, it regulates ubiquitination and proteolysis of the BMP receptor Thickveins in cystoblasts, potentially by controlling Tkv ubiquitination and degradation." [GOC:bhm, IntAct:EBI-3405462, PMID:21145463] |
|
GO:1990356
|
0 |
sumoylated E2 ligase complex |
"A protein complex consisting of a SUMO (small ubiquitin-related modifier) protein bound to a SUMO-conjugating E2 ligase. Sumoylation of the E2 ligase is an intermediate step required for the formation of covalent bonds between a SUMO protein and its ultimate protein target. SUMO is transferred to the E2 ligase by a SUMO-activating E1 enzyme. Sumoylation of the target protein is either facilitated directly by the sumoylated E2 ligase or aided by an optional E3 ligase." [GOC:bhm, IntAct:EBI-9347978, PMID:18691969] |
|
GO:1990392
|
0 |
EFF-1 complex |
"A trimeric cell-cell fusion complex that serves as a scaffold for zippering up the extracellular domains, bringing the transmembrane segments into close proximity such that they can continue zippering within the two membranes into one. Two prefusion monomers cluster at the surface of adjacent cells. Parallel EFF-1 interactions occur across cells and a third monomer, which can come from either cell, adds on to make an intermediate, extended trimer." [GOC:bhm, IntAct:EBI-9526622, PMID:24725407] |
|
GO:1990394
|
0 |
cellular response to cell wall damage |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of cell wall damage. The process begins with detection of the damage and ends with a change in state or activity of the cell." [PMID:17287531] |
|
GO:1990406
|
0 |
CGRP receptor complex |
"A transmembrane, G-protein-coupled signalling receptor complex recognized by calcitonin gene-related peptides (CGRP)." [GOC:bhm, IntAct:EBI-9009008, PMID:20826335] |
|
GO:1990413
|
0 |
eyespot apparatus |
"A small pigmented organelle used in single-celled organisms to detect light." [Wikipedia:Eyespot_apparatus] |
|
GO:1990420
|
0 |
establishment of septation initiation network asymmetry |
"The septation initiation signaling process by which the activity of the septation initiation network (SIN) is activated asymmetrically on the spindle pole bodies." [PMID:22786806] |
|
GO:1990446
|
0 |
U1 snRNP binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any part of a U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle." [PMID:14713954] |
|
GO:1990447
|
0 |
U2 snRNP binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any part of a U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein particle." [PMID:14713954] |
|
GO:1990449
|
0 |
obsolete amylin receptor |
"OBSOLETE. A G-protein coupled signalling receptor complex consisting of the calcitonin receptor and a receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP). Amylin is produced in beta-islet cells of the pancreas. It is implicated in selective inhibition of insulin-stimulated glucose utilization and glycogen deposition in muscle, gastric emptying, gastric acid secretion, postprandial glucagon secretion and food intake and aids weight loss." [GOC:bhm, IntAct:EBI-9008682, IntAct:EBI-9685417, IntAct:EBI-9685439, PMID:10871269] |
|
GO:1990452
|
0 |
Parkin-FBXW7-Cul1 ubiquitin ligase complex |
"A ubiquitin ligase complex containing Parkin (PARK2), the F-box protein FBXW7 (also called SEL-10) and a cullin from the Cul1 subfamily; substrate specificity is conferred by the F-box protein." [GOC:bf, GOC:PARL, PMID:12628165] |
|
GO:1990453
|
0 |
nucleosome disassembly/reassembly complex |
"A protein complex involved in the disassembly and subsequent reassembly of nucleosomes. It associates with the coding region of transcriptionally active genes where it interacts with the RNA polymerase II and affects its processivity during co-transcriptional RNA processing and maturation. It exists as a functionally independent part of the NuA4 complex." [GOC:bhm, IntAct:EBI-9682603, PMID:24843044] |
|
GO:1990462
|
0 |
omegasome |
"Omega-shaped (as in the Greek capital letter) intracellular membrane-bounded organelle enriched in phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate and dynamically connected to the endoplasmic reticulum. Omegasomes are the first step of the formation of autophagosomes via the pre-autophagosomal structures." [GOC:autophagy, GOC:mf, PMID:18725538, PMID:24591649] |
