Encodes a thionin that is expressed at a low basal level in seedlings and shows circadian variation. Predicted to encode a PR (pathogenesis-related) protein. Belongs to the plant thionin (PR-13) family with the following members: At1g66100%2C At5g36910%2C At1g72260%2C At2g15010%2C At1g12663%2C At1g12660.
Malectin/receptor-like protein kinase family protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: protein serine/threonine kinase activity%2C protein kinase activity%2C kinase activity%2C ATP binding%3B INVOLVED IN: protein amino acid phosphorylation%3B LOCATED IN: endomembrane system%3B EXPRESSED IN: 14 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 9 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein kinase%2C ATP binding site (InterPro:IPR017441)%2C Malectin/receptor-like protein kinase (InterPro:IPR021720)%2C Protein kinase%2C catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719)%2C Serine-threonine/tyrosine-protein kinase (InterPro:IPR001245)%2C Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase%2C active site (InterPro:IPR008271)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein kinase superfamily protein (TAIR:AT5G39030.1)%3B Has 113939 Blast hits to 112470 proteins in 4297 species: Archae - 118%3B Bacteria - 12172%3B Metazoa - 42643%3B Fungi - 9539%3B Plants - 32560%3B Viruses - 275%3B Other Eukaryotes - 16632 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes AHP3%2C one of the six Arabidopsis thaliana histidine phosphotransfer proteins (AHPs) involved in Histidine (His)-to-Aspartate (Asp) phosphorelay signal transduction. AHPs function as redundant positive regulators of cytokinin signaling. Members of the AHP gene family include: AT3G21510 (AHP1)%2C AT3G29350 (AHP2)%2C AT5G39340 (AHP3)%2C AT3G16360 (AHP4)%2C AT1G03430 (AHP5) and AT1G80100 (AHP6).
Protein kinase superfamily protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: kinase activity%3B INVOLVED IN: protein amino acid phosphorylation%3B LOCATED IN: endomembrane system%3B EXPRESSED IN: 13 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 9 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein kinase%2C ATP binding site (InterPro:IPR017441)%2C Malectin/receptor-like protein kinase (InterPro:IPR021720)%2C Protein kinase%2C catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719)%2C Serine-threonine/tyrosine-protein kinase (InterPro:IPR001245)%2C Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase%2C active site (InterPro:IPR008271)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Malectin/receptor-like protein kinase family protein (TAIR:AT5G39020.1)%3B Has 115892 Blast hits to 114373 proteins in 4327 species: Archae - 137%3B Bacteria - 12603%3B Metazoa - 43642%3B Fungi - 9860%3B Plants - 32580%3B Viruses - 298%3B Other Eukaryotes - 16772 (source: NCBI BLink).
Protein kinase superfamily protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: kinase activity%3B INVOLVED IN: protein amino acid phosphorylation%3B LOCATED IN: endomembrane system%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein kinase%2C ATP binding site (InterPro:IPR017441)%2C Protein kinase%2C catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719)%2C Serine-threonine/tyrosine-protein kinase (InterPro:IPR001245)%2C Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase%2C active site (InterPro:IPR008271)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein kinase superfamily protein (TAIR:AT1G66910.1)%3B Has 1807 Blast hits to 1807 proteins in 277 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 736%3B Fungi - 347%3B Plants - 385%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 339 (source: NCBI BLink).
encodes a protein whose sequence is similar to SAM:salicylic acid carboxyl methyltransferase (SAMT) (GI:6002712)(Clarkia breweri) and to SAM:benzoic acid carboxyl methyltransferase (BAMT)(GI:9789277)(Antirrhinum majus)
Encodes a member of the cationic amino acid transporter (CAT) subfamily of amino acid polyamine choline transporters. Does not mediate efficient uptake of basic amino acids in yeast or Xenopus systems but can transport neutral and acidic amino acid analogs.
Encodes a subunit of the 400 kDa subcomplex of the mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase (complex I). The protein has been isolated in the male gametophyte.
Encodes a Fe(II)- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase family gene F6'H1. Mutations in this gene compromise iron uptake and the production of fluorescent phenolics involved in Fe uptake.
encodes a calmodulin that is involved in thigmomorphogenesis. Gene expression is rapidly induced upon a variety of abiotic stimuli%2C including water spray%2C subirrigation%2C wind%2C touch%2C wounding%2C or darkness.
Encodes a bifunctional enzyme%2C wax ester synthase (WS) and diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT). In vitro assay indicated a ratio of 10.9 between its WS and DGAT activities. Both mutant and in vivo expression/analysis in yeast studies indicated a role in wax biosynthesis.
Encodes a guard cell outward potassium channel. Belongs to the Shaker family K+ channel. This family includes five groups based on phylogenetic analysis (FEBS Letters (2007) 581: 2357): I (inward rectifying channel): AKT1 (AT2G26650)%2C AKT5 (AT4G32500) and SPIK (also known as AKT6%2C AT2G25600)%3B II (inward rectifying channel): KAT1 (AT5G46240) and KAT2 (AT4G18290)%3B III (weakly inward rectifying channel): AKT2 (AT4G22200)%3B IV (regulatory subunit involved in inwardly rectifying conductance formation): KAT3 (also known as AtKC1%2C AT4G32650)%3B V (outward rectifying channel): SKOR (AT3G02850) and GORK (AT5G37500). Mutants have increased water consumption and limited stomatal closure in response to abscisic and jasmonic acids. It forms a heteromeric K(out) channels with SKOR. The gene is expressed ubiquitously in root and the vasculature and guard cells of leaves. Expression is suppressed during agrobacterium-induced tumor formation and increased in response to water deprivation and cold.
Encodes a plasmodesmal protein that affects the intercellular movement of molecules through the plasmodesmata. The cytoplasmic C-terminal portion of the protein is connected to the apoplastic N-terminal portion of the protein by a single transmembrane domain (TMD). It is transported to the plasmodesmata through the secretory pathway. PDLP1 has two DUF26 domains and a signal peptide%2C but the proper localization of the protein appears to depend on the TMD.
Leucine-rich repeat protein kinase family protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: protein serine/threonine kinase activity%2C protein kinase activity%2C ATP binding%3B INVOLVED IN: protein amino acid phosphorylation%3B LOCATED IN: endomembrane system%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein kinase%2C ATP binding site (InterPro:IPR017441)%2C Protein kinase%2C catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719)%2C Leucine-rich repeat-containing N-terminal domain%2C type 2 (InterPro:IPR013210)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR017442)%2C Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase%2C active site (InterPro:IPR008271)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: EF-TU receptor (TAIR:AT5G20480.1)%3B Has 105441 Blast hits to 101727 proteins in 4175 species: Archae - 121%3B Bacteria - 11886%3B Metazoa - 36736%3B Fungi - 8087%3B Plants - 34277%3B Viruses - 298%3B Other Eukaryotes - 14036 (source: NCBI BLink).
Protein of unknown function (DUF707)%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF707 (InterPro:IPR007877)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF707) (TAIR:AT1G13000.2)%3B Has 327 Blast hits to 326 proteins in 27 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 15%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 307%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 5 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes GATA transcription factor gene GNC%2C involved in regulating carbon and nitrogen metabolism. Expression occurs in aerial tissue at an early stage of development and is inducible by nitrate.
Encodes a NAC transcription factor induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2. Involved in senescence. Over expression of the gene strongly delays senescence and enhances tolerance to various abiotic stresses.
Encodes a di- and tri-peptide transporter involved in responses to wounding%2C virulent bacterial pathogens%2C and high NaCl concentrations. The protein is predicted to have 12 transmembrane helicies.
Encodes a transcriptional activator that is associated with the plasma membrane in a dormant form and is proteolytically cleaved to create a form that can enter the nucleus. It is thought to promote ROS production by binding directly to the promoters of genes encoding ROS biosynthetic enzymes during drought-induced leaf senescence.
Encodes a protein with sequence similarity to peroxidases that is involved in lignin biosynthesis. Loss of function mutations show abnormal development of xylem fibers and reduced levels of lignin biosynthetic enxymes.
Encodes a mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier protein. Shown in heterologous systems to be located in the plasma membrane. Has comparable affinity for ADP and ATP (in E.coli).
Encodes a protein with 40%25 similarity to calmodulin. Binds Ca(2+) and%2C as a consequence%2C undergoes conformational changes. CML24 expression occurs in all major organs%2C and transcript levels are increased from 2- to 15-fold in plants subjected to touch%2C darkness%2C heat%2C cold%2C hydrogen peroxide%2C abscisic acid (ABA)%2C and indole-3-acetic acid. However%2C CML24 protein accumulation changes were not detectable. The putative CML24 regulatory region confers reporter expression at sites of predicted mechanical stress%3B in regions undergoing growth%3B in vascular tissues and various floral organs%3B and in stomata%2C trichomes%2C and hydathodes. CML24-underexpressing transgenics are resistant to ABA inhibition of germination and seedling growth%2C are defective in long-day induction of flowering%2C and have enhanced tolerance to CoCl(2)%2C molybdic acid%2C ZnSO(4)%2C and MgCl(2). Also regulates nitric oxide levels.
Belongs to cytochrome P450 and is involved in tryptophan metabolism. Converts Trp to indo-3-acetaldoxime (IAOx)%2C a precursor to IAA and indole glucosinolates.
Protein phosphatase 2C family protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity%2C catalytic activity%3B INVOLVED IN: protein amino acid dephosphorylation%3B LOCATED IN: protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex%3B EXPRESSED IN: 19 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 11 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein phosphatase 2C%2C manganese/magnesium aspartate binding site (InterPro:IPR000222)%2C Protein phosphatase 2C-related (InterPro:IPR001932)%2C Protein phosphatase 2C (InterPro:IPR015655)%2C Protein phosphatase 2C%2C N-terminal (InterPro:IPR014045)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein phosphatase 2C family protein (TAIR:AT5G24940.1)%3B Has 30201 Blast hits to 17322 proteins in 780 species: Archae - 12%3B Bacteria - 1396%3B Metazoa - 17338%3B Fungi - 3422%3B Plants - 5037%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 2996 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes an ethylene- and jasmonate-responsive plant defensin. mRNA levels are not responsive to salicylic acid treatment%3B although jasmonate and salicylic acid can act synergistically to enhance the expression of this gene. Belongs to the plant defensin (PDF) family with the following members: At1g75830/PDF1.1%2C At5g44420/PDF1.2a%2C At2g26020/PDF1.2b%2C At5g44430/PDF1.2c%2C At2g26010/PDF1.3%2C At1g19610/PDF1.4%2C At1g55010/PDF1.5%2C At2g02120/PDF2.1%2C At2g02100/PDF2.2%2C At2g02130/PDF2.3%2C At1g61070/PDF2.4%2C At5g63660/PDF2.5%2C At2g02140/PDF2.6%2C At5g38330/PDF3.1 and At4g30070/PDF3.2.
Encodes a MAP2 like methionine aminopeptidase. In MAP1A mutant background plants show an increased sensitivity to fumagillin resulting in defects in development. Phenotype is similar to RNAi lines which knock out all MAP2/MAP1 loci.
CRINKLY4 related 3 (CCR3)%3B FUNCTIONS IN: kinase activity%3B INVOLVED IN: protein amino acid phosphorylation%3B LOCATED IN: endomembrane system%3B EXPRESSED IN: 23 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 10 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein kinase%2C ATP binding site (InterPro:IPR017441)%2C Regulator of chromosome condensation/beta-lactamase-inhibitor protein II (InterPro:IPR009091)%2C Protein kinase%2C catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR017442)%2C Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase%2C active site (InterPro:IPR008271)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: CRINKLY4 related 4 (TAIR:AT5G47850.1)%3B Has 117697 Blast hits to 115463 proteins in 4296 species: Archae - 105%3B Bacteria - 13273%3B Metazoa - 42642%3B Fungi - 9844%3B Plants - 33569%3B Viruses - 607%3B Other Eukaryotes - 17657 (source: NCBI BLink).
