Encodes one of the isoforms of the catalytic subunit of protein phosphatase 2A: AT1G59830/PP2A-1%2C AT1G10430/PP2A-2%2C At2g42500/PP2A-3%2C At3g58500/PP2A-4 [Plant Molecular Biology (1993) 21:475-485 and (1994) 26:523-528%3B Note that in more recent publications%2C there is mixed use of gene names for PP2A-3 and PP2A-4 - some refer to At2g42500 as PP2A-3 and some as PP2A-4].
Plant protein of unknown function (DUF946)%3B FUNCTIONS IN: molecular_function unknown%3B INVOLVED IN: N-terminal protein myristoylation%3B LOCATED IN: chloroplast%3B EXPRESSED IN: 21 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 12 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF946 (InterPro:IPR009291)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Plant protein of unknown function (DUF946) (TAIR:AT2G44260.1)%3B Has 432 Blast hits to 414 proteins in 115 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 34%3B Metazoa - 43%3B Fungi - 133%3B Plants - 207%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 15 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a member of the mitochondrial acyl carrier protein (ACP) family. As part of the mitochondrial matrix%2C it is likely to be involved in fatty acid or lipoic acid biogenesis. Its acylated form is predominantly present in the mitochondrial membrane while the non-acylated form is soluble.
Encodes a type I metacaspase. Two Arabidopsis metacaspases%2C AT1G02170 (MC1) and AT4G25110 (MC2) antagonistically control programmed cell death in Arabidopsis. MC1 is a positive regulator of cell death and requires conserved caspase-like putative catalytic residues for its function. MC2 negatively regulates cell death. This function is independent of the putative catalytic residues. A third type I Arabidopsis metacaspase is MC3 (AT5g64240).
This gene is predicted to encode a protein that functions as a Golgi apparatus structural component known as a golgin in mammals and yeast. A fluorescently-tagged version of GC4 co-localizes with Golgi markers%2C and this localization appears to be replicated using the C-terminal (169 aa) portion of the protein.
Induced by Salicylic acid%2C virus%2C fungus and bacteria.Involved in the tryptophan synthesis pathway. Independent of NPR1 for their induction by salicylic acid. UGT74F1 transfers UDP:glucose to salicylic acid (forming a glucoside (SAG) and a glucose ester (SGE))%2C benzoic acid%2C and athranilate in vitro. UGT74F2 shows a weak ability to catalyze the formation of the p-aminobenzoate-glucose ester in vitro. But%2C UGT75B1 appears to be the dominant pABA acylglucosyltransferase in vivo based on assays in leaves%2C flowers%2C and siliques. The true biological substrate(s) of UGT74F2 are not known%2C but mutant plants lacking UGT74F2 have a decreased level of SAG and SGE.
Encodes a nuclear localized BLH domain containing transcriptional activator involved in response to ABA. Overexpression confers enhanced ABA responsiveness while loss of function mutants are ABA sensitive.
O-fucosyltransferase family protein%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: GDP-fucose protein O-fucosyltransferase (InterPro:IPR019378)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: O-fucosyltransferase family protein (TAIR:AT3G07900.1)%3B Has 821 Blast hits to 820 proteins in 30 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 820%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 1 (source: NCBI BLink).
Plant protein of unknown function (DUF247)%3B FUNCTIONS IN: molecular_function unknown%3B INVOLVED IN: biological_process unknown%3B LOCATED IN: cellular_component unknown%3B EXPRESSED IN: leaf apex%2C flower%2C cultured cell%3B EXPRESSED DURING: petal differentiation and expansion stage%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF247%2C plant (InterPro:IPR004158)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Plant protein of unknown function (DUF247) (TAIR:AT2G28580.1)%3B Has 1033 Blast hits to 968 proteins in 19 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 2%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 1031%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 0 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes casein kinase II beta chain%2C a CK2 regulatory subunit. Nuclear-localized CKB4 protein exists in vivo as different isoforms%2C resulting from phosphorylation on serine residues. The phosphorylated isoforms are the preferred substrate for ubiquitination and degradation by the proteasome pathway. Involved in regulation of circadian clock.