|
GO:1990471
|
0 |
piRNA uni-strand cluster binding |
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with uni-strand piRNA clusters, double-stranded DNA regions that give rise to PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) that map predominantly to only one strand and exhibit hallmarks of canonical Pol II transcription. Uni-strand piRNA clusters are found in many taxa." [GOC:bhm, PMID:24906153] |
|
GO:1990480
|
0 |
obsolete geranyl diphosphate synthase |
"OBSOLETE. Catalyzes the condensation of dimethylallyl diphosphate and isopentenyl diphosphate to geranyl diphosphate, the key precursor of monoterpene biosynthesis." [GOC:mengo_curators, PMID:10557273] |
|
GO:1990486
|
0 |
anaerobic fatty acid catabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a fatty acid in the absence of oxygen. A fatty acid is any of the aliphatic monocarboxylic acids that can be liberated by hydrolysis from naturally occurring fats and oils. Fatty acids are predominantly straight-chain acids of 4 to 24 carbon atoms, which may be saturated or unsaturated; branched fatty acids and hydroxy fatty acids also occur, and very long chain acids of over 30 carbons are found in waxes." [GOC:mengo_curators, PMID:17329794] |
|
GO:1990497
|
0 |
regulation of cytoplasmic translation in response to stress |
"Modulation of the frequency, rate or extent of cytoplasmic translation as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [GOC:vw, PMID:16278445] |
|
GO:1990499
|
0 |
raps-insc complex |
"Protein complex required for the asymmetric division of neuroblasts in Drosophila. Coordinates asymmetric localization of cell fate determinants with orientation of the mitotic spindle resulting in different daughter cells upon division. Localizes at the apical cortex of the neuroblast: Raps maintains, but does not initiate, Insc apically, while Insc segregates Raps asymmetrically. Complex appears to be conserved in mammals (composed of INSC and GPSM1 or GPSM2)." [GOC:bhm, IntAct:EBI-9674411, PMID:22171003] |
|
GO:1990514
|
0 |
5' transitive RNA interference |
"An RNA interference where the silencing signal spreads 5' along the target mRNA, outside of the initial target sequence. Typically involves the formation of secondary siRNAs formed when the initial mRNA target sequence functions as a template for 5' to 3' synthesis of new dsRNA." [GOC:pf, PMID:24369430] |
|
GO:1990515
|
0 |
3' transitive RNA interference |
"An RNA interference where the silencing signal spreads 3' along the target mRNA, outside of the initial target sequence. Typically involves the formation of secondary siRNAs formed when the initial mRNA target sequence functions as a template for 5' to 3' synthesis of new dsRNA." [GOC:pf, PMID:24369430] |
|
GO:1990533
|
0 |
Dom34-Hbs1 complex |
"A protein complex consisting of one subunit known as Dom34 or Pelota that has similarity to translation termination factor eRF1, and another subunit, Hbs1, that is a GTPase with similarity to translation termination factor eRF3. The Dom34-Hbs1 complex has a role in cotranslational mRNA quality control by promoting ribosomal subunit dissociation and peptidyl-tRNA release when translation is stalled, facilitating no-go decay and nonstop decay." [GOC:mcc, PMID:20890290, PMID:21102444, PMID:21448132, PMID:22503425] |
|
GO:1990563
|
0 |
extracellular exosome complex |
"A protein complex that is wholly or partially contained within the lumen or membrane of the extracellular vesicular exosome." [GOC:bhm, IntAct:EBI-9985210, IntAct:EBI-9985797, PMID:22660413] |
|
GO:1990566
|
0 |
I(KACh) inward rectifier potassium channel complex |
"An inward rectifier potassium channel complex expressed in cardiac muscle, specifically the sinoatrial node and atria, where it controls the heart rate, via regulation by G-protein-coupled receptor signalling. In mammals it is composed of GIRK1 (or Kir3.1) and GIRK4 (or Kir3.4) subunits." [GOC:ame, IntAct:EBI-9975539, PMID:9765280] |
|
GO:1990574
|
0 |