Identified as a gene that is induced by avirulence gene avrRpt2 and RPS2 after infection with Pseudomonas syringae pv maculicola strain ES4326 carrying avrRpt2
ABC transporter family involved in ABA transport and resistance to lead. Localizes to plasma membrane. Upregulated by lead. Expressed in leaves%2C flowers%2C stomata and roots.
Protein phosphatase 2C family protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity%2C catalytic activity%3B INVOLVED IN: protein amino acid dephosphorylation%3B LOCATED IN: protein serine/threonine phosphatase complex%3B EXPRESSED IN: 22 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 12 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein phosphatase 2C%2C manganese/magnesium aspartate binding site (InterPro:IPR000222)%2C Protein phosphatase 2C-related (InterPro:IPR001932)%2C Protein phosphatase 2C (InterPro:IPR015655)%2C Protein phosphatase 2C%2C N-terminal (InterPro:IPR014045)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein phosphatase 2C family protein (TAIR:AT1G48040.1)%3B Has 7561 Blast hits to 7526 proteins in 871 species: Archae - 12%3B Bacteria - 1200%3B Metazoa - 1621%3B Fungi - 783%3B Plants - 2603%3B Viruses - 9%3B Other Eukaryotes - 1333 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes an adenine phosphoribosyltransferase (APT%3B EC 2.4.2.7)%2C which is a constitutively expressed enzyme involved in the one-step salvage of adenine to AMP. APT3 has higher affinity for zeatin%2C isopentenyladenine and benzyladenine than APT1 but lower Vmax than APT1.
Encodes RMG1 (Resistance Methylated Gene 1)%2C a NB-LRR disease resistance protein with a Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain at its N terminus. RMG1 is expressed at high levels in response to flg22 and in naive met1/nrpd2 relative to wild-type plants. Expression of this gene is controlled by DNA methylation in its promoter region. The RMG1 promoter region is constitutively demethylated by active DNA demethylation mediated by the DNA glycosylase ROS1.
Encodes a cytosolic heat shock protein AtHSP90.1. AtHSP90.1 interacts with disease resistance signaling components SGT1b and RAR1 and is required for RPS2-mediated resistance.
encodes a RING-type E3 ubiquitin ligase implicated in gametogenesis. RHF1a can interact with the cell cycle inhibitor ICK4/KRP6 in vitro. It apppears to target ICK4KRP6 for degradation following meiosis in order to allow the mitoses associated with megagametogenesis and microgametogenesis to occur. RHF1a is expressed in the carpels throughout floral development. It is expressed in various tissues of the anthers during the early stages of anther development but not in stage 12 flowers and beyond.
Encodes a dynamin-like protein related to phragmoplastin. Mutations in this gene%2C in combination with mutation in ADL1E%2C result in defects in embryogenesis%2C cell plate formation and trichome branching. Also controls vascular patterning in combination with VAN3 and GNOM. DRP2B and DRP1A participate together in clathrin-coated vesicle formation during endocytosis.
Encodes a member of the ribonuclease T2 family that responds to inorganic phosphate starvation%2C and inhibits production of anthocyanin. Also involved in wound-induced signaling independent of jasmonic acid. Its expression is responsive to both phosphate (Pi) and phosphite (Phi) in roots.
Encodes a chloroplast localized protein that is involved in protein translocation and starch metabolism. PTST helps localize GBSS to the starch granules where GBSS functions in amylose biosynthesis.
A member of Arabidopsis BAG (Bcl-2-associated athanogene) proteins%2C plant homologs of mammalian regulators of apoptosis. Plant BAG proteins are multi-functional and remarkably similar to their animal counterparts%2C as they regulate apoptotic-like processes ranging from pathogen attack%2C to abiotic stress%2C to plant development.
AGP17 is a lysine-rich arabinogalactan-protein (AGP) and part of a multi-gene family of glycoproteins with approx. 50 members. It falls into one subclass with AGP18 and AGP19%2C other lysine-rich AGPs. 84%25 of its proline residues are hydroxylated to hydroproline and its heavy glycosylation accounts for appr. 69%25 of the molecular weight. The main glycosyl residues are arabinose (30.1%25) and galactose (55.1%25). Glycosyl linkages are consistent with type II arabinogalactans. AGP17 is predicted to have a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)anchor and is localized to the plasma membrane and Hechtian strands. It is expressed in young/old leaves%2C shoots%2C suspension cultures and flowers.
Encodes a receptor-like protein kinase that is involved in early defense signaling. Expression of this gene is strongly induced during leaf senescence. It is a target of the transcription factor AtWRKY6.
Encodes a proline transporter with affinity for gly betaine%2C proline%2C and GABA. Protein is expressed in leaves%2C flowers and siliques but to a much lesser extent in roots.
Protein of unknown function (DUF 3339)%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF3339 (InterPro:IPR021775)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF 3339) (TAIR:AT5G08391.1)%3B Has 1807 Blast hits to 1807 proteins in 277 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 736%3B Fungi - 347%3B Plants - 385%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 339 (source: NCBI BLink).
Leucine-rich repeat protein kinase family protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: protein serine/threonine kinase activity%2C protein kinase activity%2C ATP binding%3B INVOLVED IN: transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway%2C protein amino acid phosphorylation%3B LOCATED IN: mitochondrion%3B EXPRESSED IN: 15 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 9 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein kinase%2C ATP binding site (InterPro:IPR017441)%2C Protein kinase%2C catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719)%2C Leucine-rich repeat (InterPro:IPR001611)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR017442)%2C Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase%2C active site (InterPro:IPR008271)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: BRI1 like (TAIR:AT1G55610.2)%3B Has 217966 Blast hits to 139933 proteins in 5038 species: Archae - 191%3B Bacteria - 21618%3B Metazoa - 66649%3B Fungi - 11025%3B Plants - 92428%3B Viruses - 434%3B Other Eukaryotes - 25621 (source: NCBI BLink).
An extragenic dominant suppressor of the hy2 mutant phenotype. Also exhibits aspects of constitutive photomorphogenetic phenotype in the absence of hy2. Mutants have dominant leaf curling phenotype shortened hypocotyls and reduced apical hook. Induced by indole-3-acetic acid.
Transcription regulator acting as repressor of auxin-inducible gene expression. Auxin-inducible AUX/IAA gene. Short-lived nuclear protein with four conserved domains. Domain III has homology to beta alpha alpha dimerization and DNA binding domains. Involved in auxin signaling and is a positive modulator of natural leaf senescence. Auxin induces the degradation of the protein in a dosage-dependent manner in a process mediated by AtRac1. Auxin induced the relocalization of the protein within the nucleus from a diffused nucleoplasmic pattern to a discrete particulated pattern named nuclear protein bodies or NPB in a process also mediated by Rac1. Colocalizes with SCF%2C CSN and 26S proteasome components.
encodes a bZIP G-box binding protein whose expression is induced by ABA. It has been shown to bind to Adh that contains the G-box and is induced by cold and water deprivation. GBF3 has been shown to be expressed mostly in the root and dark-grown leaves. GBF3 can act as homodimers and as heterodimers with GFB1%2C GBF2 and GBF4. In addition%2C GBF3%C2%A1%C2%AFs DNA binding activity is enhanced by GIP1%2C GPRI1 and GPRI2.
pseudogene, major intrinsic protein (MIP) family, contains Pfam profile: MIP PF00230; blastp match of 61% identity and 1.8e-40 P-value to PIR [Source:TAIR;Acc:AT2G21020]
Protein of unknown function%2C DUF538%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF538 (InterPro:IPR007493)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function%2C DUF538 (TAIR:AT3G08890.2)%3B Has 1807 Blast hits to 1807 proteins in 277 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 736%3B Fungi - 347%3B Plants - 385%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 339 (source: NCBI BLink).
SHY2/IAA3 regulates multiple auxin responses in roots. It is induced rapidly by IAA%2C and has been shown to be phosphorylated by oat phytochrome A in vitro.
Encodes GlcAT14A%2C a beta-glucuronosyltransferase involved in the biosynthesis of type II arabinogalactan. The protein was localized to the Golgi apparatus when transiently expressed in Nicotiana benthamiana. Plays a role in cell elongation during seedling growth.
Encodes an enzyme that can act as a aldolase or an epimerase for 7%2C8-dihydroneopterin and 7%2C8-dihydromonapterin in vitro. It is likely to act in tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis in vivo.
Polyketide cyclase/dehydrase and lipid transport superfamily protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: copper ion binding%3B INVOLVED IN: response to cadmium ion%2C response to salt stress%2C defense response to bacterium%3B LOCATED IN: vacuole%3B EXPRESSED IN: 24 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 14 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Bet v I allergen (InterPro:IPR000916)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Polyketide cyclase/dehydrase and lipid transport superfamily protein (TAIR:AT4G23680.1)%3B Has 355 Blast hits to 331 proteins in 39 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 355%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 0 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a protein which might be involved in the formation of verbascose. A T-DNA insertion mutant was shown to have a decreased amount of verbascose (as well as mannitol) whereas the levels of raffinose and stachyose remained unchanged.
alf4-1 prevents initiation of lateral roots. Cannot be rescued by IAA. Protein belongs to a plant-specific gene family and is localized to the nucleus.
Encodes a member of the NAC transcription factor gene family. It is expressed in floral primordia and upregulated by AP3 and PI. Its expression is associated with leaf senescence.
Likely a subunit of the chloroplast NAD(P)H dehydrogenase complex%2C involved in PSI cyclic electron transport. Located in the membrane fraction of chloroplast. Mutant has impaired NAD(P)H dehydrogenase activity.
Encodes a member of the cationic amino acid transporter (CAT) subfamily of amino acid polyamine choline transporters. Mediates efficient uptake of Lys%2C Arg and Glu in a yeast system.
A member of ARF GTPase family. A thaliana has 21 members of this family%2C known to be essential for vesicle coating and uncoating and functions in GTP-binding. Gene encoding ADP-ribosylation factor and similar to other ARFs and ARF-like proteins.
ovate family protein 16 (OFP16)%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF623 (InterPro:IPR006458)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: ovate family protein 12 (TAIR:AT1G05420.1)%3B Has 251 Blast hits to 251 proteins in 22 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 16%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 235%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 0 (source: NCBI BLink).
unknown protein%3B LOCATED IN: chloroplast%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: unknown protein (TAIR:AT3G23170.1)%3B Has 74 Blast hits to 74 proteins in 6 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 74%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 0 (source: NCBI BLink).
response regulator ARR9%2C A two-component response regulator-like protein with a receiver domain with a conserved aspartate residue and a possible phosphorylation site and at the N-terminal half. Appears to interact with histidine kinase like genes ATHP3 and ATHP2
Protein of unknown function (DUF1195)%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF1195 (InterPro:IPR010608)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF1195) (TAIR:AT5G65650.1)%3B Has 67 Blast hits to 67 proteins in 15 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 67%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 0 (source: NCBI BLink).