Encodes a high affinity vacuolar calcium antiporter. The residue His 338 is critical to Ca2+ transport activity. Disruption of CAX1 reduces manganese and zinc of shoot tissue and results in a decrease in the activity of vacuolar V-type proton ATPase.
SAUR-like auxin-responsive protein family %3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Auxin responsive SAUR protein (InterPro:IPR003676)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: SAUR-like auxin-responsive protein family (TAIR:AT5G10990.1)%3B Has 1416 Blast hits to 1399 proteins in 25 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 1415%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 1 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes PHYTOCHROME RAPIDLY REGULATED1 (PAR1)%2C an atypical basic helix-loop-helix (bHLP) protein. Closely related to PAR2 (At3g58850). Up regulated after simulated shade perception. Acts in the nucleus to control plant development and as a negative regulator of shade avoidance response. Functions as transcriptional repressor of auxin-responsive genes SAUR15 (AT4G38850) and SAUR68 (AT1G29510).
Protein kinase family protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: protein kinase activity%2C kinase activity%2C ATP binding%3B INVOLVED IN: protein amino acid phosphorylation%3B LOCATED IN: plasma membrane%3B EXPRESSED IN: 22 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein kinase%2C catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719)%2C Serine-threonine/tyrosine-protein kinase (InterPro:IPR001245)%2C Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein kinase family protein (TAIR:AT3G56050.2)%3B Has 40621 Blast hits to 40281 proteins in 1597 species: Archae - 8%3B Bacteria - 2197%3B Metazoa - 11172%3B Fungi - 1041%3B Plants - 22757%3B Viruses - 129%3B Other Eukaryotes - 3317 (source: NCBI BLink).
Chloroplast-targeted copper chaperone protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: metal ion binding%3B INVOLVED IN: metal ion transport%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Heavy metal transport/detoxification protein (InterPro:IPR006121)%2C Copper chaperone%2C chloroplast-targeted%2C predicted (InterPro:IPR016578)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Chloroplast-targeted copper chaperone protein (TAIR:AT2G37390.1)%3B Has 855 Blast hits to 818 proteins in 37 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 2%3B Metazoa - 1%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 852%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 0 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a component of the fatty acid elongation machinery required for C28 to C30 fatty acid elongation. It does not require the acyltransferase catalytic site for biological function.
Protein of unknown function (DUF707)%3B FUNCTIONS IN: molecular_function unknown%3B INVOLVED IN: biological_process unknown%3B EXPRESSED IN: 25 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 15 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF707 (InterPro:IPR007877)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF707) (TAIR:AT2G28310.3)%3B Has 328 Blast hits to 327 proteins in 28 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 17%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 305%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 6 (source: NCBI BLink).
Uncharacterized conserved protein (DUF2358)%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF2358 (InterPro:IPR018790)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Uncharacterized conserved protein (DUF2358) (TAIR:AT1G16320.1)%3B Has 199 Blast hits to 199 proteins in 64 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 74%3B Metazoa - 19%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 95%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 11 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a vacuolar protein. Mutation causes organizational defects in the endoplasmic reticulum and aberrant protein trafficking in the plant secretory pathway.
member of Alpha-Expansin Gene Family. Naming convention from the Expansin Working Group (Kende et al%2C 2004. Plant Mol Bio). Involved in the formation of nematode-induced syncytia in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana.
expansin-like protein. Naming convention from the Expansin Working Group (Kende et al%2C 2004. Plant Mol Bio). Involved in the formation of nematode-induced syncytia in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana.
GolS1 is a galactinol synthase that catalyzes the formation of galactinol from UDP-galactose and myo-inositol. GolS1 transcript levels rise in response to methyl viologen%2C an oxidative damage-inducing agent. Plants over-expressing GolS1 have increased tolerance to salt%2C chilling%2C and high-light stress.