meiotic spindle astral microtubule |
"Any of the meiotic spindle microtubules that radiate in all directions from the spindle poles and are thought to contribute to the forces that separate the poles and position them in relation to the rest of the cell." [PMID:10366596] |
|
GO:1990595
|
0 |
mast cell secretagogue receptor activity |
"Combining with basic secretagogues to initiate pseudo-allergic reactions in mast cells." [GOC:sp, PMID:25517090] |
|
GO:1990603
|
0 |
dark adaptation |
"The process by which the rods of the retina gradually become fully responsive to dim light when no longer exposed to bright light." [GOC:hjd, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK11525/, ISBN:0198506732] |
|
GO:1990611
|
0 |
regulation of cytoplasmic translational initiation in response to stress |
"Modulation of the frequency, rate or extent of cytoplasmic translational initiation as a result of a stimulus indicating the organism is under stress. The stress is usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [PMID:16278445] |
|
GO:1990633
|
0 |
mutator focus |
"A type of punctate focus localized to the perinuclear region of germline cytoplasm in C. elegans. Mutator foci are required for RNA interference (RNAi) and serve as sites of small inhibitory RNA (siRNA) amplification. As such, proteins that localize to mutator foci include RNA-directed RNA polymerases (RdRPs) and beta-nucleotidyltransferases. Mutator foci are distinct from, but adjacent to or partially overlap, P granules." [PMID:22713602, PMID:25635455] |
|
GO:1990653
|
0 |
obsolete monounsaturated fatty acid biosynthetic process |
"OBSOLETE. The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a monounsaturated fatty acid. A monounsaturated fatty acid has one double bond in the fatty acid chain with all of the remainder carbon atoms being single-bonded, as opposed to polyunsaturated fatty acids." [GOC:hjd, PMID:16443825] |
|
GO:1990666
|
0 |
PCSK9-LDLR complex |
"A protein complex consisting of the serine protease PCSK9 (Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin-9) and a low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR). Interaction typically occurs through the epidermal growth factor-like repeat A (EGF-A) domain of the LDLR, and complex formation promotes degradation of the LDLR through the endosome/lysosome pathway." [GOC:BHF, GOC:nc, PMID:18250299, PMID:24440079] |
|
GO:1990682
|
0 |
CSF1-CSF1R complex |
"A protein complex consisting of a macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF1, also called M-CSF) dimer bound to a dimerized receptor (CSF1R, also called FMS). Receptor dimerization requires the presence of the ligand." [GOC:bf, GOC:BHF, GOC:nc, PMID:19017797] |
|
GO:1990719
|
0 |
C1 axonemal microtubule |
"One of two microtubules present in the axonemal central pair. It is distinguishable from the C2 axonemal microtubule (also called C2 tubule) by the presence of differing protein components of the projections." [GOC:cilia, PMID:21586547, PMID:9295136] |
|
GO:1990720
|
0 |
C2 axonemal microtubule |
"One of two microtubules present in the axonemal central pair. It is distinguishable from the C1 axonemal microtubule (also called C1 tubule) by the presence of differing protein components of the projections." [GOC:cilia, PMID:21586547, PMID:9295136] |
|
GO:1990725
|
0 |
cord factor receptor activity |
"Combining with a cord factor, an M. tuberculosis cell wall glycolipid, and transmitting a signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:hjd, PMID:23602766] |
|
GO:1990729
|
0 |
primary miRNA modification |
"The covalent alteration of one or more nucleotides within a primary miRNA molecule to produce a primary miRNA molecule with a sequence that differs from that coded genetically." [PMID:25799998] |
|
GO:1990752
|
0 |
microtubule end |
"Any end of a microtubule. Microtubule ends differ in that the so-called microtubule plus-end is the one that preferentially grows by polymerization, with respect to the minus-end." [GOC:pr] |
|
GO:1990753
|
0 |
equatorial cell cortex |