O-fucosyltransferase family protein%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: GDP-fucose protein O-fucosyltransferase (InterPro:IPR019378)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: O-fucosyltransferase family protein (TAIR:AT2G01480.1)%3B Has 831 Blast hits to 817 proteins in 28 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 831%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 0 (source: NCBI BLink).
hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein family protein%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein family protein (TAIR:AT1G23050.1)%3B Has 1488 Blast hits to 893 proteins in 162 species: Archae - 2%3B Bacteria - 187%3B Metazoa - 240%3B Fungi - 90%3B Plants - 878%3B Viruses - 17%3B Other Eukaryotes - 74 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes GSTU17 (Glutathione S-Transferase U17). Functions as a negative component of stress-mediated signal transduction pathways in drought and salt stress responses.
Copper transport protein family%3B FUNCTIONS IN: metal ion binding%3B INVOLVED IN: metal ion transport%3B LOCATED IN: cellular_component unknown%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Heavy metal transport/detoxification protein (InterPro:IPR006121)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Copper transport protein family (TAIR:AT5G52760.1)%3B Has 1807 Blast hits to 1807 proteins in 277 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 736%3B Fungi - 347%3B Plants - 385%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 339 (source: NCBI BLink).
EXL1 is involved in the C-starvation response. Phenotypic changes of an exl1 loss of function mutant became evident only under corresponding experimental conditions. For example%2C the mutant showed diminished biomass production in a short-day/low light growth regime%2C impaired survival during extended night%2C and impaired survival of anoxia stress.
Protein of unknown function (DUF630 and DUF632)%3B INVOLVED IN: N-terminal protein myristoylation%3B EXPRESSED IN: 20 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 11 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF630 (InterPro:IPR006868)%2C Protein of unknown function DUF632 (InterPro:IPR006867)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF630 and DUF632) (TAIR:AT1G21740.1)%3B Has 982 Blast hits to 757 proteins in 139 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 60%3B Metazoa - 125%3B Fungi - 47%3B Plants - 679%3B Viruses - 3%3B Other Eukaryotes - 68 (source: NCBI BLink).
Catalyzes the conversion of indole-3-glycerolphosphate to indole%2C the penultimate reaction in the biosynthesis of tryptophan. Functions as a heterocomplex with tryptophan synthase beta subunit (TSA2).
Encodes a putative apoplastic peroxidase Prx37. Primarily expressed in the vascular bundles. Overexpression renders a dwarf phenotype with smaller plants and delayed development. Plants overexpressing Prx37 also shows an increase in the amount of esterified phenolic material associated with their walls.
Encodes a MYB gene that%2C when overexpressed ectopically%2C can induce ectopic trichome formation. It is a member of subgroup 15%2C together with WER and GL1. Members of this subgroup share a conserved motif of 19 amino acids in the putative transcription activation domain at the C-terminal end. The gene is expressed in leaves%2C stems%2C flowers%2C seeds and roots and quite strongly in trichomes. There is partial functional redundancy between ATMYB23 and GL1. The two proteins are functionally equivalent with respect to the regulation of trichome initiation but not with respect to trichome branching - which is controlled by MYB23 and not GL1.
Malectin/receptor-like protein kinase family protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: kinase activity%3B INVOLVED IN: protein amino acid phosphorylation%3B LOCATED IN: endomembrane system%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein kinase%2C ATP binding site (InterPro:IPR017441)%2C Malectin/receptor-like protein kinase (InterPro:IPR021720)%2C Protein kinase%2C catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719)%2C Serine-threonine/tyrosine-protein kinase (InterPro:IPR001245)%2C Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase%2C active site (InterPro:IPR008271)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Malectin/receptor-like protein kinase family protein (TAIR:AT5G39000.1)%3B Has 116479 Blast hits to 115116 proteins in 4449 species: Archae - 93%3B Bacteria - 13074%3B Metazoa - 43265%3B Fungi - 9919%3B Plants - 32974%3B Viruses - 372%3B Other Eukaryotes - 16782 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a plasodesmata-located protein involved in regulating primary root growth by controlling phloem-mediated allocation of resources between the primary and lateral root meristems.
SecY protein transport family protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: P-P-bond-hydrolysis-driven protein transmembrane transporter activity%3B INVOLVED IN: response to salt stress%2C protein secretion%3B LOCATED IN: membrane%3B EXPRESSED IN: 23 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 15 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: SecY protein (InterPro:IPR002208)%2C Translocon Sec61/SecY%2C plug domain (InterPro:IPR019561)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: SecY protein transport family protein (TAIR:AT1G29310.1)%3B Has 4557 Blast hits to 4550 proteins in 2034 species: Archae - 275%3B Bacteria - 3091%3B Metazoa - 262%3B Fungi - 228%3B Plants - 170%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 531 (source: NCBI BLink).
Protein of unknown function (DUF1442)%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF1442 (InterPro:IPR009902)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF1442) (TAIR:AT1G62840.1)%3B Has 98 Blast hits to 98 proteins in 12 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 98%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 0 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a protein whose sequence is similar to tobacco hairpin-induced gene (HIN1) and Arabidopsis non-race specific disease resistance gene (NDR1). Expression is not altered in response to cucumber mosaic virus or spermine.
hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein family protein%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: proline-rich family protein (TAIR:AT1G70990.1)%3B Has 25412 Blast hits to 10574 proteins in 716 species: Archae - 40%3B Bacteria - 2873%3B Metazoa - 9053%3B Fungi - 1818%3B Plants - 6806%3B Viruses - 1343%3B Other Eukaryotes - 3479 (source: NCBI BLink).
Protein of unknown function (DUF1005)%3B FUNCTIONS IN: molecular_function unknown%3B INVOLVED IN: biological_process unknown%3B LOCATED IN: chloroplast%3B EXPRESSED IN: leaf apex%2C leaf whorl%2C root%2C petiole%2C leaf%3B EXPRESSED DURING: LP.06 six leaves visible%2C LP.04 four leaves visible%2C LP.10 ten leaves visible%2C LP.08 eight leaves visible%2C LP.12 twelve leaves visible%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF1005 (InterPro:IPR010410)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF1005) (TAIR:AT3G19680.1)%3B Has 143 Blast hits to 143 proteins in 17 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 4%3B Metazoa - 1%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 137%3B Viruses - 1%3B Other Eukaryotes - 0 (source: NCBI BLink).
JAZs are direct targets of the SCFCOI1 E3 ubiquitin-ligase and JA treatment induces their proteasome-mediated degradation. Furthermore%2C JAI3 negatively regulates the key transcriptional activator of JA responses%2C AtMYC2. The C-terminal portion of JAZ3%2C including the Jas domain%2C appears to be important for JAZ3-COI1 binding in the presence of coronatine.
Encodes SHA1 (shoot apical meristem arrest)%2C a putative E3 ligase (a RING finger protein) required for post-embryonic SAM maintenance. The mutant sha1-1 shows a primary SAM-deficient phenotype at the adult stage.
Encodes a protein with similarity to the TAA1 trytophan aminotransferase involved in IAA biosynthesis. Double mutant analyses suggest that this protein is involved in regulating many aspects of plant growth and development from embryogenesis to flower formation and plays a role in ethylene-mediated signaling.
Protein kinase superfamily protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: protein serine/threonine kinase activity%2C protein kinase activity%2C kinase activity%2C ATP binding%3B INVOLVED IN: protein amino acid phosphorylation%3B LOCATED IN: chloroplast%3B EXPRESSED IN: 21 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein kinase%2C ATP binding site (InterPro:IPR017441)%2C Protein kinase%2C catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719)%2C Serine-threonine/tyrosine-protein kinase (InterPro:IPR001245)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR017442)%2C Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase%2C active site (InterPro:IPR008271)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein kinase superfamily protein (TAIR:AT4G25390.1)%3B Has 88935 Blast hits to 72359 proteins in 3004 species: Archae - 64%3B Bacteria - 5807%3B Metazoa - 25667%3B Fungi - 4967%3B Plants - 43770%3B Viruses - 185%3B Other Eukaryotes - 8475 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a receptor-like cytoplasmic kinase that phosphorylates the host target RIN4%2C leading to the activation of a plant innate immune receptor RPM1.
encodes a member of the DREB subfamily A-5 of ERF/AP2 transcription factor family. The protein contains one AP2 domain. There are 15 members in this subfamily including RAP2.1%2C RAP2.9 and RAP2.10.
Encodes a catalytically active cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase which uses p-coumaryl aldehyde as a preferred substrate. It can also use sinapyl%2C caffeyl%2C coniferyl and d-hydroxyconiferyl aldehydes as substrates.
encodes a divergent member of calmodulin%2C which is an EF-hand family of Ca2+-binding proteins. This gene is expressed in leaves%2C flowers and siliques. The gene functionally complements yeast calmodulin 1 (CAM1). Also the protein does not form formed a complex with a basic amphiphilic helical peptide in the presence of Ca2+ in vitro. Authors suggest that this gene may represent a Ca2+-binding sensor protein that interacts with a more limited set of target proteins than do more conventional CaM isoforms.
Encodes glutathione transferase belonging to the zeta class of GSTs. Naming convention according to Wagner et al. (2002). The protein undergoes spontaneous thiolation following treatment with the oxidant tert-butylhydroperoxide. It functions in vitro as a maleylacetoacetate isomerase and is likely to be involved in tyrosine catabolism.
SNARE associated Golgi protein family%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: SNARE associated Golgi protein (InterPro:IPR015414)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: SNARE associated Golgi protein family (TAIR:AT4G22850.1)%3B Has 1732 Blast hits to 1729 proteins in 535 species: Archae - 6%3B Bacteria - 860%3B Metazoa - 122%3B Fungi - 106%3B Plants - 250%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 388 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a light-inducible%2C nuclear bHLH protein involved in phytochrome signaling. Mutants exhibit a long-hypocotyl phenotype only under far-red light but not under red light and are defective in other phytochrome A-related responses. Mutants also show blue light response defects. HFR1 interacts with COP1%2C co-localizes to the nuclear specks and is ubiquinated by COP1.
Encodes a protein with a predicted dual-specificity phosphatase domain%2C similar to the glucan phosphorylases SEX4 and LSF1%2C however%2C it lacks the carbohydrate binding domain present in those proteins. Has phosphoglucan phosphatase activity. It binds to starch and specifically hydrolyzes phosphate from the C3-position.
Encodes LecRKA4.1%2C a member of the lectin receptor kinase subfamily A4 (LecRKA4.1 At5g01540%3B LecRKA4.2 At5g01550%3B LecRKA4.3 At5g01560). Together with other members of the subfamily%2C functions redundantly in the negative regulation of ABA response in seed germination. Positively regulates pattern-triggered immunity.
Domain of unknown function (DUF23)%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF23 (InterPro:IPR008166)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Domain of unknown function (DUF23) (TAIR:AT5G44670.1)%3B Has 195 Blast hits to 195 proteins in 24 species: Archae - 2%3B Bacteria - 7%3B Metazoa - 43%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 139%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 4 (source: NCBI BLink).
Protein kinase family protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: protein serine/threonine kinase activity%2C protein kinase activity%2C kinase activity%2C ATP binding%3B INVOLVED IN: protein amino acid phosphorylation%3B LOCATED IN: endomembrane system%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein kinase%2C ATP binding site (InterPro:IPR017441)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase domain (InterPro:IPR002290)%2C Serine-threonine/tyrosine-protein kinase (InterPro:IPR001245)%2C Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase%2C active site (InterPro:IPR008271)%2C Protein kinase%2C catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719)%2C Tyrosine-protein kinase%2C catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR020635)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein kinase family protein (TAIR:AT5G38250.1)%3B Has 1807 Blast hits to 1807 proteins in 277 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 736%3B Fungi - 347%3B Plants - 385%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 339 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a member of the proline-rich extensin-like receptor kinase (PERK) family. This family consists of 15 predicted receptor kinases (PMID: 15653807).