Encodes a protein similar to glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase but%2C based on amino acid differences in the active site and lack of activity%2C does not encode a functional G6PDH. The amino acid sequence for the consensus sequence of the G6PDH active site (DHYLGKE) differs in three places in this protein. gc exon splice site at 20574 is based on protein alignment%2C and is not confirmed experimentally.
hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein family protein%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein family protein (TAIR:AT1G70985.1)%3B Has 4980 Blast hits to 3037 proteins in 323 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 354%3B Metazoa - 1692%3B Fungi - 499%3B Plants - 1659%3B Viruses - 207%3B Other Eukaryotes - 569 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a member of the TBL (TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE) gene family containing a plant-specific DUF231 (domain of unknown function) domain. TBL gene family has 46 members%2C two of which (TBR/AT5G06700 and TBL3/AT5G01360) have been shown to be involved in the synthesis and deposition of secondary wall cellulose%2C presumably by influencing the esterification state of pectic polymers. A nomenclature for this gene family has been proposed (Volker Bischoff %26 Wolf Scheible%2C 2010%2C personal communication).
DNA mismatch repair protein MutS%2C type 2%3B FUNCTIONS IN: damaged DNA binding%2C mismatched DNA binding%2C ATP binding%3B INVOLVED IN: mismatch repair%2C maintenance of fidelity involved in DNA-dependent DNA replication%3B LOCATED IN: chloroplast%3B EXPRESSED IN: 22 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 15 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: DNA mismatch repair protein MutS%2C type 2 (InterPro:IPR005747)%2C DNA mismatch repair protein MutS%2C C-terminal (InterPro:IPR000432)%2C DNA mismatch repair protein MutS%2C core (InterPro:IPR007696)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: DNA mismatch repair protein MutS%2C type 2 (TAIR:AT1G65070.2)%3B Has 1807 Blast hits to 1807 proteins in 277 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 736%3B Fungi - 347%3B Plants - 385%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 339 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a member of the SPL (squamosa-promoter binding protein-like)gene family%2C a novel gene family encoding DNA binding proteins and putative transcription factors. Contains the SBP-box%2C which encodes the SBP-domain%2C required and sufficient for interaction with DNA. It binds DNA%2C may directly regulate AP1%2C and is involved in regulation of flowering and vegetative phase change. Its temporal expression is regulated by the microRNA miR156. The target site for the microRNA is in the 3'UTR.
Encodes a homolog of the yeast and human BUB3 (BUDDING UNINHIBITED BY BENZYMIDAZOL 3) protein. Yeast and human BUB3s function in spindle assembly checkpoint control.
Encodes AKT1%2C a member of the Shaker family inward rectifying potassium channel predominantly expressed in predominantly in root hairs and root endodermis. This family includes five groups based on phylogenetic analysis (FEBS Letters (2007) 581: 2357): I (inward rectifying channel): AKT1 (AT2G26650)%2C AKT5 (AT4G32500) and SPIK (also known as AKT6%2C AT2G25600)%3B II (inward rectifying channel): KAT1 (AT5G46240) and KAT2 (AT4G18290)%3B III (weakly inward rectifying channel): AKT2 (AT4G22200)%3B IV (regulatory subunit involved in inwardly rectifying conductance formation): KAT3 (also known as AtKC1%2C AT4G32650)%3B V (outward rectifying channel): SKOR (AT3G02850) and GORK (AT5G37500).
Calcium-binding EF hand family protein%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: EF-Hand 1%2C calcium-binding site (InterPro:IPR018247)%2C EF-HAND 2 (InterPro:IPR018249)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Calcium-binding EF-hand family protein (TAIR:AT2G44310.1)%3B Has 172 Blast hits to 170 proteins in 15 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 172%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 0 (source: NCBI BLink).
encodes a transmembrane protein with similarity to the sterol desaturase family at the N-terminus and to the short-chain dehydrogenase/reductase family at the C-terminus. Mutant analyses indicate this protein is involved in cuticle membrane and wax biosynthesis.
Encodes IMPORTIN ALPHA 3. Mutant plants act as suppressors of snc1 response and salicylic acid accumulation. Located in the nucleus. Involved in protein import. Protein interacts with Agrobacterium proteins VirD2 and VirE2. Is not individually essential for Agrobacterium-mediated root transformation%2C but when overexpressed can rescue the impa-4 decreased transformation susceptibility phenotype.