"The region of the cell cortex in a mitotically dividing cell that flanks the central spindle and corresponds to the site of actomyosin ring formation that results in cleavage furrow formation and ingression." [PMID:16352658, PMID:22552143, PMID:23750214, PMID:25898168] |
|
GO:1990756
|
0 |
protein binding, bridging involved in substrate recognition for ubiquitination |
"The binding activity of a molecule that brings together a ubiquitin ligase and its substrate. Usually mediated by F-box BTB/POZ domain proteins." [PMID:24658274] |
|
GO:1990759
|
0 |
HCN2 channel complex |
"HCN2 is a member of the hyperpolarization-activated ion channel family, which shows selectivity for potassium over sodium ions. Channel gating is facilitated by cAMP binding to the cyclic nucleotide binding domain. HCN2 is the dominant form of HCN expressed in the heart, together with HCN4 (O70507). HCN2 shows significant expression in various regions of the heart, especially the ventricles. There is pharmacological and genetic evidence that HCN channels play a role in cardiac pacemaking and automaticity, by contributing to the native pacemaker current of the heart (If)." [GOC:ame, IntAct:EBI-10825931, PMID:12968185] |
|
GO:1990765
|
0 |
colon smooth muscle contraction |
"A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry of the large intestine, exclusive of the rectum. The colon is that part of the large intestine that connects the small intestine to the rectum." [PMID:24170253] |
|
GO:1990770
|
0 |
small intestine smooth muscle contraction |
"A process in which force is generated within smooth muscle tissue, resulting in a change in muscle geometry in the intestine between the stomach and the large intestine." [PMID:11991626] |
|
GO:1990773
|
0 |
matrix metallopeptidase secretion |
"The regulated release of matrix metallopeptidases, a family of zinc-dependent endopeptidases that can degrade extracellular matrix proteins and process other types of proteins." [PMID:8679543] |
|
GO:1990776
|
0 |
response to angiotensin |
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an angiotensin stimulus. Angiotensin is any of three physiologically active peptides (angiotensin II, III, or IV) processed from angiotensinogen." [PMID:22982863] |
|
GO:1990779
|
0 |
glycoprotein Ib-IX-V complex |
"A transmembrane signalling receptor complex found exclusively on platelets. Involved in haemostasis and thrombosis where it aids blood coagulation." [GOC:bhm, IntAct:EBI-10727454, IntAct:EBI-10728062, PMID:1730602, PMID:23336709, PMID:25297919] |
|
GO:1990788
|
0 |
GLI-SUFU complex |
"A protein repressing GLI's transcription factor activity when SMO signalling is inactive. Upon ligand binding to the upstream receptor PTC (Patched) GLI dissociates from SUFU and activates transcription of hedgehog-target genes. In mammals it consists of SUFU and one of the GLI family proteins." [GOC:bhm, IntAct:EBI-10170144, IntAct:EBI-10828915, IntAct:EBI-10828948, IntAct:EBI-10828976, IntAct:EBI-10828997, IntAct:EBI-10829035, PMID:24311597] |
|
GO:1990799
|
0 |
mitochondrial tRNA wobble position uridine thiolation |
"The process in which a uridine residue at position 34 in the anticodon of a mitochondrial tRNA is post-transcriptionally thiolated at the C2 position. This process involves transfer of a sulfur from cysteine to position C2 by several steps." [PMID:15509579] |
|
GO:1990819
|
0 |
actin fusion focus |
"A focus at the mating projection tip where the cell wall is degraded during conjugation with cellular fusion. Actin filaments form an aster-like structure from this location." [PMID:25825517] |
|
GO:1990850
|
0 |
H-gal-GP complex |
"A membrane glycoprotein complex with aspartyl proteinase and metalloproteinase activity which is expressed in the gut. An example of this is found in the nematode Haemonchus contortus." [PMID:11166393] |
|
GO:1990891
|
0 |
mitotic sister chromatid arm separation |
"The cell cycle process in which sister chromatid arms are physically detached from each other during mitosis." [PMID:21633354] |
|
GO:1990905
|
0 |
dinoflagellate peduncle |