Encodes a protein disulfide isomerase-like (PDIL) protein%2C a member of a multigene family within the thioredoxin (TRX) superfamily. Transcript levels for this gene are up-regulated in response to three different chemical inducers of ER stress (dithiothreitol%2C beta-mercaptoethanol%2C and tunicamycin). Neither AtIRE1-2 nor AtbZIP60 appear to be required for this response.
encodes a protein with extensive homology to the largest subunit of the multicatalytic proteinase complex (proteasome). Negatively regulates thiol biosynthesis and arsenic tolerance.
Encodes a plasma membrane localized ATPase transporter involved in multidrug transport. The expression of this gene is upregulated by herbicide safeners such as benoxacor%2C fluxofenim and fenclorim.
Homolog to AT5G22940%2C a member of glycosyltransferase family 47 that is involved in secondary cell wall biosynthesis. It exhibits high sequence similarity to tobacco (Nicotiana plumbaginifolia) pectin glucuronyltransferase. Protein has a domain that shares significant similarity with the pfam03016 domain. It is expressed specifically in developing vessels and fiber cells%2C and FRA8 is targeted to Golgi. Mutants have irregular xylem formation%2C reduced cellulose levels and plants are smaller than normal siblings.
Encodes RALF23%2C a member of a diversely expressed predicted peptide family showing sequence similarity to tobacco Rapid Alkalinization Factor (RALF)%2C and is believed to play an essential role in the physiology of Arabidopsis. Consists of a single exon and is characterized by a conserved C-terminal motif and N-terminal signal peptide. RALF23 is significantly downregulated by brassinolide treatment of seedlings. Overexpression of AtRALF23 impairs brassinolide-induced hypocotyls elongation%2C and mature overexpressing plants are shorter and bushier. RALF23 overexpression produces slower growing seedlings with roots that have reduced capacity to acidify the rhizosphere.
RNA-binding protein%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: RNA-binding (RRM/RBD/RNP motifs) family protein (TAIR:AT3G09160.1)%3B Has 1807 Blast hits to 1807 proteins in 277 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 736%3B Fungi - 347%3B Plants - 385%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 339 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a plasma membrane-localized ser/thr protein kinase that is a crucial component of host response signaling required to activate the resistance responses to Botrytis and A. brassicicola infection. It is likely a negative regulator of salicylic acid accumulation and basal defense against virulent bacterial pathogens.
Encodes a ribosomal protein RPL5B that is involved in ribosome biogenesis and plays a role in organ size control by promoting cell proliferation and preventing compensation in normal leaf development.
Although this enzyme is predicted to encode a strictosidine synthase (SS)%2C it lacks a conserved catalytic glutamate residue found in active SS enzymes and it is not expected to have SS activity.
PLAC8 family protein%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function Cys-rich (InterPro:IPR006461)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: PLAC8 family protein (TAIR:AT5G05350.1)%3B Has 314 Blast hits to 313 proteins in 28 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 13%3B Fungi - 8%3B Plants - 293%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 0 (source: NCBI BLink).
F-box family protein%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: F-box domain%2C cyclin-like (InterPro:IPR001810)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: F-box family protein (TAIR:AT1G61340.1)%3B Has 94 Blast hits to 94 proteins in 14 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 94%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 0 (source: NCBI BLink).
Major facilitator superfamily protein%3B LOCATED IN: plasma membrane%3B EXPRESSED IN: 21 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF791 (InterPro:IPR008509)%2C Major facilitator superfamily%2C general substrate transporter (InterPro:IPR016196)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Major facilitator superfamily protein (TAIR:AT3G49310.1)%3B Has 30201 Blast hits to 17322 proteins in 780 species: Archae - 12%3B Bacteria - 1396%3B Metazoa - 17338%3B Fungi - 3422%3B Plants - 5037%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 2996 (source: NCBI BLink).
Protein of unknown function (DUF833)%3B FUNCTIONS IN: molecular_function unknown%3B INVOLVED IN: biological_process unknown%3B LOCATED IN: endomembrane system%3B EXPRESSED IN: 22 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 15 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF833 (InterPro:IPR008551)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF833) (TAIR:AT1G20680.2)%3B Has 30201 Blast hits to 17322 proteins in 780 species: Archae - 12%3B Bacteria - 1396%3B Metazoa - 17338%3B Fungi - 3422%3B Plants - 5037%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 2996 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a YUCCA-like putative flavin monooxygenase%2C the activation tagging mutant has increased level of IAA%2C increased auxin response and phenotype of auxin overproduction%2C rescues erecta mutant phenotype
Encodes a member of MYB3R- and R2R3- type MYB- encoding gene family that acts as a repressor of flavonol biosynthesis. AtMYB7 gene expression is induced by salt treatment.
Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase%2C class Ia family protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: cysteine-tRNA ligase activity%2C nucleotide binding%2C ATP binding%3B INVOLVED IN: response to cadmium ion%2C cysteinyl-tRNA aminoacylation%3B LOCATED IN: cytoplasm%3B EXPRESSED IN: 25 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 15 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Rossmann-like alpha/beta/alpha sandwich fold (InterPro:IPR014729)%2C Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase%2C class Ia (InterPro:IPR002308)%2C Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase%2C class Ia%2C N-terminal (InterPro:IPR015803)%2C Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase%2C class Ia%2C C-terminal (InterPro:IPR015804)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase%2C class Ia family protein (TAIR:AT3G56300.1)%3B Has 11267 Blast hits to 10945 proteins in 2873 species: Archae - 213%3B Bacteria - 6070%3B Metazoa - 419%3B Fungi - 280%3B Plants - 139%3B Viruses - 3%3B Other Eukaryotes - 4143 (source: NCBI BLink).
Arabidopsis thaliana aldehyde dehydrogenase AtALDH1a mRNA. a sinapaldehyde dehydrogenase catalyzes both the oxidation of coniferylaldehyde and sinapaldehyde forming ferulic acid and sinapic acid%2C respectively
encodes a NAC transcription factor whose expression is induced by drought%2C high salt%2C and abscisic acid. This gene binds to ERD1 promoter in vitro.
Encodes a transthyretin-like S-allantoin synthase protein that catalyzes two steps in the allantoin biosynthesis pathway by acting as a hydroxyisourate hydrolase and a 2-oxo-4-hydroxy-4-carboxy-5-ureidoimidazoline (OHCU) decarboxylase. Two alternatively spliced versions of the transcript give rise to a longer peroxisomally-targeted protein (AT5G58220.1 (called TTL1-)) and a slightly shorter cytoplasmic protein (AT5G58220.3 (called TTL2-)). Both have roughly equivalent enzymatic activity in vitro%2C but%2C allantoin biosynthesis is believed to occur in the peroxisome suggesting that the cytosolic form may participate in a different process.
Protein kinase superfamily protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: protein serine/threonine kinase activity%2C protein kinase activity%2C kinase activity%2C ATP binding%3B INVOLVED IN: protein amino acid phosphorylation%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein kinase%2C ATP binding site (InterPro:IPR017441)%2C Protein kinase%2C catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR017442)%2C Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase%2C active site (InterPro:IPR008271)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein kinase superfamily protein (TAIR:AT5G27790.1)%3B Has 109047 Blast hits to 108152 proteins in 3356 species: Archae - 177%3B Bacteria - 12247%3B Metazoa - 40499%3B Fungi - 11642%3B Plants - 25966%3B Viruses - 490%3B Other Eukaryotes - 18026 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes an inositol polyphosphate 3-/6-/5-kinase that is localized to the nucleus. Able to complement a mutation in a yeast transcriptional regulator gene (ARG82/IPK2).
Protein kinase superfamily protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: protein serine/threonine kinase activity%2C protein kinase activity%2C kinase activity%2C ATP binding%3B INVOLVED IN: protein amino acid phosphorylation%3B LOCATED IN: cellular_component unknown%3B EXPRESSED IN: 23 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein kinase%2C ATP binding site (InterPro:IPR017441)%2C Protein kinase%2C catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR017442)%2C Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase%2C active site (InterPro:IPR008271)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein kinase superfamily protein (TAIR:AT1G09440.1)%3B Has 120691 Blast hits to 119279 proteins in 4439 species: Archae - 109%3B Bacteria - 14558%3B Metazoa - 44074%3B Fungi - 10018%3B Plants - 33595%3B Viruses - 426%3B Other Eukaryotes - 17911 (source: NCBI BLink).
encodes a member of the DREB subfamily A-4 of ERF/AP2 transcription factor family. The protein contains one AP2 domain. There are 17 members in this subfamily including TINY.
Protein of unknown function (DUF1118)%3B FUNCTIONS IN: molecular_function unknown%3B INVOLVED IN: biological_process unknown%3B LOCATED IN: chloroplast thylakoid membrane%2C chloroplast%3B EXPRESSED IN: 21 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF1118 (InterPro:IPR009500)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF1118) (TAIR:AT5G08050.1)%3B Has 78 Blast hits to 78 proteins in 18 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 73%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 5 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a protein similar to 1%2C4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid phytyltransferase involved in phylloquinone and plastoquinone biosynthesis. Mutants are pale green and heterotrophic with defects in photosynthetic electron transport.
Encodes PHYTOCHROME RAPIDLY REGULATED1 (PAR1)%2C an atypical basic helix-loop-helix (bHLP) protein. Closely related to PAR2 (At3g58850). Up regulated after simulated shade perception. Acts in the nucleus to control plant development and as a negative regulator of shade avoidance response. Functions as transcriptional repressor of auxin-responsive genes SAUR15 (AT4G38850) and SAUR68 (AT1G29510).
KH domain-containing protein / zinc finger (CCCH type) family protein%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Zinc finger%2C CCCH-type (InterPro:IPR000571)%2C K Homology (InterPro:IPR004087)%2C K Homology%2C type 1%2C subgroup (InterPro:IPR018111)%2C K Homology%2C type 1 (InterPro:IPR004088)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: KH domain-containing protein / zinc finger (CCCH type) family protein (TAIR:AT3G12130.1)%3B Has 1807 Blast hits to 1807 proteins in 277 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 736%3B Fungi - 347%3B Plants - 385%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 339 (source: NCBI BLink).
Arabidopsis thaliana CBL-interacting protein kinase 23. CIPK23 serves as a positive regulator of the potassium transporter AKT1 by directly phosphorylating AKT1. CIPK23 is activated by the binding of two calcineurin B-like proteins%2C CBL1 and CBL9.
Encodes a phosphoethanolamine N-methyltransferase that catalyses the last two methylation steps of the three sequential methylations of phosphoethanolamine (PEA) that are required for the synthesis of phosphocholine (PCho) in plants.
Encodes a member of the TBL (TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE) gene family containing a plant-specific DUF231 (domain of unknown function) domain. TBL gene family has 46 members%2C two of which (TBR/AT5G06700 and TBL3/AT5G01360) have been shown to be involved in the synthesis and deposition of secondary wall cellulose%2C presumably by influencing the esterification state of pectic polymers. A nomenclature for this gene family has been proposed (Volker Bischoff %26 Wolf Scheible%2C 2010%2C personal communication).
Predicted to encode a PR (pathogenesis-related) protein. Belongs to the plant defensin (PDF) family with the following members: At1g75830/PDF1.1%2C At5g44420/PDF1.2a%2C At2g26020/PDF1.2b%2C At5g44430/PDF1.2c%2C At2g26010/PDF1.3%2C At1g19610/PDF1.4%2C At1g55010/PDF1.5%2C At2g02120/PDF2.1%2C At2g02100/PDF2.2%2C At2g02130/PDF2.3%2C At1g61070/PDF2.4%2C At5g63660/PDF2.5%2C At2g02140/PDF2.6%2C At5g38330/PDF3.1 and At4g30070/PDF3.2.