Encodes an aldehyde dehydrogenase induced by ABA and dehydration that can oxidize saturated aliphatic aldehydes. It is also able to oxidize beta-unsaturated aldehydes%2C but not aromatic aldehydes. ALDH3I1 was able to use both NAD+ and NADP+ as cofactors.
Encodes an expansin. Naming convention from the Expansin Working Group (Kende et al%2C Plant Mol Bio). Involved in the formation of nematode-induced syncytia in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana.
B-box type zinc finger protein with CCT domain%3B FUNCTIONS IN: sequence-specific DNA binding transcription factor activity%2C zinc ion binding%3B INVOLVED IN: regulation of transcription%3B LOCATED IN: intracellular%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: CCT domain (InterPro:IPR010402)%2C Zinc finger%2C B-box (InterPro:IPR000315)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: B-box type zinc finger protein with CCT domain (TAIR:AT1G73870.1)%3B Has 3177 Blast hits to 2366 proteins in 131 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 3069%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 108 (source: NCBI BLink).
member of Putative Na+/H+ antiporter family. Involved in the osmoregulation through K(+) fluxes and possibly pH modulation of an active endomembrane system in guard cells.
Encodes a protein that acts as an ornithine N-delta-acetyltransferase%2C leading to the formation of N-delta-actetylornithine. This compound is likely used in plant defense and levels of it are increased in Arabidopsis plants in response to MeJA and ABA.
belongs to the P-type ATPase superfamily of cation-transporting ATPases%2C pumps protons out of the cell%2C generating a proton gradient that drives the active transport of nutrients by proton symport. has two autoinhibitory regions within the C-terminal dom
Encodes carotenoid isomerase. Catalyzes the isomerization of poly-cis-carotenoids to all-trans-carotenoids. Together with PDS and ZDS%2C CRTiso is required to complete the synthesis of lycopene from phytoene.
Encodes a yeast CTR9 homolog that is involved in the control of flowering time by elevating FLC expression to a level that creates the vernalization-responsive%2C winter-annual habit. Yeast CTR9 is a component of a five-member PAF1 complex that associates with RNA pol II and is thought to regulate gene expression by recruiting SET1 (a histone 3 Lys 4 [H3-K4] methyl transferase) to the initially transcribed [5'] regions of target chromatin. Mutants display reduced H3-K4 methylation in both FLC and FLM chromatin.
Encodes BOP2%2C a cytoplasmic and nuclear-localized NPR1 like protein with BTB/POZ domain and ankyrin repeats. Interacts with BOP1 and appears to be genetically redundant with BOP1.bop1/bop2 double mutants have longer leaves%2C often with leaflets on the petiole%2C asymmetric flowers with extra organs and no nectaries. Also defective in floral organ abscission. BOP1/2 promotes floral meristem fate and determinacy in a pathway targetting APETALA1 and AGAMOUS-LIKE24. PUCHI%2C BOP1 and BOP2 are redundantly required for expression of LFY and AP1. BOP2 is expressed in valve margin. Misexpression in stems causes short internodes and ectopic biosynthesis of lignin. BOP2 activity is antagonistic to BP (At4g08150) and PNY (At5g02030). BOP3 expression is restricted to pedicel axils by BP and PNY. BOP2 promotes KNAT6 (At1g23380) expression.
This gene is predicted to encodes a histone H1/H5 family member. A plant line expressing an RNAi construct targeted against HON5 shows a reduced level of agrobacterium-mediated root transformation.
Encodes a nitrile-specifier protein NSP1 responsible for constitutive and herbivore-induced simple nitrile formation in rosette leaves. NSP1 is one out of five (At3g16400/NSP1%2C At2g33070/NSP2%2C At3g16390/NSP3%2C At3g16410/NSP4 and At5g48180/NSP5) A. thaliana epithiospecifier protein (ESP) homologues that promote simple nitrile%2C but not epithionitrile or thiocyanate formation.