"A small, flexible, finger-like appendage located near the flagellar pores in some photosynthetic as well as nonphotosynthetic dinoflagellate species. Its functions are not fully understood, but it has been associated with feeding behavior (phagotrophy)." [GOC:at, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinoflagellate, http://species-identification.org/index.php] |
|
GO:1990908
|
0 |
obsolete Lys63-specific zinc metallopeptidase deubiquitinase activity |
"OBSOLETE. Hydrolysis of Lys63-Linked ubiquitin unit(s) from a ubiquitinated protein by a mechanism where zinc acts as the nucleophile." [PMID:26368668] |
|
GO:1990915
|
0 |
structural constituent of ascospore wall |
"The action of a molecule that contributes to the structural integrity of an ascospore wall." [PMID:24623719] |
|
GO:1990916
|
0 |
Isp3 layer of spore wall |
"The outermost layers of the spore wall, as described in Schizosaccharomyces pombe." [PMID:24623719] |
|
GO:2000071
|
0 |
regulation of defense response by callose deposition |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of defense response by callose deposition." [GOC:obol] |
|
GO:2000206
|
0 |
regulation of ribosomal small subunit export from nucleus |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ribosomal small subunit export from nucleus." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:2000207
|
0 |
negative regulation of ribosomal small subunit export from nucleus |
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ribosomal small subunit export from nucleus." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:2000208
|
0 |
positive regulation of ribosomal small subunit export from nucleus |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ribosomal small subunit export from nucleus." [GOC:mah] |
|
GO:2000652
|
0 |
regulation of secondary cell wall biogenesis |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of secondary cell wall biogenesis." [GOC:obol] |
|
GO:2000939
|
0 |
regulation of plant-type cell wall cellulose catabolic process |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of plant-type cell wall cellulose catabolic process." [GOC:mengo_curators] |
|
GO:2000940
|
0 |
negative regulation of plant-type cell wall cellulose catabolic process |
"Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of plant-type cell wall cellulose catabolic process." [GOC:mengo_curators] |
|
GO:2000941
|
0 |
positive regulation of plant-type cell wall cellulose catabolic process |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of plant-type cell wall cellulose catabolic process." [GOC:mengo_curators] |
|
GO:2000966
|
0 |
regulation of cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process." [GOC:mengo_curators] |
|
GO:2000967
|
0 |
negative regulation of cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process |
"Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process." [GOC:mengo_curators] |
|
GO:2000968
|
0 |
positive regulation of cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell wall polysaccharide catabolic process." [GOC:mengo_curators] |
|
GO:2001009
|
0 |
regulation of plant-type cell wall cellulose biosynthetic process |
"Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of plant-type cell wall cellulose biosynthetic process." [GOC:mengo_curators] |
|
GO:2001010
|
0 |
negative regulation of plant-type cell wall cellulose biosynthetic process |
"Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of plant-type cell wall cellulose biosynthetic process." [GOC:mengo_curators] |
|
GO:2001011
|
0 |
positive regulation of plant-type cell wall cellulose biosynthetic process |
"Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of plant-type cell wall cellulose biosynthetic process." [GOC:mengo_curators] |
|
GO:2001300
|
0 |
lipoxin metabolic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving a lipoxin. A lipoxin is a non-classic eicosanoid and signalling molecule that has four conjugated double bonds and is derived from arachidonic acid." [CHEBI:6497, GOC:mw] |
|
GO:2001301
|
0 |
lipoxin biosynthetic process |
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a lipoxin. A lipoxin is a non-classic eicosanoid and signalling molecule that has four conjugated double bonds and is derived from arachidonic acid." [CHEBI:6497, GOC:mw] |