Protein of unknown function (DUF1012)%3B LOCATED IN: chloroplast%2C chloroplast envelope%3B EXPRESSED IN: 23 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF1012 (InterPro:IPR010420)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF1012) (TAIR:AT5G02940.1)%3B Has 30201 Blast hits to 17322 proteins in 780 species: Archae - 12%3B Bacteria - 1396%3B Metazoa - 17338%3B Fungi - 3422%3B Plants - 5037%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 2996 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a protein with 3%2C8-divinyl protochlorophyllide a 8-vinyl reductase activity. Mutants accumulate divinyl chlorophyll rather than monovinyl chlorophyll.
Protein of unknown function (DUF1218)%3B FUNCTIONS IN: molecular_function unknown%3B INVOLVED IN: biological_process unknown%3B LOCATED IN: plasma membrane%3B EXPRESSED IN: 22 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF1218 (InterPro:IPR009606)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF1218) (TAIR:AT1G52910.1)%3B Has 522 Blast hits to 522 proteins in 99 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 522%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 0 (source: NCBI BLink).
Protein of unknown function (DUF1644)%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF1644 (InterPro:IPR012866)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF1644) (TAIR:AT1G80220.1)%3B Has 273 Blast hits to 249 proteins in 14 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 273%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 0 (source: NCBI BLink).
encodes a type-II membrane protein that catalyzes 4-epimerization of UDP-D-Xylose to UDP-L-Arabinose in vitro%2C the nucleotide sugar used by glycosyltransferases in the arabinosylation of cell wall polysaccharides and wall-resident proteoglycans.
SAUR-like auxin-responsive protein family %3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Auxin responsive SAUR protein (InterPro:IPR003676)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: SAUR-like auxin-responsive protein family (TAIR:AT1G72430.1)%3B Has 120 Blast hits to 120 proteins in 13 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 120%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 0 (source: NCBI BLink).
CINV1 / A/N-InvG is an alkaline/neutral invertase that breaks sucrose down into fructose and glucose (GH100). The exact localization of CINV1 remains under investigation but there is evidence that fluorescently-tagged CINV1 localizes to the cytoplasm. atinvg mutants have reduced root growth%2C reduced invertase activity%2C and increased expression of antioxidant genes under basal conditions. The levels of CINV1 / A/N-InvG transcripts rise in response to a hydrogen peroxide treatment. The protein has been shown to interact with PIP5K9.
Encodes pPLAIIIbeta%2C a member of the Group 3 patatin-related phospholipases. pPLAIIIbeta hydrolyzes phospholipids and galactolipids and additionally has acyl-CoA thioesterase activity. Alterations of pPLAIII%26#946%3B result in changes in lipid levels and composition.
Encodes a membrane-localized protein that is predicted to function during cell wall modification.Overexpression of XTH33 results in abnormal cell morphology. It's expression is under epigenetic control by ATX1.
Encodes PGRL1A%2C a transmembrane protein present in thylakoids. PGRL1A has a highly homologous isoform PGRL1B encoded by At4g11960. Plants lacking PGRL1 show perturbation of cyclic electron flow%2C similar to PGR5-deficient plants. PGRL1 and PGR5 interact physically and associate with PSI (photosystem I).
LOB domain-containing protein 25 (LBD25)%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Lateral organ boundaries%2C LOB (InterPro:IPR004883)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Lateral organ boundaries (LOB) domain family protein (TAIR:AT5G63090.4)%3B Has 960 Blast hits to 955 proteins in 25 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 960%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 0 (source: NCBI BLink).
Member of a diversely expressed predicted peptide family showing sequence similarity to tobacco Rapid Alkalinization Factor (RALF)%2C and is believed to play an essential role in the physiology of Arabidopsis. Consists of a single exon and is characterized by a conserved C-terminal motif and N-terminal signal peptide.
encodes an EP3 chitinase that is expressed during somatic embryogenesis in 'nursing' cells surrounding the embryos but not in embryos themselves. The gene is also expressed in mature pollen and growing pollen tubes until they enter the receptive synergid%2C but not in endosperm and integuments as in carrot. Post-embryonically%2C expression is found in hydathodes%2C stipules%2C root epidermis and emerging root hairs.
Encodes a prolyl-4 hydroxylase that can hydroxylate poly(L-proline)and other proline rich peptides%2C including those with sequences corresponding to those in arabinogalactan proteins and extensins.
Encodes a plastidic lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LPAAT). Is critical for chloroplasts phosphatidic acid biosynthesis. The null allele is embryo lethal.
Class III peroxidase Perx34. Expressed in roots%2C leaves and stems. Located in the cell wall. Involved in cell elongation. Expression activated by light. May play a role in generating H2O2 during defense response.
Encodes a mitochondrial matrix localized peroxiredoxin involved in redox homeostasis. Knockout mutants have reduced root growth under certain oxidative stress conditions.
Plant protein of unknown function (DUF946)%3B FUNCTIONS IN: molecular_function unknown%3B INVOLVED IN: biological_process unknown%3B LOCATED IN: endomembrane system%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF946 (InterPro:IPR009291)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Plant protein of unknown function (DUF946) (TAIR:AT3G01870.1)%3B Has 287 Blast hits to 285 proteins in 76 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 16%3B Metazoa - 29%3B Fungi - 107%3B Plants - 134%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 1 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes homogentisate phytyltransferase involved in tocopherol biosynthesis. Has impact on seed longevity and plays a role in the adaptation to low temperature stress%2C notably phloem loading.
Encodes a zinc finger protein involved in high light and cold acclimation. Overexpression of this putative transcription factor increases the expression level of 9 cold-responsive genes and represses the expression level of 15 cold-responsive genes%2C including CBF genes. Also%2C lines overexpressing this gene exhibits a small but reproducible increase in freeze tolerance. Because of the repression of the CBF genes by the overexpression of this gene%2C the authors speculate that this gene may be involved in negative regulatory circuit of the CBF pathway.
Encodes a putative UDP-glucosyl transferase. At1g22380 was initially identified as encoding the protein AAF87154%2C which has been classified as a bHLH protein (AtbHLH152). Subsequently it has been found that the AAF87154 protein appears to be encoded by the AT1G23970 genomic locus.
isolated from differential screening of a cDNA library from auxin-treated root culture. sequence does not show homology to any known proteins and is predicted to be extracellular.
Encodes Lhcb2.4. Belongs to the Lhc super-gene family encodes the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding (LHC) proteins that constitute the antenna system of the photosynthetic apparatus.
CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein BYPASS related (InterPro:IPR008511)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF793) (TAIR:AT4G23530.1)%3B Has 1807 Blast hits to 1807 proteins in 277 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 736%3B Fungi - 347%3B Plants - 385%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 339 (source: NCBI BLink).
E3 ubiquitin ligase SCF complex subunit SKP1/ASK1 (At3)%2C putative%2C E3 ubiquitin ligase%3B similar to fimbriata-associated protein fap1 GI:2673868 from (Antirrhinum majus. Interacts with F-box proteins.
Encodes a member of the WNK family (9 members in all) of protein kinases%2C the structural design of which is clearly distinct from those of other known protein kinases%2C such as receptor-like kinases and mitogen-activated protein kinases. Its transcription is under the control of circadian rhythms.
Protein of unknown function (DUF506) %3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF506%2C plant (InterPro:IPR006502)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF506) (TAIR:AT2G38820.2)%3B Has 395 Blast hits to 393 proteins in 24 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 393%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 2 (source: NCBI BLink).
Uncharacterised protein family (UPF0497)%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Uncharacterised protein family UPF0497%2C trans-membrane plant (InterPro:IPR006702)%2C Uncharacterised protein family UPF0497%2C trans-membrane plant subgroup (InterPro:IPR006459)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Uncharacterised protein family (UPF0497) (TAIR:AT3G06390.1)%3B Has 30201 Blast hits to 17322 proteins in 780 species: Archae - 12%3B Bacteria - 1396%3B Metazoa - 17338%3B Fungi - 3422%3B Plants - 5037%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 2996 (source: NCBI BLink).
This gene is predicted to encode a silencing group A protein. Plant lines expressing RNAi constructs directed against SGA1 have reduced levels of agrobacterium-mediated root transformation. Its expression is regulated during cell cycle progression through E2F transcription factors.
A nuclear-encoded thylakoid lumenal protein that is associated with photosystem I (PSI) but is not an integral subunit of PSI. It is an PSI assembly factor that assists the proper folding and integration of PsaB and PsaA into the thylakoid membrane. It is involved in the assembly of PSI reaction center heterodimer core.
Protein of unknown function (DUF3537)%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF3537 (InterPro:IPR021924)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF3537) (TAIR:AT1G50630.1)%3B Has 143 Blast hits to 143 proteins in 16 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 141%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 2 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a protein with C22-sterol desaturase activity. The enzyme was shown to catalyze in the presence of NADPH the conversion of %26beta%3B-sitosterol to stigmasterol%2C but not that of 24-%3Ci%3Eepi%3C/i%3E-campesterol to brassicasterol (unlike CYP710A2).
Encodes a type I metacaspase. Two Arabidopsis metacaspases%2C AT1G02170 (MC1) and AT4G25110 (MC2) antagonistically control programmed cell death in Arabidopsis. MC1 is a positive regulator of cell death and requires conserved caspase-like putative catalytic residues for its function. MC2 negatively regulates cell death. This function is independent of the putative catalytic residues. A third type I Arabidopsis metacaspase is MC3 (AT5g64240).
Encodes a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein localized primarily in the plasma membrane of the longitudinal sides of root cells. Necessary for oriented cell expansion in Arabidopsis. Cob mutants have abnormal roots that expand radially rather than longitudinally under certain growth conditions.
Protein of unknown function (DUF1336)%3B INVOLVED IN: N-terminal protein myristoylation%3B LOCATED IN: chloroplast%3B EXPRESSED IN: 24 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 15 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF1336 (InterPro:IPR009769)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF1336) (TAIR:AT1G59650.1)%3B Has 292 Blast hits to 292 proteins in 32 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 6%3B Fungi - 5%3B Plants - 234%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 47 (source: NCBI BLink).
Rer1 family protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: molecular_function unknown%3B INVOLVED IN: biological_process unknown%3B LOCATED IN: integral to membrane%3B EXPRESSED IN: 23 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Retrieval of early ER protein Rer1 (InterPro:IPR004932)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: endoplasmatic reticulum retrieval protein 1B (TAIR:AT2G21600.1)%3B Has 511 Blast hits to 511 proteins in 212 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 154%3B Fungi - 148%3B Plants - 128%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 81 (source: NCBI BLink).
Member of a diversely expressed predicted peptide family showing sequence similarity to tobacco Rapid Alkalinization Factor (RALF)%2C and is believed to play an essential role in the physiology of Arabidopsis. Consists of a single exon and is characterized by a conserved C-terminal motif and N-terminal signal peptide.
Protein of unknown function (DUF1191)%3B FUNCTIONS IN: molecular_function unknown%3B INVOLVED IN: biological_process unknown%3B LOCATED IN: plasma membrane%3B EXPRESSED IN: 23 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF1191 (InterPro:IPR010605)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF1191) (TAIR:AT4G22900.1)%3B Has 124 Blast hits to 124 proteins in 15 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 2%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 122%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 0 (source: NCBI BLink).
BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: F-box/RNI-like/FBD-like domains-containing protein (TAIR:AT2G26030.3)%3B Has 310 Blast hits to 305 proteins in 3 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 310%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 0 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a polygalacturonase inhibiting protein involved in plant defense response. PGIPs inhibit the activity of pectin degrading enzymes such as those produced by fungal pathogens. PGIP2 is induced by fungal infection and methyl jasmonate.Suppressed in the proton sensitive stop1-mutant%2C but the transcription level was recovered by transformation of STOP2. Knockout mutant showed severe damage in the root tip in low Ca and low pH medium.
encodes a novel subunit of the chloroplast NAD(P)H dehydrogenase complex%2C involved in cyclic electron flow around photosystem I to produce ATP. Contains a 4Fe-4S cluster.
Encodes a member of the Arabidopsis Pumilio (APUM) proteins containing PUF domain (eight repeats of approximately 36 amino acids each). PUF proteins regulate both mRNA stability and translation through sequence-specific binding to the 3' UTR of target mRNA transcripts.
Member of Alpha-Expansin Gene Family. Naming convention from the Expansin Working Group (Kende et al%2C Plant Mol Bio). Involved in the formation of nematode-induced syncytia in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana.
encodes an ortholog of GRP94%2C an ER-resident HSP90-like protein and is involved in regulation of meristem size and organization. Single and double mutant analyses suggest that SHD may be required for the correct folding and/or complex formation of CLV proteins. Lines carrying recessive mutations in this locus exhibits expanded shoot meristems%2C disorganized root meristems%2C and defective pollen tube elongation. Transcript is detected in all tissues examined and is not induced by heat. Endoplasmin supports the protein secretory pathway and has a role in proliferating tissues.
RNA-binding protein%2C putative%2C RNA-binding protein RBP37%2C Arabidopsis thaliana%2C PIR:T04196.Member of a family of PAB2 domain containing proteins.
Encodes a protein containing the NFU domain that may be involved in iron-sulfur cluster assembly. Part of a five member gene family%2C more closely related to NFU1 and 2 than to NFU4 and 5. Targeted to the chloroplast.
Encodes a protein disulfide isomerase-like (PDIL) protein%2C a member of a multigene family within the thioredoxin (TRX) superfamily. Transcript levels for this gene are up-regulated in response to three different chemical inducers of ER stress (dithiothreitol%2C beta-mercaptoethanol%2C and tunicamycin). AtIRE1-2 does not appear to be required for this response%2C but the atbzip60 mutant has a diminished response.
Encodes a protein with sequence similarity to RING%2C zinc finger proteins. Loss of function mutations show reduced (15%25) stomatal aperture under non stress conditions.
Encodes one of the two redundant sphingoid base hydroxylases (SBH). Involved in sphingolipid trihydroxy long-chain base (4-hydroxysphinganine) biosynthesis. Double mutants of SBHs were dwarfed and not able to progress from vegetative to reproductive growth.
Encodes a member of the dehydroascorbate reductase gene family. Critical for a mutualistic symbiosis between the host Arabidopsis and the root colonizing fungus Piriformospora indica.
Nucleotide-sugar transporter family protein%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF250 (InterPro:IPR004853)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Nucleotide-sugar transporter family protein (TAIR:AT1G21070.1)%3B Has 1975 Blast hits to 1967 proteins in 210 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 20%3B Metazoa - 359%3B Fungi - 295%3B Plants - 1101%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 200 (source: NCBI BLink).
Nucleotide-sugar transporter family protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: organic anion transmembrane transporter activity%3B LOCATED IN: membrane%3B EXPRESSED IN: 22 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF6%2C transmembrane (InterPro:IPR000620)%2C Protein of unknown function DUF250 (InterPro:IPR004853)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Nucleotide-sugar transporter family protein (TAIR:AT3G11320.1)%3B Has 2763 Blast hits to 2761 proteins in 260 species: Archae - 6%3B Bacteria - 37%3B Metazoa - 632%3B Fungi - 440%3B Plants - 1334%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 314 (source: NCBI BLink).
DENN (AEX-3) domain-containing protein%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: uDENN (InterPro:IPR005113)%2C dDENN (InterPro:IPR005112)%2C DENN (InterPro:IPR001194)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: DENN (AEX-3) domain-containing protein (TAIR:AT2G20320.1)%3B Has 35333 Blast hits to 34131 proteins in 2444 species: Archae - 798%3B Bacteria - 22429%3B Metazoa - 974%3B Fungi - 991%3B Plants - 531%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 9610 (source: NCBI BLink).
Protein of unknown function%2C DUF538%3B INVOLVED IN: biological_process unknown%3B LOCATED IN: vacuole%3B EXPRESSED IN: 23 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF538 (InterPro:IPR007493)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function%2C DUF538 (TAIR:AT5G19860.1)%3B Has 529 Blast hits to 529 proteins in 37 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 12%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 516%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 1 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a homeodomain containing protein that regulates lateral axis-dependent development of Arabidopsis flowers and is required for cell proliferation. It is expressed in a restricted number of L1 cells at the lateral regions of flower primordia%2C floral organ primordia%2C and young leaf primordia.
Ribosomal protein L18ae family%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Ribosomal protein L18ae family (TAIR:AT1G17080.1)%3B Has 132 Blast hits to 132 proteins in 17 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 2%3B Metazoa - 0%3B Fungi - 0%3B Plants - 129%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 1 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. While not required for virus-induced post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS)%2C it can promote turnover of viral RNAs in infected plants. Nomenclature according to Xie%2C et al. (2004). Involved in the production of Cucumber Mosaic Virus siRNAs.
Encodes a plant-specific glucan phosphatase that contains a noncatalytic carbohydrate-binding module as well as a dual specificity protein phosphatase domain. SEX4 can dephosphorylate C6- and C3-glucosyl residues on native starch grains and related maltodextrin compounds in vitro. This protein interacts with the plant SnRK AKIN11%2C binds starch%2C and is localized in the chloroplast. sex4 mutants have elevated levels of starch.
FUNCTIONS IN: structural constituent of ribosome%3B INVOLVED IN: N-terminal protein myristoylation%2C translation%3B LOCATED IN: ribosome%2C intracellular%3B EXPRESSED IN: 20 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 12 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Ribosomal protein L34e (InterPro:IPR008195)%2C Protein of unknown function DUF1666 (InterPro:IPR012870)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF1666) (TAIR:AT5G39785.1)%3B Has 289 Blast hits to 276 proteins in 65 species: Archae - 3%3B Bacteria - 18%3B Metazoa - 43%3B Fungi - 27%3B Plants - 92%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 106 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes AZI1 (AZELAIC ACID INDUCED 1). Involved in the priming of salicylic acid induction and systemic immunity triggered by pathogen or azelaic acid.
Encodes a thylakoid lumen protein that was initially believed to act as a microsomal ascorbate peroxidase APX4 but to date%2C no evidence of enzymatic activity has been found.
Uncharacterised protein family (UPF0497)%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Uncharacterised protein family UPF0497%2C trans-membrane plant (InterPro:IPR006702)%2C Uncharacterised protein family UPF0497%2C trans-membrane plant subgroup (InterPro:IPR006459)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Uncharacterised protein family (UPF0497) (TAIR:AT1G17200.1)%3B Has 1807 Blast hits to 1807 proteins in 277 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 0%3B Metazoa - 736%3B Fungi - 347%3B Plants - 385%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 339 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a member of the ERF (ethylene response factor) subfamily B-3 of ERF/AP2 transcription factor family (ATERF-1). The protein contains one AP2 domain. There are 18 members in this subfamily including ATERF-1%2C ATERF-2%2C AND ATERF-5.
hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein family protein%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein family protein (TAIR:AT5G52430.1)%3B Has 940 Blast hits to 722 proteins in 169 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 80%3B Metazoa - 158%3B Fungi - 130%3B Plants - 239%3B Viruses - 59%3B Other Eukaryotes - 274 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a plastidic beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase II%2C involved in fatty acid elongation from 16:0-ACP to 18:0-ACP. Homozygous knock-out mutants are embryo lethal%2C indicating early embryo development is sensitive to elevated 16:0.
Encodes a protein shown to have carboxylesterase activity%2C methyl IAA esterase activity%2C and methyl jasmonate esterase activity in vitro. This protein does not act on methyl salicylate%2C MeGA4%2C or MEGA9 in vitro.
This gene is predicted to encode an ER-localized adenine nucleotide transporter with six putative transmembrane helices. It appears to act as a ATP:ADP antiporter when expressed in E.coli plasma membranes. Transcript levels for several ER-localized chaperones (e.g. BIP1/2) and other ATP-requiring ER proteins (e.g. CPK2) are reduced in er-ant1 knock-out lines%2C suggesting a lack of adequate ATP transport into the ER in these mutants. They also have reduced seed oil and seed protein levels.
S2P-like putative metalloprotease%2C also contain transmembrane helices near their C-termini and many of them%2C five of seven%2C contain a conserved zinc-binding motif HEXXH. Homolog of EGY1. Each of the EGY1 and EGY-like proteins share two additional highly conserved motifs%2C the previously reported NPDG motif (aa 442%E2%80%93454 in EGY1%2C Rudner et al.%2C 1999) and a newly defined GNLR motif (aa 171%E2%80%93179 in EGY1). The GNLR motif is a novel signature motif unique to EGY1 and EGY-like proteins as well as other EGY1 orthologs found in cyanobacteria.
Encodes a putative pectin methylesterase/invertase inhibitor. Anti-sense reduction of this gene's transcript results in pollen tube growth retardation and then partial male sterility and reduced seed set.
encodes a putative transcription factor that contains a homeodomain closely linked to a leucine zipper motif. Transcript is detected in all tissues examined. Is transcriptionally regulated in an ABA-dependent manner and may act in a signal transduction pathway which mediates a drought response.
Protein of unknown function (DUF1005)%3B LOCATED IN: plasma membrane%3B EXPRESSED IN: 22 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF1005 (InterPro:IPR010410)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein of unknown function (DUF1005) (TAIR:AT1G50040.1)%3B Has 782 Blast hits to 189 proteins in 38 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 22%3B Metazoa - 12%3B Fungi - 23%3B Plants - 137%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 588 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a transcription factor. Like other TGAla-related factors%2C TGA3 has a highly conserved bZIP region and exhibits similar DNA-binding properties.
Encodes an inorganic phosphate transporter (PHT4%3B4) that can transport ascorbate and is located in the chloroplast envelope membrane. It has been shown to play a role in the xanthophyll cycle during photosynthesis and may be required for tolerance to strong light stress.
Nucleotide/sugar transporter family protein%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF250 (InterPro:IPR004853)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Nucleotide/sugar transporter family protein (TAIR:AT5G55950.1)%3B Has 2192 Blast hits to 2189 proteins in 223 species: Archae - 0%3B Bacteria - 8%3B Metazoa - 527%3B Fungi - 398%3B Plants - 1015%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 244 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a novel Cys-rich protein with a B-box like domain that acts as a negative regulator of meristem cell accumulation in inflorescence and floral meristems as loss-of-function ult1 mutations cause inflorescence meristem enlargement%2C the production of extra flowers and floral organs%2C and a decrease in floral meristem determinacy. Acts opposite to CLF which represses AG%2C but preventing deposition of CLF repressive methylation marks.
Encodes a protein that has peptide:N-glycanase activity in enzymatic assay in heterologous systems (although the activity was not detected in wild-type plants).
Encodes a member of the monodehydroascorbate reductase gene family. Critical for a mutualistic symbiosis between the host Arabidopsis and the root colonizing fungus Piriformospora indica.