Encodes SIN2 (SHORT INTEGUMENTS 2)%2C a mitochondrial DAR GTPase. SIN2 is hypothesized to function in mitochondrial ribosome assembly. sin2 mutants produce ovules with short integuments due to early cessation of cell division in these structures.
Plant protein of unknown function (DUF869)%3B FUNCTIONS IN: molecular_function unknown%3B INVOLVED IN: biological_process unknown%3B LOCATED IN: plasma membrane%3B EXPRESSED IN: 22 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF869%2C plant (InterPro:IPR008587)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Plant protein of unknown function (DUF869) (TAIR:AT1G47900.2)%3B Has 56433 Blast hits to 30629 proteins in 2025 species: Archae - 861%3B Bacteria - 7306%3B Metazoa - 28779%3B Fungi - 5162%3B Plants - 3416%3B Viruses - 109%3B Other Eukaryotes - 10800 (source: NCBI BLink).
Belongs to the plant glycoside hydrolase family 79. Encodes a protein with several posttranslational modification sites including O-%26#946%3B-GlcNAc attachment sites and serine-%2C threonine- and tyrosine-phosphorylation sites%2C suggesting that this protein is extensively modified posttranslationally. The protein is predicted (WoLF PSORT program) to be secreted.
Protein of unknown function (DUF819)%3B LOCATED IN: chloroplast%3B EXPRESSED IN: 22 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF819 (InterPro:IPR008537)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF819) (TAIR:AT5G52540.1)%3B Has 1807 Blast hits to 1807 proteins in 277 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 736%3B Fungi - 347%3B Plants - 385%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 339 (source: NCBI BLink).
RNA-binding protein%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: RNA-binding (RRM/RBD/RNP motifs) family protein (TAIR:AT3G09160.1)%3B Has 1807 Blast hits to 1807 proteins in 277 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 736%3B Fungi - 347%3B Plants - 385%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 339 (source: NCBI BLink).
unknown protein%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Uncharacterised protein family UPF0565 (InterPro:IPR018881)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: unknown protein (TAIR:AT2G45380.1)%3B Has 138 Blast hits to 138 proteins in 53 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 73%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 62%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 3 (source: NCBI BLink).
Uncharacterised protein family (UPF0114)%3B FUNCTIONS IN: molecular_function unknown%3B INVOLVED IN: biological_process unknown%3B LOCATED IN: chloroplast%3B EXPRESSED IN: 23 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Uncharacterised protein family UPF0114%2C plant (InterPro:IPR016804)%2C Uncharacterised protein family UPF0114 (InterPro:IPR005134)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Uncharacterised protein family (UPF0114) (TAIR:AT5G13720.1)%3B Has 30201 Blast hits to 17322 proteins in 780 species: Archae - 12%3B Bacteria - 1396%3B Metazoa - 17338%3B Fungi - 3422%3B Plants - 5037%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 2996 (source: NCBI BLink).
Ubiquitin-specific protease family C19-related protein%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Ubiquitin-specific protease family C19-related protein (TAIR:AT3G58320.1)%3B Has 305 Blast hits to 285 proteins in 4 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 305%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 0 (source: NCBI BLink).
Endomembrane protein 70 protein family%3B LOCATED IN: endomembrane system%2C integral to membrane%3B EXPRESSED IN: 21 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Nonaspanin (TM9SF) (InterPro:IPR004240)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Endomembrane protein 70 protein family (TAIR:AT5G10840.1)%3B Has 1577 Blast hits to 1550 proteins in 327 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 11%3B Metazoa - 618%3B Fungi - 234%3B Plants - 447%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 267 (source: NCBI BLink).
isolated from differential screening of a cDNA library from auxin-treated root culture. sequence does not show homology to any known proteins and is predicted to be extracellular.
Encodes a general sigma factor in chloroplasts and is probably responsible for the recognition of sigma 70 type standard bacteria-type multi-subunit RNA polymerase (PEP) promoters in young cotyledons. It is a substrate for regulatory phosphorylation by cpCK2%2C a nuclear-coded plastid-targeted casein kinase 2%2C that has been implicated as a key component in plant sigma factor phosphorylation and transcriptional regulation.