Contains two ring finger domains and one ZZ domain. Week similarity to yeast Rad18p. Putative component of the N-end rule pathway (ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis).
Encodes a ribosomal-protein S6 kinase. Gene expression is induced by cold and salt (NaCl). Activation of AtS6k is regulated by 1-naphthylacetic acid and kinetin%2C at least in part%2C via a lipid kinase-dependent pathway. Phosphorylates specifically mammalian and plant S6 at 25 degrees C but not at 37 degrees C. Involved in translational up-regulation of ribosomal proteins.
a member of the plasma membrane intrinsic protein subfamily PIP2. localizes to the plasma membrane and exhibits water transport activity in Xenopus oocyte. expressed specifically in the vascular bundles and protein level increases slightly during leaf dev. When expressed in yeast cells can conduct hydrogen peroxide into those cells.
Protein kinase superfamily protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: protein serine/threonine kinase activity%2C protein kinase activity%2C kinase activity%2C ATP binding%3B INVOLVED IN: protein amino acid phosphorylation%3B LOCATED IN: plasma membrane%3B EXPRESSED IN: 22 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 13 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein kinase%2C ATP binding site (InterPro:IPR017441)%2C Protein kinase%2C catalytic domain (InterPro:IPR000719)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR017442)%2C Protein kinase-like domain (InterPro:IPR011009)%2C Serine/threonine-protein kinase%2C active site (InterPro:IPR008271)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Protein kinase superfamily protein (TAIR:AT2G42960.1)%3B Has 122106 Blast hits to 120621 proteins in 4377 species: Archae - 108%3B Bacteria - 14665%3B Metazoa - 44546%3B Fungi - 10342%3B Plants - 33653%3B Viruses - 419%3B Other Eukaryotes - 18373 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a zinc finger protein and is expressed at high levels in the shoot apex%2C including the apical meristem%2C developing leaves and the developing vascular system. expression induced three days post germination. T-DNA insertion mutant has a dominant phenotype in leaf initiation.
encodes a member of the DREB subfamily A-4 of ERF/AP2 transcription factor family. The protein contains one AP2 domain. There are 17 members in this subfamily including TINY.
Nucleotide-sugar transporter family protein%3B FUNCTIONS IN: organic anion transmembrane transporter activity%3B LOCATED IN: endomembrane system%2C membrane%3B EXPRESSED IN: 19 plant structures%3B EXPRESSED DURING: 11 growth stages%3B CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Protein of unknown function DUF6%2C transmembrane (InterPro:IPR000620)%2C Protein of unknown function DUF250 (InterPro:IPR004853)%3B BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: Nucleotide-sugar transporter family protein (TAIR:AT5G05820.1)%3B Has 3089 Blast hits to 3084 proteins in 315 species: Archae - 10%3B Bacteria - 135%3B Metazoa - 742%3B Fungi - 470%3B Plants - 1357%3B Viruses - 0%3B Other Eukaryotes - 375 (source: NCBI BLink).
Encodes a chloroplast protein RPH1 (resistance to Phytophthora 1). Involved in immune response to Phytophthora brassicae. rph1 mutant plants (in Ws background) are susceptible to P. brassicae.
Encodes a member of SYP4 Gene Family that is a plant ortholog of the Tlg2/syntaxin16 Qa-SNARE. Together with SYP42%2C it regulates the secretory and vacuolar transport pathways in the post-Golgi network and maintains the morphology of the Golgi apparatus and TGN and is required for extracellular resistance responses to a fungal pathogen.
Encodes a vacuolar processing enzyme belonging to a novel group of cysteine proteinases that is expressed in vegetative organs and is upregulated in association with various types of cell death and under stressed conditions. They are essential in processing seed storage proteins and for mediating the susceptible response of toxin-induced cell death.
GO
domain
Definition
P-value
maltose metabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving the disaccharide maltose (4-O-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose), an intermediate in the catabolism of glycogen and starch." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732]
4.02e-03
response to reactive oxygen species
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a reactive oxygen species stimulus. Reactive oxygen species include singlet oxygen, superoxide, and oxygen free radicals." [GOC:krc]
3.81e-04
peptide receptor activity
molecular_function
"Combining with an extracellular or intracellular peptide to initiate a change in cell activity." [GOC:jl]
2.75e-03
immune system process
biological_process
"Any process involved in the development or functioning of the immune system, an organismal system for calibrated responses to potential internal or invasive threats." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05]
2.78e-02
nucleic acid binding
molecular_function
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any nucleic acid." [GOC:jl]
4.89e-02
DNA binding
molecular_function
"Any molecular function by which a gene product interacts selectively and non-covalently with DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)." [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb, GOC:vw]
1.74e-02
glutathione transferase activity
molecular_function
"Catalysis of the reaction: R-X + glutathione = H-X + R-S-glutathione. R may be an aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic group; X may be a sulfate, nitrile or halide group." [EC:2.5.1.18]
1.05e-03
peroxidase activity
molecular_function
"Catalysis of the reaction: donor + hydrogen peroxide = oxidized donor + 2 H2O." [EC:1.11.1.7]
2.10e-02
transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase activity
molecular_function
"Combining with a signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity by catalysis of the reaction: ATP protein serine = ADP + protein serine phosphate, and ATP + protein threonine = ADP + protein threonine phosphate." [EC:2.7.11.30]
1.29e-03
nucleolus
cellular_component
"A small, dense body one or more of which are present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is rich in RNA and protein, is not bounded by a limiting membrane, and is not seen during mitosis. Its prime function is the transcription of the nucleolar DNA into 45S ribosomal-precursor RNA, the processing of this RNA into 5.8S, 18S, and 28S components of ribosomal RNA, and the association of these components with 5S RNA and proteins synthesized outside the nucleolus. This association results in the formation of ribonucleoprotein precursors; these pass into the cytoplasm and mature into the 40S and 60S subunits of the ribosome." [ISBN:0198506732]
3.65e-02
vacuole
cellular_component
"A closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. Cells contain one or several vacuoles, that may have different functions from each other. Vacuoles have a diverse array of functions. They can act as a storage organelle for nutrients or waste products, as a degradative compartment, as a cost-effective way of increasing cell size, and as a homeostatic regulator controlling both turgor pressure and pH of the cytosol." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198506732]
2.72e-02
endoplasmic reticulum lumen
cellular_component
"The volume enclosed by the membranes of the endoplasmic reticulum." [ISBN:0198547684]
3.65e-02
Golgi apparatus
cellular_component
"A compound membranous cytoplasmic organelle of eukaryotic cells, consisting of flattened, ribosome-free vesicles arranged in a more or less regular stack. The Golgi apparatus differs from the endoplasmic reticulum in often having slightly thicker membranes, appearing in sections as a characteristic shallow semicircle so that the convex side (cis or entry face) abuts the endoplasmic reticulum, secretory vesicles emerging from the concave side (trans or exit face). In vertebrate cells there is usually one such organelle, while in invertebrates and plants, where they are known usually as dictyosomes, there may be several scattered in the cytoplasm. The Golgi apparatus processes proteins produced on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum; such processing includes modification of the core oligosaccharides of glycoproteins, and the sorting and packaging of proteins for transport to a variety of cellular locations. Three different regions of the Golgi are now recognized both in terms of structure and function: cis, in the vicinity of the cis face, trans, in the vicinity of the trans face, and medial, lying between the cis and trans regions." [ISBN:0198506732]
3.43e-03
plasma membrane
cellular_component
"The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins." [ISBN:0716731363]
3.01e-04
pentose-phosphate shunt
biological_process
"The glucose-6-phosphate catabolic process in which, coupled to NADPH synthesis, glucose-6-P is oxidized with the formation of carbon dioxide (CO2) and ribulose 5-phosphate; ribulose 5-P then enters a series of reactions interconverting sugar phosphates. The pentose phosphate pathway is a major source of reducing equivalents for biosynthesis reactions and is also important for the conversion of hexoses to pentoses." [ISBN:0198506732, MetaCyc:PENTOSE-P-PWY]
1.89e-02
nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process
biological_process
"Any cellular metabolic process involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids." [GOC:ai]
6.59e-03
DNA metabolic process
biological_process
"Any cellular metabolic process involving deoxyribonucleic acid. This is one of the two main types of nucleic acid, consisting of a long, unbranched macromolecule formed from one, or more commonly, two, strands of linked deoxyribonucleotides." [ISBN:0198506732]
4.60e-03
mRNA processing
biological_process
"Any process involved in the conversion of a primary mRNA transcript into one or more mature mRNA(s) prior to translation into polypeptide." [GOC:mah]
3.30e-02
protein phosphorylation
biological_process
"The process of introducing a phosphate group on to a protein." [GOC:hb]
4.89e-02
protein dephosphorylation
biological_process
"The process of removing one or more phosphoric residues from a protein." [GOC:hb]
2.49e-02
tryptophan metabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving tryptophan, the chiral amino acid 2-amino-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)propanoic acid." [ISBN:0198547684]
1.25e-02
sphingolipid metabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving sphingolipids, any of a class of lipids containing the long-chain amine diol sphingosine or a closely related base (a sphingoid)." [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732]
4.40e-02
glutathione metabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving glutathione, the tripeptide glutamylcysteinylglycine, which acts as a coenzyme for some enzymes and as an antioxidant in the protection of sulfhydryl groups in enzymes and other proteins; it has a specific role in the reduction of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and oxidized ascorbate, and it participates in the gamma-glutamyl cycle." [CHEBI:16856, ISBN:0198506732]
1.55e-02
ion transport
biological_process
"The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore." [GOC:ai]
4.85e-02
response to stress
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation)." [GOC:mah]
7.56e-06
defense response
biological_process
"Reactions, triggered in response to the presence of a foreign body or the occurrence of an injury, which result in restriction of damage to the organism attacked or prevention/recovery from the infection caused by the attack." [GOC:go_curators]
2.26e-05
immune response
biological_process
"Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:mtg_15nov05]
2.78e-02
response to oxidative stress
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of oxidative stress, a state often resulting from exposure to high levels of reactive oxygen species, e.g. superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and hydroxyl radicals." [GOC:jl, PMID:12115731]
6.60e-05
transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway
biological_process
"A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell where the receptor possesses serine/threonine kinase activity, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription." [GOC:mah, GOC:signaling]
1.29e-03
toxin catabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of toxin, a poisonous compound (typically a protein) that is produced by cells or organisms and that can cause disease when introduced into the body or tissues of an organism." [GOC:go_curators]
2.62e-04
response to heat
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a heat stimulus, a temperature stimulus above the optimal temperature for that organism." [GOC:lr]
3.17e-02
response to cold
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cold stimulus, a temperature stimulus below the optimal temperature for that organism." [GOC:lr]
4.57e-02
response to water deprivation
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a water deprivation stimulus, prolonged deprivation of water." [GOC:lr]
2.75e-03
response to water
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus reflecting the presence, absence, or concentration of water." [GOC:jl]
3.04e-02
plant-type cell wall
cellular_component
"A more or less rigid stucture lying outside the cell membrane of a cell and composed of cellulose and pectin and other organic and inorganic substances." [ISBN:0471245208]
4.74e-03
plasmodesma
cellular_component
"A fine cytoplasmic channel, found in all higher plants, that connects the cytoplasm of one cell to that of an adjacent cell." [ISBN:0198506732]
1.37e-03
chloroplast
cellular_component
"A chlorophyll-containing plastid with thylakoids organized into grana and frets, or stroma thylakoids, and embedded in a stroma." [ISBN:0471245208]
1.93e-03
photosystem II
cellular_component
"A photosystem that contains a pheophytin-quinone reaction center with associated accessory pigments and electron carriers. In cyanobacteria and chloroplasts, in the presence of light, PSII functions as a water-plastoquinone oxidoreductase, transferring electrons from water to plastoquinone, whereas other photosynthetic bacteria carry out anoxygenic photosynthesis and oxidize other compounds to re-reduce the photoreaction center." [GOC:ds, GOC:mah, ISBN:0943088399, PMID:9821949]
3.86e-03
chloroplast thylakoid
cellular_component
"Sac-like membranous structures (cisternae) in a chloroplast combined into stacks (grana) and present singly in the stroma (stroma thylakoids or frets) as interconnections between grana. An example of this component is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0943883999]
1.48e-03
chloroplast thylakoid membrane
cellular_component
"The pigmented membrane of a chloroplast thylakoid. An example of this component is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:lr, GOC:mtg_sensu]
6.60e-05
chloroplast thylakoid lumen
cellular_component
"The cavity enclosed within the chloroplast thylakoid membrane. An example of this component is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:006501037]
9.24e-05
chloroplast stroma
cellular_component
"The space enclosed by the double membrane of a chloroplast but excluding the thylakoid space. It contains DNA, ribosomes and some temporary products of photosynthesis." [ISBN:0198547684]
3.65e-02
thylakoid
cellular_component
"A membranous cellular structure that bears the photosynthetic pigments in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria. In cyanobacteria thylakoids are of various shapes and are attached to, or continuous with, the plasma membrane. In eukaryotes they are flattened, membrane-bounded disk-like structures located in the chloroplasts; in the chloroplasts of higher plants the thylakoids form dense stacks called grana. Isolated thylakoid preparations can carry out photosynthetic electron transport and the associated phosphorylation." [GOC:ds, GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198506732]
2.45e-03
response to biotic stimulus
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a biotic stimulus, a stimulus caused or produced by a living organism." [GOC:hb]
2.45e-04
response to wounding
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to the organism." [GOC:go_curators]
3.65e-02
response to mechanical stimulus
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a mechanical stimulus." [GOC:hb]
3.86e-03
response to bacterium
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a bacterium." [GOC:hb]
3.45e-03
response to insect
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from an insect." [GOC:hb]
4.89e-02
systemic acquired resistance
biological_process
"The salicylic acid mediated response to a pathogen which confers broad spectrum resistance." [GOC:lr, ISBN:052143641]
2.75e-03
response to abiotic stimulus
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an abiotic (non-living) stimulus." [GOC:hb]
3.12e-04
response to toxic substance
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a toxic stimulus." [GOC:lr]
8.50e-03
photosystem II oxygen evolving complex
cellular_component
"A complex, composed of a cluster of manganese, calcium and chloride ions bound to extrinsic proteins, that catalyzes the splitting of water to O2 and 4 H+. In cyanobacteria there are five extrinsic proteins in OEC (PsbO, PsbP-like, PsbQ-like, PsbU and PsbV), while in plants there are only three (PsbO, PsbP and PsbQ)." [GOC:cjm, InterPro:IPR002683]
3.69e-04
induced systemic resistance
biological_process
"A response to non-pathogenic bacteria that confers broad spectrum systemic resistance to disease that does not depend upon salicylic acid signaling." [PMID:10234273]
2.26e-02
salicylic acid biosynthetic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of salicylic acid (2-hydroxybenzoic acid), a derivative of benzoic acid." [ISBN:0943088399]
4.19e-02
response to ethylene
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an ethylene (ethene) stimulus." [GOC:jl]
2.19e-02
hormone-mediated signaling pathway
biological_process
"A series of molecular signals mediated by the detection of a hormone." [GOC:sm]
9.48e-03
photosynthetic electron transport chain
biological_process
"A process, occurring as part of photosynthesis, in which light provides the energy for a series of electron carriers to operate together to transfer electrons and generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient." [GOC:mtg_electron_transport, ISBN:0198547684]
1.48e-03
salicylic acid mediated signaling pathway
biological_process
"A series of molecular signals mediated by salicylic acid." [GOC:jy]
2.09e-02
leaf senescence
biological_process
"The process that occurs in a leaf near the end of its active life that is associated with the dismantling of cell components and membranes, loss of functional chloroplasts, and an overall decline in metabolism." [ISBN:0387987819]
2.62e-02
response to ozone
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a ozone stimulus." [GOC:sm]
3.73e-04
response to chitin
biological_process
"A process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a chitin stimulus." [GOC:sm]
4.43e-03
organ senescence
biological_process
"The process that occurs in an organ near the end of its active life that is associated with the dismantling of cell components and membranes, and an overall decline in metabolism. An example of this process is found in Arabidopsis thaliana." [GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:sm]
6.68e-03
myo-inositol hexakisphosphate biosynthetic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of phytic acid, myo-inositol hexakisphosphate, a regulator of intracellular signaling, a highly abundant animal anti-nutrient and a phosphate and mineral storage compound in plant seeds." [CHEBI:17401, PMID:16107538]
2.75e-03
response to cyclopentenone
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cyclopentenone stimulus. Cyclopentenones are oxylipins derived from polyunsaturated fatty acids. They are structurally similar to jasmonic acid, but contain a reactive unsaturated carbonyl structure in the cyclo-ring. Cyclopentenones include phytoprostanes and 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid." [PMID:18334669]
6.00e-04
organic anion transport
biological_process
"The directed movement of organic anions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Organic anions are atoms or small molecules with a negative charge which contain carbon in covalent linkage." [GOC:ai, GOC:krc]
2.96e-02
membrane
cellular_component
"A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it." [GOC:dos, GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194]
4.45e-02
integral component of membrane
cellular_component
"The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane." [GOC:dos, GOC:go_curators]
6.60e-05
transferase activity, transferring acyl groups
molecular_function
"Catalysis of the transfer of an acyl group from one compound (donor) to another (acceptor)." [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732]
2.32e-02
xyloglucan:xyloglucosyl transferase activity
molecular_function
"Catalysis of the cleavage of a beta-(1->4) bond in the backbone of a xyloglucan and transfers the xyloglucanyl segment on to O-4 of the non-reducing terminal glucose residue of an acceptor, which can be a xyloglucan or an oligosaccharide of xyloglucan." [EC:2.4.1.207]
2.22e-02
phosphatase activity
molecular_function
"Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate." [EC:3.1.3, EC:3.1.3.41, GOC:curators, GOC:pg]
4.52e-02
starch biosynthetic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of starch, the most important reserve polysaccharide in plants." [GOC:ai]
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of isopentenyl diphosphate by the mevalonate-independent pathway. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) is the fundamental unit in isoprenoid biosynthesis and is biosynthesized from pyruvate and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate via intermediates, including 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate." [GOC:go_curators, MetaCyc:NONMEVIPP-PWY, PMID:18948055]
4.58e-02
photosynthesis, light reaction
biological_process
"The light reactions of photosynthesis, which take place in photosystems II and I. Light energy is harvested and used to power the transfer of electrons among a series of electron donors and acceptors. The final electron acceptor is NADP+, which is reduced to NADPH. NADPH generated from light reactions is used in sugar synthesis in dark reactions. Light reactions also generate a proton motive force across the thylakoid membrane, and the proton gradient is used to synthesize ATP. There are two chemical reactions involved in the light reactions: water oxidation in photosystem II, and NADP reduction in photosystem I." [http://www.arabidopsis.org]
4.11e-04
calcium-mediated signaling
biological_process
"Any intracellular signal transduction in which the signal is passed on within the cell via calcium ions." [GOC:signaling]
2.10e-02
rRNA binding
molecular_function
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with ribosomal RNA." [GOC:jl]
2.26e-02
electron transport chain
biological_process
"A process in which a series of electron carriers operate together to transfer electrons from donors to any of several different terminal electron acceptors to generate a transmembrane electrochemical gradient." [GOC:mtg_electron_transport]
2.26e-02
polysaccharide binding
molecular_function
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with any polysaccharide, a polymer of many (typically more than 10) monosaccharide residues linked glycosidically." [CHEBI:18154, GOC:mah]
1.05e-02
negative regulation of defense response
biological_process
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of a defense response." [GOC:mah]
1.19e-02
ubiquitin protein ligase binding
molecular_function
"Interacting selectively and non-covalently with a ubiquitin protein ligase enzyme, any of the E3 proteins." [GOC:vp]
4.06e-03
thylakoid lumen
cellular_component
"The volume enclosed by a thylakoid membrane." [GOC:mah, GOC:pz]
3.49e-03
response to endoplasmic reticulum stress
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stress acting at the endoplasmic reticulum. ER stress usually results from the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the ER lumen." [GOC:cjm, GOC:mah]
4.02e-03
indole-containing compound metabolic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways involving compounds that contain an indole (2,3-benzopyrrole) skeleton." [CHEBI:24828, GOC:jl, GOC:mah]
9.92e-04
hyperosmotic salinity response
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of detection of, or exposure to, an increase in the concentration of salt (particularly but not exclusively sodium and chloride ions) in the environment." [GOC:jl]
2.32e-02
response to hydrogen peroxide
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stimulus." [GOC:jl]
4.02e-03
cell wall biogenesis
biological_process
"A cellular process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, and arrangement of constituent parts of a cell wall. Includes biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, such as proteins and polysaccharides, and those macromolecular modifications that are involved in synthesis or assembly of the cellular component. A cell wall is the rigid or semi-rigid envelope lying outside the cell membrane of plant, fungal and most prokaryotic cells, maintaining their shape and protecting them from osmotic lysis." [GOC:jl, GOC:mah, GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0198506732]
4.35e-02
defense response to bacterium
biological_process
"Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism." [GOC:jl]
4.02e-03
negative regulation of programmed cell death
biological_process
"Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of programmed cell death, cell death resulting from activation of endogenous cellular processes." [GOC:jl]
9.48e-03
response to external biotic stimulus
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an external biotic stimulus, an external stimulus caused by, or produced by living things." [GOC:go_curators]
1.57e-04
small molecule biosynthetic process
biological_process
"The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of small molecules, any low molecular weight, monomeric, non-encoded molecule." [GOC:curators, GOC:pde, GOC:vw]
4.89e-02
innate immune response
biological_process
"Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens." [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:ebc, GOC:mtg_15nov05, GOC:mtg_sensu]
5.44e-04
protein autophosphorylation
biological_process
"The phosphorylation by a protein of one or more of its own amino acid residues (cis-autophosphorylation), or residues on an identical protein (trans-autophosphorylation)." [ISBN:0198506732]
6.07e-03
defense response to fungus
biological_process
"Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a fungus that act to protect the cell or organism." [GOC:ai]
2.32e-02
response to stimulus
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism." [GOC:ai, GOC:bf]
7.56e-06
chromosome organization
biological_process
"A process that is carried out at the cellular level that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of chromosomes, structures composed of a very long molecule of DNA and associated proteins that carries hereditary information. This term covers covalent modifications at the molecular level as well as spatial relationships among the major components of a chromosome." [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:mah]
2.49e-02
response to other organism
biological_process
"Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from another living organism." [GOC:ai]
7.69e-05
defense response by callose deposition
biological_process
"Any process in which callose is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location during the defense response. Callose is a linear 1,3-beta-d-glucan formed from UDP-glucose and is found in certain plant cell walls." [GOC:mtg_pamgo_17jul06]
1.34e-03
defense response to other organism
biological_process
"Reactions triggered in response to the presence of another organism that act to protect the cell or organism from damage caused by that organism." [GOC:dos]
